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A1 adjective 9 min de lectura

ຮ້ອນ

Hot (temperature)

At the A1 level, learners use ຮ້ອນ (hon) to describe basic physical sensations and immediate environmental conditions. The focus is on simple Subject-Adjective sentences like 'I am hot' (khoy hon) or 'The water is hot' (nam hon). Learners at this stage should be able to distinguish between 'hon' (hot) and 'yen' (cool) and use them to express basic preferences in food and weather. The vocabulary is limited to high-frequency daily interactions, such as ordering a hot drink or commenting on the afternoon sun. Understanding the high tone is the primary phonetic goal at this level. You will mostly use it with the intensifier 'lai' (very) to express discomfort. It is a vital survival word for anyone traveling to Laos, as it helps in communicating physical needs to hosts or service staff. Examples at this level are short, direct, and usually involve concrete nouns like coffee, water, or weather.
At the A2 level, learners begin to use ຮ້ອນ in more descriptive ways and start to form simple comparisons. You might say 'Today is hotter than yesterday' (mue ni hon kua mue van) or use the word to describe specific objects in a household. A2 learners should understand the difference between 'hon' and 'un' (warm) and be able to use 'bo' (not) to negate the adjective. At this stage, you also learn to use ຮ້ອນ in basic questions to inquire about others' comfort or the state of food. You might also encounter the word in compound nouns related to electricity or appliances, such as a water heater. The context expands from just 'me' and 'now' to include different times of the day and simple cause-and-effect sentences, such as 'It is hot, so I will open the window.'
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At the B1 level, the use of ຮ້ອນ transitions from purely physical descriptions to more abstract and idiomatic expressions. Learners start to encounter phrases like 'chai hon' (impatient/hot-tempered) and 'hon chai' (anxious). You will be able to describe the climate of Laos in more detail, using ຮ້ອນ to explain the seasonal changes and the impact of heat on daily life or agriculture. B1 learners can handle more complex sentence structures, such as 'Even though it is hot, I still want to go for a walk.' You will also learn the nominalized form 'khuam hon' (heat) and use it in sentences discussing health or science. At this level, you can also differentiate between the 'hon' of the sun and the 'ob-ao' of humidity, providing a more nuanced description of the environment.
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At the B2 level, learners use ຮ້ອນ with a degree of fluency that allows for participation in debates or detailed discussions. You might discuss the 'hot' topics in the news or use the word metaphorically to describe a 'heated' argument. B2 learners understand the cultural significance of heat in Lao festivals and can explain the role of 'hon' in traditional medicine (e.g., balancing hot and cold elements in the body). You can use a variety of intensifiers and adverbs to modify the degree of heat, such as 'hon ka' (intense heat) or 'hon phod hon luea' (excessively hot). Your ability to use ຮ້ອນ in literary or formal contexts increases, allowing you to read news reports about heatwaves or climate change with better comprehension.
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At the C1 level, ຮ້ອນ is used with stylistic flair. You can appreciate and use the word in Lao poetry or formal speeches where it might symbolize passion, urgency, or social unrest. C1 learners are comfortable with rare or archaic synonyms and can use ຮ້ອນ in complex philosophical discussions about the nature of suffering (often compared to fire or heat in Buddhist contexts). You can accurately interpret the subtle differences in tone and register when ຮ້ອນ is used in different social strata. At this level, your usage of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the use of slang and regional variations in how heat is described or complained about. You can also translate complex English concepts involving 'heat' into the most appropriate Lao equivalent, whether it be literal or metaphorical.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of ຮ້ອນ and its entire semantic field. You can conduct academic research or give high-level presentations in Lao where 'khuam hon' (thermodynamics or social heat) is a central theme. You understand the deepest etymological roots of the word and its cognates in other Tai-Kadai languages. You can use ຮ້ອນ in puns, sophisticated wordplay, and as a tool for irony or sarcasm. Your understanding of the word is integrated with a deep knowledge of Lao history, where 'hot' periods of conflict are described using this terminology. You can mentor others on the subtle nuances of Lao adjectives and how the concept of heat is central to the Lao world-view, from the architecture of their homes to the structure of their social interactions.
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Ejemplos

ຮ້ອນ en 30 segundos

  • The basic word for 'hot' in terms of temperature.
  • Used for weather, food, drinks, and physical objects.
  • Commonly appears in idioms for anxiety and impatience.
  • Essential for daily survival and social small talk in Laos.
The Lao word ຮ້ອນ (pronounced 'hon' with a high-rising tone) is a foundational adjective in the Lao language, primarily used to describe thermal conditions that exceed comfort levels. In a country like Laos, which experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by high humidity and significant solar radiation, the word ຮ້ອນ is perhaps one of the most frequently uttered terms in daily conversation. At its most basic level, it refers to physical heat—the kind you feel when standing under the midday sun in Vientiane or when touching a bowl of freshly steamed sticky rice. However, the linguistic utility of ຮ້ອນ extends far beyond simple meteorology. It serves as a vital descriptor for liquids, solids, and even abstract concepts. When you walk into a local noodle shop, you might use it to describe the broth; when you are discussing the weather with a neighbor, it is the standard descriptor for the intense heat of the dry season.
Climatic Context
In Laos, the term is most commonly applied to the weather during the months of March, April, and May, where temperatures frequently soar above 40 degrees Celsius. In this context, it is often paired with the intensifier ຫຼາຍ (lai) to form ຮ້ອນຫຼາຍ (very hot).

ມື້ນີ້ອາກາດ ຮ້ອນ ຫຼາຍ, ເຮົາຄວນໄປລອຍນ້ຳ. (Today the weather is very hot; we should go swimming.)

Beyond the physical sensation of heat, ຮ້ອນ is deeply embedded in the Lao psyche as a metaphor for urgency, discomfort, and emotional volatility. To understand ຮ້ອນ is to understand the Lao relationship with their environment. It is not merely a temperature reading; it is a shared experience of the tropical reality. When a Lao person says they are 'hon,' they are often seeking empathy or suggesting a change in environment, such as moving to a shaded area or turning on a fan (ພັດລົມ).
Physical Objects
When applied to objects, ຮ້ອນ precedes or follows the noun depending on the sentence structure, but typically functions as a stative verb. For example, 'nam hon' (hot water) is a standard compound noun used for tea, coffee, or bathing.

ລະວັງເດີ້, ຈອກນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ຫຼາຍ! (Be careful, this cup is very hot!)

Metaphorical Heat
In Lao literature and daily slang, heat represents pressure. 'Hon ngern' (hot for money) means to be in desperate need of cash, while 'hon chai' (hot heart) refers to anxiety or worry about a situation.

ຂ້ອຍ ຮ້ອນ ໃຈນຳວຽກບ້ານທີ່ຍັງບໍ່ທັນແລ້ວ. (I am worried/anxious about the homework that isn't finished yet.)

ແສງແດດ ຮ້ອນ ກ້າໃນຍາມທ່ຽງ. (The sunlight is intensely hot at noon.)

ລາວຮູ້ສຶກ ຮ້ອນ ວູບວາບຕາມຕົນຕົວ. (He felt a sudden flush of heat throughout his body.)

Understanding the nuances of ຮ້ອນ allows a learner to navigate social settings, order food safely, and express their internal state with the precision of a native speaker. It is a word that carries the weight of the sun and the fire of the kitchen.
Using ຮ້ອນ in a sentence follows the standard Lao grammar pattern where adjectives often function as stative verbs. This means you do not need a separate word for 'to be' (like 'is' or 'am') when describing a state. For example, 'khoy hon' (ຂ້ອຍຮ້ອນ) literally translates to 'I hot,' but means 'I am hot.' This simplicity is one of the first things learners appreciate about Lao sentence structure. However, as one progresses, the placement of ຮ້ອນ changes depending on whether it is modifying a noun or acting as the main predicate.
As a Predicate
When ຮ້ອນ comes after the subject, it describes the subject's state. 'Akad hon' (The weather is hot). 'Khao hon' (The rice is hot). In this position, you can add adverbs of degree like 'lai' (very), 'phod' (too much), or 'naenon' (definitely).

ນ້ຳໃນໝໍ້ ຮ້ອນ ແລ້ວ. (The water in the pot is already hot.)

As an Adjective
When modifying a noun to create a specific object, ຮ້ອນ follows the noun. 'Nam hon' (Hot water), 'Lom hon' (Hot wind/air). This is essential for ordering drinks. If you want a hot coffee, you ask for 'kafe hon.' If you want an iced coffee, you ask for 'kafe yen.'

ຂ້ອຍຢາກດື່ມຊາ ຮ້ອນ ຈອກໜຶ່ງ. (I want to drink a cup of hot tea.)

Negative and Interrogative
To say something is not hot, use 'bo' (ບໍ່) before the word: 'bo hon.' To ask if something is hot, add 'bo' (ບໍ່) at the end of the sentence: 'hon bo?'

ອາຫານນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ບໍ່? ບໍ່, ມັນເຢັນແລ້ວ. (Is this food hot? No, it is already cool.)

ມື້ນີ້ບໍ່ ຮ້ອນ ປານໃດ ເພາະວ່າຝົນຕົກ. (Today is not that hot because it rained.)

ເດືອນເມສາ ຮ້ອນ ທີ່ສຸດໃນປີ. (April is the hottest month in the year.)

ຢ່າຟ້າວກິນ, ມັນຍັງ ຮ້ອນ ຢູ່! (Don't eat yet, it's still hot!)

By mastering these patterns, you can effectively communicate your needs and observations regarding temperature in any Lao-speaking environment. Whether you are dealing with the weather, food, or complex emotions, the structural consistency of ຮ້ອນ makes it a versatile tool for any learner.
If you spend a single day in Laos, you will hear the word ຮ້ອນ dozens of times. Its most common habitat is the 'Lao greeting' or small talk that occurs between neighbors, colleagues, and strangers. Unlike in English-speaking cultures where people might talk about the rain, in Laos, people bond over the shared struggle of the heat. You will hear it at the morning market (talat sao) when vendors are fanning themselves with pieces of cardboard. You will hear it in the office when someone walks in from the outside and immediately asks to turn up the air conditioning (ae). The word is ubiquitous because the sensation is ever-present.
The Street Market
Vendors use 'hon' to warn customers about hot food items like 'ping kai' (grilled chicken) or 'khao piak sen' (noodle soup). You will often hear 'ระวังเด้อ มันຮ້ອນ' (Be careful, it's hot).

ແມ່ຄ້າບອກວ່າ: 'ແກງນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ໃໝ່ໆເລີຍເດີ້!' (The vendor said: 'This soup is fresh and hot!')

In the Home
Family members will use 'hon' to discuss whether the water heater is working or if the children should play outside. It is also a central word during the Lao New Year (Pi Mai), where people throw water to relieve the 'hon' of the hottest month.

ລູກເອີ້ຍ, ຢ່າອອກໄປຫຼິ້ນຂ້າງນອກ, ແດດ ຮ້ອນ ຫຼາຍ. (Child, don't go play outside, the sun is very hot.)

Professional Settings
In workshops or construction sites, 'hon' is a safety word. It describes machinery, welding sparks, or asphalt. In offices, it describes the 'hon' of a deadline or a heated debate.

ເຄື່ອງຈັກນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ເກີນໄປ, ຕ້ອງໄດ້ພັກຜ່ອນ. (This machine is too hot; it needs to rest.)

ສຽງເພງນີ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ບັນຍາກາດ ຮ້ອນ ຂຶ້ນ. (This song makes the atmosphere heat up/more exciting.)

ລາວເວົ້າດ້ວຍນ້ຳສຽງທີ່ ຮ້ອນ ແຮງ. (He spoke with a passionate/heated tone.)

Whether you are in a quiet temple or a bustling night market, the word ຮ້ອນ is a constant companion, reflecting the physical and social climate of Laos.
For English speakers learning Lao, the most frequent mistake with ຮ້ອນ is not grammatical, but phonological and contextual. Because Lao is a tonal language, the high-rising tone of ຮ້ອນ must be precise. If pronounced with a falling or flat tone, it may lose its meaning or be confused with words like 'hon' (to hide/conceal, though spelled differently). Another common error involves the distinction between 'hot' (temperature) and 'spicy' (pungent). In English, we use 'hot' for both. In Lao, you must never use ຮ້ອນ for spicy food. The word for spicy is 'phet' (ເຜັດ). If you tell a waiter your food is 'hon,' they will think you mean the temperature and might wait for it to cool down, rather than bringing you water to soothe the chili burn.
The 'Spicy' Confusion
Always remember: Temperature = ຮ້ອນ (hon). Spiciness = ເຜັດ (phet). This is the number one mistake for beginners.

Wrong: ສົ້ມຕຳນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ຫຼາຍ (This papaya salad is very hot/spicy). Correct: ສົ້ມຕຳນີ້ ເຜັດ ຫຼາຍ.

Subject-Verb Confusion
English speakers often try to insert the word 'pen' (to be) before ຮ້ອນ. While 'khoy pen khon hon' (I am a hot person) is grammatically possible, it sounds unnatural. Simply say 'khoy hon.'

Unnatural: ຂ້ອຍເປັນ ຮ້ອນ. Natural: ຂ້ອຍຮ້ອນ.

Overusing for 'Warm'
If something is pleasantly warm, use 'un' (ອຸ່ນ). Using 'hon' for a nice warm bath makes it sound like you are being scalded.

ແກງນີ້ ຮ້ອນ ໂພດ, ກິນບໍ່ໄດ້. (This soup is too hot; I can't eat it.)

ຢ່າຈັບເຫຼັກນັ້ນ, ມັນ ຮ້ອນ ໄໝ້! (Don't touch that iron, it's burning hot!)

ລາວສັບສົນລະຫວ່າງ ຮ້ອນ ກັບ ເຜັດ. (He is confused between hot and spicy.)

Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Lao sound much more authentic and prevent confusing interactions at the dinner table or in the street.
While ຮ້ອນ is the go-to word for 'hot,' Lao offers a rich palette of alternatives that describe specific types of heat or related sensations. Understanding these nuances will elevate your Lao from basic to advanced.
ອົບເອົ້າ (Ob-Ao)
This word specifically describes 'stuffy' or 'humid' heat. It's the feeling you get right before a rainstorm when the air is thick and unmoving. It is more descriptive of the atmosphere than just the temperature.
ອຸ່ນ (Un)
Meaning 'warm.' Use this for comfortable heat, like a warm blanket or a warm drink that is ready to be consumed.
ໄໝ້ (Mai)
Meaning 'burning' or 'on fire.' If you want to emphasize that something is dangerously hot, you might say 'hon mai.'

ມື້ນີ້ອາກາດ ອົບເອົ້າ ຫຼາຍ, ຝົນຄືຈະຕົກ. (Today it is very humid/stuffy; it looks like it will rain.)

Comparison Table
WordMeaningIntensity
ອຸ່ນ (Un)WarmLow
ຮ້ອນ (Hon)HotMedium-High
ຮ້ອນກ້າ (Hon Ka)Intense HeatHigh
ໄໝ້ (Mai)BurningExtreme

ນ້ຳ ອຸ່ນ ກຳລັງດີສຳລັບການອາບນ້ຳ. (Warm water is just right for bathing.)

ຂ້ອຍມັກອາກາດ ເຢັນ ຫຼາຍກວ່າອາກາດຮ້ອນ. (I like cool weather more than hot weather.)

ໄຟ ຮ້ອນ ຫຼາຍ, ຢ່າເຂົ້າໃກ້. (The fire is very hot; don't go near it.)

ຄວາມ ຮ້ອນ ຈາກເຕົາເຮັດໃຫ້ຫ້ອງອົບອຸ່ນ. (The heat from the stove makes the room warm.)

Learning these distinctions will allow you to describe your environment with much greater accuracy and cultural sensitivity.
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Ejemplos por nivel

1

ມື້ນີ້ຮ້ອນ.

Today is hot.

Simple Subject + Adjective.

2

ນ້ຳຮ້ອນຫຼາຍ.

The water is very hot.

Adjective + Intensifier.

3

ຂ້ອຍຮ້ອນ.

I am hot.

Stative verb usage.

4

ກາເຟຮ້ອນ.

Hot coffee.

Noun + Modifier.

5

ບໍ່ຮ້ອນ.

Not hot.

Negation with 'bo'.

6

ຮ້ອນບໍ່?

Is it hot?

Question with 'bo'.

7

ແດດຮ້ອນ.

The sun is hot.

Subject is 'daed' (sunlight).

8

ເຂົ້າຮ້ອນໆ.

Freshly hot rice.

Reduplication for emphasis.

1

ມື້ນີ້ຮ້ອນກວ່າວານນີ້.

Today is hotter than yesterday.

Comparative with 'kua'.

2

ຂ້ອຍຢາກໄດ້ນ້ຳເຢັນ, ບໍ່ແມ່ນນ້ຳຮ້ອນ.

I want cold water, not hot water.

Contrastive sentence.

3

ອາກາດຮ້ອນເຮັດໃຫ້ຂ້ອຍເມື່ອຍ.

The hot weather makes me tired.

Cause and effect.

4

ແກງນີ້ຮ້ອນໂພດ, ກິນບໍ່ໄດ້.

This soup is too hot; I can't eat it.

Adverb 'phod' (too).

5

ເຈົ້າຮ້ອນບໍ່? ຂ້ອຍຈະເປີດພັດລົມ.

Are you hot? I will turn on the fan.

Conditional offer.

6

ເດືອນເມສາແມ່ນເດືອນທີ່ຮ້ອນທີ່ສຸດ.

April is the hottest month.

Superlative with 'thi sut'.

7

ຮ້ອນຫຼາຍ, ໄປອາບນ້ຳກັນເຖາະ.

It's very hot; let's go take a shower.

Suggestion.

8

ລະວັງ, ໝໍ້ນີ້ຮ້ອນເດີ້.

Watch out, this pot is hot.

Warning with 'lavang'.

1

ລາວເປັນຄົນໃຈຮ້ອນ, ມັກຮ້າຍໄວ.

He is a hot-tempered person; he gets angry easily.

Idiom 'chai hon'.

2

ຂ້ອຍຮູ້ສຶກຮ້ອນໃຈຍ້ອນວ່າຍັງບໍ່ໄດ້ສົ່ງວຽກ.

I feel anxious because I haven't submitted the work yet.

Idiom 'hon chai'.

3

ຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງແສງແດດຊ່ວຍໃຫ້ຜ້າແຫ້ງໄວ.

The heat of the sun helps clothes dry quickly.

Nominalized 'khuam hon'.

4

ອາກາດມື້ນີ້ອົບເອົ້າຫຼາຍ, ຄືຝົນຈະຕົກ.

The weather today is very humid; it looks like rain.

Specific synonym 'ob-ao'.

5

ພວກເຮົາຄວນຫຼີກເວັ້ນການອອກແດດໃນຍາມຮ້ອນກ້າ.

We should avoid going out in the intense heat.

Formal vocabulary 'หลີກເວັ້ນ'.

6

ເຄື່ອງຈັກນີ້ເຮັດວຽກໜັກຈົນຮ້ອນ.

This machine worked hard until it became hot.

Resultative structure.

7

ລາວຮ້ອນເງິນຫຼາຍຈົນຕ້ອງຂາຍລົດ.

He was so desperate for money that he had to sell his car.

Idiom 'hon ngern'.

8

ດື່ມນ້ຳອຸ່ນດີຕໍ່ສຸຂະພາບກວ່ານ້ຳຮ້ອນຈັດ.

Drinking warm water is better for health than scalding hot water.

Comparison of 'un' and 'hon chat'.

1

ສະຖານະການການເມືອງພວມຮ້ອນຂຶ້ນເລື້ອຍໆ.

The political situation is heating up steadily.

Metaphorical usage.

2

ຄວາມຮ້ອນໃນຫ້ອງນີ້ບໍ່ສາມາດລະບາຍອອກໄດ້.

The heat in this room cannot be ventilated.

Technical context.

3

ລາວເວົ້າດ້ວຍຄວາມຮ້ອນແຮງເພື່ອປົກປ້ອງສິດທິຂອງຕົນ.

He spoke with passion to protect his rights.

Metaphorical 'hon haeng'.

4

ການປ່ຽນແປງສະພາບອາກາດເຮັດໃຫ້ໂລກຮ້ອນຂຶ້ນ.

Climate change is making the world hotter.

Global warming context.

5

ຢ່າເຮັດຫຍັງດ້ວຍຄວາມຮ້ອນວູ່ວາມ.

Don't do anything with rashness/impulsiveness.

Compound 'hon vu vam'.

6

ລາວຮູ້ສຶກຮ້ອນວູບວາບຕາມໃບໜ້າເມື່ອຖືກຖາມ.

He felt a sudden flush on his face when asked.

Descriptive sensation.

7

ພື້ນທີ່ນີ້ມີຄວາມຮ້ອນສະສົມສູງໃນຕອນກາງຄືນ.

This area has high accumulated heat at night.

Scientific description.

8

ເຂົາເຈົ້າກຳລັງຖົກຖຽງກັນຢ່າງຮ້ອນເຜັດ.

They are having a heated/spicy argument.

Idiomatic 'hon phet'.

1

ບົດກະວີນີ້ພັນລະນາເຖິງຄວາມຮ້ອນແຮງຂອງຄວາມຮັກ.

This poem describes the intensity/heat of love.

Literary usage.

2

ກະແສຟອງຄວາມຮ້ອນໄດ້ພັດຜ່ານຫຼາຍປະເທດ.

A heatwave has swept through many countries.

Formal news terminology.

3

ຄວາມຮ້ອນຮົນໃນຈິດໃຈເຮັດໃຫ້ລາວນອນບໍ່ຫຼັບ.

The restlessness in his mind made him unable to sleep.

Psychological nuance.

4

ລັດຖະບານຕ້ອງແກ້ໄຂບັນຫາທີ່ຮ້ອນດ່ວນນີ້ໂດຍໄວ.

The government must resolve this urgent/hot issue quickly.

Compound 'hon duan'.

5

ພະລັງງານຄວາມຮ້ອນໃຕ້ພື້ນດິນສາມາດນຳມາໃຊ້ຜະລິດໄຟຟ້າ.

Geothermal energy can be used to produce electricity.

Technical/Scientific.

6

ລາວມີຄວາມປາດຖະໜາອັນຮ້ອນແຮງທີ່ຈະປະສົບຜົນສຳເລັດ.

He has a burning desire to succeed.

Abstract intensity.

7

ສື່ມວນຊົນກຳລັງໃຫ້ຄວາມສົນໃຈກັບປະເດັນທີ່ຮ້ອນແຮງນີ້.

The media is paying attention to this hot-button issue.

Journalistic register.

8

ຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງໄຟສົງຄາມໄດ້ທຳລາຍທຸກສິ່ງທຸກຢ່າງ.

The heat of the fire of war destroyed everything.

Metaphorical/Historical.

1

ໃນທາງພຸດທະສາສະໜາ, ກິເລດປຽບເໝືອນໄຟທີ່ຮ້ອນເຜົາ.

In Buddhism, defilements are compared to a burning fire.

Philosophical register.

2

ການວິໄຈນີ້ເນັ້ນໃສ່ການນຳໃຊ້ຄວາມຮ້ອນເຫຼືອຖິ້ມໃນອຸດສາຫະກຳ.

This research focuses on the use of waste heat in industry.

Academic/Industrial.

3

ຄວາມຮ້ອນລະອຸໃນສັງຄົມອາດນຳໄປສູ່ການປ່ຽນແປງຄັ້ງໃຫຍ່.

The simmering heat in society might lead to a major change.

Sociological metaphor.

4

ນັກປາດກ່າວວ່າຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງປັນຍາຈະລະລາຍຄວາມໂງ່ຈ້າ.

Sages say the heat of wisdom will melt ignorance.

Proverbial/Philosophical.

5

ລະບົບນິເວດກຳລັງປະເຊີນກັບຄວາມຮ້ອນທີ່ບໍ່ເຄີຍມີມາກ່ອນ.

The ecosystem is facing unprecedented heat.

Environmental science.

6

ລາວໃຊ້ຖ້ອຍຄຳທີ່ຮ້ອນແຮງແລະສະຫຼັບຊັບຊ້ອນໃນບົດປາໄສ.

He used passionate and complex words in his speech.

Rhetorical analysis.

7

ການຄວບຄຸມຄວາມຮ້ອນໃນລະດັບອະຕອມແມ່ນສິ່ງທ້າທາຍໃໝ່.

Controlling heat at the atomic level is a new challenge.

Advanced physics.

8

ຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງຄວາມພະຍາຍາມຈະນຳມາຊຶ່ງໝາກຜົນ.

The intensity of effort will bring about results.

Abstract motivation.

Colocaciones comunes

ອາກາດຮ້ອນ
ນ້ຳຮ້ອນ
ໃຈຮ້ອນ
ຮ້ອນໃຈ
ແດດຮ້ອນ
ຄວາມຮ້ອນ
ຮ້ອນເງິນ
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