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B2 adjective 9 min de lectura

تجویزی

tajvizi
Ejemplos تجویزی en 30 segundos
Explicación تجویزی in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'tajvizi' often, but you might see it in a hospital. Think of it as 'doctor's medicine.' If a doctor gives you a paper (prescription) to buy medicine, that medicine is 'tajvizi.' It's a formal word for 'ordered by a doctor.' At this stage, just remember: tajvizi = medicine you need a note for. You won't use it in your daily 'Hello' and 'How are you' conversations, but knowing it helps you understand signs at the pharmacy (darukhaneh). It's an adjective, so it describes the medicine. For example: 'daru-ye tajvizi' (the prescribed medicine). Usually, A1 students learn 'daru' (medicine) first, and 'tajvizi' is the next step for when you visit a doctor in Iran.
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At the A2 level, you start to see 'tajvizi' in more formal health contexts. You might learn that some medicines are 'tajvizi' and others are 'azad' (free/over-the-counter). You can use it in simple sentences like 'In daru tajvizi ast' (This medicine is prescribed). You are also beginning to understand that 'tajviz' means the act of a doctor giving medicine. The word 'tajvizi' is the adjective form. It's useful for reading basic health brochures or understanding what a pharmacist tells you. You might also hear it in very simple classroom rules, though 'dastoori' is more common for A2. Just think of it as something 'official' that someone in authority has told you to do or take.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'tajvizi' beyond just medicine. You will encounter it in educational contexts. For example, a 'tajvizi' curriculum is one where the teacher follows a strict book. You can start using it to describe rules or methods. 'In yek ravesh-e tajvizi ast' (This is a prescriptive method). You are moving from concrete meanings (medicine) to more abstract ones (methods, rules). You should also be able to recognize the root 'tajviz' in verbs like 'tajviz kardan' (to prescribe). This level is where you start to see the word in Iranian newspapers when they talk about social rules or 'prescribed' solutions for problems. It's a step toward more professional and academic Persian.
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At the B2 level, which is the target for this word, you must understand the distinction between 'tajvizi' (prescriptive) and 'tosifi' (descriptive). This is a key concept in linguistics, sociology, and ethics. You should be able to discuss 'prescriptive grammar' and why some people prefer it while others don't. You will use 'tajvizi' to describe policies, academic models, and formal instructions. You should also be comfortable with the 'Ezafe' construction: 'mo'allefeye tajvizi' (prescriptive component). You'll hear this word in documentaries, university lectures, and high-level news analysis. It's no longer just about medicine; it's about a philosophy of how rules and standards are applied in society. You can use it to criticize a policy: 'In negaresh-e tajvizi karamad nist' (This prescriptive outlook is not effective).
At the C1 level, you use 'tajvizi' with nuance in complex academic writing. You might discuss 'Prescriptive Analytics' in business or 'Prescriptive Ethics' in philosophy. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word and can use it to describe subtle power dynamics. For instance, you might write about the 'prescriptive authority' of the state in cultural matters. You can use it in the 'i-ye masdari' form or as part of complex compound adjectives. You are expected to use 'tajvizi' to contrast different theoretical frameworks in a thesis or a professional report. You also recognize when the word is being used sarcastically to describe someone who is being overly dictatorial without having the proper authority.
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At the C2 level, 'tajvizi' is a tool for precise conceptual mapping. You use it in high-level debates about the philosophy of law or linguistic theory. You might analyze the 'prescriptive' vs 'descriptive' nature of the Persian Constitution or the works of the Persian Academy. You can use the word to discuss the 'prescriptive' elements of classical Persian poetry (Aruz). Your usage is indistinguishable from a native scholar. You understand the subtle connotations it carries in different political discourses in Iran—how 'tajviz' from the West is often viewed differently than 'tajviz' from domestic experts. You can use it in highly formal speeches and can explain its relationship to other Arabic-rooted legal terms like 'tajwiz' (legalization) or 'mojaz' (permissible).
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Ejemplos

تجویزی en 30 segundos

  • Means 'prescriptive' or 'prescribed'.
  • Used for medicine ordered by a doctor.
  • Used for rules that dictate 'correct' behavior.
  • Commonly contrasted with 'descriptive' (tosifi).

The Persian word تجویزی (pronounced as /tædʒviːziː/) is a sophisticated adjective primarily used in academic, medical, and formal contexts. At its core, it translates to 'prescriptive' in English. This term is derived from the Arabic root 'j-w-z' (ج-و-ز), which relates to permission, passage, or making something permissible. In the Persian linguistic evolution, this root gave birth to the noun تجویز (tajviz), meaning a 'prescription' or 'recommendation.' When the 'i' suffix is added to create the adjective تجویزی, it describes anything that imposes a rule, a method, or a specific course of action as a standard to be followed.

Medical Context
In everyday life, you will most frequently encounter this word in a pharmacy or a doctor's office. It refers to 'prescribed' medications. For example, 'داروهای تجویزی' (prescribed drugs) are those that require a formal order from a licensed physician, distinguishing them from over-the-counter (OTC) medicines.

پزشک مصرف داروهای تجویزی را برای بهبود سریع بیمار الزامی دانست.

Translation: The doctor considered the consumption of prescribed medicines necessary for the patient's rapid recovery.
Linguistic Context
In the study of language, 'تجویزی' refers to 'prescriptive grammar' (دستور تجویزی). This is an approach that dictates how people *should* speak or write according to specific rules of 'correctness,' rather than describing how they actually use the language in real life. This is a common topic in Persian literature and linguistics classes at the B2 level and above.
Administrative and Legal Context
In policy-making, a 'prescriptive approach' (رویکرد تجویزی) refers to regulations that specify exactly how a goal must be achieved, leaving little room for discretion. This is often contrasted with 'performance-based' or 'descriptive' approaches.

این آیین‌نامه دارای ماهیت تجویزی است و تمام جزئیات را دیکته می‌کند.

Translation: This regulation has a prescriptive nature and dictates all the details.

Furthermore, the word is used in management and philosophy to describe models that tell you what to do (prescriptive models) versus models that explain what is happening (descriptive models). In modern Persian discourse, it can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation if the speaker feels that the 'prescription' is overly rigid or ignores the complexities of reality. For instance, a 'prescriptive solution' (راهکار تجویزی) might be criticized for being a 'one-size-fits-all' approach that doesn't fit the local context.

ما به جای مدل‌های تجویزی، به تحلیل‌های واقع‌گرایانه نیاز داریم.

Translation: Instead of prescriptive models, we need realistic analyses.

فهرست کالاهای تجویزی توسط دولت اعلام شد.

Translation: The list of goods prescribed by the government was announced.

Using the word تجویزی correctly requires an understanding of Persian adjective placement and its semantic range. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'Ezafe' construction (a short 'e' sound). For example, to say 'prescriptive grammar,' you say dastoor-e tajvizi. Let's explore how this word functions across different sentence structures and formal registers.

As an Attributive Adjective
This is its most common form. It directly describes a noun. In academic writing, you might see phrases like 'نظریه‌های تجویزی' (prescriptive theories). These are theories that propose how things *ought* to be rather than how they are.

منتقدین بر این باورند که این سیاست‌های تجویزی با واقعیت‌های جامعه همخوانی ندارند.

Translation: Critics believe that these prescriptive policies do not align with the realities of society.
In Contrastive Structures
'تجویزی' is almost always the antonym of 'توصیفی' (tosifi - descriptive). Using these together in a sentence is a hallmark of high-level Persian academic discourse. For example: 'ما باید بین زبان‌شناسی توصیفی و تجویزی تفاوت قائل شویم' (We must distinguish between descriptive and prescriptive linguistics).
In the Context of Prescribed Solutions
When a consultant or an expert provides a set of steps to solve a problem, those steps are described as 'تجویزی'. This usage is common in business and psychology. 'نسخه‌های تجویزی برای اقتصاد' (prescriptive formulas for the economy) refers to specific measures dictated by experts.

او همیشه به دنبال راه‌حل‌های تجویزی و سریع برای مشکلات پیچیده است.

Translation: He is always looking for prescriptive and quick solutions for complex problems.

In more complex sentences, 'تجویزی' can modify abstract concepts like 'authority' (اقتدار تجویزی) or 'ethics' (اخلاق تجویزی). In 'prescriptive ethics,' the focus is on establishing norms of behavior. Persian writers use this word to signify a top-down approach. If you want to sound more formal in your writing, replace 'دستوری' (dastoori - command-like) with 'تجویزی' when discussing rules or methods, as it sounds more professional and precise.

جامعه‌شناسان از نقش تجویزی نهادهای سنتی در دنیای مدرن می‌گویند.

Translation: Sociologists speak of the prescriptive role of traditional institutions in the modern world.

آیا این یک پیشنهاد است یا یک دستور تجویزی؟

Translation: Is this a suggestion or a prescriptive command?

While تجویزی might not be used while buying bread at the local 'nanva'i', it is ubiquitous in several specific spheres of Iranian life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word when you hear it on the news, in a lecture, or at a clinic.

News and Political Analysis
Iranian news anchors and political commentators frequently use this word when discussing international relations or economic policies. You might hear about 'نسخه‌های تجویزی صندوق بین‌المللی پول' (The IMF's prescriptive formulas). In this context, it often carries a tone of skepticism, implying that external powers are 'prescribing' solutions for Iran without understanding its unique situation.

گزارشگر گفت که رویکرد تجویزی در مذاکرات به نتیجه نخواهد رسید.

Translation: The reporter said that a prescriptive approach in negotiations will not yield results.
Academic Lectures and Universities
If you attend a social science, linguistics, or philosophy lecture at the University of Tehran, 'تجویزی' will be a staple. Professors use it to categorize theories. For instance, in 'Educational Sciences,' they talk about 'curriculum models' that are either prescriptive (telling teachers exactly what to do) or descriptive (allowing for flexibility).
Healthcare and Medicine
In the medical world, 'تجویزی' is the formal way to say 'on prescription.' While people might say 'daru-ye noskhe-yi' in very casual speech, 'daru-ye tajvizi' is the standard term used on medicine packaging, in health insurance documents, and by medical professionals.

بیمه هزینه داروهای غیر تجویزی را پرداخت نمی‌کند.

Translation: Insurance does not pay for non-prescribed (OTC) medicines.

You will also hear it in the context of 'Prescriptive Analytics' (تحلیل‌های تجویزی) in modern Iranian tech and business circles. This refers to the use of technology to help businesses decide what course of action to take. As Iran's tech sector grows, these types of technical Persian terms are becoming more common in podcasts and business journals like 'Donya-e-Eqtesad'.

در این کارگاه، ما بر متدهای تجویزی برای مدیریت بحران تمرکز می‌کنیم.

Translation: In this workshop, we focus on prescriptive methods for crisis management.

او از لحن تجویزی رئیسش خسته شده بود.

Translation: He was tired of his boss's prescriptive (authoritarian) tone.

Learners of Persian often struggle with تجویزی because it overlaps with other words related to rules, suggestions, and requirements. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Persian sound more natural and precise.

Confusing 'Tajvizi' with 'Ejbari'
'Ejbari' (اجباری) means 'mandatory' or 'compulsory.' While something 'prescriptive' often must be followed, the focus of 'tajvizi' is on the *specification* of the method, whereas 'ejbari' focuses on the *necessity* of the action. For example, military service is 'ejbari,' but a specific grammar rule is 'tajvizi'.

اشتباه: سربازی یک امر تجویزی است. (درست: اجباری)

Explanation: Military service is mandatory (ejbari), not just 'prescriptive' in the academic sense.
Confusing 'Tajvizi' with 'Tosiye'i'
'Tosiye'i' (توصیه‌ای) means 'recommendatory' or 'suggestive.' This is the opposite of 'tajvizi' in terms of authority. A 'tajvizi' rule is a standard to be met, while a 'tosiye'i' one is just a friendly suggestion. Using 'tajvizi' for a casual tip makes you sound overly bossy.
Misusing the Ezafe with 'Tajvizi'
Because 'تجویزی' ends in a long 'i' (ی), many learners forget to add the 'ye' glide before the Ezafe. It should be 'tajvizi-ye' (تجویزیِ), not just 'tajvizi' followed by the next word. For example, 'metod-e tajvizi-ye u' (his prescriptive method).

اشتباه: دارو تجویزی دکتر. (درست: دارویِ تجویزیِ دکتر)

Explanation: You need the Ezafe (the 'e' sound) to link the medicine to 'prescriptive' and then to 'doctor'.

Another mistake is using 'تجویزی' when you actually mean 'قانونی' (qanuni - legal). While laws are prescriptive, 'tajvizi' is more about the *nature* of the instruction. Finally, avoid using it for physical objects unless they are inherently linked to an instruction (like medicine). You wouldn't call a 'prescribed uniform' a 'lebas-e tajvizi'; you would likely use 'lebas-e form' or 'lebas-e dastoori'.

در متون علمی، نباید تجویزی را با توصیفی اشتباه گرفت.

Translation: In scientific texts, one should not confuse 'prescriptive' with 'descriptive'.

او به جای توصیف واقعیت، به بیان نظرات تجویزی پرداخت.

Translation: Instead of describing reality, he proceeded to express prescriptive opinions.

To truly master تجویزی, you should understand its synonyms and how they differ in register and nuance. Persian is a language rich in synonyms, often having both a Persian-rooted and an Arabic-rooted option for the same concept.

تجویزی vs. دستوری (Dastoori)
'Dastoori' is the most common synonym. It comes from 'dastoor' (order/grammar). While 'tajvizi' sounds more academic and clinical, 'dastoori' can feel more direct. In linguistics, they are used almost interchangeably, but 'tajvizi' is the preferred academic term for 'prescriptive'.

اقتصاد تجویزی (Prescriptive Economics) vs. اقتصاد دستوری (Command Economics).

Nuance: 'Prescriptive economics' is a theoretical category, while 'command economics' is a political system.
تجویزی vs. آمرانه (Ameraneh)
'Ameraneh' means 'authoritarian' or 'imperative.' If someone is giving 'tajvizi' orders, they are following a system. If they are being 'ameraneh,' they are being bossy or dictatorial. 'Ameraneh' is often used to describe a person's tone of voice.
تجویزی vs. تکلیفی (Taklifi)
'Taklifi' relates to religious or legal obligations (duty). While a 'tajvizi' rule tells you *how* to do something, a 'taklifi' rule tells you that you *must* do it as a matter of duty. 'Taklifi' is very common in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh).

If you are looking for an alternative in a medical context, you might use 'با نسخه' (ba noskhe - with prescription). In a more general sense, 'توصیه‌ای' (tosiye'i) is a softer alternative. If you want to emphasize that something is a 'rule,' you could use 'مقرراتی' (moqarrarati). However, none of these perfectly capture the academic essence of 'prescriptive' like 'تجویزی' does.

او لحنی تجویزی داشت که همه را معذب می‌کرد.

Translation: He had a prescriptive tone that made everyone uncomfortable.

این کتاب یک راهنمای تجویزی برای نویسندگان است.

Translation: This book is a prescriptive guide for writers.
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Ejemplos por nivel

1

این داروی تجویزی است.

This is a prescribed medicine.

Simple subject + noun + adjective + verb.

2

دکتر داروهای تجویزی را نوشت.

The doctor wrote the prescribed medicines.

Direct object with 'ra'.

3

آیا این قرص تجویزی است؟

Is this pill prescribed?

Question form.

4

من داروهای تجویزی را خوردم.

I took (ate) the prescribed medicines.

Past tense 'khordam'.

5

داروی تجویزی گران است.

The prescribed medicine is expensive.

Adjective 'geran' (expensive).

6

او به داروهای تجویزی نیاز دارد.

He needs the prescribed medicines.

Verb 'niyaz dashtan' (to need).

7

داروخانه داروهای تجویزی دارد.

The pharmacy has the prescribed medicines.

Subject 'darukhaneh'.

8

این یک لیست تجویزی است.

This is a prescriptive list.

Indefinite 'yek'.

1

پزشک از من خواست داروهای تجویزی را بموقع بخورم.

The doctor asked me to take the prescribed medicines on time.

Subjunctive 'bokhoram'.

2

شما نباید داروهای غیر تجویزی را زیاد مصرف کنید.

You should not consume non-prescribed medicines too much.

Negative modal 'nabayad'.

3

این کتاب یک روش تجویزی برای یادگیری دارد.

This book has a prescriptive method for learning.

Adjective modifying 'ravesh' (method).

4

آیا این قانون تجویزی است یا اختیاری؟

Is this rule prescriptive or optional?

Contrastive question.

5

والدین من همیشه نظرات تجویزی می‌دهند.

My parents always give prescriptive opinions.

Plural noun 'nazarat'.

6

او دستورهای تجویزی معلم را دنبال کرد.

He followed the teacher's prescriptive instructions.

Ezafe with 'mo'allem'.

7

ما به دنبال یک برنامه تجویزی هستیم.

We are looking for a prescriptive program.

Present continuous 'hastim'.

8

این داروهای تجویزی برای سرماخوردگی است.

These prescribed medicines are for a cold.

Preposition 'baraye'.

1

در بسیاری از مدارس، برنامه‌های درسی کاملاً تجویزی هستند.

In many schools, curricula are completely prescriptive.

Adverb 'kamelan' (completely).

2

نویسنده از رویکرد تجویزی در کتاب خود استفاده کرده است.

The author has used a prescriptive approach in his book.

Present perfect 'estefade karde ast'.

3

دولت لیست جدیدی از کالاهای تجویزی را منتشر کرد.

The government published a new list of prescribed goods.

Compound verb 'montasher kardan'.

4

او ترجیح می‌دهد به جای مدل‌های تجویزی، آزادانه عمل کند.

He prefers to act freely instead of using prescriptive models.

Prepositional phrase 'be jaye'.

5

این راهنمای تجویزی به شما می‌گوید چطور موفق شوید.

This prescriptive guide tells you how to succeed.

Relative clause 'chetor...'.

6

بیمارستان پروتکل‌های تجویزی سختی دارد.

The hospital has strict prescriptive protocols.

Plural adjective 'sakht' (strict).

7

چرا اینقدر با لحن تجویزی با من صحبت می‌کنی؟

Why are you talking to me with such a prescriptive tone?

Interrogative 'chera'.

8

مدیر شرکت یک ساختار تجویزی برای کارمندان ایجاد کرد.

The company manager created a prescriptive structure for the employees.

Subject-Object-Verb order.

1

زبان‌شناسی تجویزی سعی در تعیین استانداردهای درست‌نویسی دارد.

Prescriptive linguistics tries to determine standards for correct writing.

Infinitive 'ta'yin' (determining).

2

برخلاف علوم توصیفی، علوم تجویزی به دنبال 'بایدها' هستند.

Unlike descriptive sciences, prescriptive sciences seek 'oughts' (shoulds).

Contrastive 'barkhalaf-e'.

3

این مقاله به نقد ماهیت تجویزی قوانین مدرن می‌پردازد.

This article deals with the critique of the prescriptive nature of modern laws.

Verb 'pardakhtan be' (to deal with).

4

در مدیریت، مدل‌های تجویزی مسیر دقیق تصمیم‌گیری را مشخص می‌کنند.

In management, prescriptive models specify the exact path of decision-making.

Ezafe chain.

5

او از این که همه چیز در زندگی‌اش تجویزی باشد متنفر است.

He hates for everything in his life to be prescriptive.

Complex clause with 'az in ke'.

6

آیا اخلاق تجویزی می‌تواند در جوامع متکثر کارایی داشته باشد؟

Can prescriptive ethics be effective in pluralistic societies?

Question with 'aya'.

7

بسیاری از مشاوران اقتصادی نسخه‌های تجویزی یکسانی برای همه کشورها دارند.

Many economic consultants have the same prescriptive formulas for all countries.

Adjective 'yeksan' (identical).

8

فرهنگستان زبان، نقشی تجویزی در واژه‌گزینی ایفا می‌کند.

The Language Academy plays a prescriptive role in word selection.

Idiomatic 'naqsh ifa kardan'.

1

پارادایم‌های تجویزی در نظریه سیاسی بر فضیلت‌های اخلاقی تأکید دارند.

Prescriptive paradigms in political theory emphasize moral virtues.

Plural 'paradaim-ha'.

2

تحلیل‌های تجویزی در کلان‌داده‌ها به پیش‌بینی رفتار مصرف‌کننده کمک می‌کنند.

Prescriptive analytics in big data help predict consumer behavior.

Technical term 'kalan-dadeha'.

3

غلبه نگاه تجویزی بر پژوهش‌های علمی می‌تواند مانع نوآوری شود.

The dominance of a prescriptive outlook on scientific research can hinder innovation.

Noun 'ghalabeh' (dominance).

4

او در رساله خود به تبیین تمایز میان حقوق تجویزی و توصیفی پرداخت.

In his thesis, he proceeded to explain the distinction between prescriptive and descriptive law.

Formal verb 'tabyin' (explanation).

5

رویکرد تجویزی دولت در بازار ارز باعث بی‌ثباتی شده است.

The government's prescriptive approach in the currency market has caused instability.

Cause and effect structure.

6

منتقدان ادبی از چارچوب‌های تجویزی خشک در نقد کلاسیک دوری می‌کنند.

Literary critics avoid rigid prescriptive frameworks in classical criticism.

Verb 'duri kardan' (to avoid).

7

این سیستم هوشمند، اقدامات تجویزی را بر اساس داده‌های لحظه‌ای ارائه می‌دهد.

This intelligent system provides prescriptive actions based on real-time data.

Compound adjective 'lahze-i'.

8

در فلسفه هنر، معیارهای تجویزی زیبایی‌شناسی همواره مورد بحث بوده‌اند.

In the philosophy of art, prescriptive aesthetic criteria have always been debated.

Passive voice 'mored-e bahs budan'.

1

هرمنوتیک تجویزی در پی کشف معنای غایی و تحمیل آن بر متن است.

Prescriptive hermeneutics seeks to discover the ultimate meaning and impose it on the text.

Advanced vocabulary 'hermenutik'.

2

تقلیل مسائل پیچیده اجتماعی به الگوهای تجویزی، خطایی معرفت‌شناختی است.

Reducing complex social issues to prescriptive patterns is an epistemological error.

Gerund 'taqlil' (reduction).

3

پویایی زبان در تقابل با ساختارهای تجویزی صلب، هویت فرهنگی را شکل می‌دهد.

The dynamism of language in opposition to rigid prescriptive structures shapes cultural identity.

Abstract noun 'puyayi'.

4

حکمرانی تجویزی در عصر اطلاعات با چالش‌های مشروعیت مواجه شده است.

Prescriptive governance in the information age has faced challenges of legitimacy.

Complex noun phrase.

5

او بر این باور است که ساحت قدسی دین نباید با قرائت‌های تجویزی صرف محدود شود.

He believes that the sacred realm of religion should not be limited by purely prescriptive interpretations.

Subjunctive 'mahdud shavad'.

6

در نظریه بازی‌ها، استراتژی‌های تجویزی برای بهینه‌سازی سود به کار می‌روند.

In game theory, prescriptive strategies are used to optimize profit.

Passive 'be kar miravand'.

7

تصلب نگاه تجویزی در آموزش و پرورش، مانع رشد تفکر انتقادی است.

The rigidity of the prescriptive outlook in education is a barrier to the growth of critical thinking.

Noun 'tasallob' (rigidity).

8

این پژوهش به واکاوی ریشه‌های تجویزی در فقه سیاسی معاصر می‌پردازد.

This research explores the prescriptive roots in contemporary political jurisprudence.

Sophisticated verb 'vakavi' (exploration).

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