Comparar Coisas (maior, mais caro)
-er e o more para comparar duas coisas com confiança, deixando seu inglês muito mais dynamic e natural!
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use comparatives to describe the difference between two people, places, or things using '-er' or 'more'.
- Add '-er' to short words (1 syllable), like 'fast' to 'faster'.
- Use 'more' before long words (2+ syllables), like 'more beautiful'.
- Always use 'than' to connect the two things you are comparing.
Overview
better (melhor), qual caminho para o trabalho é faster (mais rápido), ou qual celular é more expensive (mais caro)? Sem as comparações, nossa capacidade de expressar opiniões, fazer escolhas e descrever o mundo ao nosso redor seria muito limitada.This car is big) para conversas muito mais dinâmicas e ricas (como This car is bigger than my old one). Você vai conseguir negociar preços, discutir sobre o clima, falar sobre as vantagens de um app de delivery sobre o outro, ou defender por que sua série favorita é more interesting (mais interessante) que a do seu amigo.-er) e outra usando uma palavra antes (more). Entender essa lógica fonética, ou seja, baseada no som e no tamanho da palavra, vai te ajudar a saber exatamente qual regra usar sem precisar decorar tudo.How This Grammar Works
-er.more.than.that ou of no lugar de than em comparações desse tipo!This pizza is taller than that one. (Adjetivo curto tall + -er. Essa pizza é mais alta que aquela.)iFood is more convenient than going out. (Adjetivo longo convenient + more. iFood é mais conveniente do que sair.)My Uber driver arrived sooner than expected. (Advérbio curto soon + -er. Meu motorista de Uber chegou mais cedo do que o esperado.)
Formation Pattern
-er ao final.
tall (alto) | taller (mais alto) | My brother is taller than me. |
cold (frio) | colder (mais frio) | Curitiba is colder than Rio de Janeiro. |
fast (rápido) | faster (mais rápido) | Fiber internet is faster than DSL. |
small (pequeno) | smaller (mais pequeno/menor) | Your room is smaller than mine. |
-e: Se a palavra já termina em -e, você não precisa adicionar outro. Basta adicionar o -r. Tranquilo, né?
large → larger (ex: This larger cup is for the açaí.)
nice → nicer (ex: The weather is nicer today.)
safe → safer (ex: Is this neighborhood safer than the downtown area?)
-er. Isso serve para manter o som original da vogal. Se não dobrarmos, a pronúncia muda completamente!
big (b-i-g) → bigger (ex: Sao Paulo is bigger than Brasilia.)
hot (h-o-t) → hotter (ex: It's hotter in the kitchen.)
sad (s-a-d) → sadder (ex: This movie is sadder than I thought.)
thin (th-i-n) → thinner (ex: He looks thinner in this photo.)
-y
-y. Para transformá-las em comparativo, você deve mudar o -y para -i e só então adicionar -er. Pense que o -y e o -e não se dão muito bem, então o -i entra para mediar a situação.
happy (feliz) | happier (mais feliz) | She seems happier in her new job. |
easy (fácil) | easier (mais fácil) | Using this app is easier than typing a URL. |
funny (engraçado) | funnier (mais engraçado) | That comedian is funnier than the previous one. |
crazy (louco) | crazier (mais louco) | The traffic here is crazier than in my hometown. |
busy (ocupado) | busier (mais ocupado) | The mall is busier on Saturdays. |
-y) ou Três ou Mais Sílabas
more (mais) antes do adjetivo ou advérbio. Tentar adicionar -er a essas palavras as tornaria muito difíceis e estranhas de pronunciar (imagina expensiver ou beautifuler... não rola!).
expensive (caro) | more expensive | iPhones are more expensive than most Androids. |
beautiful (bonito) | more beautiful | Florianopolis has more beautiful beaches. |
important (importante) | more important | Health is more important than money. |
difficult (difícil) | more difficult | This exercise is more difficult than the last one. |
interesting (interessante) | more interesting | This Netflix series is more interesting. |
slowly (lentamente) | more slowly | Can you speak more slowly, please? (Advérbio) |
-y (como clever, simple, quiet) aceitam as duas formas: cleverer ou more clever. No entanto, como estudante de nível A2, a dica de ouro é: na dúvida, use more para qualquer palavra de duas sílabas que não acabe em -y. É mais seguro, gramaticalmente aceito e você evita erros de ortografia.
good (bom) | better (melhor) | This coffee is better than the one at the office. |
well (bem - advérbio) | better (melhor) | I feel much better today, thanks. |
bad (mau/ruim) | worse (pior) | The weather is worse today than yesterday. |
badly (mal - advérbio) | worse (pior) | He drives worse when it's raining. |
far (longe) | farther / further (mais longe) | My house is farther from the subway than yours. |
many (muitos) | more (mais) | There are more people at the party now. |
much (muito) | more (mais) | I don't have more money to spend. |
little (pouco) | less (menos) | I need less sugar in my coffee. |
old (velho) | older / elder (mais velho) | My older brother lives in Portugal. (elder é usado para membros da família) |
farther vs. further: No dia a dia, muitas pessoas usam as duas de forma intercambiável para distância física. No entanto, o inglês padrão faz uma distinção:
farther é usado para distância física, mensurável (The pharmacy is farther down the street).
further pode ser usado para distância física, mas é mais comum para distâncias abstratas ou para significar "adicional" ou "mais profundo" (We need further information about the plan - Precisamos de informações adicionais/mais profundas).
When To Use It
the biggest, the most expensive), que é outra estrutura gramatical que vamos ver mais para a frente.I like WhatsApp better than Telegram.In my opinion, Rio is more exciting than Curitiba.The city is noisier than it was ten years ago.My English is getting better every day!This new smartphone's battery is longer-lasting than my old one.Her apartment is more modern. (Note que o segundo elemento pode ser omitido se estiver claro pelo contexto. Por exemplo, se vocês estiverem na frente do apartamento dela comparando-o implicitamente com o seu).He works harder than anyone I know.She sings more beautifully now after her lessons.This laptop is cheaper, but that one is more powerful.Which delivery is faster: iFood or Rappi?
Common Mistakes
- 1Dizer "more big" ou "more good" (Uso do "Double Comparative")
more. Usar os dois é um erro redundante.This house is more big.This house is bigger.My new car is more good.My new car is better.- 1Usar "that" ou "of" no lugar de "than"
that. Daí a confusão. O inglês tem uma palavra específica para isso: than.He is taller that me. / He is taller of me.He is taller than me.This phone is more expensive that that one.This phone is more expensive than that one.- 1Esquecer de dobrar a consoante no CVC
biger ou hoter em vez de bigger e hotter.-er.big → biggerhot → hotterthin → thinnerContrast With Similar Patterns
-er/more) já é excelente. Mas note que para igualdade (as... as) e inferioridade (`less...This phone is as good as that one. (Não dizemos as better as)It is less hot today than yesterday. (Não dizemos less hotter)Quick FAQ
- 1Posso usar
morecom qualquer adjetivo de duas sílabas?
-er para adjetivos de duas sílabas que terminam em -y (como happier, easier, busier). Usar more happy ou more easy parece um pouco "estrangeiro".more é uma aposta segura.- 1O que acontece se eu esquecer o
than?
than e o segundo elemento. Por exemplo, se alguém te mostra dois sapatos e pergunta qual você prefere, você pode responder simplesmente: I like the bigger one (Eu gosto do [que é] maior).- 1Existem adjetivos que não podem ser comparados?
dead (morto), alive (vivo), perfect (perfeito), unique (único).This is the most unique thing I've seen), mas gramaticalmente não é o ideal.- 1Os advérbios seguem exatamente as mesmas regras dos adjetivos?
-ly) usam -er (fast → faster, hard → harder, soon → sooner). Advérbios longos (geralmente os que terminam em -ly) usam more (quickly → more quickly, beautifully → more beautifully).well → better e badly → worse.cheaper (mais barato) agora? Qual colega de trabalho fala faster (mais rápido)? Com o tempo, isso vai se tornar automático. Bons estudos!Comparative Formation Rules
| Adjective Type | Rule | Example Adjective | Comparative Form |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 Syllable
|
Add -er
|
Fast
|
Faster
|
|
1 Syllable (CVC)
|
Double consonant + -er
|
Big
|
Bigger
|
|
1 Syllable (ends in e)
|
Add -r
|
Nice
|
Nicer
|
|
2 Syllables (ends in y)
|
y -> i + -er
|
Happy
|
Happier
|
|
2+ Syllables
|
Use 'more'
|
Expensive
|
More expensive
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Good
|
Better
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Bad
|
Worse
|
|
Irregular
|
Memorize
|
Far
|
Further/Farther
|
Meanings
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared.
Superiority (More)
To show that one thing has a higher quality or degree of a trait than another.
“This book is more interesting than the last one.”
“She is taller than her brother.”
Inferiority (Less)
To show that one thing has a lower quality or degree of a trait.
“This phone is less expensive than that one.”
“The movie was less exciting than the trailer.”
Equality (As...as)
To show that two things are equal in a specific quality.
“He is as tall as his father.”
“This cake is as delicious as the one you made.”
Reference Table
| Tipo de Adjetivo | Regra | Adjetivo | Forma Comparativa | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Uma sílaba
|
Adicione -er
|
tall
|
taller
|
She is taller than her sister.
|
|
Uma sílaba (termina em e)
|
Adicione -r
|
nice
|
nicer
|
This climate is nicer than mine.
|
|
Uma sílaba (CVC)
|
Dobra a consoante + -er
|
big
|
bigger
|
My car is bigger than yours.
|
|
Duas sílabas (termina em y)
|
Troca y por i + -er
|
happy
|
happier
|
I feel happier today.
|
|
Duas ou mais sílabas
|
Use more + adjetivo
|
expensive
|
more expensive
|
This phone is more expensive.
|
|
Irregular
|
Forma especial
|
good
|
better
|
This coffee tastes better.
|
|
Irregular
|
Forma especial
|
bad
|
worse
|
The traffic is worse today.
|
Espectro de formalidade
The first candidate appears to be more experienced than the second. (Hiring process)
The first person has more experience than the second one. (Hiring process)
The first guy is more experienced. (Hiring process)
The first one's got way more street cred. (Hiring process)
Fluxo dos Adjetivos Comparativos
Adjetivos Curtos (1 Sílaba)
- tall taller
- big bigger
- cold colder
2 Sílabas (termina em -y)
- happy happier
- easy easier
- funny funnier
Adjetivos Longos (2+ Sílabas)
- expensive more expensive
- interesting more interesting
- beautiful more beautiful
Formas Irregulares
- good better
- bad worse
Formando Comparativos: -er vs. More
Como Formar um Comparativo
O adjetivo tem uma sílaba (ex: 'tall', 'big')?
Tem duas sílabas e termina em -y (ex: 'happy', 'easy')?
Tem duas ou mais sílabas (ex: 'boring', 'expensive')?
Exemplos de Categorias
Regra do -er
- • tall > taller
- • hot > hotter
- • nice > nicer
- • pretty > prettier
Regra do More
- • important > more important
- • delicious > more delicious
- • difficult > more difficult
- • popular > more popular
Irregulares
- • good > better
- • bad > worse
- • far > farther/further
- • little > less
Comparações Comuns
- • bigger than
- • more expensive than
- • easier than
- • better than
Exemplos por nível
My cat is smaller than your dog.
My cat is smaller than your dog.
I am taller than my sister.
I am taller than my sister.
This car is faster.
This car is faster.
Tea is hotter than water.
Tea is hotter than water.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
This phone is more expensive than that one.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
The city is noisier than the countryside.
Your English is better than last year.
Your English is better than last year.
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
Is the bus cheaper than the train?
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
This exercise is much easier than the previous one.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
The new model is slightly more efficient.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
He speaks more fluently than he did before.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
I feel less tired today than yesterday.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The more you practice, the better you become.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The results were far more impressive than we anticipated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
The situation is getting more and more complicated.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
She is no more capable than her predecessor.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
The proposal was all the more convincing for its brevity.
He is taller than I am.
He is taller than I am.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
The weather was rather more pleasant than predicted.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
It was a far cry from the earlier, simpler versions.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
The argument is none the stronger for being repeated.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
He was a man of no lesser stature than the king himself.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
The more's the pity that we didn't arrive earlier.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Her performance was significantly more nuanced than her debut.
Fácil de confundir
Learners use superlatives (best, biggest) when only comparing two things.
These words sound similar but have completely different meanings.
Using both 'more' and '-er' on the same adjective.
Erros comuns
He is more tall than me.
He is taller than me.
This is more better.
This is better.
I am taller that him.
I am taller than him.
My car is biger than yours.
My car is bigger than yours.
It is more easy now.
It is easier now.
She is more happy than before.
She is happier than before.
This is badder than that.
This is worse than that.
The movie was less better than I thought.
The movie was not as good as I thought.
He is more taller.
He is much taller.
I have more few books than you.
I have fewer books than you.
He is the taller of the three.
He is the tallest of the three.
It's getting more and more hot.
It's getting hotter and hotter.
I prefer tea than coffee.
I prefer tea to coffee.
Padrões de frases
My ___ is ___er than yours.
This ___ is more ___ than that one.
I think ___ is better than ___.
The ___er it is, the more ___ it becomes.
Real World Usage
This model is much quieter than the previous version.
I am looking for a more challenging role.
I'm looking for someone taller than 6 feet.
This SUV is safer and more reliable for families.
Tomorrow will be colder and windier than today.
Is there a cheaper flight available?
Conte as Sílabas
She is more beautiful than the sunset.
Nada de Comparativo Duplo!
It is bigger, not more bigger.
O Segredo do 'Than'
My coffee is hotter than yours.
Comparativos no Pop
Work it harder, make it better, do it faster, makes us stronger.
Dê Intensidade
This car is a little more expensive.
Smart Tips
Always change the 'y' to 'i' before adding '-er'. It works for happy, busy, easy, and crazy!
Use 'much' or 'a bit' to show the size of the difference.
In casual English, we use 'than me' or 'than him'. In very formal English, we use 'than I am' or 'than he is'.
Use 'the [comparative] one' to choose between two items without repeating the noun.
Pronúncia
The Schwa sound in '-er'
The '-er' ending is almost always pronounced as a weak schwa /ə/. Do not stress it.
Linking 'than'
The word 'than' is usually reduced to /ðən/ and links to the following word.
Comparison Stress
This one is BIGGER than that one.
Stress the comparative adjective to emphasize the difference.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Short words get 'er' (like a motor), long words get 'more' (like a crowd).
Associação visual
Imagine a tiny mouse with a long tail shaped like the letters 'ER' standing next to a giant elephant wearing a shirt that says 'MORE'.
Rhyme
Short gets -er, long gets more, use 'than' to settle the score!
Story
A small ant (Short) wanted to be a runner, so he became 'faster'. A beautiful butterfly (Long) didn't want to change her name, so she just became 'more beautiful'. They both had to cross the 'Than' bridge to finish the race.
Word Web
Desafio
Look around your room. Find two objects and say three sentences comparing them out loud (e.g., 'The lamp is taller than the book').
Notas culturais
Americans often use 'farther' for physical distance and 'further' for metaphorical distance. British speakers often use 'further' for both.
In Japanese culture, direct comparisons can sometimes be seen as too blunt. In English, however, they are expected and necessary for clarity.
German speakers may find the English use of 'more' for long adjectives similar to their own 'mehr', but must remember that German also uses suffixes for almost all adjectives.
The '-er' suffix comes from the Old English '-ra', which was used to form comparatives in Germanic languages.
Iniciadores de conversa
Which is better: living in a big city or a small village?
Compare your current phone with your previous one.
Is it better to be a student or an employee?
How has your life changed in the last five years?
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
This coffee is ___ (hot) than mine.
Find and fix the mistake:
My new laptop is more faster than my old one.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /3
Exercicios praticos
8 exercisesMy house is ___ (big) than yours.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
This coffee is more better than the one I had yesterday.
than / is / My / faster / car / yours
Match the following:
I am taller ___ my father.
Pick the irregular comparative.
This book is ___ (interesting) than the movie.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThis bed is much ___ (comfortable) than the old one.
Escolha a frase correta:
Living in the city is excitinger than the countryside.
Traduza para o inglês: 'O exame foi mais difícil do que eu pensava.'
Organize as palavras:
This path is ___ (narrow) than the main road.
Combine os adjetivos com seus comparativos:
Our team's presentation was gooder than theirs.
Qual está correta?
Traduza: 'Minha bicicleta é mais velha que a sua.'
Organize a frase:
Combine os pares:
Score: /12
Perguntas frequentes (8)
Double the last letter for one-syllable words that end in a single vowel + single consonant (like `big` -> `bigger`, `hot` -> `hotter`). Do not double it if there are two vowels (like `cheap` -> `cheaper`).
Both are correct! In American English, `farther` is usually for physical distance and `further` is for metaphorical distance (like 'further information'). In British English, `further` is common for both.
Both are actually correct! Some two-syllable words like `clever`, `simple`, and `narrow` can take either form, though `-er` is more traditional.
Because `better` already means 'more good'. Saying `more better` is like saying 'more more good', which is redundant and incorrect in standard English.
`Than` is for comparing things (He is taller `than` me). `Then` is for time or sequences (I went home, `then` I ate dinner).
Use the structure `as + adjective + as`. For example, 'I am `as tall as` my brother.'
Yes! For example, 'He runs `faster` than me' or 'She speaks `more clearly` than her friend.' The rules for syllables are the same.
You can use `less + adjective + than`. For example, 'This phone is `less expensive` than that one.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
más + adjective + que
English has two systems (-er and more), while Spanish only has one (más).
plus + adjective + que
French never changes the ending of the adjective to mean 'more'.
adjective + -er + als
German uses the suffix for almost all adjectives, whereas English switches to 'more' for long ones.
A no hou ga B yori [adj]
Japanese grammar structure for comparison is completely different from the English SVO structure.
Elative form (Af'al)
Arabic uses a morphological internal change rather than a simple suffix or prefix.
A bǐ B + adjective
Chinese has no inflection or 'more' equivalent within the comparative sentence.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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