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A1 adjective #1,500 más común 5 min de lectura

پخته

pokhteh Top 1,500

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos پخته en 30 segundos

Explicación پخته in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'پخته' (pokhte) is a fundamental vocabulary word used to describe basic food states. Students learn it as the opposite of 'خام' (kham), which means raw. At this stage, the focus is entirely on physical objects. You will use it to talk about your dinner, like 'مرغ پخته' (cooked chicken) or 'سیب‌زمینی پخته' (cooked potato). It is essential for surviving in a Persian-speaking environment where you need to order food or explain how you like your meals prepared. Simple sentences like 'این غذا پخته است' (This food is cooked) or 'آیا گوشت پخته است؟' (Is the meat cooked?) are typical. Learners should also recognize it in grocery shopping contexts, where labels might indicate pre-cooked items. The word is easy to remember because it sounds like 'baked' in some phonetic aspects and relates directly to the verb 'پختن' (to cook), which is one of the first ten verbs most students learn. Avoid complex metaphorical meanings at this stage; just think of a stove and a pot. If the heat has done its job, the food is 'پخته'.

At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'پخته' to include simple descriptions of fruit and more varied cooking methods. You might start using it to describe 'میوه‌ی پخته' (cooked fruit/compote) or 'نان پخته' (baked bread). At this level, you also begin to see the word in compound forms like 'نیم‌پخته' (half-cooked/medium). You can use it to describe the result of a recipe: 'کیک خوب پخته شده است' (The cake is well-baked). You also begin to understand the 'Ezafe' construction more clearly, using 'پخته' as an attribute for various nouns. It's also the stage where you might first encounter the word used for 'ripe' fruit in stories, though 'رسیده' remains the primary word. You should be able to distinguish between 'پختن' (the action) and 'پخته' (the state). For example, 'من دارم سیب‌زمینی می‌پزم' (I am cooking potatoes) vs 'سیب‌زمینی پخته است' (The potato is cooked). This distinction is crucial for basic fluency in daily tasks and conversations about household chores and food preferences.

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By B1, you move beyond the kitchen. While you still use 'پخته' for food, you start to encounter its metaphorical meaning: 'maturity'. You might hear someone described as an 'آدم پخته' (a mature person). This doesn't mean they are literally cooked! It means they are wise, stable, and have life experience. At this level, you should be able to use 'پخته' to describe a person's character or a well-thought-out plan ('طرح پخته'). You will also see it in more complex grammatical structures, such as passive voice constructions ('پخته شده است') and as part of more descriptive narratives. You might read a short story where a character's voice is described as 'پخته', implying it is deep and confident. Understanding this shift from literal to figurative is a key milestone in reaching the intermediate level. You should also be able to compare 'پخته' with synonyms like 'مجرب' (experienced) and understand that 'پخته' is slightly more informal and holistic in its description of a person's nature.

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At the B2 level, 'پخته' becomes a tool for nuanced description in professional and social contexts. You use it to critique works of art, literature, or business proposals. A 'نثر پخته' (mature prose) refers to writing that is balanced, sophisticated, and free of the cliches typical of beginners. In business, a 'تصمیم پخته' (a mature decision) is one made after careful consideration of all factors. You are expected to use the word in discussions about personality development and social issues. For example, you might discuss how 'سختی‌های زندگی انسان را پخته می‌کند' (Life's hardships make a person mature). This level requires you to understand the cultural weight of the word—how 'pukhtegi' (maturity) is a valued trait in Iranian society, often associated with silence, patience, and wisdom. You should also be comfortable using the word in various registers, from casual conversation to formal reports, knowing when it adds a touch of poetic depth to your speech.

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At the C1 level, you explore the deep philosophical and literary roots of 'پخته'. You will encounter this word in the classical poetry of Rumi, Saadi, and Hafez. In Sufi literature, the 'raw' (خام) soul must undergo the 'fire' of divine love or worldly suffering to become 'cooked' (پخته). You should be able to analyze these metaphors in academic or literary discussions. Your own use of the word should be precise; you might use it to describe a 'صدای پخته' in a musical critique or a 'سیاست پخته' in a political analysis. You understand the subtle difference between 'پخته' and its synonyms like 'سنجیده' (deliberate) or 'آزموده' (tested). At this stage, you can use the noun form 'پختگی' (maturity/cookedness) fluently to discuss abstract concepts like the 'پختگی یک تمدن' (the maturity of a civilization). Your vocabulary is rich enough to use 'پخته' as a way to convey respect and admiration for someone's intellectual or emotional depth, recognizing it as a hallmark of the 'perfect human' (انسان کامل) in Persian thought.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'پخته' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You use the word with total ease in its most abstract and sophisticated forms. You can engage in high-level debates about the 'پختگی' of a philosophical argument or the 'سبک پخته' (refined style) of a 15th-century manuscript. You recognize the word in rare idioms and archaic contexts. You can use it ironically or with deep sincerity to describe the culmination of a life's work. For you, 'پخته' is not just a word but a concept that encapsulates the entire Iranian ideal of personal and artistic development. You can explain to others how the word functions as a bridge between the physical act of transformation (cooking) and the spiritual act of transcendence. Whether you are writing a doctoral thesis on Persian linguistics or delivering a keynote speech, 'پخته' serves as a precise instrument in your linguistic toolkit, used to denote the highest state of readiness, refinement, and wisdom.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

پخته en 30 segundos

Literally means 'cooked' or 'baked' for food items.
Can mean 'ripe' for fruits, though 'resideh' is more common.
Metaphorically describes a wise, experienced, and stable person.
Used for well-developed ideas, plans, or artistic styles.

The term پخته is a cornerstone of the Persian language, bridging the gap between the culinary world and the philosophical understanding of human growth. At its most basic level, it refers to anything that has undergone the application of heat to become edible. Whether you are talking about a well-done kebab or a soft-boiled egg, this is the word you need. However, its utility extends far beyond the kitchen. In the natural world, it describes fruit that has reached its peak sweetness and texture, synonymous with being 'ripe'.

Culinary Context: Refers to food items like meat, vegetables, or grains that are no longer raw (خام). For example, 'برنج پخته' means cooked rice.

این گوشت کاملاً پخته و لذیذ است. (This meat is perfectly cooked and delicious.)

Metaphorically, the word is used to describe a person who has 'weathered the storms' of life. An 'آدم پخته' (a mature person) is someone who possesses wisdom, emotional intelligence, and a calm demeanor, usually acquired through years of experience. This transition from 'raw' (inexperienced) to 'cooked' (wise) is a recurring theme in Persian literature and Sufi mysticism, where the soul is said to 'cook' in the fire of love or hardship to reach perfection.

Abstract Usage: Used for ideas, plans, or voices. A 'صدای پخته' refers to a mature, resonant, and well-trained voice.

او طرحی پخته برای مدیریت شرکت دارد. (He has a mature/well-thought-out plan for managing the company.)

Using پخته correctly requires understanding its position as an adjective. In Persian grammar, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'Ezafe' (the short -e sound). For instance, 'غذای پخته' (cooked food). It can also function as a predicate adjective in a sentence: 'غذا پخته است' (The food is cooked).

Grammatical Placement: Noun + -e + پخته. Example: میوه‌ی پخته (Cooked fruit/Compote).

مادرم همیشه سبزیجات پخته سرو می‌کند. (My mother always serves cooked vegetables.)

One must be careful with the degree of 'cookedness'. To say something is 'well-cooked', we use 'خوب پخته' or 'کاملاً پخته'. Conversely, 'نیم‌پخته' means half-cooked or medium-rare. In a social context, calling someone 'پخته' is a high compliment, suggesting they are not easily rattled and possess deep insight. It is the opposite of 'خام' (raw/naive).

Compound Adjectives: Sokhteh-pokhteh (burnt and cooked) is a colloquial way to describe overdone food.

رفتار او در بحران بسیار پخته بود. (His behavior during the crisis was very mature.)

You will encounter پخته in various settings, from the bustling kitchens of Tehran to the quiet halls of a university. In a restaurant, you might ask if the meat is 'well-cooked' (خوب پخته شده؟). In a grocery store, you might see 'نخود پخته' (cooked chickpeas) sold in cans. It is a staple word in any culinary discussion.

Daily Life: Commonly heard in kitchens: 'سیب‌زمینی‌ها هنوز پخته نشده‌اند' (The potatoes aren't cooked yet).

نان پخته و گرم بوی خوبی دارد. (Baked and warm bread smells good.)

In the world of art and music, critics often describe a singer's voice as 'پخته' once they have reached their professional peak. Similarly, in business, a 'طرح پخته' (a mature plan) is one that has been thoroughly vetted and is ready for implementation. It implies that all the 'raw' or 'half-baked' ideas have been filtered out.

Media & Literature: News anchors might describe a diplomatic policy as 'پخته' if it shows strategic depth.

صدای استاد شجریان بسیار پخته بود. (Master Shajarian's voice was very mature/refined.)

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing پخته with رسیده. While both can mean 'ripe', 'رسیده' is the standard term for fruit on a tree. Using 'پخته' for a fruit usually implies it has been processed or is so ripe it's almost falling apart. Another mistake is using 'پخته' to describe a person's age. It describes their *experience*, not the number of years they have lived.

Ripe vs. Cooked: Don't say 'این موز پخته است' if you mean it's ready to eat; say 'رسیده است'. Use 'پخته' if it's been fried or baked.

اشتباه: او پیر و پخته است. (Incorrect if implying age alone). درست: او فردی با‌تجربه و پخته است.

Learners also sometimes confuse the verb 'پختن' (to cook) with the adjective 'پخته'. Remember that 'پخته' is the result. If you want to say 'I am cooking', you use 'می‌پزم', not 'پخته هستم'. Additionally, avoid using 'پخته' for 'hot' (warm). For temperature, use 'داغ' or 'گرم'.

The 'Raw' Opposite: Always remember the antonym 'خام'. If food isn't 'پخته', it is 'خام'. If a person isn't 'پخته', they are 'خام' (naive).

Understanding پخته involves comparing it to its synonyms and related terms. While 'پخته' is the general term for cooked, other words provide more specificity depending on the method or the result.

رسیده (Resideh): Meaning 'ripe'. Used specifically for fruits and crops. While 'پخته' can mean ripe in a poetic sense, 'رسیده' is the everyday choice.
آماده (Amadeh): Meaning 'ready'. All 'پخته' food is 'آماده', but not all 'آماده' food is 'پخته' (e.g., a salad).
مجرب (Mojarrab): Meaning 'experienced'. This is the formal synonym for 'پخته' when describing a person's professional background.

فرق بین پخته و رسیده در این است که اولی با آتش و دومی با زمان حاصل می‌شود.

In literary contexts, 'آزموده' (tested) is often used alongside 'پخته'. A 'سرد و گرم چشیده' (one who has tasted cold and hot) is a common idiom for a 'پخته' person. These nuances help in selecting the right word for the right level of formality.

How Formal Is It?

Nivel de dificultad

Gramática que debes saber

Ezafe construction

Past participles as adjectives

Passive voice with 'shodan'

Comparative and superlative suffixes

Noun-adjective agreement

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Ejemplos por nivel

این سیب‌زمینی پخته است.

This potato is cooked.

Simple predicate adjective.

من مرغ پخته می‌خورم.

I eat cooked chicken.

Adjective modifying a noun with Ezafe.

آیا گوشت پخته است؟

Is the meat cooked?

Interrogative sentence.

نان پخته و گرم است.

The bread is baked and warm.

Two adjectives joined by 'and'.

برنج پخته در قابلمه است.

The cooked rice is in the pot.

Locative sentence.

او تخم‌مرغ پخته دوست دارد.

He likes boiled eggs.

Direct object with adjective.

این سبزیجات پخته نیستند.

These vegetables are not cooked.

Negative sentence.

غذای پخته سالم است.

Cooked food is healthy.

General statement.

میوه‌های پخته برای مربا خوب هستند.

Cooked fruits are good for jam.

Plural noun with adjective.

این گوشت نیم‌پخته است.

This meat is medium-rare/half-cooked.

Compound adjective 'نیم‌پخته'.

مادرم سیب پخته درست کرد.

My mother made cooked apples (compote).

Past tense verb with object.

لوبیا باید کاملاً پخته شود.

Beans must be completely cooked.

Passive construction with 'shodan'.

بوی نان تازه پخته شده عالی است.

The smell of freshly baked bread is great.

Participle phrase.

آیا این هویج‌ها پخته‌اند؟

Are these carrots cooked?

Plural subject-verb agreement.

من غذای پخته را به غذای خام ترجیح می‌دهم.

I prefer cooked food to raw food.

Comparison using 'tarjih dadan'.

او برای شام ماهی پخته آورد.

He brought cooked fish for dinner.

Simple past with adjective.

او مردی پخته و با‌تجربه است.

He is a mature and experienced man.

Metaphorical usage for personality.

برای این کار به یک فکر پخته نیاز داریم.

We need a mature/well-thought-out idea for this task.

Abstract noun modification.

صدای او بعد از سال‌ها تمرین پخته شده است.

His voice has become mature after years of practice.

Describing quality of sound.

این طرح هنوز پخته نیست و نیاز به کار دارد.

This plan is not yet mature and needs work.

Describing the state of a project.

او در برخورد با مشکلات بسیار پخته عمل می‌کند.

He acts very maturely when dealing with problems.

Adverbial usage of the concept.

تجربه انسان را پخته می‌کند.

Experience makes a person mature.

Causative sense.

سخنان او بسیار پخته و سنجیده بود.

His words were very mature and deliberate.

Describing speech.

ما به دنبال یک مدیر پخته می‌گردیم.

We are looking for a mature manager.

Professional context.

نویسنده با زبانی پخته داستان را روایت می‌کند.

The author narrates the story with a mature language.

Literary criticism context.

این تصمیم نشان‌دهنده‌ی یک نگاه پخته به مسائل است.

This decision shows a mature outlook on issues.

Abstract conceptualization.

او علی‌رغم جوانی، شخصیت پخته‌ای دارد.

Despite being young, he has a mature personality.

Contrastive sentence.

اشعار او در این مجموعه بسیار پخته‌تر شده‌اند.

His poems in this collection have become much more mature.

Comparative adjective.

تحلیل‌های او از بازار همیشه پخته و دقیق است.

His market analyses are always mature and precise.

Professional analysis.

او با متانت و رفتاری پخته به انتقادات پاسخ داد.

He responded to criticisms with composure and mature behavior.

Describing social interaction.

رسیدن به این مرحله از پختگی زمان می‌برد.

Reaching this stage of maturity takes time.

Using the noun form 'pukhtegi'.

فیلم‌نامه‌ی این اثر بسیار پخته و منسجم است.

The screenplay of this work is very mature and coherent.

Artistic evaluation.

عارفان معتقدند که روح در آتش عشق پخته می‌شود.

Mystics believe the soul is matured in the fire of love.

Mystical/Sufi context.

سبک معماری این بنا به غایت پخته و تکامل‌یافته است.

The architectural style of this building is extremely mature and evolved.

Art history context.

او با استدلالی پخته، تمام فرضیات رقیب را رد کرد.

With a mature argument, he rejected all the rival's hypotheses.

Academic/Logic context.

پختگی کلام او شنونده را مجذوب می‌کرد.

The maturity of his speech fascinated the listener.

Focus on 'pukhtegi'.

این اثر هنری حاصل سال‌ها تامل و نگاهی پخته است.

This artwork is the result of years of reflection and a mature gaze.

Describing creative process.

در سیاست، گاهی سکوت نشانه‌ی موضعی پخته است.

In politics, sometimes silence is a sign of a mature position.

Political philosophy.

او به چنان پختگی‌ای رسیده که از قضاوت دیگران نمی‌هراسد.

He has reached such maturity that he does not fear others' judgments.

Psychological depth.

نقد او بر جامعه، نقدی پخته و به دور از احساسات بود.

His critique of society was mature and far from emotionalism.

Sociological context.

مولوی در مثنوی از سیر خام به پخته سخن می‌گوید.

Rumi speaks of the journey from raw to mature in the Masnavi.

Literary analysis.

این دیپلماسی پخته مانع از وقوع جنگی بزرگ شد.

This mature diplomacy prevented a major war.

High-level political context.

جهان‌بینی او به چنان پختگی‌ای رسیده که تضادها را درک می‌کند.

His worldview has reached such maturity that he understands contradictions.

Philosophical context.

پختگی ساختاری این سمفونی در تاریخ موسیقی کم‌نظیر است.

The structural maturity of this symphony is rare in music history.

Musicology context.

او با نگاهی پخته به تراژدی، معنای جدیدی به زندگی بخشید.

With a mature look at tragedy, he gave a new meaning to life.

Existential context.

این متن حقوقی از چنان پختگی‌ای برخوردار است که راه هرگونه تفسیری را می‌بندد.

This legal text possesses such maturity that it blocks any misinterpretation.

Legal/Formal context.

پختگی فرهنگی یک ملت در نحوه‌ی برخورد با اقلیت‌ها نمایان می‌شود.

The cultural maturity of a nation is revealed in its treatment of minorities.

Sociopolitical theory.

او در اوج پختگی هنری خویش، این شاهکار را خلق کرد.

At the peak of his artistic maturity, he created this masterpiece.

Biographical context.

Colocaciones comunes

غذای پخته

گوشت پخته

میوه‌ی پخته

آدم پخته

فکر پخته

طرح پخته

صدای پخته

نثر پخته

تجربه‌ی پخته

رفتار پخته

Frases Comunes

خوب پخته شده

نیم‌پخته

پخته و رسیده

سرد و گرم چشیده و پخته

خیال پخته

سخن پخته

عقل پخته

نان پخته

سیب‌زمینی پخته

مرغ پخته

Se confunde a menudo con

پخته vs رسیده (ripe)

پخته vs داغ (hot)

پخته vs آماده (ready)

Modismos y expresiones

"خیال پخته در سر داشتن (To have mature/serious thoughts)"

"مرغ پخته به خنده آمدن (Something so ridiculous even a cooked chicken would laugh)"

"پخته‌خواری کردن (To live off others' hard work)"

"آدم پخته (A man of experience)"

"حرف پخته زدن (To speak wisely)"

"فکر پخته (A solid plan)"

"از خامی به پختگی رسیدن (To go from naivety to maturity)"

"پخته شدن در کوره حوادث (To be tempered/matured in the furnace of events)"

"میوه پخته (Very ripe fruit)"

"صدای پخته (A seasoned voice)"

Fácil de confundir

پخته vs پختن

پخته vs سوخته

Patrones de oraciones

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Cómo usarlo

nuance

While 'resideh' is for fruit, 'pokhte' implies a more general state of readiness.

caution

Don't use it for 'hot' (temperature).

Errores comunes

Using 'pokhte' for weather temperature.
Confusing 'pokhte' with 'resideh' for crunchy fruits like apples.
Using it for 'age' instead of 'wisdom'.

Consejos

Kitchen Essential

Always check if the meat is 'pokhte' before serving.

Respect

Calling an elder 'pokhte' is a great compliment.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of a 'POT' (sounds like the start of pokhte) on a stove. What's inside is being 'cooked' (pokhte).

Origen de la palabra

From Old Persian root 'pak-' (to cook/ripen), cognate with Sanskrit 'pacati' and Latin 'coquere'.

Contexto cultural

Calling an elder 'pokhte' is a sign of deep respect for their life journey.

Rice must be 'pokhte' but not 'shafteh' (mushy).

Rumi uses 'pokhte' to describe the enlightened state.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Inicios de conversación

"آیا این گوشت خوب پخته شده؟"

"به نظر شما او آدم پخته‌ای است؟"

"چطور می‌توان در زندگی پخته‌تر شد؟"

"شما غذای پخته دوست دارید یا خام؟"

"کدام نویسنده نثر پخته‌تری دارد؟"

Temas para diario

یک تجربه‌ را بنویسید که باعث شد شما پخته‌تر شوید.

تفاوت بین یک آدم پخته و یک آدم خام چیست؟

چرا در آشپزی ایرانی، پخته شدن کامل غذا مهم است؟

Preguntas frecuentes

5 preguntas

No, it also means ripe for fruit and mature for people or ideas.

You would say 'nim-pokhte' for medium or half-cooked.

It is used in all registers, from casual kitchen talk to formal literature.

The primary opposite is 'kham', which means raw or naive.

You say 'khub pokhte' or 'kamelan pokhte'.

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