juures en 30 segundos
- Meaning: At or by someone/something.
- Usage: Indicates location or presence.
- Grammar: Usually follows genitive case.
- Example: 'Ma olen sinu juures.' (I am at your place.)
The Estonian word 'juures' is a very common and versatile postposition, primarily used to indicate that someone or something is located at or near a specific person or place. Think of it as the Estonian equivalent of the English prepositions 'at', 'by', or 'near' when talking about location or presence. It's fundamental for describing where you are or where something is in relation to a reference point.
- Location with People
- When you are with a person or at their place, you use 'juures'. For example, 'Ma olen sõbra juures' means 'I am at my friend's place' or 'I am with my friend'. It implies being in their company or at their home.
- Location with Places
- You also use 'juures' for specific locations, especially when referring to being present at a particular establishment or point of interest. For instance, 'Poes juures' means 'at the shop', and 'kooli juures' means 'by the school'. It signifies being in the immediate vicinity of these places.
- Abstract Locations/Situations
- Beyond physical spaces, 'juures' can also be used in more abstract senses, though this is less common at A1 level. For example, one might speak of being 'at the beginning' of something. However, for beginners, focusing on the spatial meaning is key.
Ma olen sinu juures.
The word 'juures' is essential for everyday communication in Estonian. Whether you're asking someone where they are, stating your own location, or describing the position of objects, you will encounter and use this word frequently. It's one of those foundational words that unlocks a lot of basic sentence structures and meanings.
Laps on ema juures.
- Common Use Cases
- You'll hear 'juures' used in phrases like: 'kodus juures' (at home), 'tööl juures' (at work), 'kaupluse juures' (near the store), 'õe juures' (at my sister's place). It's a very common way to indicate presence or location relative to someone or something. Mastering 'juures' will significantly improve your ability to form basic descriptive sentences in Estonian.
Using 'juures' correctly involves understanding its postpositional nature and the grammatical case of the word it follows. For A1 learners, the most common case you'll see with 'juures' is the genitive case. This means the noun preceding 'juures' will often end in '-i' or '-u' (though there are exceptions and variations). Let's break down how to construct sentences.
- Basic Structure
- The fundamental structure is: [Noun in Genitive] + juures. This phrase then acts as a location or accompaniment marker within a larger sentence.
Ma olen sinu sõbra juures.
In this example, 'sinu sõbra' is in the genitive case ('my friend's'). 'Juures' then specifies that 'I am' (Ma olen) located at my friend's place.
- Common Nouns and Their Genitive Forms
- It's helpful to learn the genitive forms of common nouns you'll use with 'juures'.
- Examples:
- * kodu (home) -> kodu juures (at home)
* pere (family) -> pere juures (with the family)
* töö (work) -> tööl juures (at work - note the elative case 'tööl' is also common here, but genitive 'töö juures' is possible too)
* pood (shop) -> poe juures (by the shop)
* kool (school) -> kooli juures (near the school)
* maja (house) -> maja juures (by the house)
Me oleme kooli juures.
In 'Me oleme kooli juures', 'kooli' is the genitive of 'kool'. This sentence translates to 'We are by the school'.
Koer on maja juures.
When referring to yourself or another person, you'll often use possessive suffixes attached to 'juures'. For example, 'sinu juures' (at your place/with you), 'tema juures' (at his/her place/with him/her), 'minu juures' (at my place/with me). These are very common and useful.
- Sentence Examples
- * 'Ta on minu juures.' (He/She is at my place / with me.)
* 'Raamat on laua juures.' (The book is by the table.)
* 'Me kohtume bussipeatuse juures.' (We will meet at the bus stop.)
You'll hear 'juures' constantly in everyday Estonian conversations. It's a workhorse word for describing locations and company. Listen for it in these common scenarios:
- Greetings and Socializing
- When friends meet, they might ask: 'Kus sa oled?' (Where are you?). A common reply would be 'Ma olen sinu juures' (I'm at your place/with you) or 'Ma olen kodus juures' (I'm at home). If someone invites you over, they might say 'Tule minu juurde!' (Come to my place!). This is a very natural and frequent usage.
- Asking for Directions or Locations
- When trying to find a place, you might ask: 'Kas see pood on siin lähedal?' (Is this shop nearby?). The answer could be: 'Jah, see on suure tee juures' (Yes, it's by the main road). Or, 'Kus bussipeatus on?' (Where is the bus stop?). 'See on raamatukogu juures' (It's by the library).
- Describing Activities
- When talking about what people are doing, 'juures' is often used. For example: 'Lapsed mängivad õue juures' (The children are playing near the yard). Or, 'Mari on arsti juures' (Mari is at the doctor's). This indicates presence at a specific professional's location.
Kas sa oled minu juures?
- Everyday Objects and Surroundings
- You'll also use it to describe the position of things: 'Tass on laua juures' (The cup is by the table). 'Auto seisab maja juures' (The car is standing by the house). These are very common descriptive phrases.
Nad on minu sõbra juures.
- Formal vs. Informal
- 'Juures' is used in both formal and informal contexts. It's a neutral word. Whether you're speaking to a close friend or a colleague, it remains the appropriate choice for indicating proximity.
While 'juures' is a fundamental word, learners sometimes make a few common errors. Being aware of these can help you avoid them.
- Mistake 1: Using 'juures' as a preposition like in English
- The most frequent mistake is treating 'juures' like an English preposition and placing it *before* the noun. Remember, Estonian is largely a postpositional language for this type of meaning. So, saying 'juures sõbra' is incorrect. It must be 'sõbra juures'.
Incorrect: Juures sõbra
- Mistake 2: Incorrect Case Usage
- As mentioned, 'juures' typically follows the genitive case. Learners might forget to change the noun to its genitive form. For example, saying 'kool juures' instead of the correct 'kooli juures'. While sometimes the nominative might be heard in very informal speech or for specific words, the genitive is standard and expected.
Incorrect: Kool juures
- Mistake 3: Confusing 'juures' with other location words
- Estonian has other words for location. While 'juures' is for 'at' or 'by', words like 'sees' (inside) or 'peal' (on top of) have different meanings. Using 'juures' when you mean 'inside' or 'on top' would be incorrect. For example, saying 'raamatu juures' when you mean 'raamatu peal' (on the book) would change the meaning entirely.
Correct: Ma olen sinu sõbra juures.
- Mistake 4: Overuse or Underuse
- At the A1 level, you might either overuse 'juures' in situations where a simpler word like 'on' (is) might suffice, or conversely, you might forget to use it when indicating proximity. Focus on using it specifically when you want to convey 'at', 'by', or 'near' a person or place.
While 'juures' is very common for indicating presence at or by someone/something, Estonian has other ways to express location and proximity. Understanding these distinctions will help you use the language more precisely.
- 'Kõrval' (Next to, Beside)
- 'Kõrval' also indicates proximity but specifically means 'next to' or 'beside'. It's more precise about the spatial relationship than 'juures', which can be broader. Both typically follow the genitive case.
- Comparison:
- * 'Ma seisan sinu juures.' (I am standing by you / near you.) - This is general proximity.
* 'Ma seisan sinu kõrval.' (I am standing next to you / beside you.) - This is more specific, indicating adjacency.
- 'Lähedal' (Near)
- 'Lähedal' means 'near' and is often used with the genitive case as well. It indicates a general area of proximity without specifying exact placement.
- Comparison:
- * 'Pood on minu juures.' (The shop is at my place / near me.) - Could imply being at my home, or just in my general vicinity.
* 'Pood on minu lähedal.' (The shop is near me.) - This clearly means the shop is in the general vicinity, not necessarily at your specific location.
See maja on minu juures.
- 'Sees' (Inside)
- This is a completely different meaning. 'Sees' (often used with the elative case, e.g., 'majas') means 'inside'.
- Comparison:
- * 'Ma olen maja juures.' (I am by the house.)
* 'Ma olen majas sees.' (I am inside the house.)
See raamat on laua juures.
- 'Koos' (With)
- While 'juures' can imply being *with* someone (e.g., 'olen sinu juures' can mean 'I am with you'), the word 'koos' specifically means 'together with'. 'Koos' is an adverb and usually follows the person it refers to. It emphasizes shared activity.
- Comparison:
- * 'Ma olen sinu juures.' (I am at your place / with you.) - Focus is on location or presence.
* 'Ma olen sinuga koos.' (I am together with you.) - Focus is on shared togetherness.
Ejemplos por nivel
Ma olen sinu juures.
I am at your place / with you.
Possessive suffix '-u' on 'sinu' (your) and 'juures' functions as 'at your place'.
Raamat on laua juures.
The book is by the table.
'Laua' is the genitive of 'laud' (table). 'Juures' indicates proximity.
Laps on ema juures.
The child is at mother's place / with mother.
'Ema' is the genitive of 'ema' (mother). 'Juures' indicates presence with the mother.
Me oleme kooli juures.
We are by the school.
'Kooli' is the genitive of 'kool' (school). 'Juures' indicates location near the school.
Koer on maja juures.
The dog is by the house.
'Maja' is the genitive of 'maja' (house). 'Juures' indicates proximity to the house.
Tüdruk on sõbra juures.
The girl is at her friend's place.
'Sõbra' is the genitive of 'sõber' (friend). 'Juures' indicates being at the friend's location.
Onu on tööl juures.
Uncle is at work.
'Tööl' is the elative case of 'töö' (work), commonly used with 'juures' for 'at work'.
See on poe juures.
It is by the shop.
'Poe' is the genitive of 'pood' (shop). 'Juures' indicates proximity to the shop.
Ma ootan sind bussipeatuse juures.
I am waiting for you at the bus stop.
'Bussipeatuse' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the location of waiting.
Nad on nüüd minu juures.
They are at my place now.
Possessive suffix '-u' on 'minu' (my) and 'juures' indicates their current location.
Arst on haigla juures.
The doctor is at the hospital.
'Haigla' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the doctor's location.
Kas sa oled minu ema juures?
Are you at my mother's place?
Question form using 'juures' to inquire about location relative to the speaker's mother.
Meie kodu on pargi juures.
Our home is near the park.
'Pargi' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates proximity to the park.
Tema on vanaema juures külas.
He/She is visiting grandmother.
'Vanaema' is genitive. 'Juures' here implies being at her place for a visit.
See kohvik asub raamatukogu juures.
This cafe is located by the library.
'Raamatukogu' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the cafe's location relative to the library.
Lapsed mängivad õue juures.
The children are playing near the yard.
'Õue' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates their playing area is close to the yard.
Palun oota mind silla juures.
Please wait for me by the bridge.
'Silla' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the meeting point.
Ta töötab suurkorporatsiooni juures.
He/She works for a large corporation.
'Suurkorporatsiooni' is genitive. 'Juures' implies employment or association with the corporation.
Meie firma kontor asub sadama juures.
Our company's office is located by the harbor.
'Sadama' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the office's proximity to the harbor.
Ta otsib oma võtmeid auto juurest.
He/She is looking for his/her keys from the car.
'Auto' is genitive. 'Juurest' (from the vicinity of) indicates the area where the keys are sought.
Kogu pere oli koos minu juures.
The whole family was together at my place.
'Minu' is possessive. 'Juures' indicates the location of the gathering.
Ta tegutseb valitsuse juures.
He/She works for the government.
'Valitsuse' is genitive. 'Juures' implies working within or for the government.
Meie ülikooli juures on kaunis park.
There is a beautiful park by our university.
'Ülikooli' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the park's location relative to the university.
Ta on alati sõprade juures seltsiv.
He/She is always sociable at his/her friends' places.
'Sõprade' is genitive. 'Juures' implies the social setting is at friends' locations.
Projekti juhtkond töötab peamaja juures.
The project management works at the main building.
'Peamaja' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the operational location of the management.
Ta on tuntud oma originaalsete ideede poolest, mis on tekkinud tema uurimistöö juures.
He/She is known for his/her original ideas that have arisen during his/her research work.
'Uurimistöö' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the context or period of research.
Ettevõtte strateegia arendati välja nende peakontori juures.
The company's strategy was developed at their headquarters.
'Peakontori' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the location where the strategy was formulated.
Ta on alati olnud aktiivne kodanikuühiskonna juures.
He/She has always been active within civil society.
'Kodanikuühiskonna' is genitive. 'Juures' implies participation or involvement in this sphere.
Muusika kõlas kontserdisaali juures.
The music was playing near the concert hall.
'Kontserdisaali' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the location from which the music was emanating.
Selle kunstniku looming on tihti seotud looduse juures.
This artist's work is often associated with nature.
'Looduse' is genitive. 'Juures' implies a connection or inspiration drawn from nature.
Ta pidi olema kriitilise otsuse vastuvõtmise juures.
He/She had to be present at the making of a critical decision.
'Vastuvõtmise' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates being involved in or witnessing the event.
Vanemate nõukogu koosolek toimub koolimaja juures.
The parents' council meeting takes place at the school building.
'Koolimaja' is genitive. 'Juures' specifies the location of the meeting.
Tema akadeemiline karjäär on olnud tihedalt seotud ülikooli teaduslabori juures.
His/Her academic career has been closely linked with the university's research laboratory.
'Teaduslabori' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies the context and location of his academic work.
Kohus teatas, et menetlust jätkatakse süüdistatava advokaadi juures.
The court announced that the proceedings would continue with the defendant's lawyer.
'Advokaadi' is genitive. 'Juures' implies collaboration or consultation with the lawyer.
Ettevõtte hiljutine laienemine on toimunud uue tootmisüksuse juures.
The company's recent expansion has taken place at the new production unit.
'Tootmisüksuse' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the location of the expansion.
Ta on tuntud oma pühendumuse poolest tööandja juures.
He/She is known for his/her dedication to the employer.
'Tööandja' is genitive. 'Juures' implies loyalty and commitment in the context of employment.
Muutuste elluviimine nõuab sageli tihedat koostööd kõigi osapoolte juures.
Implementing changes often requires close cooperation with all parties involved.
'Osapoolte' is genitive. 'Juures' implies working together with these parties.
Ta on olnud selle ajaloolise projekti arengu juures algusest peale.
He/She has been involved in the development of this historical project from the very beginning.
'Arengu' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies his presence and contribution throughout the project's development.
Riikliku tellimuse täitmine toimub spetsiaalse töögrupi juures.
Fulfillment of the state order takes place with a special working group.
'Töögrupi' is genitive. 'Juures' implies the work is being done under the auspices of this group.
Tema mõju ulatus ka tema õpilaste juurde.
His/Her influence extended even to his/her students.
'Õpilaste' is genitive. 'Juure' (partitive of juures) here implies influence reaching them.
Tema kunstiline väljendus on alati olnud sügavalt juurdunud kohaliku kultuuripärandi juures.
His/Her artistic expression has always been deeply rooted in the local cultural heritage.
'Kultuuripärandi' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies a profound connection and foundation in heritage.
Riigikogu liikmed arutasid uut seaduseelnõud fraktsiooni juures.
Members of the Parliament discussed the new bill within their faction.
'Fraktsiooni' is genitive. 'Juures' implies internal discussions within the parliamentary group.
Tema teaduslikud avastused on sündinud aastatepikkuse töö tulemusena ülikooli uurimiskeskuse juures.
His/Her scientific discoveries were the result of years of work at the university's research center.
'Uurimiskeskuse' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies the environment and context of the scientific endeavor.
Muinsuskaitseametnikud viisid läbi inspekteerimise ajaloolise hoone juures.
Heritage preservation officials conducted an inspection at the historical building.
'Hoone' is genitive. 'Juures' indicates the location of the inspection.
Tema poliitiline karjäär algas kohaliku omavalitsuse juures.
His/Her political career began at the local government level.
'Omavalitsuse' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies the starting point and context of his political career.
Loomingulise protsessi käigus otsis ta inspiratsiooni loodusest ja selle ilmingute juures.
During the creative process, he sought inspiration from nature and its manifestations.
'Ilmingute' is genitive. 'Juures' implies a close examination and engagement with nature's aspects.
Kogu otsustusprotsess toimus ettevõtte juhtkonna juures.
The entire decision-making process took place with the company's management.
'Juhtkonna' is genitive. 'Juures' implies the process was conducted under their authority and involvement.
Tema elutöö on olnud pühendatud laste hariduse juures.
His/Her life's work has been dedicated to children's education.
'Hariduse' is genitive. 'Juures' signifies the focus and dedication of his life's work.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— At my sister's/brother's place.
Ma veetsin nädalavahetuse õe juures. (I spent the weekend at my sister's.)
— By the shop; near the shop.
Kohtume poe juures kell viis. (Let's meet by the shop at five.)
— By the school; near the school.
Lapsed ootasid kooli juures bussipeatust. (The children waited for the bus stop by the school.)
— By the house; near the house.
Auto seisab maja juures. (The car is parked by the house.)
— At my friend's place.
Ta magab täna sõbra juures. (He/She is sleeping at his/her friend's tonight.)
— At the doctor's.
Mul on aeg arsti juures homme. (I have an appointment at the doctor's tomorrow.)
Modismos y expresiones
— To be with someone, to be in their company or at their place.
Ma tahan sinu juures olla. (I want to be with you / at your place.)
Neutral— To do something at someone's place or with someone's involvement.
Me tegime ülesande koos sõbra juures. (We did the assignment together at my friend's place.)
Neutral— To visit someone, to go to their place.
Ma käin sageli vanaema juures. (I often visit my grandmother.)
Neutral— To come from someone's place or company.
Ma tulin just sinu juurest. (I just came from your place.)
Neutral— To be at work.
Ta on praegu tööl juures. (He/She is at work right now.)
Neutral— To be at home.
Parem on kodus juures olla. (It's better to be at home.)
Neutral— To go to someone's place.
Lähme sõbra juurde. (Let's go to my friend's place.)
Neutral— To live at someone's place (temporarily).
Ta elas paar kuud oma vanemate juures. (He/She lived at his/her parents' for a couple of months.)
Neutral— To work for someone (as an employer).
Ta töötab suure firma juures. (He/She works for a big company.)
Formal— To find something at someone's place or in their possession.
Ma leidsin oma raamatu sinu juures. (I found my book at your place.)
NeutralSummary
The Estonian postposition 'juures' is essential for expressing location and presence. It means 'at' or 'by' someone or something and typically follows the genitive case of the preceding noun. For example, 'Ma olen sõbra juures' translates to 'I am at my friend's place'.
- Meaning: At or by someone/something.
- Usage: Indicates location or presence.
- Grammar: Usually follows genitive case.
- Example: 'Ma olen sinu juures.' (I am at your place.)
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de general
ainult
A1Only or just
algama
A1Empezar, comenzar. 'La fiesta empieza por la noche.' (Pidu algab õhtul.)
all
A1Under or below something
aprill
A1Abril es el cuarto mes del año. En Estonia, es el mes en que la nieve finalmente desaparece.
arvama
A1To think, suppose, or opine
august
A1Agosto es el octavo mes del año.
detsember
A1The twelfth month of the year
ees
A1La palabra 'ees' significa 'delante de'. El coche está delante de la casa (Auto on maja ees).
enne
A1La palabra 'enne' significa 'antes'. Se utiliza para indicar que algo sucede primero en una secuencia de tiempo.
esmaspäev
A1The first day of the week, Monday
