B2 · Intermedio alto Capítulo 46

Nominalization

4 Reglas totales
1 min
Reglas en este capítulo Práctica rápida

Lo que aprenderás

Turning verbs into nouns. Covers the use of 'kan' and 'khwam' prefixes.

Consejos y trucos (4)

🎯

The 'Body' Test

If you can do the action with your body or mind (run, think, speak), use 'Kan'. If it's just a feeling (happy, sad), use 'Khwam'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'
💡

Check the type

Is it an action? Use Kan. Is it a state? Use Khwam.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'
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The 'Feeling' Test

If you can say 'I feel...' before the word in English, use 'Khuam' in Lao.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns
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The 'Mental State' Rule

If a verb happens inside the head (think, know, understand), use ຄວາມ-. If it happens with the body (run, eat, write), use ການ-.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

Práctica rápida (10)

Choose the correct nominalizer.

___-kin (eating)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kan
Eating is a physical action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Khwam-pai

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kan-pai
Going is an action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Choose the correct prefix for 'happy' (ສຸກ) to mean 'happiness'.

___ສຸກ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຄວາມ
Happiness is a state/feeling, so it uses 'ຄວາມ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Choose the correct word.

Khwam-___ (truth)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ching
Ching means true.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Find the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

ຂ້ອຍມີການສຸກຫຼາຍ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ການສຸກ
It should be 'ຄວາມສຸກ' because happiness is a state, not an action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

Correct the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

ຂ້ອຍມັກການດີຂອງເຈົ້າ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
'Good' (ດີ) is an adjective, so it must use 'ຄວາມ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'

Fill in the blank.

Khwam-___ (beauty)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ngam
Ngam means beautiful.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Choose the correct prefix for 'ຮັກ' (love) as a noun.

___ ຮັກແມ່ນສິ່ງທີ່ສວຍງາມ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຄວາມ
Love is an abstract emotion/state, so it uses 'Khuam'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

Which one means 'Politics'?

Choose the correct formal term.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
'Politics' is a formal noun derived from 'city affairs' using 'ການ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'

Fill in the correct nominalizer (ການ or ຄວາມ).

___ ຮຽນພາສາລາວແມ່ນມ່ວນຫຼາຍ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Learning is an action, so we use 'ການ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'

Score: /10

Preguntas frecuentes (6)

Use ການ (Kan) for actions (doing) and ຄວາມ (Khwam) for feelings or states (being). For example, ການຮັກ is the act of loving, while ຄວາມຮັກ is the feeling of love.
Almost any action verb can take ການ. However, it sounds unnatural with some very basic verbs in casual speech.
A nominalizer for abstract nouns.
Prefix it to adjectives.
No, they are mutually exclusive prefixes for a single root. You choose one based on whether you mean a state or an action.
Mostly, but it also covers any abstract quality like ຄວາມໄວ (speed) or ຄວາມຮ້ອນ (heat).
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