مقارنة الأشياء (أكبر، أغلى)
-er للصفات القصيرة و more للصفات الطويلة، وهذا سيجعل لغتك الإنجليزية more dynamic و more expressive.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use comparatives to describe the difference between two people, places, or things using '-er' or 'more'.
- Add '-er' to short words (1 syllable), like 'fast' to 'faster'.
- Use 'more' before long words (2+ syllables), like 'more beautiful'.
- Always use 'than' to connect the two things you are comparing.
نظرة عامة
Comparative Adjectives) سينقل لغتك من مجرد وصف الأشياء بشكل بسيط إلى القدرة على التعبير عن الآراء والمفاضلة بين الخيارات. تخيل أنك تريد شراء هاتف جديد؛ لن تكتفي بالقول إن هذا الهاتف «جيد»، بل ستحتاج للقول إنه «أفضل» أو «أسرع» أو «أرخص» من غيره. هذا هو جوهر درسنا اليوم.to be (am, is, are) هو العمود الفقري للجملة. عند المقارنة، نحن نضع الصفة في صيغة المقارنة ثم نتبعها بكلمة than التي تقابلها في العربية كلمة «من».Ahmed is taller than Ali. | لاحظ وجود is في الإنجليزية. |This house is bigger. | لاحظ أن than قد تُحذف إذا كان المفهوم واضحاً. |Gold is more expensive than silver. | الكلمات الطويلة تستخدم more. |- 1نظام اللاحقة (
-er): نستخدمه مع الصفات القصيرة (مقطع واحد). - 2نظام الكلمة المساعدة (
more): نستخدمه مع الصفات الطويلة (مقطعين أو أكثر).
-er لكلمة طويلة مثل expensive ستجعلها expensiver وهي كلمة ثقيلة جداً وصعبة النطق، لذا يفضلون استخدام more expensive. أما كلمة tall فهي خفيفة، وإضافة er تجعلها taller بانسيابية تامة.Comparative) تُستخدم للمفاضلة بين شيئين اثنين فقط أو مجموعتين. إذا أردت المقارنة بين ثلاثة أشياء أو أكثر، فسنستخدم صيغة التفضيل (Superlative) مثل the biggest والتي سنناقشها في دروس لاحقة. اليوم، تركيزنا منصب على «هذا أفضل من ذاك».Syllable) هو وحدة النطق التي تحتوي على صوت علة واحد.-er لنهاية الصفة متبوعة بـ than.Fast(سريع) ←Faster than(أسرع من)Small(صغير) ←Smaller than(أصغر من)
- إذا انتهت الصفة بحرف
e: نضيفrفقط. Large←Larger(مثل:Jeddah is larger than Abha.)- إذا انتهت الصفة بنمط (حرف ساكن + حرف علة + حرف ساكن - CVC): نقوم بمضاعفة الحرف الساكن الأخير قبل إضافة
er. Big←Bigger(لاحظ مضاعفة الـg)Hot←Hotter(مثل:Riyadh is hotter than London.)
y (بصرف النظر عن عدد المقاطع)y ونضع مكانها ier.Happy(سعيد) ←Happier than(أسعد من)Easy(سهل) ←Easier than(أسهل من)Busy(مشغول) ←Busier than(أكثر انشغالاً من)
Learning English is easier than learning Chinese. (تعلم الإنجليزية أسهل من تعلم الصينية).-er. بدلاً من ذلك، نضع كلمة more (أكثر) أو less (أقل) قبل الصفة.Expensive(غالٍ) ←More expensive than(أغلى من)Beautiful(جميل) ←More beautiful than(أجمل من)Difficult(صعب) ←More difficult than(أصعب من)
The family gathering is more important than the football match. (التجمع العائلي أهم من مباراة كرة القدم).Good (جيد) | Better (أفضل) | My mother's coffee is better than yours. |Bad (سيئ) | Worse (أسوأ) | The traffic today is worse than yesterday. |Far (بعيد) | Farther / Further (أبعد) | The mosque is farther than the park. |Little (قليل) | Less (أقل) | I have less sugar in my tea than you. |Further تستخدم للمسافات المادية والمعنوية (مثل: معلومات إضافية)، بينما Farther للمسافات المادية فقط. في مستواك الحالي، كلاهما مقبول للمسافات.- 1عند التسوق والمفاضلة بين الأسعار والجودة:
This fabric is softer than that one. (هذا القماش أنعم من ذاك). أو عند مقارنة الأسعار: The blue car is more expensive than the white one.- 1عند التعبير عن التغيير بمرور الوقت:
My city is more modern now than ten years ago. (مدينتي الآن أكثر حداثة مما كانت عليه قبل عشر سنوات).- 1في النقاشات العائلية والاجتماعية:
Sami is taller than his father now. (سامي أطول من أبيه الآن). أو عند مقارنة مهارات الطبخ: My aunt's Kabsa is tastier than the restaurant's. (كبسة عمتي ألذ من كبسة المطعم).- 1عند مقارنة الأفعال (باستخدام الظروف):
He speaks English more fluently than his brother. (هو يتحدث الإنجليزية بطلاقة أكثر من أخيه).as...as) سنمر عليها سريعاً لاحقاً.from بدلاً من than:أكبر من، وكلمة «من» تترجم غالباً إلى
from. لذا يقع الكثيرون في خطأ قول: *He is bigger from me.- التصحيح: استخدم دائماً
thanفي المقارنة. الصحيح هو:He is bigger than me.
am, is, are):*My brother taller than me.- التصحيح: الجملة الإنجليزية يجب أن تحتوي على فعل. الصحيح:
My brother is taller than me.
more واللاحقة -er:*This is more cheaper.- التصحيح: لا يجوز استخدام الاثنين معاً. إما
cheaper(للصفات القصيرة) أوmore expensive(للصفات الطويلة). لا تقل أبداًmore biggerأوmore faster.
*biger بدلاً من bigger. تذكر قاعدة (ساكن-علة-ساكن)؛ الحرف الأخير يحتاج لتعزيز ليحافظ على نطق حرف العلة قصيراً.Comparative) وبين أنماط أخرى قد تشبهها أو تتقاطع معها:-er / more) | للمفاضلة بين اثنين (واحد أكثر من الآخر) | Tea is hotter than coffee. |-est / most) | للمفاضلة بين ثلاثة فأكثر (الأفضل/الأكبر على الإطلاق) | Mount Everest is the highest mountain. |as + adj + as) | للتعبير عن التساوي بين شيئين | Ali is as tall as Ahmed. (علي في نفس طول أحمد) |as...as؟ أحياناً في الضيافة العربية، تريد أن تكون ديبلوماسياً وتقول إن القهوتين جيدتان بنفس القدر، فتقول: This coffee is as good as that one. هنا لا يوجد «أفضل»، بل يوجد «تساوي».The car is fast. (السيارة سريعة). لا توجد مقارنة هنا. لكن بمجرد دخول طرف ثانٍ في الجملة، يجب تحويل fast إلى faster than.more مع الصفات القصيرة؟-er. لكن في بعض الحالات النادرة جداً للتأكيد قد تسمعها في الشارع، ولكن كنصيحة لمتعلم في المستوى A2: التزم بالقاعدة. more big خطأ، والصحيح bigger.y؟clever أو simple. هذه الكلمات «مرنة»؛ يمكنك قول cleverer أو more clever. لكن القاعدة الأسلم لك هي: إذا لم تنتهِ بـ y وكانت من مقطعين، استخدم more لتكون في أمان، إلا إذا كانت الكلمة شائعة جداً بصيغة -er.than من الجملة؟This one is bigger. هنا لا داعي لقول than the other one لأن الأمر واضح للعيان.taller تستخدم للرجل، وللمرأة، وللجماد، وللمثنى، وللجمع. في العربية نقول «أطول» للمذكر والمؤنث أيضاً، لكن في صفات أخرى قد نختلف. في الإنجليزية، ارتح تماماً من هذا العناء؛ الصفة ثابتة.This mall is bigger than the old one أو Today is busier than yesterday.-er و more بشكل طبيعي دون تفكير.Comparative Formation Rules
| Adjective Type | Rule | Example Adjective | Comparative Form |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 Syllable
|
Add -er
|
Fast
|
Faster
|
|
1 Syllable (CVC)
|
Double consonant + -er
|
Big
|
Bigger
|
|
1 Syllable (ends in e)
|
Add -r
|
Nice
|
Nicer
|
|
2 Syllables (ends in y)
|
y -> i + -er
|
Happy
|
Happier
|
|
2+ Syllables
|
Use 'more'
|
Expensive
|
More expensive
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Good
|
Better
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Bad
|
Worse
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Far
|
Further/Farther
|
Meanings
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared.
Superiority (More)
To show that one thing has a higher quality or degree of a trait than another.
“This book is more interesting than the last one.”
“She is taller than her brother.”
Inferiority (Less)
To show that one thing has a lower quality or degree of a trait.
“This phone is less expensive than that one.”
“The movie was less exciting than the trailer.”
Equality (As...as)
To show that two things are equal in a specific quality.
“He is as tall as his father.”
“This cake is as delicious as the one you made.”
Reference Table
| نوع الصفة | القاعدة | الصفة | صيغة المقارنة | مثال جملة |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
مقطع واحد
|
أضف -er
|
tall
|
taller
|
She is taller than her sister.
|
|
مقطع واحد (ينتهي بـ e)
|
أضف -r
|
nice
|
nicer
|
This climate is nicer than mine.
|
|
مقطع واحد (CVC)
|
ضاعف الحرف الساكن + -er
|
big
|
bigger
|
My car is bigger than yours.
|
|
مقطعان (ينتهي بـ y)
|
غير y إلى i + -er
|
happy
|
happier
|
I feel happier today.
|
|
مقطعان أو أكثر (أخرى)
|
استخدم more + الصفة
|
expensive
|
more expensive
|
This phone is more expensive.
|
|
غير منتظمة
|
شكل خاص
|
good
|
better
|
This coffee tastes better.
|
|
غير منتظمة
|
شكل خاص
|
bad
|
worse
|
The traffic is worse today.
|
طيف الرسمية
The first candidate appears to be more experienced than the second. (Hiring process)
The first person has more experience than the second one. (Hiring process)
The first guy is more experienced. (Hiring process)
The first one's got way more street cred. (Hiring process)
تدفق الصفات المقارنة
صفات قصيرة (مقطع واحد)
- tall taller
- big bigger
- cold colder
مقطعان (تنتهي بـ -y)
- happy happier
- easy easier
- funny funnier
صفات أطول (مقطعين أو أكثر)
- expensive more expensive
- interesting more interesting
- beautiful more beautiful
أشكال غير منتظمة
- good better
- bad worse
تشكيل صيغ المقارنة: -er مقابل More
كيف تشكل صيغة المقارنة
هل الصفة ذات مقطع واحد (مثل 'tall', 'big')؟
هل الصفة ذات مقطعين وتنتهي بـ -y (مثل 'happy', 'easy')؟
هل الصفة ذات مقطعين أو أكثر (مثل 'boring', 'expensive')؟
أمثلة الصفات المقارنة
قاعدة -er
- • tall > taller
- • hot > hotter
- • nice > nicer
- • pretty > prettier
قاعدة More
- • important > more important
- • delicious > more delicious
- • difficult > more difficult
- • popular > more popular
غير منتظمة
- • good > better
- • bad > worse
- • far > farther/further
- • little > less
مقارنات شائعة
- • bigger than
- • more expensive than
- • easier than
- • better than
أمثلة حسب المستوى
My cat is smaller than your dog.
My cat is smaller than your dog.
I am taller than my sister.
I am taller than my sister.
This car is faster.
This car is faster.
Tea is hotter than water.
Tea is hotter than water.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
Your English is better than last year.
Your English is better than last year.
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
He is taller than I am.
He is taller than I am.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
سهل الخلط
Learners use superlatives (best, biggest) when only comparing two things.
These words sound similar but have completely different meanings.
Using both 'more' and '-er' on the same adjective.
أخطاء شائعة
He is more tall than me.
He is taller than me.
This is more better.
This is better.
I am taller that him.
I am taller than him.
My car is biger than yours.
My car is bigger than yours.
It is more easy now.
It is easier now.
She is more happy than before.
She is happier than before.
This is badder than that.
This is worse than that.
The movie was less better than I thought.
The movie was not as good as I thought.
He is more taller.
He is much taller.
I have more few books than you.
I have fewer books than you.
He is the taller of the three.
He is the tallest of the three.
It's getting more and more hot.
It's getting hotter and hotter.
I prefer tea than coffee.
I prefer tea to coffee.
أنماط الجُمل
My ___ is ___er than yours.
This ___ is more ___ than that one.
I think ___ is better than ___.
The ___er it is, the more ___ it becomes.
Real World Usage
This model is much quieter than the previous version.
I am looking for a more challenging role.
I'm looking for someone taller than 6 feet.
This SUV is safer and more reliable for families.
Tomorrow will be colder and windier than today.
Is there a cheaper flight available?
استمع لعدد المقاطع الصوتية
-er و more، انطق الصفة بصوت عالٍ. إذا كانت مقطعًا واحدًا (مثل tall, cold)، فغالبًا ستضيف -er. إذا كانت مقطعين أو أكثر (مثل boring, beautiful)، فـ more هي الخيار الأفضل. My room is colder than yours.
تجنب المقارنات المزدوجة!
more و -er معًا! قل bigger وليس more bigger. وقل more interesting وليس more interestinger. هذا خطأ شائع جدًا، فانتبه له! This book is more interesting.
تدرب مع "than"
than والشيء الثاني الذي تقارنه. مثلاً، My coffee is hotter...(hotter *than* what؟)
...hotter than yours. هذا يساعد على ترسيخ البنية. She is smarter than her brother.
صيغ المقارنة في الثقافة الشعبية
Stronger (كانييه ويست)، أو Better Half (تعبير شائع)، أو "Taste the difference, it's fresher!« الانتباه لهذه الأمثلة سيساعدك على استيعاب استخدامها الطبيعي. »Life is getting better."استخدم أدوات التكثيف
much, a lot, far, a little, أو slightly قبل صيغة المقارنة. مثلاً، much taller, a little more expensive.
This car is much faster.
Smart Tips
Always change the 'y' to 'i' before adding '-er'. It works for happy, busy, easy, and crazy!
Use 'much' or 'a bit' to show the size of the difference.
In casual English, we use 'than me' or 'than him'. In very formal English, we use 'than I am' or 'than he is'.
Use 'the [comparative] one' to choose between two items without repeating the noun.
النطق
The Schwa sound in '-er'
The '-er' ending is almost always pronounced as a weak schwa /ə/. Do not stress it.
Linking 'than'
The word 'than' is usually reduced to /ðən/ and links to the following word.
Comparison Stress
This one is BIGGER than that one.
Stress the comparative adjective to emphasize the difference.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Short words get 'er' (like a motor), long words get 'more' (like a crowd).
ربط بصري
Imagine a tiny mouse with a long tail shaped like the letters 'ER' standing next to a giant elephant wearing a shirt that says 'MORE'.
Rhyme
Short gets -er, long gets more, use 'than' to settle the score!
Story
A small ant (Short) wanted to be a runner, so he became 'faster'. A beautiful butterfly (Long) didn't want to change her name, so she just became 'more beautiful'. They both had to cross the 'Than' bridge to finish the race.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Look around your room. Find two objects and say three sentences comparing them out loud (e.g., 'The lamp is taller than the book').
ملاحظات ثقافية
Americans often use 'farther' for physical distance and 'further' for metaphorical distance. British speakers often use 'further' for both.
In Japanese culture, direct comparisons can sometimes be seen as too blunt. In English, however, they are expected and necessary for clarity.
German speakers may find the English use of 'more' for long adjectives similar to their own 'mehr', but must remember that German also uses suffixes for almost all adjectives.
The '-er' suffix comes from the Old English '-ra', which was used to form comparatives in Germanic languages.
بدايات محادثة
Which is better: living in a big city or a small village?
Compare your current phone with your previous one.
Is it better to be a student or an employee?
How has your life changed in the last five years?
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
أخطاء شائعة
Test Yourself
This coffee is ___ (hot) than mine.
Find and fix the mistake:
My new laptop is more faster than my old one.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /3
تمارين تطبيقية
8 exercisesMy house is ___ (big) than yours.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
This coffee is more better than the one I had yesterday.
than / is / My / faster / car / yours
Match the following:
I am taller ___ my father.
Pick the irregular comparative.
This book is ___ (interesting) than the movie.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThis bed is much ___ (comfortable) than the old one.
Choose the correct sentence:
Living in the city is excitinger than the countryside.
Translate into English: 'El examen fue más difícil de lo que pensaba.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
This path is ___ (narrow) than the main road.
Match the adjectives with their comparative forms:
Our team's presentation was gooder than theirs.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Mi bicicleta es más vieja que la tuya.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the adjectives with their comparative forms:
Score: /12
الأسئلة الشائعة (8)
Double the last letter for one-syllable words that end in a single vowel + single consonant (like `big` -> `bigger`, `hot` -> `hotter`). Do not double it if there are two vowels (like `cheap` -> `cheaper`).
Both are correct! In American English, `farther` is usually for physical distance and `further` is for metaphorical distance (like 'further information'). In British English, `further` is common for both.
Both are actually correct! Some two-syllable words like `clever`, `simple`, and `narrow` can take either form, though `-er` is more traditional.
Because `better` already means 'more good'. Saying `more better` is like saying 'more more good', which is redundant and incorrect in standard English.
`Than` is for comparing things (He is taller `than` me). `Then` is for time or sequences (I went home, `then` I ate dinner).
Use the structure `as + adjective + as`. For example, 'I am `as tall as` my brother.'
Yes! For example, 'He runs `faster` than me' or 'She speaks `more clearly` than her friend.' The rules for syllables are the same.
You can use `less + adjective + than`. For example, 'This phone is `less expensive` than that one.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
más + adjective + que
English has two systems (-er and more), while Spanish only has one (más).
plus + adjective + que
French never changes the ending of the adjective to mean 'more'.
adjective + -er + als
German uses the suffix for almost all adjectives, whereas English switches to 'more' for long ones.
A no hou ga B yori [adj]
Japanese grammar structure for comparison is completely different from the English SVO structure.
Elative form (Af'al)
Arabic uses a morphological internal change rather than a simple suffix or prefix.
A bǐ B + adjective
Chinese has no inflection or 'more' equivalent within the comparative sentence.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
فيديوهات ذات صلة
Avengers(1,2,&,3) Hilarious Bloopers and Gag Reel | Avengers: Endgame Special
Harry Potter's Funniest Moments
Friends: Joey Finds Out (Season 5 Clip) | TBS
شرح قاعدة المقارنة والتفضيل في اللغة الانجليزية Comparatives and Superlatives
English with Ziad
Comparatives and Superlatives | شرح قاعدة المقارنة والتفضيل في اللغة الانجليزية
Learn English with Safaa
شرح قاعدة المقارنة والتفضيل Comparatives and Superlatives
English with Mr. Fadi
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### Overview تعد الظروف (Adverbs) بمثابة "التوابل" التي تمنح اللغة الإنجليزية نكهتها، دقتها، وعمقها. بالنسبة لك كمتعلم...
ظروف وجهة النظر والموقف (تقنياً، بصراحة)
### Overview أهلاً بك يا زميلي في مرحلة الإتقان اللغوي. وصولك إلى المستوى C2 يعني أنك لم تعد بحاجة لتعلم "كيف" تبني جمل...
التكثيف بـ 'so' و 'such a'
### Overview أهلاً بك يا صديقي في هذه المحطة المتقدمة من رحلتك لإتقان اللغة الإنجليزية. بصفتك متحدثاً باللغة العربية، ف...