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B2 adjective #10,000 más común 12 min de lectura

colérico

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colérico en 30 segundos

  • Describes someone with a consistently bad temper.
  • Easily angered and prone to outbursts.
  • Similar to 'hot-tempered' or 'choleric'.
The Portuguese word colérico is an adjective that describes someone who is easily angered, prone to outbursts of temper, or generally bad-tempered. It's closely related to the English word 'choleric,' which shares the same root and meaning. When you call someone colérico, you're implying they have a fiery disposition and can become irritable or angry quite quickly, sometimes over seemingly minor issues. This adjective is often used to describe a person's inherent personality trait, suggesting that this is their typical way of behaving, rather than a temporary mood. However, it can also be used to describe someone's behavior in a specific situation if they are acting particularly angry or irritable at that moment. It conveys a sense of someone who is easily provoked and might react with strong emotions, often anger or frustration. This term is generally used in a descriptive, sometimes even critical, manner to highlight a person's negative emotional reactivity. It's a strong word, so it's not typically used for mild annoyance but rather for a more pronounced and consistent tendency towards anger. Think of it as describing someone who has a short fuse or a tendency to fume.
Synonym Nuance
While 'irritado' means 'irritated' or 'annoyed,' colérico suggests a deeper, more ingrained tendency towards anger and a more volatile temper.
Usage Context
You might hear this word used when describing historical figures known for their temper, or in literature to characterize a dramatic and easily angered personality. It's also used in everyday conversation, though perhaps less frequently than more common words for anger, to emphasize a person's particularly hot-headed nature.

O chefe, conhecido por seu temperamento colérico, gritou com o funcionário por um pequeno erro.

The boss, known for his choleric temperament, shouted at the employee for a small mistake.
Understanding colérico involves recognizing the intensity and potential volatility associated with the word. It's not a neutral descriptor; it carries a connotation of someone who is easily provoked and might react strongly and negatively. Think of it as a more extreme version of being easily annoyed. Someone who is colérico might have a quick temper, lash out verbally, or become visibly upset with little provocation. This adjective is useful for painting a vivid picture of a person's personality, especially when their temper is a notable characteristic. It's important to note that while it describes a tendency, it doesn't excuse the behavior, but rather serves to explain it. In some contexts, it can be used humorously to describe someone who has a particularly dramatic reaction to something, but more often it's a serious description of a challenging personality trait. The word itself has a certain gravitas, suggesting a more serious or ingrained disposition than simply being 'angry' for a moment.
Etymological Link
The word derives from the Latin 'cholericus,' which itself comes from the Greek 'kholerikos,' meaning 'bilious,' referring to one of the four humors believed in ancient medicine to cause a person's temperament. A predominance of 'yellow bile' (kholé) was thought to make someone irritable and angry.

Seu comportamento colérico assustou os convidados.

His irritable behavior frightened the guests.
The adjective colérico typically follows the noun it modifies, agreeing in gender and number. It can be used to describe a person's general disposition or their behavior in a specific instance. When describing a person, it often appears after the verb 'ser' (to be). For example, 'Ele é colérico' means 'He is choleric.' When describing a situation or a reaction, it might follow 'estar' (to be, for temporary states) or be used more directly. The word can also be used adverbially in some informal contexts, though its primary function is as an adjective. It's important to use colérico when you want to emphasize a strong, almost habitual tendency towards anger, rather than fleeting irritation. The word's intensity suggests a significant level of temperamental volatility. It is often used to describe characters in literature or to provide a strong characterization in everyday conversation, though it's less common than simpler terms for anger. Consider the context carefully: is it a permanent trait or a temporary outburst? Colérico leans towards the former, implying a deep-seated tendency.
Placement
As an adjective, colérico usually comes after the noun. For a masculine singular noun: 'um homem colérico.' For a feminine singular noun: 'uma mulher colérica.' For masculine plural: 'homens coléricos.' For feminine plural: 'mulheres coléricas.' It agrees in gender and number with the noun it describes.
Verb Association
It is commonly used with 'ser' to describe a personality trait: 'Ele é um indivíduo colérico.' It can also be used with 'estar' to describe a temporary state of being very angry, although this is less common and might imply an unusual outburst for that person: 'Ele está colérico hoje.' However, 'irritado' or 'zangado' are more typical for temporary anger.

O general era conhecido por seu temperamento colérico.

The general was known for his choleric temperament.
Using colérico in a sentence requires an understanding of its strong connotation. It's not a word for mild annoyance. It implies a significant level of anger and a tendency to express it forcefully. For instance, you might say: 'O cliente colérico bateu na mesa e exigiu falar com o gerente.' (The choleric customer banged on the table and demanded to speak to the manager.) Here, colérico vividly portrays the customer's extreme anger. In describing a character, it adds depth: 'Apesar de sua inteligência, seu temperamento colérico o impedia de ter sucesso nas relações interpessoais.' (Despite his intelligence, his choleric temperament prevented him from succeeding in interpersonal relationships.) This highlights how the trait impacts his life. Remember to ensure agreement in gender and number: 'As reações coléricas da atriz eram legendárias.' (The actress's choleric reactions were legendary.)

Não se deve provocar um homem colérico.

One should not provoke a choleric man.
While colérico isn't an everyday word for most speakers, you'll encounter it in specific contexts. Literature is a prime place, where authors use it to craft memorable characters with strong personalities. Think of historical novels or dramas where characters are described with distinct temperaments. You might hear it in discussions about psychology or personality types, particularly when referring to historical classifications of temperaments (like the four humors). In more formal or dramatic speech, it can be used to describe someone whose anger is a significant and defining characteristic. For instance, a news report might describe a politician's colérico outburst during a debate. It's also a word that might be used by older generations or in more traditional settings to describe someone who is known for their temper. While not common in casual slang, it can appear in more sophisticated or literary conversations. In educational settings, especially when studying Portuguese literature or formal language, you will certainly come across it. It's a word that adds a certain flavor and intensity to descriptions, making it a useful tool for writers and articulate speakers. It's a word that carries weight and implies a level of intensity in someone's emotional response.
Literary Use
Authors frequently use colérico to describe characters whose anger is a central part of their personality or plot. It's a descriptor that immediately signals a volatile and potentially explosive character.
Psychological Context
In discussions related to temperament and personality theory, especially historical ones, colérico might appear when discussing the four humors or ancient classifications of personality types.

O crítico de cinema descreveu o diretor como um artista colérico e temperamental.

The film critic described the director as a choleric and temperamental artist.
You'll also hear it in historical dramas or documentaries discussing historical figures known for their tempers. For example, a historian might describe a king or a general as having a colérico nature, implying that their anger often influenced their decisions. In Portuguese-speaking countries, this word might be used in more formal pronouncements or written critiques where a precise and impactful descriptor is desired. It's a word that suggests a certain gravitas and a deep-seated trait rather than a fleeting emotion. If you're reading Portuguese literature or watching films that delve into character psychology, colérico will likely appear to characterize individuals with volatile tempers.

O livro de história descreveu o imperador como um líder colérico.

The history book described the emperor as a choleric leader.
One common mistake is to use colérico for any instance of anger. While it means bad-tempered, it implies a more ingrained and intense disposition than simply being 'irritado' (irritated) or 'zangado' (angry). Using colérico for mild annoyance would be an overstatement and sound unnatural. Another mistake is incorrect agreement. Remember that adjectives in Portuguese must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. So, it's 'um homem colérico' (a choleric man), 'uma mulher colérica' (a choleric woman), 'homens coléricos' (choleric men), and 'mulheres coléricas' (choleric women). Failing to make these adjustments can lead to grammatical errors. Furthermore, some learners might confuse its usage with verbs. Colérico is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot say 'ele colérico' in the same way you might say 'ele corre' (he runs). It needs to be linked with a verb like 'ser' or 'estar' to describe a state or characteristic. Be mindful of its intensity; it's a strong word that should be reserved for significant temperamental issues, not for everyday grumbles. Overusing it can diminish its impact and make your language sound overly dramatic or imprecise.
Overuse for Mild Anger
Using colérico to describe someone who is merely slightly annoyed or grumpy is a common error. This adjective denotes a strong, often habitual, tendency towards intense anger and irritability, not minor displeasure.
Incorrect Gender/Number Agreement
Forgetting to make colérico agree with the noun it modifies is a frequent mistake. Ensure you use 'colérico' (masculine singular), 'colérica' (feminine singular), 'coléricos' (masculine plural), and 'coléricas' (feminine plural) correctly.

O erro comum é usar colérico para descrever apenas um leve aborrecimento.

The common mistake is using colérico to describe only mild annoyance.
Another pitfall is treating colérico as a verb. It is an adjective that describes a noun. You cannot form sentences like 'Ele colérico' without a linking verb. The correct structure is 'Ele é colérico' (He is choleric). Also, be aware of the connotations. While it means bad-tempered, it carries a more formal and intense weight than simpler words for anger. Using it in a very informal setting might sound out of place or overly dramatic. Finally, ensure you understand the nuance compared to similar words. For example, 'agressivo' (aggressive) focuses on the action, while colérico focuses on the underlying temperamental state that leads to anger.

Não confunda colérico com 'irritado', que é menos intenso.

Don't confuse choleric with 'irritated', which is less intense.
When describing someone who is easily angered, several Portuguese words can be used, each with its own nuance. Colérico is a strong term, implying a deep-seated, volatile temper. A more common and general term is irritado, which simply means 'irritated' or 'annoyed.' It's less intense than colérico and can refer to a temporary state. Another common word is zangado, meaning 'angry.' This is a direct translation of anger and can also be temporary. For someone who is perpetually grumpy or ill-tempered, you might use mal-humorado. This focuses more on a consistently bad mood. If the anger is expressed aggressively, agressivo (aggressive) might be appropriate, focusing on the behavior rather than the underlying temper. A more informal term for someone with a short fuse is explosivo (explosive), which suggests quick and intense reactions. When comparing these, colérico stands out for its historical roots and its implication of a more profound, perhaps even constitutional, tendency towards anger. It's a word that suggests a fiery, choleric disposition as described in older medical and psychological theories.
Colérico vs. Irritado
Colérico: Implies a deep, habitual, and intense tendency towards anger; a volatile temper.
Irritado: Means irritated or annoyed; usually a less intense and often temporary state.
Colérico vs. Zangado
Colérico: A more profound and characteristic tendency towards anger.
Zangado: Simply 'angry'; can be temporary or more general.
Colérico vs. Mal-humorado
Colérico: Focuses on the intensity and volatility of anger.
Mal-humorado: Describes a generally grumpy or ill-tempered disposition, often without intense outbursts.

O gerente era colérico, mas o funcionário estava apenas irritado com a situação.

The manager was choleric, but the employee was just irritated with the situation.
For a more informal description of someone with a quick temper, explosivo is a good alternative. It vividly conveys the idea of someone who might 'explode' with anger. Temperamental is also a good general term, but colérico is more specific about the type of temperament – one prone to anger. If you want to emphasize the negative mood rather than just the anger, mal-humorado is more fitting.
Colérico vs. Explosivo
Colérico: Refers to an underlying disposition of anger.
Explosivo: Describes quick, intense, and sudden outbursts of anger.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The concept of the four humors profoundly influenced Western medicine and psychology for centuries. Even though the theory is now disproven, the terms associated with it, like 'choleric,' have persisted in language to describe personality types.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /koˈlɛriko/
US /koˈlɛriko/
co-LÉ-ri-co
Rima con
générico histórico público cômico económico métrico poético simétrico
Errores comunes
  • Misplacing stress: Saying 'CO-lé-ri-co' or 'co-le-RI-co' instead of 'co-LÉ-ri-co'.
  • Pronouncing 'c' as 's': The 'c' before 'o' is a hard 'k' sound, not an 's' sound.
  • Vowel reduction: Ensuring the 'o' sounds are clear and not reduced to a schwa sound, especially in unstressed syllables.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 4/5

Understanding 'colérico' in reading requires recognizing its intensity and specific connotation of a habitually bad temper. It's more nuanced than simpler words for anger and might appear in more formal or literary texts, requiring a solid B2-level comprehension to grasp its full meaning and context.

Escritura 4/5
Expresión oral 4/5
Escucha 4/5

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

bravo zangado irritado raiva temperamento

Aprende después

irascível explosivo mal-humorado temperamental fúria

Avanzado

humor (medical theory) disposição indole paixão

Gramática que debes saber

Adjective Agreement

The adjective 'colérico' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies: 'um homem colérico' (masculine singular), 'uma mulher colérica' (feminine singular), 'homens coléricos' (masculine plural), 'mulheres coléricas' (feminine plural).

Use of 'Ser' vs. 'Estar'

'Ser' is used to describe a permanent characteristic: 'Ele é colérico.' (He is choleric - his nature). 'Estar' can be used for a temporary state but is less common for 'colérico': 'Ele está colérico hoje.' (He is choleric today - unusual).

Placement of Adjectives

Adjectives like 'colérico' typically follow the noun they modify: 'um temperamento colérico' (a choleric temperament).

Possessive Pronouns

When referring to someone's temperament, use possessive pronouns: 'Seu temperamento colérico...' (His/Her choleric temperament...).

Conjunctions for Contrast

Use conjunctions like 'mas' (but) or 'embora' (although) to contrast the 'colérico' trait with other characteristics: 'Apesar de sua inteligência, seu temperamento colérico o prejudicava.' (Despite his intelligence, his choleric temperament harmed him.)

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Ejemplos por nivel

1

Ele fica bravo.

He gets angry.

Simple present tense of 'ficar' (to get/become) + adjective 'bravo' (angry).

2

Ela está zangada.

She is angry.

Present tense of 'estar' (to be) + adjective 'zangada' (angry).

3

O menino é irritado.

The boy is irritable.

Present tense of 'ser' (to be) + adjective 'irritado' (irritable).

4

O cão late muito.

The dog barks a lot.

Simple present tense of 'latir' (to bark) + adverb 'muito' (a lot).

5

Ele tem mau humor.

He has a bad mood.

Verb 'ter' (to have) + noun phrase 'mau humor' (bad mood).

6

Ela não gosta de esperar.

She doesn't like to wait.

Negation 'não' + verb 'gostar' (to like) + infinitive 'esperar' (to wait).

7

O dia está chuvoso.

The day is rainy.

Present tense of 'estar' (to be) + adjective 'chuvoso' (rainy).

8

Ele grita alto.

He shouts loudly.

Simple present tense of 'gritar' (to shout) + adverb 'alto' (loudly).

1

O chefe tem um temperamento difícil.

The boss has a difficult temperament.

Possession 'tem' (has) + noun phrase 'temperamento difícil' (difficult temperament).

2

Ela perde a paciência facilmente.

She loses her patience easily.

Verb 'perder' (to lose) + noun 'paciência' (patience) + adverb 'facilmente' (easily).

3

Ele fica muito irritado com barulho.

He gets very irritated with noise.

Verb 'ficar' (to get) + adverb 'muito' (very) + adjective 'irritado' (irritated) + preposition 'com' (with) + noun 'barulho' (noise).

4

Não é bom ser uma pessoa colérica.

It is not good to be a choleric person.

Negation 'não' + verb 'ser' (to be) + adjective 'colérica' (choleric) + noun 'pessoa' (person).

5

O seu humor muda rapidamente.

His mood changes quickly.

Possessive 'seu' (his) + noun 'humor' (mood) + verb 'muda' (changes) + adverb 'rapidamente' (quickly).

6

Ele tem uma reação exagerada.

He has an exaggerated reaction.

Verb 'ter' (to have) + noun phrase 'reação exagerada' (exaggerated reaction).

7

A vizinha é conhecida por ser mal-humorada.

The neighbor is known for being grumpy.

Passive construction 'é conhecida por ser' (is known for being) + adjective 'mal-humorada' (grumpy).

8

Evite discutir com ele quando está assim.

Avoid arguing with him when he is like this.

Imperative 'evite' (avoid) + infinitive 'discutir' (to argue) + preposition 'com' (with) + pronoun 'ele' (him) + conjunction 'quando' (when) + verb 'está' (is) + adverb 'assim' (like this/so).

1

O seu temperamento colérico causou muitos conflitos no trabalho.

His choleric temperament caused many conflicts at work.

Possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + verb 'causou' (caused) + noun 'conflitos' (conflicts) + prepositional phrase 'no trabalho' (at work).

2

Ela é conhecida por ter um pavio curto e reagir de forma explosiva.

She is known for having a short fuse and reacting explosively.

Passive 'é conhecida por ter' (is known for having) + noun phrase 'pavio curto' (short fuse) + conjunction 'e' (and) + verb 'reagir' (to react) + adverb 'de forma explosiva' (explosively).

3

Evite contrariar o diretor, pois ele pode ficar colérico.

Avoid contradicting the director, as he can become choleric.

Imperative 'evite' (avoid) + infinitive 'contrariar' (to contradict) + preposition 'o' (the) + noun 'diretor' (director) + conjunction 'pois' (as/because) + pronoun 'ele' (he) + modal verb 'pode' (can) + verb 'ficar' (become) + adjective 'colérico' (choleric).

4

O seu comportamento colérico assustou os convidados na festa.

His choleric behavior frightened the guests at the party.

Possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'comportamento colérico' (choleric behavior) + verb 'assustou' (frightened) + noun 'convidados' (guests) + prepositional phrase 'na festa' (at the party).

5

Ele é um homem de muitas paixões, mas também de um temperamento colérico.

He is a man of many passions, but also of a choleric temperament.

Pronoun 'ele' (he) + verb 'é' (is) + noun phrase 'um homem de muitas paixões' (a man of many passions) + conjunction 'mas' (but) + adverb 'também' (also) + preposition 'de' (of) + noun phrase 'um temperamento colérico' (a choleric temperament).

6

Apesar de ser inteligente, seu gênio colérico o prejudicava.

Despite being intelligent, his choleric disposition harmed him.

Conjunction 'apesar de ser' (despite being) + adjective 'inteligente' (intelligent) + possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'gênio colérico' (choleric disposition) + pronoun 'o' (him) + verb 'prejudicava' (harmed).

7

O mau humor dele é notório; é um homem bastante colérico.

His bad mood is notorious; he is a quite choleric man.

Possessive 'o' (his) + noun 'mau humor' (bad mood) + verb 'é' (is) + adverb 'notório' (notorious) + semicolon + pronoun 'é' (he is) + determiner 'um' (a) + adverb 'bastante' (quite) + adjective 'colérico' (choleric) + noun 'homem' (man).

8

Tentar argumentar com ele quando está colérico é inútil.

Trying to argue with him when he is choleric is useless.

Gerund phrase 'tentar argumentar com ele' (trying to argue with him) + conjunction 'quando' (when) + pronoun 'ele' (he) + verb 'está' (is) + adjective 'colérico' (choleric) + verb 'é' (is) + adjective 'inútil' (useless).

1

O seu temperamento colérico, embora às vezes assustador, também demonstrava uma paixão pela vida.

His choleric temperament, although sometimes frightening, also showed a passion for life.

Possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + conjunction 'embora' (although) + adverb 'às vezes' (sometimes) + adjective 'assustador' (frightening) + conjunction 'também' (also) + verb 'demonstrava' (showed) + noun phrase 'uma paixão pela vida' (a passion for life).

2

É preciso ter cuidado ao abordar assuntos sensíveis com pessoas de natureza colérica.

One must be careful when approaching sensitive topics with people of a choleric nature.

Impersonal 'é preciso' (it is necessary) + verb 'ter' (to have) + noun 'cuidado' (care) + conjunction 'ao' (when/upon) + infinitive 'abordar' (to approach) + noun phrase 'assuntos sensíveis' (sensitive topics) + preposition 'com' (with) + noun phrase 'pessoas de natureza colérica' (people of a choleric nature).

3

A sua fama de ser colérico precedia-o, fazendo com que muitos evitassem interagir diretamente.

His reputation for being choleric preceded him, causing many to avoid direct interaction.

Possessive 'a sua' (his) + noun 'fama' (reputation) + preposition 'de ser' (for being) + adjective 'colérico' (choleric) + verb 'precedia-o' (preceded him) + gerund phrase 'fazendo com que muitos evitassem interagir diretamente' (causing many to avoid direct interaction).

4

O velho marinheiro era descrito como um homem colérico, cujas palavras eram tão ásperas quanto o mar revolto.

The old sailor was described as a choleric man, whose words were as harsh as the rough sea.

Determiner 'o' (the) + adjective 'velho' (old) + noun 'marinheiro' (sailor) + verb 'era descrito' (was described) + preposition 'como' (as) + noun phrase 'um homem colérico' (a choleric man) + relative pronoun 'cujas' (whose) + noun 'palavras' (words) + verb 'eram' (were) + adjective phrase 'tão ásperas quanto o mar revolto' (as harsh as the rough sea).

5

Apesar de sua inteligência, seu temperamento colérico frequentemente o impedia de alcançar seu pleno potencial.

Despite his intelligence, his choleric temperament often prevented him from reaching his full potential.

Conjunction 'apesar de' (despite) + possessive 'sua' (his) + noun 'inteligência' (intelligence) + possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + adverb 'frequentemente' (often) + pronoun 'o' (him) + verb 'impidia' (prevented) + infinitive phrase 'de alcançar seu pleno potencial' (from reaching his full potential).

6

O líder, conhecido por sua natureza colérica, exigia obediência absoluta de seus subordinados.

The leader, known for his choleric nature, demanded absolute obedience from his subordinates.

Determiner 'o' (the) + noun 'líder' (leader) + participle phrase 'conhecido por sua natureza colérica' (known for his choleric nature) + verb 'exigia' (demanded) + noun phrase 'obediência absoluta' (absolute obedience) + prepositional phrase 'de seus subordinados' (from his subordinates).

7

Era difícil prever suas reações, pois seu humor podia mudar de calmo para colérico em questão de minutos.

It was difficult to predict his reactions, as his mood could change from calm to choleric in a matter of minutes.

Impersonal 'era difícil' (it was difficult) + infinitive 'prever' (to predict) + possessive 'suas' (his) + noun 'reações' (reactions) + conjunction 'pois' (as/because) + possessive 'seu' (his) + noun 'humor' (mood) + modal verb 'podia' (could) + verb 'mudar' (change) + prepositional phrase 'de calmo para colérico' (from calm to choleric) + prepositional phrase 'em questão de minutos' (in a matter of minutes).

8

Os historiadores frequentemente descrevem figuras históricas com temperamentos coléricos para explicar suas decisões impulsivas.

Historians often describe historical figures with choleric temperaments to explain their impulsive decisions.

Noun 'historiadores' (historians) + adverb 'frequentemente' (often) + verb 'descrevem' (describe) + noun phrase 'figuras históricas' (historical figures) + preposition 'com' (with) + noun phrase 'temperamentos coléricos' (choleric temperaments) + infinitive phrase 'para explicar suas decisões impulsivas' (to explain their impulsive decisions).

1

A sua excentricidade e o seu temperamento colérico faziam dele uma figura complexa e imprevisível.

His eccentricity and his choleric temperament made him a complex and unpredictable figure.

Possessive 'a sua' (his) + noun 'excentricidade' (eccentricity) + conjunction 'e' (and) + possessive 'o seu' (his) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + verb 'faziam' (made) + pronoun 'dele' (him) + noun phrase 'uma figura complexa e imprevisível' (a complex and unpredictable figure).

2

Era notório que, sob a fachada de calma, escondia-se um espírito colérico pronto a explodir.

It was notorious that, beneath the facade of calm, hid a choleric spirit ready to explode.

Impersonal 'era notório' (it was notorious) + conjunction 'que' (that) + preposition 'sob' (beneath) + noun phrase 'a fachada de calma' (the facade of calm) + verb 'escondia-se' (hid) + noun phrase 'um espírito colérico' (a choleric spirit) + adjective phrase 'pronto a explodir' (ready to explode).

3

O crítico literário analisou o protagonista como um arquétipo do homem colérico, cujas paixões o consumiam.

The literary critic analyzed the protagonist as an archetype of the choleric man, whose passions consumed him.

Determiner 'o' (the) + noun 'crítico literário' (literary critic) + verb 'analisou' (analyzed) + noun 'protagonista' (protagonist) + preposition 'como' (as) + noun phrase 'um arquétipo do homem colérico' (an archetype of the choleric man) + relative pronoun 'cujas' (whose) + noun 'paixões' (passions) + pronoun 'o' (him) + verb 'consumiam' (consumed).

4

Apesar de sua inteligência aguçada, seu temperamento colérico o tornava uma figura difícil de lidar em negociações delicadas.

Despite his sharp intelligence, his choleric temperament made him a difficult figure to deal with in delicate negotiations.

Conjunction 'apesar de' (despite) + possessive 'sua' (his) + noun phrase 'inteligência aguçada' (sharp intelligence) + possessive 'seu' (his) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + verb 'tornava' (made) + pronoun 'o' (him) + noun phrase 'uma figura difícil de lidar' (a difficult figure to deal with) + prepositional phrase 'em negociações delicadas' (in delicate negotiations).

5

O orador, com um tom de voz que flertava com o colérico, conseguiu capturar a atenção de toda a plateia.

The speaker, with a tone of voice that flirted with the choleric, managed to capture the attention of the entire audience.

Determiner 'o' (the) + noun 'orador' (speaker) + prepositional phrase 'com um tom de voz' (with a tone of voice) + relative clause 'que flertava com o colérico' (that flirted with the choleric) + verb 'conseguiu' (managed to) + infinitive 'capturar' (capture) + noun phrase 'a atenção de toda a plateia' (the attention of the entire audience).

6

A sua abordagem, por vezes vista como colérica, era na verdade uma manifestação de profunda convicção.

His approach, at times seen as choleric, was in reality a manifestation of deep conviction.

Possessive 'a sua' (his) + noun 'abordagem' (approach) + adverbial phrase 'por vezes vista como colérica' (at times seen as choleric) + verb 'era' (was) + adverb 'na verdade' (in reality) + noun phrase 'uma manifestação de profunda convicção' (a manifestation of deep conviction).

7

Ele lutava constantemente contra a sua natureza colérica, buscando um equilíbrio emocional que parecia inatingível.

He constantly fought against his choleric nature, seeking an emotional balance that seemed unattainable.

Pronoun 'ele' (he) + verb 'lutava' (fought) + adverb 'constantemente' (constantly) + preposition 'contra' (against) + possessive 'sua' (his) + noun 'natureza colérica' (choleric nature) + infinitive 'buscando' (seeking) + noun phrase 'um equilíbrio emocional' (an emotional balance) + relative clause 'que parecia inatingível' (that seemed unattainable).

8

A obra retrata a dualidade humana, onde a racionalidade coexiste com impulsos coléricos reprimidos.

The work portrays human duality, where rationality coexists with repressed choleric impulses.

Determiner 'a' (the) + noun 'obra' (work) + verb 'retrata' (portrays) + noun phrase 'a dualidade humana' (human duality) + relative clause 'onde a racionalidade coexiste com impulsos coléricos reprimidos' (where rationality coexists with repressed choleric impulses).

1

O seu lendário temperamento colérico era tanto uma fonte de admiração pela sua intensidade quanto de apreensão pelo seu potencial destrutivo.

His legendary choleric temperament was as much a source of admiration for his intensity as of apprehension for its destructive potential.

Possessive 'o seu' (his) + adjective 'lendário' (legendary) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + verb 'era' (was) + correlative conjunction 'tanto... quanto' (as much... as) + noun phrase 'uma fonte de admiração pela sua intensidade' (a source of admiration for his intensity) + preposition 'de' (of) + noun 'apreensão' (apprehension) + preposition 'pelo' (for) + possessive 'seu' (its) + noun 'potencial destrutivo' (destructive potential).

2

A retórica inflamada do demagogo, embora eficaz em galvanizar seus seguidores, beirava o colérico, revelando uma fúria subjacente.

The demagogue's fiery rhetoric, although effective in galvanizing his followers, bordered on the choleric, revealing an underlying fury.

Determiner 'a' (the) + noun 'retórica inflamada' (fiery rhetoric) + determiner 'do' (of the) + noun 'demagogo' (demagogue) + conjunction 'embora' (although) + adjective 'eficaz' (effective) + infinitive phrase 'em galvanizar seus seguidores' (in galvanizing his followers) + verb 'beirava' (bordered on) + preposition 'o' (the) + adjective 'colérico' (choleric) + participle 'revelando' (revealing) + noun phrase 'uma fúria subjacente' (an underlying fury).

3

Os estudiosos debatem se a impulsividade do imperador era inerente à sua personalidade colérica ou uma resposta estratégica às circunstâncias políticas.

Scholars debate whether the emperor's impulsivity was inherent to his choleric personality or a strategic response to political circumstances.

Noun 'estudiosos' (scholars) + adverb 'debatem' (debate) + conjunction 'se' (whether) + noun phrase 'a impulsividade do imperador' (the emperor's impulsivity) + verb 'era' (was) + adjective 'inerente' (inherent) + preposition 'à' (to the) + possessive 'sua' (his) + noun 'personalidade colérica' (choleric personality) + conjunction 'ou' (or) + noun phrase 'uma resposta estratégica' (a strategic response) + preposition 'às' (to the) + noun 'circunstâncias políticas' (political circumstances).

4

A sua capacidade de suprimir o temperamento colérico em público era notável, mas em privado, a pressão acumulada por vezes explodia.

His ability to suppress his choleric temperament in public was remarkable, but in private, the accumulated pressure sometimes exploded.

Possessive 'a sua' (his) + noun 'capacidade' (ability) + infinitive 'de suprimir' (to suppress) + possessive 'o' (the) + noun phrase 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament) + preposition 'em público' (in public) + verb 'era' (was) + adjective 'notável' (remarkable) + conjunction 'mas' (but) + preposition 'em privado' (in private) + noun phrase 'a pressão acumulada' (the accumulated pressure) + adverb 'por vezes' (sometimes) + verb 'explodia' (exploded).

5

Apesar da sua reputação de homem colérico, revelou uma inesperada gentileza quando confrontado com a vulnerabilidade alheia.

Despite his reputation as a choleric man, he revealed an unexpected kindness when confronted with others' vulnerability.

Conjunction 'apesar da' (despite) + possessive 'sua' (his) + noun 'reputação' (reputation) + preposition 'de' (as) + noun phrase 'homem colérico' (choleric man) + verb 'revelou' (revealed) + noun phrase 'uma inesperada gentileza' (an unexpected kindness) + prepositional phrase 'quando confrontado com a vulnerabilidade alheia' (when confronted with others' vulnerability).

6

O drama explorou a linha tênue entre a paixão fervorosa e a raiva colérica, mostrando como ambas podem impulsionar ações extremas.

The drama explored the fine line between fervent passion and choleric anger, showing how both can drive extreme actions.

Determiner 'o' (the) + noun 'drama' (drama) + verb 'explorou' (explored) + noun phrase 'a linha tênue' (the fine line) + preposition 'entre' (between) + noun phrase 'a paixão fervorosa' (fervent passion) + conjunction 'e' (and) + noun phrase 'a raiva colérica' (choleric anger) + participle 'mostrando' (showing) + relative clause 'como ambas podem impulsionar ações extremas' (how both can drive extreme actions).

7

A sua retórica, embora por vezes beirando o colérico, era fundamentada em princípios sólidos que ressoavam com a audiência.

His rhetoric, although at times bordering on the choleric, was grounded in solid principles that resonated with the audience.

Possessive 'a sua' (his) + noun 'retórica' (rhetoric) + conjunction 'embora' (although) + adverbial phrase 'por vezes beirando o colérico' (at times bordering on the choleric) + verb 'era fundamentada' (was grounded) + preposition 'em' (in) + noun phrase 'princípios sólidos' (solid principles) + relative clause 'que ressoavam com a audiência' (that resonated with the audience).

8

Ele era um enigma: um homem de intelecto aguçado, mas com um temperamento colérico que ameaçava desestabilizar qualquer ambiente.

He was an enigma: a man of sharp intellect, but with a choleric temperament that threatened to destabilize any environment.

Pronoun 'ele' (he) + verb 'era' (was) + noun phrase 'um enigma' (an enigma) + colon + noun phrase 'um homem de intelecto aguçado' (a man of sharp intellect) + conjunction 'mas' (but) + preposition 'com' (with) + noun phrase 'um temperamento colérico' (a choleric temperament) + relative clause 'que ameaçava desestabilizar qualquer ambiente' (that threatened to destabilize any environment).

Colocaciones comunes

temperamento colérico
gênio colérico
homem colérico
mulher colérica
natureza colérica
reação colérica
voz colérica
espírito colérico
comportamento colérico
inclinação colérica

Frases Comunes

ter um temperamento colérico

— To have a choleric temperament, meaning to be habitually bad-tempered and easily angered.

Ele tem um temperamento colérico que o impede de manter empregos por muito tempo.

ser um homem colérico

— To be a choleric man, describing a male individual who is prone to anger and irritability.

O professor era um homem colérico, temido pelos alunos.

reagir de forma colérica

— To react in a choleric manner, indicating an angry and volatile response to a situation.

Ela reagiu de forma colérica quando foi contrariada.

um gênio colérico

— A choleric disposition or temper; a fiery and easily angered nature.

O artista era conhecido por seu gênio colérico, mas também por seu talento.

evitar o colérico

— To avoid someone who is choleric, suggesting caution when dealing with easily angered individuals.

É melhor evitar o colérico quando ele está de mau humor.

a natureza colérica de alguém

— Someone's choleric nature, referring to their inherent tendency to be angry and irritable.

Ele tentava controlar a natureza colérica que herdara do pai.

um ataque colérico

— A choleric outburst or attack, describing a sudden and intense episode of anger.

O cliente teve um ataque colérico na loja.

falar de modo colérico

— To speak in a choleric manner, using an angry and agitated tone.

Ele falava de modo colérico sobre a injustiça que sofreu.

uma pessoa colérica

— A choleric person, a general description for someone with this temperament.

Dizem que pessoas coléricas vivem menos.

lidar com o colérico

— To deal with a choleric person, implying the difficulty and caution required.

É preciso muita paciência para lidar com o colérico.

Se confunde a menudo con

colérico vs irascível

Both mean easily angered. 'Irascível' is very close to 'colérico' and often interchangeable in formal contexts, but 'colérico' has stronger historical and humoral connotations.

colérico vs agressivo

'Agressivo' focuses on the outward behavior of hostility and attack, while 'colérico' describes the underlying temperamental disposition that leads to anger.

colérico vs temperamental

'Temperamental' is broader, referring to unpredictable mood swings. 'Colérico' specifically points to anger as the dominant mood fluctuation.

Modismos y expresiones

"ter um pavio curto"

— Literally 'to have a short fuse.' This idiom describes someone who gets angry very easily and quickly, similar to being colérico.

Ele tem um pavio curto; qualquer coisa o faz explodir.

"ferver em sangue frio"

— To be boiling with rage but outwardly appearing calm. This is the opposite of a colérico person's outward expression, but the underlying anger is similar.

Embora parecesse calmo, ele fervia em sangue frio com a provocação.

"perder a cabeça"

— To lose one's temper, to become uncontrollably angry. This is a common consequence for someone with a colérico disposition.

Ele perdeu a cabeça quando viu o carro arranhado.

"explodir de raiva"

— To explode with anger, to become suddenly and intensely furious. This describes the outward manifestation of a colérico temperament.

A crítica injusta fez com que ela explodisse de raiva.

"ter sangue quente"

— To have hot blood, meaning to be passionate, excitable, and quick to anger.

Ele tem sangue quente e defende suas ideias com veemência.

"comer alguém com os olhos"

— To look at someone intensely, often with anger or desire. While not directly about temper, the intensity can be associated with a colérico person's gaze.

O chefe o comeu com os olhos por chegar atrasado.

"tirar do sério"

— To get on someone's nerves, to annoy them to the point of losing patience. This is how someone might provoke a colérico person.

As constantes interrupções o tiraram do sério.

"estar com os nervos à flor da pele"

— To be on edge, highly sensitive and easily upset or angered. This describes a state that makes one prone to colérico reactions.

Depois do acidente, ela estava com os nervos à flor da pele.

"dar um chilique"

— To have a tantrum or a fit of pique, usually in a more dramatic or childish way. A colérico person might have more intense 'chiliques'.

A criança deu um chilique porque não ganhou o brinquedo.

"estar de mau humor"

— To be in a bad mood. While not as intense as colérico, it's a related state of negativity.

Ele acordou de mau humor hoje.

Fácil de confundir

colérico vs irritado

Both describe negative emotional states related to annoyance or anger.

'Irritado' means annoyed or slightly angry and can be a temporary state. 'Colérico' implies a deeper, more ingrained, and intense tendency towards anger and volatility, often a personality trait.

Ele estava irritado com o trânsito. / O chefe tem um temperamento colérico e grita com todos.

colérico vs zangado

Both mean angry.

'Zangado' is the general word for angry and can refer to a temporary feeling. 'Colérico' describes a person who is habitually prone to intense anger and has a fiery temper.

A criança está zangada porque não ganhou o doce. / O general era um homem colérico que tomava decisões impulsivas.

colérico vs mal-humorado

Both describe negative emotional states.

'Mal-humorado' means grumpy or in a bad mood, suggesting a generally unpleasant disposition but not necessarily intense anger. 'Colérico' specifically refers to a tendency towards strong, volatile anger.

Ele acordou mal-humorado hoje. / O vizinho é colérico e reclama de tudo com raiva.

colérico vs explosivo

Both describe quick and intense reactions involving anger.

'Explosivo' emphasizes the suddenness and intensity of an outburst, like an explosion. 'Colérico' describes the underlying disposition that makes someone prone to such outbursts; it's more about the ingrained nature of being prone to anger.

Ela é explosiva quando está sob pressão. / Seu temperamento colérico o tornava imprevisível.

colérico vs furioso

Both describe a high level of anger.

'Furioso' describes a state of extreme anger, often a temporary but intense reaction. 'Colérico' describes a person whose fundamental nature is to be prone to such intense anger, suggesting a more habitual and less temporary state.

Ele ficou furioso com a traição. / O velho pirata era conhecido por seu temperamento colérico.

Patrones de oraciones

B1

Subject + ser + um/uma + [noun] + colérico/colérica

Ele é um homem colérico.

B1

Subject + ter + um/uma + [noun] + colérico/colérica

Ela tem uma natureza colérica.

B2

Subject + [verb] + seu/sua + temperamento colérico

Seu temperamento colérico causou problemas.

B2

É [adjective] + [infinitive] + com + [person] + quando + [subject] + está + colérico/colérica

É difícil conversar com ele quando está colérico.

B2

O/A + [noun] + [verb] + como + um/uma + [noun] + colérico/colérica

O livro descreve o vilão como um homem colérico.

C1

Apesar de + [noun/clause], + [subject] + [verb] + seu/sua + [trait] + colérico/colérica

Apesar de sua inteligência, seu temperamento colérico o prejudicava.

C1

O/A + [noun] + [verb] + [prepositional phrase] + [quality] + colérico/colérica

A obra retrata a dualidade humana com impulsos coléricos reprimidos.

C2

O/A + [noun] + [verb] + [prepositional phrase], + [conjunction] + [clause about the trait]

Seu temperamento colérico era tanto uma fonte de admiração quanto de apreensão.

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

cólera

Adjetivos

colérico

Relacionado

choleric (English)
irascível
temperamental
explosivo
mal-humorado
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Cómo usarlo

frequency

Medium (less common than 'angry' or 'irritated', but specific and impactful).

Errores comunes
  • Using 'colérico' for mild annoyance. → Use 'irritado' or 'chateado' for mild annoyance.

    'Colérico' implies a deep-seated, intense, and habitual tendency towards anger, not just a fleeting feeling of being annoyed. Using it for minor displeasure is an overstatement.

  • Incorrect adjective agreement (gender/number). → Ensure agreement: 'um homem colérico', 'uma mulher colérica', 'homens coléricos', 'mulheres coléricas'.

    Portuguese adjectives must agree with the noun they modify. Forgetting this is a common grammatical error.

  • Treating 'colérico' as a verb. → Use 'ser' or 'estar' with 'colérico': 'Ele é colérico.'

    'Colérico' is an adjective describing a noun. It cannot function as a verb on its own. You need a linking verb like 'ser' or 'estar' to connect it to the subject.

  • Confusing 'colérico' with 'agressivo'. → 'Colérico' describes the disposition; 'agressivo' describes the action.

    'Colérico' refers to the underlying temperamental trait of being prone to anger. 'Agressivo' describes behavior that is hostile or ready to attack, which might be a result of being colérico, but they are not the same.

  • Overusing 'colérico' in informal settings. → Use simpler words like 'zangado' or 'bravo' in informal contexts.

    'Colérico' is a strong word with historical connotations. Using it casually can sound overly dramatic or out of place in very informal conversations.

Consejos

Focus on Intensity

Remember that 'colérico' implies a high level of anger and a tendency towards outbursts. Use it when describing someone whose temper is a defining characteristic, rather than just being mildly annoyed.

Adjective Agreement is Key

Always ensure 'colérico' agrees in gender and number with the noun it describes. Use 'colérico' for masculine singular, 'colérica' for feminine singular, 'coléricos' for masculine plural, and 'coléricas' for feminine plural.

Context is Crucial

The word 'colérico' carries historical weight from the theory of humors. Understanding this context helps appreciate its nuance. It's often found in literature or discussions about personality types.

Stress the Second Syllable

The stress in 'colérico' falls on the second syllable: co-LÉ-ri-co. Practicing this will make your pronunciation sound more natural.

Distinguish from 'Irritado'

While 'irritado' means annoyed, 'colérico' signifies a deeper, more volatile, and habitual tendency towards anger. Think of 'colérico' as a more extreme and ingrained state.

Yellow Bile Connection

Link 'colérico' to the historical concept of 'yellow bile' being associated with anger. Imagine a person turning yellow with rage to remember the word's meaning and origin.

Show, Don't Just Tell

Instead of just stating someone is 'colérico', describe their actions: 'He slammed the door in a colérico rage.' This makes your writing more vivid.

Historical Roots

Be aware that 'colérico' comes from ancient medical theories about humors. This adds a layer of historical depth to the word, which can be useful in literary or academic contexts.

Practice with Sentences

Try to create your own sentences using 'colérico' in different contexts. This active recall is one of the most effective ways to solidify your understanding and usage.

Expand Your Vocabulary

Learn related words like 'irascível', 'explosivo', and 'mal-humorado' to have a wider range of expressions for describing different types and intensities of anger.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Imagine a volcano erupting with yellow lava (representing yellow bile). This erupting volcano is 'co-LÉ-ri-co' because its 'lé' (leg) is stuck in the hot lava, making it angry and choleric.

Asociación visual

Picture a person with a bright yellow aura around them, with small flames flickering from their head, indicating their hot temper and choleric nature.

Word Web

Anger Temper Irritable Bad-tempered Hot-headed Volatile Furious Choleric

Desafío

Try to describe three different fictional characters using the word 'colérico' and explain why it fits them. Focus on the intensity and habitual nature of their anger.

Origen de la palabra

The word 'colérico' originates from the Latin word 'cholericus,' which itself comes from the Greek word 'kholerikos.' This Greek term is derived from 'kholé,' meaning 'bile' or 'yellow bile.'

Significado original: In ancient Greek and Roman medicine, it was believed that the body contained four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. An excess of yellow bile was thought to cause a person to have a hot-tempered, irritable, and angry disposition, hence the term 'choleric.'

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Portuguese

Contexto cultural

While 'colérico' is a descriptive term, it can be perceived as critical or negative. It's important to use it thoughtfully, as it describes a potentially challenging personality trait. It's not typically used in polite or diplomatic conversation unless describing a well-known characteristic or in a literary context.

The English word 'choleric' is a direct cognate and shares the same etymological origin and core meaning of being hot-tempered and easily angered. Both words are less common in everyday casual speech compared to simpler terms like 'angry' or 'irritable,' but they carry a more formal and intense connotation.

Historical figures known for their tempers (e.g., certain monarchs, military leaders) are often described using terms like 'colérico' or 'choleric' in historical accounts. Literary characters designed to be volatile or prone to anger are frequently labeled with this trait. The concept of the four humors (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, melancholic) from ancient medicine, where 'choleric' represented the hot-tempered individual.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Describing personality traits

  • ter um temperamento colérico
  • ser uma pessoa colérica
  • sua natureza colérica

Character analysis in literature or film

  • o protagonista colérico
  • um vilão colérico
  • o arquétipo do homem colérico

Discussing historical figures

  • o líder colérico
  • um imperador colérico
  • suas decisões coléricas

Warning about someone's temper

  • cuidado com o colérico
  • evitar o colérico
  • ele fica colérico facilmente

Explaining difficult behavior

  • seu comportamento colérico
  • uma reação colérica
  • a dificuldade de lidar com o colérico

Inicios de conversación

"Have you ever met someone who you would describe as 'colérico'?"

"In literature, how often do you see characters with 'colérico' temperaments?"

"Do you think a 'colérico' disposition can be controlled or changed?"

"What are the challenges of interacting with someone who is 'colérico'?"

"Can you think of any famous historical or fictional characters that fit the description of 'colérico'?"

Temas para diario

Describe a time you witnessed someone acting 'colérico'. What were the circumstances and the consequences?

Reflect on your own moments of intense anger. Would you describe them as 'colérico', or something else? Why?

Imagine you are writing a story. Create a character with a 'colérico' temperament and describe their defining moments.

How does the concept of a 'colérico' temperament differ from simply being angry or upset?

What strategies could someone with a 'colérico' nature employ to manage their temper more effectively?

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

Generally, yes. 'Colérico' describes a personality trait that is characterized by anger and irritability, which are typically seen as negative qualities. While it can be used to describe intense passion or conviction in some contexts, its primary connotation is that of a bad temper and potential volatility. It suggests a person who is difficult to deal with due to their propensity for anger.

'Colérico' usually describes an inherent disposition or a deeply ingrained personality trait. While external factors can trigger anger in anyone, the term 'colérico' implies a predisposition, a natural tendency towards anger that is difficult to change. It's more about someone's core nature than a temporary mood swing.

'Irritado' means annoyed or slightly angry and often describes a temporary feeling. 'Colérico' describes someone who is habitually bad-tempered, easily angered, and prone to intense outbursts. It implies a much stronger and more consistent tendency towards anger.

While the term itself is negative, some might argue that the intensity associated with a 'colérico' temperament could translate into strong passion or conviction when channeled appropriately. However, the word 'colérico' itself focuses on the negative manifestations of anger and irritability, making positive interpretations rare and context-dependent.

'Colérico' is not an everyday word for most speakers. It's more likely to be found in literature, historical contexts, or when someone wants to emphasize a particularly strong and habitual tendency towards anger. Simpler words like 'zangado' (angry) or 'irritado' (irritated) are far more common for general expressions of anger.

Yes, both words share the same root, derived from the Greek 'kholé' (bile). Historically, cholera was sometimes associated with symptoms that might have been perceived as related to an imbalance of humors, and the term 'choleric' was linked to the excess of yellow bile. However, in modern usage, 'colérico' refers to temperament, while 'cólera' refers to the disease.

While primarily used for people, 'colérico' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe things that are volatile, intense, or prone to sudden, strong reactions, though this is less common. For example, one might metaphorically refer to a 'tempestade colérica' (a choleric storm) to describe a violent and sudden storm, emphasizing its intensity and unpredictable nature.

Common collocations include 'temperamento colérico' (choleric temperament), 'gênio colérico' (choleric disposition), 'homem colérico' (choleric man), and 'comportamento colérico' (choleric behavior). These phrases help to describe the characteristic traits and actions associated with someone who is 'colérico'.

There isn't a commonly used direct adverbial form like 'colericamente.' While one might construct it, it's not standard. Instead, phrases like 'de modo colérico' (in a choleric manner) or 'com um temperamento colérico' (with a choleric temperament) are used to express the adverbial sense.

The words are direct cognates and share the same meaning and etymological origin. Both refer to a hot-tempered, irritable, and easily angered disposition. Both are considered somewhat formal or literary compared to simpler terms for anger.

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Esta palabra en otros idiomas

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