Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use comparatives to describe the difference between two people, places, or things using '-er' or 'more'.
- Add '-er' to short words (1 syllable), like 'fast' to 'faster'.
- Use 'more' before long words (2+ syllables), like 'more beautiful'.
- Always use 'than' to connect the two things you are comparing.
Overview
better 한지 설명해보셨나요? 인생은 기본적으로 일련의 비교입니다.more exciting 해 보이는지 결정하거나, 친구에게 새 운동화가 예전 것보다 cooler 하다고 문자를 보낼 때, 당신은 비교급 형용사(comparative adjectives)를 사용하고 있는 것입니다. 본질적으로 이 문법 규칙은 사물의 순위를 매기는 것에 관한 것입니다. 우리는 두 가지(A와 B)를 가져와서 어떤 것이 특정 품질을 더 많이 가지고 있는지 결정합니다.bigger 한가요? B가 more expensive 한가요? 이 가이드가 끝날 때쯤이면 당신은 자신 있게 이러한 판단을 내릴 수 있게 될 것입니다.better 한 프로그램이 있는지에 대한 논쟁에서 이기는 데 도움이 됩니다. 누가 이기고 싶지 않겠어요?How This Grammar Works
than이라는 단어입니다.The bus is slower than the train입니다. 여기서 slower는 우리의 비교급 형용사이고, than은 버스와 기차를 연결해주는 접착제입니다. 만약 than을 잊어버린다면, 당신의 문장은 중간에 끊긴 느낌을 줄 것입니다.이게 hotter해라고 말하면, 친구는 그것이 다른 컵보다 더 뜨겁다는 뜻임을 알게 됩니다.biggest, 가장 좋은 best)의 세계로 들어간 것입니다.
Formation Pattern
-er을 붙입니다. 단어가 small이면 smaller가 됩니다. nice처럼 이미 -e로 끝난다면 -r만 붙여서 nicer로 만듭니다. big이나 hot처럼 자음-모음-자음(CVC) 패턴을 따른다면 마지막 글자를 하나 더 씁니다: bigger, hotter. 마치 단어가 뽐내기 위해 몸무게를 조금 늘린 것과 같습니다.
y를 쫓아내고 i로 바꾼 다음 -er을 붙여야 합니다. 그래서 happy는 happier가 되고, busy는 busier가 됩니다. 단어의 변신이라고 생각하세요.
-er을 좋아하지 않습니다. 대신 앞에 서줄 친구를 초대합니다. 바로 more입니다. 따라서 expensive는 more expensive가 되고, creative는 more creative가 됩니다. expensiver라고 말하려고 하면 설탕을 너무 많이 먹은 유아처럼 들릴 것입니다.
good은 better가 되고(gooder가 아님), bad는 worse가 되고(badder가 아님), far는 further 또는 farther가 됩니다. 이것들은 넷플릭스 비밀번호처럼 그냥 외워야 합니다.
When To Use It
cheaper하지만, 다른 하나는 more stylish해 보입니다. 당신은 옵션을 저울질하고 있습니다. 아니면 Zoom을 통한 취업 면접일 수도 있습니다.more experienced하다는 것을 설명하고 싶을 수도 있습니다(실제로는 구글링을 아주 잘하는 것뿐일지라도요). 소셜 미디어는 이를 위한 거대한 놀이터입니다. 게시물에 이 편집본이 원본보다 better하네!라고 댓글을 달거나, 발리의 일몰이 우리 집 뒷마당보다 more beautiful해 보여라고 말할 수 있습니다.내 영어가 지난달보다 better해졌어라거나 새 쇼핑몰이 문을 연 이후로 도시가 busier해졌어라고 말할 수 있습니다. 기본적으로 순위를 매기거나, 선택하거나, 변화를 알아차릴 때 비교급은 당신의 가장 친한 친구입니다.
Common Mistakes
more bigger나 more faster라고 말하는 경우입니다. 이것은 선글라스를 동시에 두 개 쓰는 것과 같습니다. 너무 과하죠. 단어에 -er이 있다면 more는 필요 없습니다. 또 다른 고전적인 실수는 than 대신 then을 사용하는 것입니다. then은 시간(집에 갔다, '그다음' then 잤다)에 관한 것이고, than은 비교('보다' than)에 관한 것입니다. 소리는 거의 비슷하지만 화면에서는 매우 다르게 보입니다. 또한 CVC 단어들을 주의하세요. bigger를 biger라고 쓰면 조금 외로워 보입니다. 그리고 제발 긴 단어에 -er을 억지로 붙이려 하지 마세요. 아무리 원해도 beautifuler라는 단어는 없습니다. more beautiful을 사용하여 문장을 세련되게 유지하세요. 마지막으로, 비교 대상이 명확하지 않다면 비교의 두 번째 부분을 잊지 마세요. 방에 혼자 서서 «내가 더 빨라»라고 말하면 사람들은... 무엇보다 빠른지 궁금해할 것입니다. 달팽이보다? 우사인 볼트보다?Contrast With Similar Patterns
This pizza is better than that one). 최상급은 세 가지 이상을 비교하여 승자를 뽑습니다(This is the best pizza in the city).as...as가 있습니다. 이것은 두 가지가 같을 때 사용합니다. My phone is as fast as yours는 그것들이 같다는 뜻입니다.My phone is faster than yours라고 말하면 승자를 선언하는 것입니다. 반대 방향으로 가고 싶다면 more 대신 less를 사용할 수도 있습니다. This book is less interesting than the movie는 영화가 흥미 대결에서 이겼음을 의미합니다.The book is more boring than the movie. 그게 좀 더 자연스럽게 들립니다. 당신의 요점으로 가는 가장 직접적인 경로를 선택하는 것이라고 생각하세요.Quick FAQ
짧은 단어에 more를 사용할 수 있나요?
일반적으로는 안 됩니다. -er을 사용하세요. 하지만
그는 힘이 세다기보다 키가 크다(more tall than strong)처럼 같은 사물의 두 가지 품질을 비교할 때는 가끔 괜찮습니다. 안전을 위해 지금은
-er을 고수하세요.
음절이 두 개지만 -y로 끝나지 않는 단어는 어떻게 하나요?
둘 다 가능한 것도 있습니다! clever는 cleverer나 more clever 둘 다 가능합니다. 의심스러울 때는 2음절 단어에 보통 more가 허용되지만, -y로 끝나는 단어에는 -er이 더 좋습니다.
funner는 실제 단어인가요?
엄밀히 말하면 아닙니다. 대부분의 문법학자들은 more fun을 사용해야 한다고 말합니다. 하지만 아주 캐주얼한 대화에서 사람들이 funner라고 말하는 것을 들을 수 있을 것입니다. 전문적으로 들리고 싶다면 more fun을 사용하세요.
항상 than이 필요한가요?
두 번째 대상을 이름으로 부를 때만 필요합니다. «나는 그보다 키가 커»에는 필요합니다. «내가 더 커»에는 필요 없습니다.
똑같은 것들은 어떻게 비교하나요?
as [형용사] as 패턴을 사용하세요. 예: «빨간 차는 파란 차만큼 빨라요.»
Comparative Formation Rules
| Adjective Type | Rule | Example Adjective | Comparative Form |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 Syllable
|
Add -er
|
Fast
|
Faster
|
|
1 Syllable (CVC)
|
Double consonant + -er
|
Big
|
Bigger
|
|
1 Syllable (ends in e)
|
Add -r
|
Nice
|
Nicer
|
|
2 Syllables (ends in y)
|
y -> i + -er
|
Happy
|
Happier
|
|
2+ Syllables
|
Use 'more'
|
Expensive
|
More expensive
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Good
|
Better
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Bad
|
Worse
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Far
|
Further/Farther
|
Meanings
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared.
Superiority (More)
To show that one thing has a higher quality or degree of a trait than another.
“This book is more interesting than the last one.”
“She is taller than her brother.”
Inferiority (Less)
To show that one thing has a lower quality or degree of a trait.
“This phone is less expensive than that one.”
“The movie was less exciting than the trailer.”
Equality (As...as)
To show that two things are equal in a specific quality.
“He is as tall as his father.”
“This cake is as delicious as the one you made.”
Reference Table
| 형용사 종류 | 규칙 | 원래 단어 | 비교급 형태 | 예문 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1음절 (짧은 단어)
|
-er 붙이기
|
tall
|
taller
|
She is taller than her sister.
|
|
1음절 (e로 끝남)
|
-r만 붙이기
|
nice
|
nicer
|
This climate is nicer than mine.
|
|
1음절 (단모음+단자음)
|
자음 겹치고 -er
|
big
|
bigger
|
My car is bigger than yours.
|
|
2음절 (y로 끝남)
|
y를 i로 바꾸고 -er
|
happy
|
happier
|
I feel happier today.
|
|
2음절 이상 (긴 단어)
|
more + 형용사
|
expensive
|
more expensive
|
This phone is more expensive.
|
|
불규칙 (예외)
|
완전히 바뀜
|
good
|
better
|
This coffee tastes better.
|
|
불규칙 (예외)
|
완전히 바뀜
|
bad
|
worse
|
The traffic is worse today.
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
The first candidate appears to be more experienced than the second. (Hiring process)
The first person has more experience than the second one. (Hiring process)
The first guy is more experienced. (Hiring process)
The first one's got way more street cred. (Hiring process)
비교급 형용사 한눈에 보기
짧은 형용사 (1음절)
- tall taller
- big bigger
- cold colder
2음절 (y로 끝남)
- happy happier
- easy easier
- funny funnier
긴 형용사 (2음절 이상)
- expensive more expensive
- interesting more interesting
- beautiful more beautiful
불규칙 형태
- good better
- bad worse
비교급 만들기: -er vs More
비교급 형태 결정하기
단어가 1음절(짧은 단어)인가요?
2음절이면서 y로 끝나나요?
2음절 이상인 긴 단어인가요?
비교급 카테고리별 예시
-er 규칙
- • tall > taller
- • hot > hotter
- • nice > nicer
- • pretty > prettier
More 규칙
- • important > more important
- • delicious > more delicious
- • difficult > more difficult
- • popular > more popular
불규칙
- • good > better
- • bad > worse
- • far > farther/further
- • little > less
자주 쓰는 표현
- • bigger than
- • more expensive than
- • easier than
- • better than
수준별 예문
My cat is smaller than your dog.
My cat is smaller than your dog.
I am taller than my sister.
I am taller than my sister.
This car is faster.
This car is faster.
Tea is hotter than water.
Tea is hotter than water.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
Your English is better than last year.
Your English is better than last year.
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
He is taller than I am.
He is taller than I am.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners use superlatives (best, biggest) when only comparing two things.
These words sound similar but have completely different meanings.
Using both 'more' and '-er' on the same adjective.
자주 하는 실수
He is more tall than me.
He is taller than me.
This is more better.
This is better.
I am taller that him.
I am taller than him.
My car is biger than yours.
My car is bigger than yours.
It is more easy now.
It is easier now.
She is more happy than before.
She is happier than before.
This is badder than that.
This is worse than that.
The movie was less better than I thought.
The movie was not as good as I thought.
He is more taller.
He is much taller.
I have more few books than you.
I have fewer books than you.
He is the taller of the three.
He is the tallest of the three.
It's getting more and more hot.
It's getting hotter and hotter.
I prefer tea than coffee.
I prefer tea to coffee.
문장 패턴
My ___ is ___er than yours.
This ___ is more ___ than that one.
I think ___ is better than ___.
The ___er it is, the more ___ it becomes.
Real World Usage
This model is much quieter than the previous version.
I am looking for a more challenging role.
I'm looking for someone taller than 6 feet.
This SUV is safer and more reliable for families.
Tomorrow will be colder and windier than today.
Is there a cheaper flight available?
소리 내어 읽어보세요
tall, cold처럼 한 번에 발음되면 -er을 붙여요: It is colder today.
중복 비교는 금물!
more bigger가 아니라 그냥 bigger라고 해야 해요: This box is bigger.
than과 친해지기
than을 쓰고 비교 대상을 넣으면 문장이 완벽해져요: My coffee is hotter than yours.
팝송 가사 속 비교급
Stronger나 광고 문구 fresher를 떠올려보세요.강조하고 싶을 때
much나 a little을 넣으면 차이를 더 잘 보여줄 수 있어요: It is much more expensive.
Smart Tips
Always change the 'y' to 'i' before adding '-er'. It works for happy, busy, easy, and crazy!
Use 'much' or 'a bit' to show the size of the difference.
In casual English, we use 'than me' or 'than him'. In very formal English, we use 'than I am' or 'than he is'.
Use 'the [comparative] one' to choose between two items without repeating the noun.
발음
The Schwa sound in '-er'
The '-er' ending is almost always pronounced as a weak schwa /ə/. Do not stress it.
Linking 'than'
The word 'than' is usually reduced to /ðən/ and links to the following word.
Comparison Stress
This one is BIGGER than that one.
Stress the comparative adjective to emphasize the difference.
암기하기
기억법
Short words get 'er' (like a motor), long words get 'more' (like a crowd).
시각적 연상
Imagine a tiny mouse with a long tail shaped like the letters 'ER' standing next to a giant elephant wearing a shirt that says 'MORE'.
Rhyme
Short gets -er, long gets more, use 'than' to settle the score!
Story
A small ant (Short) wanted to be a runner, so he became 'faster'. A beautiful butterfly (Long) didn't want to change her name, so she just became 'more beautiful'. They both had to cross the 'Than' bridge to finish the race.
Word Web
챌린지
Look around your room. Find two objects and say three sentences comparing them out loud (e.g., 'The lamp is taller than the book').
문화 노트
Americans often use 'farther' for physical distance and 'further' for metaphorical distance. British speakers often use 'further' for both.
In Japanese culture, direct comparisons can sometimes be seen as too blunt. In English, however, they are expected and necessary for clarity.
German speakers may find the English use of 'more' for long adjectives similar to their own 'mehr', but must remember that German also uses suffixes for almost all adjectives.
The '-er' suffix comes from the Old English '-ra', which was used to form comparatives in Germanic languages.
대화 시작하기
Which is better: living in a big city or a small village?
Compare your current phone with your previous one.
Is it better to be a student or an employee?
How has your life changed in the last five years?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesMy house is ___ (big) than yours.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
This coffee is more better than the one I had yesterday.
than / is / My / faster / car / yours
Match the following:
I am taller ___ my father.
Pick the irregular comparative.
This book is ___ (interesting) than the movie.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThis bed is much ___ (comfortable) than the old one.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
Living in the city is excitinger than the countryside.
다음 문장을 영어로 번역하세요: '그 시험은 내가 생각했던 것보다 더 어려웠어.'
단어를 순서대로 배열하세요:
This path is ___ (narrow) than the main road.
형용사와 그에 맞는 비교급을 연결하세요:
Our team's presentation was gooder than theirs.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
다음 문장을 영어로 번역하세요: '내 자전거는 네 것보다 더 낡았어.'
단어를 순서대로 배열하세요:
형용사와 그에 맞는 비교급을 연결하세요:
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Double the last letter for one-syllable words that end in a single vowel + single consonant (like `big` -> `bigger`, `hot` -> `hotter`). Do not double it if there are two vowels (like `cheap` -> `cheaper`).
Both are correct! In American English, `farther` is usually for physical distance and `further` is for metaphorical distance (like 'further information'). In British English, `further` is common for both.
Both are actually correct! Some two-syllable words like `clever`, `simple`, and `narrow` can take either form, though `-er` is more traditional.
Because `better` already means 'more good'. Saying `more better` is like saying 'more more good', which is redundant and incorrect in standard English.
`Than` is for comparing things (He is taller `than` me). `Then` is for time or sequences (I went home, `then` I ate dinner).
Use the structure `as + adjective + as`. For example, 'I am `as tall as` my brother.'
Yes! For example, 'He runs `faster` than me' or 'She speaks `more clearly` than her friend.' The rules for syllables are the same.
You can use `less + adjective + than`. For example, 'This phone is `less expensive` than that one.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
más + adjective + que
English has two systems (-er and more), while Spanish only has one (más).
plus + adjective + que
French never changes the ending of the adjective to mean 'more'.
adjective + -er + als
German uses the suffix for almost all adjectives, whereas English switches to 'more' for long ones.
A no hou ga B yori [adj]
Japanese grammar structure for comparison is completely different from the English SVO structure.
Elative form (Af'al)
Arabic uses a morphological internal change rather than a simple suffix or prefix.
A bǐ B + adjective
Chinese has no inflection or 'more' equivalent within the comparative sentence.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
07:44 Leslie Odom Jr. on Hamilton in London, Becoming an Actor & Friendship with Kerry Washington
08:49 Discussing Mistaken or Wrong Business Decisions
00:49 Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales Movie Clip - Ghosts (2017) | Movieclips Coming Soon
[기초영어] 비교급 만들기! -er vs more 완벽 정리
쓰먹영어
비교급 최상급 규칙 변화 한 방에 정리하기
지후영어TV
Related Grammar Rules
복합 시제에서의 부사 순서 (Always, Never, Often)
### Overview 안녕하세요! 영어의 미묘한 뉘앙스를 마스터하고 싶은 학습자 여러분, 오늘 우리는 영어 문법에서 매우 중요하지...
형용사 강조하기: Very, So, Really, Too
### Overview 영어를 C1 수준으로 구사한다는 것은 단순히 문법적으로 틀리지 않는 문장을 만드는 것을 넘어, 화자의 의도와 감...
부사의 위치: 방식 및 정도
### Overview 부사(Adverb)는 문장에 색채와 정교함을 더해주는 중요한 요소입니다. B2 레벨의 학습자라면 문장의 의미를 명확...
관점 및 태도 부사 (기술적으로, 솔직히)
### Overview 영어 학습의 여정에서 C2 레벨에 도달했다는 것은 단순히 문장을 정확하게 구사하는 단계를 넘어, 언어의 미묘한...
'so'와 'such a'로 강조하기
Overview 인스타그램을 스크롤하다가 사진이 `so` 아름다워서 실제로 스크롤을 멈춘 적이 있나요? 아니면 며칠 동안 머릿속을 떠...
