A2 · 초중급 챕터 17

"그 사람이 그랬어!" 이야기 전달과 상세한 설명

2 총 규칙
10 예문
1

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of sharing information and describing people, places, and things with precision.

  • Convert direct statements into reported speech.
  • Identify the correct relative pronouns for different nouns.
  • Combine sentences to provide extra details fluently.
Share stories and describe your world with confidence.

배울 내용

이제 영어를 단순히 나열하는 수준을 넘어, 여러분의 생각을 훨씬 더 입체적으로 표현해 볼까요? 이번 챕터에서는 대화의 풍성함을 더해주는 '간접 화법'과 '관계절'이라는 강력한 도구를 배우게 됩니다. 먼저, 누군가 한 말을 다른 사람에게 옮길 때 사용하는 '간접 화법'을 익혀볼 거예요. «친구가 파티가 정말 즐거웠대»라고 말할 때처럼, 시제를 한 단계 뒤로 물러나게 하고 대명사를 알맞게 바꾸는 마법 같은 규칙이죠. 이 방법을 알면 친구의 소식이나 뉴스 내용을 전달할 때, 혹은 회사에서 상사의 지시 사항을 동료에게 전할 때 훨씬 자연스러워집니다. 여기에 문장을 더 구체적으로 만들어주는 '관계절'이 더해지면 금상첨화예요! who(사람), which/that(사물), where(장소)를 활용해 보세요. «나는 식당에 갔어»라는 단순한 문장에서 «나는 지난주에 친구가 추천해 줬던 그 근사한 식당에 갔어»처럼, 대상에 대해 자세한 설명을 덧붙일 수 있게 됩니다. 이 챕터를 마치고 나면, 여러분은 단답형 대화에서 벗어나 흥미진진한 이야기를 들려줄 수 있는 멋진 스토리텔러가 되어 있을 거예요. 복잡해 보이지만 규칙만 알면 누구나 쉽게 할 수 있답니다. 더 세련된 영어를 향해 저와 함께 한 걸음 더 나아가 볼까요? 여러분의 영어가 한층 더 반짝이게 될 거예요!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Retell a short story using reported speech and describe your favorite places using relative clauses.

팁과 요령 (2)

💡

The 'That' Trap

You can drop the word 'that' in informal speech. 'He said he was tired' is just as correct as 'He said that he was tired'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said
💡

Keep it simple

Start by using 'who' for people and 'that' for things. Don't worry about 'which' yet.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

핵심 어휘 (5)

Report to tell someone about an event Relative connecting two parts of a sentence Clause a part of a sentence containing a verb Pronoun a word like who or that replacing a noun Mention to speak about something briefly

Real-World Preview

users

Sharing News

Review Summary

  • Subject + said + (that) + [tense shifted clause]
  • Noun + who/which/that/where + clause

자주 하는 실수

We don't use an object (me) directly after 'said'. Use 'told me' or just 'said that'.

Wrong: He said me he is happy.
정답: He said that he was happy.

Do not repeat the subject (she). The relative pronoun 'who' acts as the subject.

Wrong: The girl who she is my friend.
정답: The girl who is my friend.

You don't need 'in it' because 'where' already includes the location.

Wrong: The city where I live in it.
정답: The city where I live.

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job today! Keep practicing these structures in your daily conversations.

Listen to a news clip and write down three things the reporter said.

빠른 연습 (7)

Find the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

She told that she was tired.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: told
'Told' needs an object.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Choose the best option.

This is the restaurant ___ we ate.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: where
Use 'where' for places.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Fill in the blank with who, that, or where.

The girl ___ is singing is my sister.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: who
Use 'who' for people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Fill in the correct backshifted verb.

He said he ___ (be) happy.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: was
Present simple backshifts to past simple.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Select the correct reported question.

He asked where ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I was
Indirect questions use statement order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Choose the correct sentence.

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The car that I bought is red.
Use 'that' for things.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Find the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

The man which lives here is nice.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: which -> who
Use 'who' for people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Score: /7

자주 묻는 질문 (4)

If the information is still true (e.g., 'He said he is a doctor'), you don't have to. But backshifting is always safe.
No, use 'told' instead. 'He told me' is correct; 'He said me' is not.
In very informal speech, yes, but 'who' is much better.
Use 'where' only for locations like cities, houses, or parks.