Comparar cosas (más grande, más caro)
-er y more para comparar dos cosas con confianza y hacer tu inglés más dinámico: taller, more expensive, better.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use comparatives to describe the difference between two people, places, or things using '-er' or 'more'.
- Add '-er' to short words (1 syllable), like 'fast' to 'faster'.
- Use 'more' before long words (2+ syllables), like 'more beautiful'.
- Always use 'than' to connect the two things you are comparing.
Overview
-er) y otra parte recibió influencia del francés y el latín (por eso se usa la palabra more delante de palabras largas). Al principio puede parecer un poco lío, pero en realidad sigue una lógica fonética: se trata de qué es más fácil y rápido de pronunciar para ellos.How This Grammar Works
- 1Añadir
-eral final: Esto se hace generalmente con los adjetivos cortos (de una sílaba). Es como si la palabra 'más' se fusionara al final del adjetivo.Tall(alto) se convierte entaller(más alto). - 2Usar
moreantes: Esto se hace con los adjetivos largos (de dos o más sílabas). Esto se parece mucho más a nuestro español.Expensive(caro) se convierte enmore expensive(más caro).
than. ¡Ojo!than con that. Than es *específicamente* para comparaciones.Sujeto 1 + verbo + adjetivo comparativo + than + Sujeto 2-er) o 'largo' (y ponerle more). Esta decisión se basa principalmente en la fonética, es decir, en cómo suena la palabra y cuántas sílabas tiene. Lo hacen para que la lengua fluya mejor; decir interestinger sería larguísimo y difícil de pronunciar, por eso prefieren more interesting.Formation Pattern
-er al final. Esta es la forma más antigua y germánica del inglés.
tall (alto) | taller | My brother is taller than my sister. | Mi hermano es más alto que mi hermana. |
cold (frío) | colder | It’s colder today than it was yesterday. | Hoy hace más frío que ayer. |
fast (rápido) | faster | This new car goes faster than the old model. | Este coche nuevo va más rápido que el modelo viejo. |
cheap (barato) | cheaper | This café is cheaper than the one in the center. | Esta cafetería es más barata que la del centro. |
-e: Solo tienes que añadir una -r. No dupliques la e. Esto es por pura estética y economía de la escritura. Large no se convierte en largeer, sino en larger.
nice (agradable/bonito) → nicer (e.g., This hotel is nicer than the last one.) - Este hotel es más bonito que el último.
late (tarde) → later (e.g., Let's meet later than usual.) - Quedemos más tarde de lo habitual.
big), tienes que duplicar la última consonante antes de añadir -er. ¿Por qué? Para proteger el sonido de la vocal corta original. Si no duplicáramos la 'g', la 'i' de big podría empezar a sonar larga (como la 'i' de 'hielo' en inglés, /ai/).
big (grande) → bigger (con doble 'g') (e.g., The elephant is bigger than the tiger.) - El elefante es más grande que el tigre.
hot (caliente/calor) → hotter (con doble 't') (e.g., The kitchen is hotter than the living room.) - La cocina está más caliente que el salón.
thin (delgado) → thinner (con doble 'n') (e.g., He looks thinner after his holiday.) - Se le ve más delgado después de sus vacaciones.
-y
y (un sonido que en inglés actúa a veces como vocal), seguimos la regla de los adjetivos cortos, pero con un pequeño cambio ortográfico: cambiamos la y por una i y luego añadimos -er. Imagínate escribir happyer, ¡a un angloparlante le dolerían los ojos al verlo!
happy (feliz) | happier | She looks much happier now. | Ella se ve mucho más feliz ahora. |
easy (fácil) | easier | This exercise is easier than I expected. | Este ejercicio es más fácil de lo que esperaba. |
busy (ocupado) | busier | The city is busier on Saturdays. | La ciudad está más concurrida/ocupada los sábados. |
dirty (sucio) | dirtier | My shoes are dirtier than yours. | Mis zapatos están más sucios que los tuyos. |
-y) y adjetivos de tres o más sílabas (Adjetivos largos)
more (que significa 'más') *delante* del adjetivo. El adjetivo no cambia en absoluto.
expensive (caro) | more expensive | Your jacket is more expensive than mine. | Tu chaqueta es más cara que la mía. |
interesting (interesante) | more interesting | This book is more interesting than the film. | Este libro es más interesante que la película. |
difficult (difícil) | more difficult | Learning Japanese is more difficult than learning English. | Aprender japonés es más difícil que aprender inglés. |
beautiful (hermoso) | more beautiful | The sunset here is more beautiful than anywhere else. | La puesta de sol aquí es más hermosa que en cualquier otro lugar. |
-y) que, a veces, aceptan las dos formas, tanto -er como more. Ejemplos comunes son clever (inteligente) -> cleverer o more clever, simple (simple) -> simpler o more simple, quiet (silencioso/tranquilo) -> quieter o more quiet. Ambas formas se escuchan y son correctas. Sin embargo, para ti que estás en un nivel A2, mi consejo de amigo es que para *cualquier* adjetivo de dos sílabas que no termine en -y, uses more. Es la opción más segura, la que siempre será correcta y la que más se parece a tu español.
good (bueno) | better | This restaurant has better food. | Este restaurante tiene mejor comida. |
bad (malo) | worse | The weather is worse today. | El tiempo es peor hoy. |
far (lejos) | farther / further | My house is farther from the center. | Mi casa está más lejos del centro. |
much/many (mucho/s) | more | I have more questions. | Tengo más preguntas. |
little (poco/pequeño) | less | I have less time than before. | Tengo menos tiempo que antes. |
farther y further: aunque a menudo se usan indistintamente en el habla informal para hablar de distancia física, tradicionalmente farther se refiere *solo* a distancia física medible (The station is farther than the shop), mientras que further se puede usar para distancia física pero es mucho más común para distancia abstracta o metafórica, o para significar 'adicional' (We need to discuss this further - Necesitamos discutir esto más a fondo / Do you have any further information? - ¿Tienes alguna información adicional?).
When To Use It
the biggest, the most expensive), que aprenderás más adelante.- Para expresar una preferencia u opinión: Cuando te gusta una cosa más que otra, o crees que una opción es superior. Imagina que estás con tus amigos decidiendo qué cenar. Podrías decir:
I like pizza better than pasta.(Me gusta la pizza mejor que la pasta, o prefiero la pizza a la pasta).This city is more exciting than my hometown.(Esta ciudad es más emocionante que mi ciudad natal).
- Para describir cambios a lo largo del tiempo: Para indicar cómo algo ha evolucionado o cambiado de un momento a otro. Esto es muy útil para hablar del clima o de ti mismo. Por ejemplo:
The weather is colder than last week.(El tiempo es más frío que la semana pasada).She is more confident than she used to be.(Ella tiene más confianza que antes).
- Para contrastar cualidades de dos sustantivos: Comparando directamente atributos entre dos sujetos. Útil en el mercado o de compras:
This apple is redder than that one.(Esta manzana es más roja que esa).His car is older than mine.(Su coche es más viejo que el mío).
- Para comparar la forma en que se realizan dos acciones: Aquí estamos comparando adverbios (palabras que describen cómo hacemos algo), pero la regla de
-erymorees la misma. Por ejemplo, en el trabajo: He works harder than his colleague.(Él trabaja más duro/fuerte que su colega).She sings more beautifully than anyone I know.(Ella canta más hermosamente que nadie que conozca).
than es un gran indicador de que estás ante una frase comparativa, ya que conecta los dos elementos que estás contrastando.than) se omite si está totalmente claro por el contexto. Por ejemplo, si un amigo te ve cansado y al día siguiente te pregunta: Are you feeling better? (¿Te sientes mejor?), no necesita añadir than yesterday because se sobreentiende.Common Mistakes
more con adjetivos cortosmore big, more fast o more tall. ¡Recuerda! Los adjetivos cortos son perezosos y prefieren absorber la forma comparativa al final con un simple -er.This house is more big than mine. (Nuestro cerebro traduce: 'Esta casa es más grande que la mía').This house is bigger than mine.-er, siempre usamos la palabra 'más' separada.more y *también* añades -er. Esto suena súper redundante e incorrecto para un nativo, como si en español dijeras 'más mejor'.He is more taller than his father.He is taller than his father.tall es corto y lleva -er, pero tu cerebro hispanohablante insiste en que necesitas una palabra que signifique 'más', así que añades more por si acaso. ¡Confía en el -er!that en lugar de thanthat, which, what, than). En el 90% de los casos, 'que' se traduce como that (por ejemplo: I know that... -> Yo sé que...). Sin embargo, para comparaciones, el 'que' inglés es *única y exclusivamente* than.This book is better that the film.This book is better than the film.That suena un poco parecido a 'que', y como es la traducción más común, la usamos por defecto. Memoriza: Comparación = than.Contrast With Similar Patterns
Madrid is bigger than Toledo. | Madrid es más grande que Toledo. |Madrid is the biggest city in Spain. | Madrid es la ciudad más grande de España. |My car is faster than yours. (Mi coche es más rápido que el tuyo).My car is as fast as yours. (Mi coche es tan rápido como el tuyo).less antes de *cualquier* adjetivo (corto o largo, sin cambiarlo) y luego than. Es la estructura opuesta a more... than.This phone is less expensive than that one. (Este teléfono es menos caro que ese).The film was less interesting than the book. (La película fue menos interesante que el libro).Quick FAQ
Tall (1 sílaba, 1 palmada), hap-py (2 sílabas, 2 palmadas), in-te-res-ting (4 sílabas, 4 palmadas). Si tienes dudas, consulta un diccionario online; siempre indican la división silábica.more con adjetivos cortos si quiero enfatizar mucho?much (mucho) o a lot (un montón). Por ejemplo: This car is much faster than that one (Este coche es mucho más rápido que ese) o Learning English is a lot easier than I thought (Aprender inglés es un montón más fácil de lo que pensaba).cheap es cheaper, lo usas para todo:This shirt is cheaper.(Esta camisa es más barata).These shirts are cheaper.(Estas camisas son más baratas). ¡Súper fácil!
than y cuándo then?Than(con 'a') es *exclusivamente* para comparaciones.Taller than...(más alto que...).Then(con 'e') se refiere al tiempo o al orden secuencial de las cosas. Significa 'entonces', 'luego' o 'después'. Por ejemplo:I went to the supermarket, then I went home.(Fui al supermercado, luego me fui a casa).
Comparative Formation Rules
| Adjective Type | Rule | Example Adjective | Comparative Form |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 Syllable
|
Add -er
|
Fast
|
Faster
|
|
1 Syllable (CVC)
|
Double consonant + -er
|
Big
|
Bigger
|
|
1 Syllable (ends in e)
|
Add -r
|
Nice
|
Nicer
|
|
2 Syllables (ends in y)
|
y -> i + -er
|
Happy
|
Happier
|
|
2+ Syllables
|
Use 'more'
|
Expensive
|
More expensive
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Good
|
Better
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Bad
|
Worse
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Far
|
Further/Farther
|
Meanings
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared.
Superiority (More)
To show that one thing has a higher quality or degree of a trait than another.
“This book is more interesting than the last one.”
“She is taller than her brother.”
Inferiority (Less)
To show that one thing has a lower quality or degree of a trait.
“This phone is less expensive than that one.”
“The movie was less exciting than the trailer.”
Equality (As...as)
To show that two things are equal in a specific quality.
“He is as tall as his father.”
“This cake is as delicious as the one you made.”
Reference Table
| Tipo de Adjetivo | Regla | Adjetivo | Forma Comparativa | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Una sílaba
|
Añade -er
|
tall
|
taller
|
She is taller than her sister.
|
|
Una sílaba (termina en e)
|
Añade -r
|
nice
|
nicer
|
This climate is nicer than mine.
|
|
Una sílaba (CVC)
|
Doble consonante + -er
|
big
|
bigger
|
My car is bigger than yours.
|
|
Dos sílabas (termina en y)
|
Cambia y por i + -er
|
happy
|
happier
|
I feel happier today.
|
|
Dos o más sílabas
|
Usa more + adjetivo
|
expensive
|
more expensive
|
This phone is more expensive.
|
|
Irregular
|
Forma especial
|
good
|
better
|
This coffee tastes better.
|
|
Irregular
|
Forma especial
|
bad
|
worse
|
The traffic is worse today.
|
Espectro de formalidad
The first candidate appears to be more experienced than the second. (Hiring process)
The first person has more experience than the second one. (Hiring process)
The first guy is more experienced. (Hiring process)
The first one's got way more street cred. (Hiring process)
Mapa de Adjetivos Comparativos
Adjetivos Cortos (1 sílaba)
- tall taller
- big bigger
- cold colder
2 Sílabas (terminan en -y)
- happy happier
- easy easier
- funny funnier
Adjetivos Largos (2+ sílabas)
- expensive more expensive
- interesting more interesting
- beautiful more beautiful
Formas Irregulares
- good better
- bad worse
Formación: -er vs. More
Cómo formar un comparativo
¿Es de una sílaba (ej. 'tall')?
¿Es de dos sílabas y termina en -y (ej. 'happy')?
¿Tiene dos o más sílabas (ej. 'expensive')?
Ejemplos por Categoría
Regla -er
- • tall > taller
- • hot > hotter
- • nice > nicer
- • pretty > prettier
Regla More
- • important > more important
- • delicious > more delicious
- • difficult > more difficult
- • popular > more popular
Irregulares
- • good > better
- • bad > worse
- • far > farther
- • little > less
Frases comunes
- • bigger than
- • more expensive than
- • easier than
- • better than
Ejemplos por nivel
My cat is smaller than your dog.
My cat is smaller than your dog.
I am taller than my sister.
I am taller than my sister.
This car is faster.
This car is faster.
Tea is hotter than water.
Tea is hotter than water.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
Your English is better than last year.
Your English is better than last year.
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
He is taller than I am.
He is taller than I am.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Fácil de confundir
Learners use superlatives (best, biggest) when only comparing two things.
These words sound similar but have completely different meanings.
Using both 'more' and '-er' on the same adjective.
Errores comunes
He is more tall than me.
He is taller than me.
This is more better.
This is better.
I am taller that him.
I am taller than him.
My car is biger than yours.
My car is bigger than yours.
It is more easy now.
It is easier now.
She is more happy than before.
She is happier than before.
This is badder than that.
This is worse than that.
The movie was less better than I thought.
The movie was not as good as I thought.
He is more taller.
He is much taller.
I have more few books than you.
I have fewer books than you.
He is the taller of the three.
He is the tallest of the three.
It's getting more and more hot.
It's getting hotter and hotter.
I prefer tea than coffee.
I prefer tea to coffee.
Patrones de oraciones
My ___ is ___er than yours.
This ___ is more ___ than that one.
I think ___ is better than ___.
The ___er it is, the more ___ it becomes.
Real World Usage
This model is much quieter than the previous version.
I am looking for a more challenging role.
I'm looking for someone taller than 6 feet.
This SUV is safer and more reliable for families.
Tomorrow will be colder and windier than today.
Is there a cheaper flight available?
Escucha las sílabas
It is colder today.
¡Evita el doble comparativo!
more bigger, solo usa una regla a la vez. Di simplemente: My house is bigger.
Practica con 'than'
I am faster than you.
Comparativos en la música
Stronger de Kanye West es un ejemplo clásico.Usa intensificadores
This is much more expensive.
Smart Tips
Always change the 'y' to 'i' before adding '-er'. It works for happy, busy, easy, and crazy!
Use 'much' or 'a bit' to show the size of the difference.
In casual English, we use 'than me' or 'than him'. In very formal English, we use 'than I am' or 'than he is'.
Use 'the [comparative] one' to choose between two items without repeating the noun.
Pronunciación
The Schwa sound in '-er'
The '-er' ending is almost always pronounced as a weak schwa /ə/. Do not stress it.
Linking 'than'
The word 'than' is usually reduced to /ðən/ and links to the following word.
Comparison Stress
This one is BIGGER than that one.
Stress the comparative adjective to emphasize the difference.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Short words get 'er' (like a motor), long words get 'more' (like a crowd).
Asociación visual
Imagine a tiny mouse with a long tail shaped like the letters 'ER' standing next to a giant elephant wearing a shirt that says 'MORE'.
Rhyme
Short gets -er, long gets more, use 'than' to settle the score!
Story
A small ant (Short) wanted to be a runner, so he became 'faster'. A beautiful butterfly (Long) didn't want to change her name, so she just became 'more beautiful'. They both had to cross the 'Than' bridge to finish the race.
Word Web
Desafío
Look around your room. Find two objects and say three sentences comparing them out loud (e.g., 'The lamp is taller than the book').
Notas culturales
Americans often use 'farther' for physical distance and 'further' for metaphorical distance. British speakers often use 'further' for both.
In Japanese culture, direct comparisons can sometimes be seen as too blunt. In English, however, they are expected and necessary for clarity.
German speakers may find the English use of 'more' for long adjectives similar to their own 'mehr', but must remember that German also uses suffixes for almost all adjectives.
The '-er' suffix comes from the Old English '-ra', which was used to form comparatives in Germanic languages.
Inicios de conversación
Which is better: living in a big city or a small village?
Compare your current phone with your previous one.
Is it better to be a student or an employee?
How has your life changed in the last five years?
Temas para diario
Errores comunes
Test Yourself
Score: /3
Ejercicios de practica
8 exercisesMy house is ___ (big) than yours.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
This coffee is more better than the one I had yesterday.
than / is / My / faster / car / yours
Match the following:
I am taller ___ my father.
Pick the irregular comparative.
This book is ___ (interesting) than the movie.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThis bed is much ___ (comfortable) than the old one.
Elige la oración correcta:
Living in the city is excitinger than the countryside.
Traduce al inglés: 'El examen fue más difícil de lo que pensaba.'
Ordena las palabras:
This path is ___ (narrow) than the main road.
Une los adjetivos con sus comparativos:
Our team's presentation was gooder than theirs.
Elige la opción correcta:
Traduce: 'Mi bicicleta es más vieja que la tuya.'
Ordena la frase:
Une las parejas:
Score: /12
Preguntas frecuentes (8)
Double the last letter for one-syllable words that end in a single vowel + single consonant (like `big` -> `bigger`, `hot` -> `hotter`). Do not double it if there are two vowels (like `cheap` -> `cheaper`).
Both are correct! In American English, `farther` is usually for physical distance and `further` is for metaphorical distance (like 'further information'). In British English, `further` is common for both.
Both are actually correct! Some two-syllable words like `clever`, `simple`, and `narrow` can take either form, though `-er` is more traditional.
Because `better` already means 'more good'. Saying `more better` is like saying 'more more good', which is redundant and incorrect in standard English.
`Than` is for comparing things (He is taller `than` me). `Then` is for time or sequences (I went home, `then` I ate dinner).
Use the structure `as + adjective + as`. For example, 'I am `as tall as` my brother.'
Yes! For example, 'He runs `faster` than me' or 'She speaks `more clearly` than her friend.' The rules for syllables are the same.
You can use `less + adjective + than`. For example, 'This phone is `less expensive` than that one.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
más + adjective + que
English has two systems (-er and more), while Spanish only has one (más).
plus + adjective + que
French never changes the ending of the adjective to mean 'more'.
adjective + -er + als
German uses the suffix for almost all adjectives, whereas English switches to 'more' for long ones.
A no hou ga B yori [adj]
Japanese grammar structure for comparison is completely different from the English SVO structure.
Elative form (Af'al)
Arabic uses a morphological internal change rather than a simple suffix or prefix.
A bǐ B + adjective
Chinese has no inflection or 'more' equivalent within the comparative sentence.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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