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поколение

B2 noun 7 min de lectura

поколение

All of the people born and living at about the same time

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'поколение' means 'generation.' You might see it in basic texts about families. It's a long word, but you can remember it by breaking it down: po-ko-le-nie. At this stage, focus on the nominative singular form. You might hear it in very simple sentences like 'Это новое поколение' (This is a new generation). Just recognize that it refers to a group of people of a certain age. Don't worry about complex cases yet; just understand the basic meaning in the context of family or technology. Think of it as a 'group of people born at the same time.' It is a neuter noun, so it goes with 'это' or 'моё'. Examples: 'Моё поколение' (My generation), 'Новое поколение' (New generation).

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At A2, you should start using 'поколение' with simple adjectives. You can talk about your family or your friends. For example, 'молодое поколение' (young generation) or 'старое поколение' (old generation). You should also be aware that it's a neuter noun. In A2, you might encounter it in texts about the history of a country or technological progress. You should be able to answer simple questions like 'К какому поколению вы принадлежите?' (To which generation do you belong?). You are learning to describe people and groups, so this word is a useful collective noun. It helps you avoid listing every person and instead group them together. Remember the soft ending -ие, which is common for abstract nouns in Russian.

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By B1, you should be comfortable with the basic declensions of 'поколение.' You will use it to discuss social trends and general differences between people. You'll likely encounter phrases like 'конфликт поколений' (conflict of generations) when talking about parents and children. At this level, you should be able to use it in the prepositional case: 'В нашем поколении многие любят путешествовать' (In our generation, many people like to travel). You will also see it in the context of technology, such as 'поколение смартфонов.' You should start noticing the word in news articles or more complex stories. It's a key word for expressing your opinion about social changes and how the world is evolving compared to how your parents saw it.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'поколение' in a variety of abstract and idiomatic contexts. You should be familiar with the phrase 'из поколения в поколение' (from generation to generation) and use it to describe traditions. You should understand the sociological nuances—how a generation is shaped by historical events like 'поколение девяностых.' You should also be able to use it in professional contexts, such as 'смена поколений в компании' (succession/change of generations in a company). Your grammar should be precise, correctly handling the genitive plural 'поколений' and the neuter agreements. You can discuss complex topics like 'разрыв между поколениями' (the generation gap) with nuanced vocabulary, comparing 'поколение' with 'сверстники' or 'современники'.

At C1, you use 'поколение' like a native speaker, understanding its deep literary and historical resonances. You might discuss the 'поколение шестидесятников' or the 'потерянное поколение' in the context of literature and philosophy. You understand how the word can be used metaphorically or ironically. You can use it in highly formal or academic writing, discussing demographic trends, 'преемственность поколений' (continuity of generations), or 'деградация поколений'. You are aware of the etymological link to 'колено' and can use phrases like 'в пятом колене' correctly. Your speech uses the word to categorize complex social phenomena effortlessly. You can also use it to discuss the 'поколение Z' or 'миллениалы' in the context of marketing and psychology.

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At the C2 level, 'поколение' is a tool for sophisticated discourse. You can analyze the evolution of the concept from its genealogical roots to its modern sociological application. You might use it in legal or high-level political contexts, such as 'права будущих поколений' (rights of future generations). You can appreciate the word's use in poetry and high literature, where it might be substituted with 'племя' for stylistic effect. You have a perfect grasp of all idiomatic expressions and can create your own metaphors using the word. You can discuss the 'цифровое поколение' (digital generation) with a deep understanding of the socio-economic factors involved. There are no grammatical or contextual errors in your usage, and you can switch registers—from casual family talk to academic lectures—seamlessly.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

поколение en 30 segundos

A neuter noun meaning 'generation', used for people and technology.
Rooted in 'колено' (knee/joint), implying a link in a lineage.
Grammatically neuter, ending in -ие, following the 2nd declension.
Essential for discussing social trends, family history, and tech progress.

The Russian word поколение (po-ko-lye-ni-ye) is a neuter noun that translates to "generation." At its core, it refers to a group of individuals born and living at the same time, sharing similar historical experiences, social conditions, and cultural values. However, its usage in Russian is deeply rooted in both biological and sociological contexts, making it a versatile term for learners to master at the B2 level. Historically and etymologically, the word stems from the root колено, which means "knee." In ancient Slavic genealogy, the "knee" represented a joint or a branch in a family tree, illustrating how one generation connects to the next like joints in a limb. This physical metaphor highlights the Russian perception of time as a continuous, interconnected chain of people.

Biological Context: In family terms, it describes the steps of descent. For example, your parents are one generation, and you are the next.
Sociological Context: It refers to cohorts like 'The Lost Generation' (потерянное поколение) or 'Generation Z' (поколение Z).

Каждое новое поколение приносит свои идеалы и ценности в этот мир.

You will encounter this word frequently in literature when discussing the "Conflict of Generations" (конфликт поколений), a classic theme in Russian culture, most notably explored in Ivan Turgenev's novel 'Fathers and Sons' (Отцы и дети). In modern discourse, it is used to describe technological advancements, such as 'the next generation of smartphones' (следующее поколение смартфонов).

Мы должны сохранить планету для будущих поколений.

In Russia, the concept of 'the older generation' (старшее поколение) carries a weight of respect and specific social expectations, often linked to the shared memory of the Great Patriotic War or the Soviet era. Conversely, 'the younger generation' (подрастающее поколение) is often the subject of pedagogical and political debate. Understanding the nuance of this word requires recognizing that it is not just a measure of time (like a century), but a collective identity.

Historical Continuity: The phrase 'из поколения в поколение' (from generation to generation) is used to describe traditions and skills passed down through time.

Using поколение correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a neuter noun and its common adjectival pairings. Since it ends in -ие, it follows the second declension pattern. In the nominative singular, it is 'поколение'; in the genitive, 'поколения'; and in the dative, 'поколению'. One of the most common ways to use it is with descriptive adjectives that define the cohort's age or status.

Age-Based Usage: You will often hear 'молодое поколение' (young generation) or 'пожилое поколение' (elderly generation). These are standard in both formal and informal speech.

Современное поколение не может представить жизнь без гаджетов.

In academic or professional settings, 'поколение' is used to discuss demographic shifts. For example, 'смена поколений' (the change of generations) refers to the process where younger people replace older ones in the workforce or leadership positions. This is a crucial phrase for business Russian.

Это поколение столкнулось с огромными экономическими трудностями.

Another important structure is the use of the preposition 'в' with the prepositional case to indicate membership: 'В нашем поколении...' (In our generation...). This is the natural way to compare your experiences with those of others.

Technological Usage: When talking about tech, use 'новое поколение' (new generation). Example: 'Новое поколение процессоров' (A new generation of processors).

Мы купили компьютер последнего поколения.

Note that in Russian, you don't usually say 'the generation of the 80s' as 'поколение восьмидесятых' (though possible), but rather use the adjective: 'восьмидесятники' for people, or 'поколение восьмидесятых годов'.

You will encounter the word поколение in a variety of real-world Russian contexts, ranging from high-brow literature to nightly news broadcasts and casual family discussions. In the media, it is a staple of sociological analysis. Russian talk shows frequently debate the 'gap' between the Soviet generation and the 'digital natives' born after 2000.

In Literature: Russian literature is obsessed with the 'superfluous man' and the identity of specific generations. You'll hear critics talk about the 'поколение шестидесятников' (the generation of the 1960s), who were known for their liberal views during the Khrushchev Thaw.

Для моего поколения свобода была главной ценностью.

In politics, leaders often address 'будущие поколения' (future generations) when discussing environmental policies or national debt. It is a word used to evoke a sense of responsibility and legacy. In the tech world, 'поколение' is ubiquitous. Whether it's the 'пятое поколение связи' (5G) or 'поколение игровых консолей' (generation of game consoles), the word signifies progress and obsolescence.

Это устройство представляет собой новое поколение бытовой техники.

In Daily Life: Grandparents often compare their youth to that of their grandchildren by saying, 'В наше поколение всё было иначе' (In our generation, everything was different).

Even at the B2 level, learners often make specific errors with поколение. The first and most frequent mistake is confusing it with the word колено (knee). While they share a root, you cannot use 'колено' to mean a generation of people in modern Russian, except in very specific genealogical contexts like 'в седьмом колене' (in the seventh generation/degree of kinship).

Gender Error: Learners often mistake 'поколение' for a feminine noun because of the 'e' sound at the end, leading to errors like 'молодая поколение'. Remember, it is neuter: 'молодое поколение'.

❌ Неправильно: Наша поколение...
✅ Правильно: Наше поколение...

Another common issue is the misuse of prepositions. To say 'from generation to generation,' you must use the specific idiom 'из поколения в поколение'. Using 'от... до...' is grammatically possible but sounds less natural in this fixed expression.

Я гуляю со своими сверстниками (not 'поколением').

Plural Declension: The genitive plural is 'поколений'. A common mistake is to say 'поколениев', which is incorrect. 'Разрыв между взглядами поколений' (The gap between the views of generations).

While поколение is the standard word for "generation," several synonyms and related terms can add color and precision to your Russian.

Генерация (Generatsiya): A direct loanword from Latin. It is used more in scientific, technical, or biological contexts (e.g., 'генерация идей' - generation of ideas, or 'генерация клеток'). It is rarely used for human age cohorts.
Племя (Plemya): Literally 'tribe,' but in literature, it can be a poetic or slightly ironic way to refer to a generation. Pushkin famously wrote 'Здравствуй, племя младое, незнакомое!' (Greetings, young, unknown tribe!).
Сверстники (Sverstniki): This means 'peers' or 'contemporaries.' Use this when referring to people of the same age as you personally, rather than the abstract concept of a generation.

Мои сверстники предпочитают работать удалённо.

В этом призыве в армию много талантливых ребят.

Эпоха (Epokha): Means 'epoch' or 'era.' While a generation defines the people, 'эпоха' defines the time period. They are often linked: 'поколение эпохи перемен' (the generation of the era of change).

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"Данное поколение характеризуется высокой мобильностью."

Neutral

"Наше поколение любит путешествовать."

Informal

"Ну, наше поколение — это ваще другое дело."

Child friendly

"Твоё поколение будет летать на Марс!"

Jerga

"Поколение зумеров опять в тиктоке."

Dato curioso

The link between 'knee' and 'generation' exists in many Indo-European languages, reflecting an ancient way of visualizing family descent through bodily joints.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /pəkɐˈlʲenʲɪje/

US /pəkɐˈlʲenʲɪje/

поколЕние

Rima con

мнение (opinion) движение (movement) решение (decision) растение (plant) значение (meaning) пение (singing) строение (building) терпение (patience)

Errores comunes

Stressing the first 'o' (пОколение) - incorrect.
Stressing the last 'ie' (поколенИе) - incorrect.
Pronouncing the first 'o' clearly instead of reducing it.
Making the 'л' hard like in 'lamp'. It must be soft.
Forgetting the 'й' sound in the final 'е' [je].

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 3/5

Easy to recognize due to common suffix -ие.

Escritura 4/5

Requires correct neuter endings and plural genitive form.

Expresión oral 4/5

Stress and reduction of 'o' can be tricky for beginners.

Escucha 3/5

Very common in media and news.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

семья время люди старый молодой

Aprende después

современник преемственность демография наследие предок

Avanzado

когорта генеалогия мировоззрение менталитет традиционализм

Gramática que debes saber

Neuter nouns in -ие

Поколение, здание, умение (all neuter).

Genitive plural of -ие nouns

Поколений, зданий, умений (drop the -ие, add -ий).

Adjective agreement with neuter nouns

НовОЕ поколение (ending -ое/-ее).

Prepositional case for location/time

В поколении (ending -ии).

Past tense neuter verbs

Поколение вырослО (ending -о).

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Ejemplos por nivel

Это моё поколение.

This is my generation.

Neuter singular nominative.

Новое поколение любит интернет.

The new generation loves the internet.

Adjective 'новое' agrees with neuter noun.

Где ваше поколение?

Where is your generation?

Possessive pronoun 'ваше' is neuter.

Это старое поколение.

This is the old generation.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

Поколение Z — это мы.

Generation Z is us.

Using a letter to define the generation.

Какое это поколение?

Which generation is this?

Interrogative pronoun 'какое' is neuter.

Это первое поколение.

This is the first generation.

Ordinal number 'первое' is neuter.

Наше поколение здесь.

Our generation is here.

Neuter agreement.

Молодое поколение много работает.

The young generation works a lot.

Subject-verb agreement.

Я не понимаю это поколение.

I don't understand this generation.

Accusative case (same as nominative for neuter).

Это поколение смартфонов.

This is the generation of smartphones.

Genitive plural 'смартфонов'.

В каждом поколении есть герои.

In every generation, there are heroes.

Prepositional case: 'в ... поколении'.

Мы — будущее поколение.

We are the future generation.

Future as an adjective.

Это поколение моих родителей.

This is my parents' generation.

Genitive case for 'parents'.

Второе поколение лучше первого.

The second generation is better than the first.

Comparison.

Она пишет книгу о своём поколении.

She is writing a book about her generation.

Prepositional case with 'о'.

Конфликт поколений — вечная тема.

The conflict of generations is an eternal theme.

Genitive plural 'поколений'.

Это поколение выросло в мире без границ.

This generation grew up in a world without borders.

Past tense neuter verb 'выросло'.

Для старшего поколения важна стабильность.

Stability is important for the older generation.

Dative case after 'для' is not used; 'для' takes genitive.

Каждое поколение имеет свои секреты.

Every generation has its secrets.

Verb 'имеет' with accusative.

Они принадлежат к разным поколениям.

They belong to different generations.

Dative plural 'поколениям' after 'к'.

Смена поколений происходит каждые тридцать лет.

A change of generations happens every thirty years.

Nominative singular.

Это поколение не боится перемен.

This generation is not afraid of change.

Genitive after 'боится'.

В нашем поколении мало кто курит.

In our generation, few people smoke.

Prepositional case.

Рецепт передаётся из поколения в поколение.

The recipe is passed down from generation to generation.

Fixed idiomatic expression.

Поколение девяностых видело распад страны.

The generation of the nineties saw the collapse of the country.

Genitive plural 'девяностых'.

Это было потерянное поколение после войны.

It was a lost generation after the war.

Literary term.

Мы должны думать о будущих поколениях.

We must think about future generations.

Prepositional plural.

Новое поколение компьютеров намного быстрее.

The new generation of computers is much faster.

Genitive plural.

Разрыв между поколениями становится всё больше.

The gap between generations is becoming even larger.

Instrumental plural after 'между'.

Он — представитель подрастающего поколения.

He is a representative of the rising generation.

Genitive singular.

Каждое поколение выбирает свой путь.

Every generation chooses its own path.

Subject-verb agreement.

Преемственность поколений — залог успеха общества.

The continuity of generations is the key to society's success.

Abstract academic term.

Поколение шестидесятников изменило советскую культуру.

The generation of the sixties changed Soviet culture.

Historical term.

Эта технология опередила своё поколение.

This technology was ahead of its generation.

Metaphorical use.

Взгляды разных поколений часто сталкиваются.

The views of different generations often clash.

Genitive plural.

Он воспел своё поколение в стихах.

He praised his generation in poems.

Accusative case.

Это поколение обречено на вечный поиск.

This generation is doomed to an eternal search.

Passive participle 'обречено'.

Мы наблюдаем деградацию младшего поколения.

We are observing the degradation of the younger generation.

Formal register.

Связь поколений была разорвана революцией.

The connection of generations was broken by the revolution.

Passive voice.

Антропологи изучают смену поколений в изоляции.

Anthropologists study the change of generations in isolation.

Scientific register.

Каждое новое поколение — это новый виток спирали.

Every new generation is a new turn of the spiral.

Philosophical metaphor.

Они сохранили верность идеалам своего поколения.

They remained faithful to the ideals of their generation.

Dative after 'верность'.

Поколение, выросшее в эпоху интернета, мыслит иначе.

The generation that grew up in the internet era thinks differently.

Participial construction.

В седьмом колене он был дворянином.

In the seventh generation, he was a nobleman.

Using the root 'колено' correctly.

Это поколение не знает вкуса настоящей свободы.

This generation does not know the taste of true freedom.

Genitive plural.

Мы — лишь мимолётное поколение в истории Земли.

We are but a fleeting generation in the history of Earth.

Poetic adjective.

Идеологическая пропаганда была нацелена на молодое поколение.

Ideological propaganda was aimed at the young generation.

Passive construction.

Colocaciones comunes

молодое поколение

старшее поколение

будущие поколения

новое поколение

конфликт поколений

потерянное поколение

смена поколений

преемственность поколений

поколение Z

последнее поколение

Frases Comunes

Из поколения в поколение

— Something passed down through time.

Этот секрет передаётся из поколения в поколение.

Разрыв поколений

— The lack of understanding between age groups.

Разрыв поколений мешает им общаться.

Подрастающее поколение

— Children and teenagers currently growing up.

Мы заботимся о подрастающем поколении.

Второе поколение эмигрантов

— Children of immigrants born in a new country.

Он принадлежит ко второму поколению эмигрантов.

Связь поколений

— The emotional or cultural link between young and old.

Связь поколений очень важна для семьи.

Наше поколение

— The group the speaker belongs to.

Наше поколение видело много перемен.

Поколение победителей

— Usually refers to those who won WWII.

Мы гордимся поколением победителей.

Для всех поколений

— Something suitable for everyone regardless of age.

Это фильм для всех поколений.

Голос поколения

— A person or work that defines a generation.

Этот певец стал голосом поколения.

В каждом поколении

— In every single age group.

В каждом поколении свои герои.

Se confunde a menudo con

поколение vs колено

Means 'knee'. Only used for generation in specific genealogical counts.

поколение vs век

Means 'century' (100 years). A generation is shorter.

поколение vs сверстники

Means 'peers'. It refers to individuals, while 'поколение' is the whole group.

Modismos y expresiones

"Из поколения в поколение"

— Continuously through time within a family or society.

Традиция передаётся из поколения в поколение.

Neutral

"Потерянное поколение"

— A generation disillusioned by war or social upheaval.

Хемингуэй писал о потерянном поколении.

Literary

"Конфликт отцов и детей"

— The classic Russian idiom for the generation gap.

В этой семье вечный конфликт отцов и детей.

Literary/Common

"До седьмого колена"

— To the 7th generation (meaning very deeply or thoroughly).

Я знаю свою историю до седьмого колена.

Idiomatic

"Младое племя"

— The young generation (often used ironically or poetically).

Посмотрите на это младое племя!

Poetic

"Смена караула"

— Metaphorical for the change of generations in power.

В правительстве произошла смена караула.

Journalistic

"Дети цветов"

— Specifically refers to the hippie generation.

Они были типичными детьми цветов.

Historical

"Поколение Пепси"

— The generation that grew up in the 90s in Russia.

Он — типичный представитель поколения Пепси.

Slang/Informal

"Век живи — век учись"

— Not strictly about generations, but implies wisdom passed down.

Бабушка всегда говорила: век живи — век учись.

Proverb

"Яблоко от яблони"

— Implies the next generation is like the previous one.

Яблоко от яблони недалеко падает.

Proverb

Fácil de confundir

поколение vs генерация

Looks like 'generation'.

Used for tech processes or biological production, not social age groups.

Генерация случайных чисел.

поколение vs эпоха

Both refer to time.

Эпоха is the time period; поколение is the group of people in it.

Эпоха Петра Первого.

поколение vs народ

Both refer to groups of people.

Народ is a nation/people; поколение is defined by age.

Русский народ.

поколение vs сверстник

Both refer to age.

Сверстник is a person of the same age; поколение is the abstract group.

Он мой сверстник.

поколение vs потомство

Related to family.

Потомство means 'offspring' or 'progeny' collectively.

Оставить потомство.

Patrones de oraciones

Это [adjective] поколение.

Это новое поколение.

Я из [adjective] поколения.

Я из молодого поколения.

В нашем поколении [verb]...

В нашем поколении все пользуются интернетом.

[Noun] передаётся из поколения в поколение.

Эта сказка передаётся из поколения в поколение.

Разрыв между [Instrumental plural]...

Разрыв между поколениями огромен.

Смена поколений в [Prepositional]...

Смена поколений в медицине — долгий процесс.

Поколение, [Participle]...

Поколение, выросшее в горах, очень сильное.

Для [Genitive plural] важно [Verb]...

Для будущих поколений важно сохранить мир.

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

Adjetivos

Relacionado

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

High (Top 1000 words in Russian)

Errores comunes

Наша поколение → Наше поколение
The noun is neuter, so the pronoun must be neuter.
Много поколениев → Много поколений
The genitive plural of -ие nouns ends in -ий.
В поколение → В поколении
The prepositional case requires the -ии ending for nouns in -ие.
Колено Z → Поколение Z
You cannot use 'колено' to mean a social generation.
Молодая поколение → Молодое поколение
Adjective agreement error; must be neuter.

Consejos

Watch the Ending

Nouns ending in -ие like 'поколение' have a special prepositional case ending in -ии: 'в поколении'.

Techno-Talk

Use 'поколение' when talking about iPhones or Playstations to sound natural.

Respect the Elders

When using 'старшее поколение', remember it often implies a group that lived through the Soviet era.

Literary Flair

In an essay, use 'преемственность поколений' to describe how traditions survive.

Knee Link

Associate 'колено' (knee) with 'поколение' to remember the root.

Soft 'L'

Ensure the 'л' is very soft. It's not 'lo', it's 'lyo'.

Passing Down

Memorize 'из поколения в поколение' as one single unit of meaning.

Not Just People

Don't forget you can use it for 'a new generation of cars' too.

Peers vs Generation

Use 'сверстники' for your friends and 'поколение' for everyone your age in the country.

Abstract Nouns

Remember that -ие nouns are usually abstract; 'поколение' is no exception.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of your 'Knee' (колено). Each 'generation' is like a new 'joint' (knee) in the long leg of history. 'По-колено-ие'.

Asociación visual

Visualize a family tree where each level of branches is a giant 'knee' bending outwards.

Word Web

семья время дети родители история традиция Z будущее

Desafío

Try to write three sentences comparing your generation to your grandparents' generation using the word 'поколение' in different cases.

Origen de la palabra

Derived from the Old East Slavic 'по' (prefix indicating sequence) and 'колено' (knee). In ancient Slavic culture, the 'knee' was a metaphor for a branch of a family tree or a degree of kinship.

Significado original: A branch of a family or a joint in a lineage.

Indo-European > Slavic > East Slavic > Russian.

Contexto cultural

Be careful when discussing 'the older generation' in Russia; it often implies a specific respect for those who survived the Soviet era.

Similar to Western concepts of Boomers, Gen X, and Millennials, but with more emphasis on political shifts than consumer trends.

'Отцы и дети' (Fathers and Sons) by Turgenev 'Поколение П' (Generation P) by Victor Pelevin The song 'Моё поколение' by the rock band Alisa

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Family History

история поколений
связь поколений
старшее поколение
молодое поколение

Technology

новое поколение
последнее поколение
следующее поколение
смена поколений

Sociology

конфликт поколений
разрыв поколений
теория поколений
поколение Z

Politics

будущие поколения
интересы поколений
права поколений
ответственность перед поколениями

Literature

потерянное поколение
голос поколения
герой своего поколения
судьба поколения

Inicios de conversación

"Как вы думаете, чем ваше поколение отличается от поколения ваших родителей?"

"Какие главные проблемы стоят перед молодым поколением в вашей стране?"

"Существует ли в вашей семье традиция, которая передаётся из поколения в поколение?"

"Как вы относитесь к теории поколений (зумеры, миллениалы и т.д.)?"

"Какое поколение технологий вы считаете самым важным для человечества?"

Temas para diario

Опишите своё поколение тремя словами и объясните, почему вы выбрали именно их.

Напишите письмо будущим поколениям о том, как выглядит жизнь сегодня.

Рассуждение на тему: 'Конфликт поколений — это двигатель прогресса или проблема?'

Какую вещь из вашего дома вы бы хотели передать из поколения в поколение?

Как интернет изменил подрастающее поколение в последние десять лет?

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

It is neuter. It ends in -ие, which is a classic neuter ending. Always use 'какое', 'новое', 'наше'.

Simply 'поколение Z' (using the English letter) or 'поколение зумеров'.

The plural genitive is 'поколений'. For example: 'связь поколений'.

Yes, you can use it to describe a generation of a specific species in biology.

Yes, 'новое поколение программного обеспечения' is a common phrase.

'Поколение' is the whole group (e.g., Millennials), while 'сверстники' are people of your exact age.

The fixed idiom is 'из поколения в поколение'.

Yes, etymologically it means 'along the knee', where the knee represents a joint in family lineage.

Yes, it is very common in news, literature, and daily talk about family.

It is considered B2 because of its abstract and sociological applications.

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