B2 · 中高级 章节 46

Nominalization

4 总规则
1 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

你将学到什么

Turning verbs into nouns. Covers the use of 'kan' and 'khwam' prefixes.

技巧与窍门 (4)

🎯

The 'Body' Test

If you can do the action with your body or mind (run, think, speak), use 'Kan'. If it's just a feeling (happy, sad), use 'Khwam'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'
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Check the type

Is it an action? Use Kan. Is it a state? Use Khwam.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'
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The 'Feeling' Test

If you can say 'I feel...' before the word in English, use 'Khuam' in Lao.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns
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The 'Mental State' Rule

If a verb happens inside the head (think, know, understand), use ຄວາມ-. If it happens with the body (run, eat, write), use ການ-.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

快速练习 (10)

Choose the correct prefix for 'happy' (ສຸກ) to mean 'happiness'.

___ສຸກ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຄວາມ
Happiness is a state/feeling, so it uses 'ຄວາມ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Choose the correct prefix for 'ຮັກ' (love) as a noun.

___ ຮັກແມ່ນສິ່ງທີ່ສວຍງາມ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຄວາມ
Love is an abstract emotion/state, so it uses 'Khuam'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

Choose the correct word.

Khwam-___ (truth)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ching
Ching means true.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Fill in the blank to mean 'The act of studying'.

___ຮຽນແມ່ນສິ່ງທີ່ດີ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ການ
Studying is an action, so it uses 'ການ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Fill in the blank with the correct nominalizer.

___ ຮຽນພາສາລາວບໍ່ຍາກປານໃດ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ການ
Studying is an action, so 'Kan' is required.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Derived Nouns

Correct the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

ຂ້ອຍມັກການດີຂອງເຈົ້າ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
'Good' (ດີ) is an adjective, so it must use 'ຄວາມ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'

Fill in the blank.

Khwam-___ (beauty)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ngam
Ngam means beautiful.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Fill in the blank.

Khwam-___ (happiness)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: suk
Suk is the adjective for happy.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Khwam-pai

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kan-pai
Going is an action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Khwam'

Fill in the correct nominalizer (ການ or ຄວາມ).

___ ຮຽນພາສາລາວແມ່ນມ່ວນຫຼາຍ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Learning is an action, so we use 'ການ'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization 'Kan'

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

Use ການ (Kan) for actions (doing) and ຄວາມ (Khwam) for feelings or states (being). For example, ການຮັກ is the act of loving, while ຄວາມຮັກ is the feeling of love.
Almost any action verb can take ການ. However, it sounds unnatural with some very basic verbs in casual speech.
A nominalizer for abstract nouns.
Prefix it to adjectives.
No, they are mutually exclusive prefixes for a single root. You choose one based on whether you mean a state or an action.
Mostly, but it also covers any abstract quality like ຄວາມໄວ (speed) or ຄວາມຮ້ອນ (heat).
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