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B1 noun #6,000 más común 10 min de lectura

津贴

jīntiē Top 6,000

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos 津贴 en 30 segundos

Explicación 津贴 in your Level:

At the A1 level, think of '津贴' (jīntiē) as 'extra money for a reason.' Imagine you are a student and your parents give you money specifically for the bus or for your lunch. That is like a '津贴.' In very simple Chinese, we call this '钱' (money) that is '给' (given) for a '用' (use). For example, '交通津贴' is money for the bus or train. You don't need to use this word in daily life yet, but you might see it on a sign or a simple job ad. Just remember: it's money for a specific purpose, like food or travel. It is different from a 'salary' because it is for a specific cost, not for the whole job.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '津贴' in the context of work. When you talk about a job, you can say '基本工资' (base salary) and '津贴' (allowance). A typical sentence would be: '公司给我交通津贴' (The company gives me a travel allowance). You should know that '津贴' is a noun. It is often used with common words like '午餐' (lunch), '住房' (housing), and '出差' (business trip). At this level, you should recognize that '津贴' is a benefit of a job. It is 'extra' money that helps you pay for things you need because of your work.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the formal nature of '津贴.' It is the standard term used in contracts and HR discussions. You should be able to distinguish it from '奖金' (bonus). A bonus is for doing a good job, but a '津贴' is because of your situation—for example, if you have to work in a very hot place, you get '高温津贴' (high-temperature allowance). You should also learn common verbs that go with it, like '发放' (to issue) and '领取' (to receive). You can explain your benefits package using this word: '我的福利不错，包括住房津贴和餐补' (My benefits are good, including housing allowance and meal subsidies).

At the B2 level, you should master the nuances between '津贴,' '补贴,' and '补助.' You understand that '津贴' is often related to labor conditions or professional status. You should be aware of government-level usage, such as '政府特殊津贴' for experts. You can use the word in more complex sentence structures, such as '享有...的津贴' (to be entitled to an allowance of...) or '津贴的标准' (the standard/rate of the allowance). You should also be able to discuss labor rights, such as whether a company is legally required to provide certain allowances based on local regulations.

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At the C1 level, you should be comfortable using '津贴' in academic, legal, or high-level business discussions. You understand its historical context in China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy, where allowances were used to balance wage scales. You can use it to discuss social policy, such as '育儿津贴' (child-rearing allowance) or '高龄津贴' (seniority allowance). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the formal register, using measure words like '项' or '笔' correctly. You can analyze how different types of '津贴' affect the overall tax structure or labor costs for a firm.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of '津贴.' You can use it in legal drafting or policy analysis. You understand the subtle connotations it carries in different sectors (e.g., the prestige of a 'Special Allowance' vs. the basic necessity of a 'Hardship Allowance'). You can engage in deep discussions about the economic impact of government subsidies versus direct allowances. You are also aware of regional variations in how these terms are applied across the Chinese-speaking world. You can use the word in sophisticated rhetorical ways, perhaps comparing 'financial allowances' to 'emotional allowances' in a literary context.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

津贴 en 30 segundos

津贴 (jīntiē) is a formal Chinese noun meaning 'allowance' or 'supplementary payment' for specific needs like travel, housing, or hardship.
It is commonly used in professional and government contexts, often appearing as 'Purpose + 津贴' (e.g., 住房津贴 for housing allowance).
Unlike a bonus (奖金), it is usually a fixed, recurring payment related to job conditions rather than individual performance.
Commonly paired with verbs like 发放 (issue) and 享有 (entitle to), it is a key component of Chinese compensation packages.

The Chinese term 津贴 (jīntiē) is a specialized noun that refers to a supplementary payment or allowance. Unlike a base salary (工资 gōngzī) or a performance bonus (奖金 jiǎngjīn), a 津贴 is typically earmarked for specific, often unavoidable, expenses incurred due to the nature of one's work or living conditions. In the context of the Chinese labor market and government policy, it serves as a financial 'cushion' to ensure that workers are not financially disadvantaged by their specific job requirements.

Etymological Roots: The character 津 (jīn) originally referred to a ferry crossing or saliva, but it carries a metaphorical sense of 'moistening' or 'nourishing.' The character 贴 (tiē) means to paste, stick, or provide financial help. Together, 津贴 implies a payment that 'moistens' or supplements one's basic income to cover specific needs.

为了补偿员工在偏远地区工作的艰苦，公司每月发放地区津贴。(To compensate employees for the hardships of working in remote areas, the company provides a monthly regional allowance.)

You will encounter this word most frequently in professional environments, HR contracts, and government welfare announcements. It covers a wide range of scenarios: from a modest meal allowance for overtime to the prestigious 'State Council Special Allowance' awarded to top-tier scientists and scholars. It is a formal term, reflecting a structured and official distribution of funds rather than a casual gift or tip.

Common Types of 津贴: 1. 高温津贴 (Gāowēn jīntiē): High-temperature allowance, legally required in many Chinese provinces for outdoor work in summer. 2. 交通津贴 (Jiāotōng jīntiē): Commuting or travel allowance. 3. 住房津贴 (Zhùfáng jīntiē): Housing allowance, often provided to civil servants or specialists.

他在海外工作期间，每天享有五十美元的生活津贴。(During his time working overseas, he enjoyed a daily living allowance of fifty dollars.)

Historically, 津贴 played a crucial role in the planned economy of China, where base salaries were relatively uniform across different sectors. These allowances were the primary way to adjust for the varying costs of living and job difficulties. Even today, in modern corporate China, the structure of 'Base Salary + 津贴 + Bonus' remains the standard for many employment contracts, especially in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the civil service.

这份工作的基本工资不高，但各种津贴加起来非常可观。(The base salary of this job isn't high, but all the various allowances added up are quite substantial.)

Register and Nuance: 津贴 is more formal than 补贴 (bǔtiē). While often used interchangeably in casual speech, 津贴 usually implies a fixed, systematic allowance related to job duties, whereas 补贴 can refer to broader subsidies, such as those for food or energy prices provided to the general public.

政府决定增加退休人员的生活津贴以应对通货膨胀。(The government decided to increase the living allowance for retirees to cope with inflation.)

公司取消了所有的出差津贴，导致员工怨声载道。(The company canceled all travel allowances, leading to widespread complaints among employees.)

Using 津贴 (jīntiē) correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that often functions as the object of verbs like '发放' (to issue/distribute), '享有' (to enjoy/be entitled to), or '领取' (to receive). It is frequently modified by specific nouns that define the purpose of the allowance.

Verb-Noun Pairings: Common verbs used with 津贴 include: 发放 (fāfàng) - to issue; 扣除 (kòuchú) - to deduct; 申请 (shēnqǐng) - to apply for; 上调 (shàngtiáo) - to increase/adjust upwards.

新政策规定，所有一线工人都有权领取高温津贴。(The new policy stipulates that all front-line workers have the right to receive a high-temperature allowance.)

In a sentence, 津贴 typically appears at the end of a noun phrase. For example, in '住房津贴' (housing allowance), '住房' acts as a classifier or modifier. This structure is very productive in Chinese. You can create new terms by adding a purpose before the word.

Sentence Structure: Subject + 发放 + [Type] + 津贴: Example: 公司每个月发放五百元的午餐津贴。 (The company issues a 500-yuan lunch allowance every month.) Here, '公司' is the subject, '发放' is the verb, and '五百元的午餐津贴' is the complex object.

由于预算缩减，公司决定暂时取消交通津贴。(Due to budget cuts, the company decided to temporarily cancel the transportation allowance.)

When discussing eligibility, we use the structure '享有...津贴' (to enjoy/be entitled to... allowance). This is common in recruitment advertisements and job descriptions to highlight the perks of the position.

符合条件的专家可以申请政府特殊津贴。(Eligible experts can apply for the special government allowance.)

In negative contexts, you might hear about '扣除津贴' (deducting allowance) or '取消津贴' (canceling allowance). This often happens if an employee fails to meet certain criteria or if the company's financial health declines.

如果员工经常迟到，公司可能会扣除其全勤津贴。(If an employee is frequently late, the company might deduct their perfect attendance allowance.)

Advanced Pattern: [Modifier] + 津贴 + 标准: Example: 我们需要重新审视出差津贴的标准。 (We need to re-examine the standards for travel allowances.) Here, '标准' (standard) is the head noun, and '出差津贴' acts as its modifier.

这些津贴通常不计入基本工资，因此不影响加班费的计算。(These allowances are usually not included in the base salary, so they do not affect the calculation of overtime pay.)

The word 津贴 (jīntiē) is a staple of professional and administrative life in China. You won't typically hear it in a casual conversation between friends about their weekend plans, but you will hear it the moment the topic shifts to work, money, or government policy.

1. The Human Resources Office: During job interviews or orientation sessions, HR managers will detail the compensation package. They might say: '除了基本工资，我们还提供交通和通讯津贴' (In addition to the base salary, we also provide transportation and communication allowances).

HR经理向新员工解释了住房津贴的申请流程。(The HR manager explained the application process for the housing allowance to the new employees.)

In large corporations, especially during the annual budget review, management will discuss whether to adjust the '津贴标准' (allowance standards) to keep up with the rising cost of living in cities like Beijing or Shanghai.

2. Government News and Policy Briefings: News broadcasts on CCTV or articles in the 'People's Daily' often mention 津贴 in the context of social welfare or honoring talent. For instance, a report might state that the government is increasing the '高龄津贴' (allowance for the elderly) or '残疾人津贴' (allowance for the disabled).

新闻报道称，政府将提高农村教师的岗位津贴。(News reports say the government will increase the post allowance for rural teachers.)

Another common place to hear this is in the legal field, specifically labor law disputes. If a company fails to pay the mandated '高温津贴' (high-temperature allowance) during a heatwave, workers might sue for their '应得津贴' (deserved allowance).

律师指出，拒绝发放高温津贴是违反劳动法的行为。(The lawyer pointed out that refusing to issue high-temperature allowances is a violation of labor law.)

3. Academic and Scientific Circles: In universities and research institutes, '津贴' is a prestige word. Professors might discuss who among them has been granted the '国务院特殊津贴' (State Council Special Allowance). This is not just about the money; it's a significant career milestone.

张教授因为在量子物理领域的卓越贡献，获得了政府特殊津贴。(Professor Zhang received the special government allowance for his outstanding contributions to quantum physics.)

Finally, you will find it in your own bank statements or salary slips if you work in China. It will be listed under 'Allowance' or 'Subsidy' sections, often broken down into 'Meal,' 'Transport,' and 'Communication.'

我查看了工资条，发现这个月多了一项出差津贴。(I checked my pay stub and found an extra travel allowance this month.)

While 津贴 (jīntiē) seems straightforward, learners often confuse it with other money-related terms like 补贴 (bǔtiē), 补助 (bǔzhù), and 工资 (gōngzī). Understanding the precise boundaries of these words is key to sounding natural.

Mistake 1: Confusing 津贴 with 补贴 (bǔtiē): This is the most common error. 津贴 is generally for job-related conditions (like working in a hot environment or traveling). 补贴 is broader and often refers to financial aid to offset rising costs (like a 'pork subsidy' or 'heating subsidy' for the general public). 补贴 can also be a verb, while 津贴 is almost exclusively a noun.

Incorrect: 政府每个月给我津贴一点钱买菜。(The government gives me a little allowance to buy vegetables - using it as a verb). Correct: 政府提供伙食补贴。(The government provides a food subsidy.)

Mistake 2: Confusing 津贴 with 补助 (bǔzhù): 补助 often implies a need-based assistance, like financial aid for a student from a poor family (助学金/生活补助). 津贴 is an entitlement based on a position or a specific task, regardless of the person's financial status.

Incorrect: 他的家庭很穷，所以学校发给他交通津贴。(His family is poor, so the school gave him a travel allowance). Better: ...学校发给他生活补助。(...the school gave him a living subsidy/aid.)

Another mistake is using 津贴 for a one-time reward. For a one-time performance-based payment, you should use 奖金 (jiǎngjīn). 津贴 is usually a recurring, systematic payment.

Incorrect: 因为我这个月表现好，老板给了我两千块津贴。(Because I performed well this month, the boss gave me a 2000 yuan allowance). Correct: ...老板给了我两千块奖金。(...the boss gave me a 2000 yuan bonus.)

Mistake 3: Misusing the Measure Word: Since 津贴 is a type of money, it is often used with '项' (xiàng - for items/categories) or '笔' (bǐ - for sums of money). Using '个' (gè) is too informal and technically incorrect in professional writing.

Correct: 这是一项新的住房津贴。(This is a new item of housing allowance.) Correct: 他收到了一笔丰厚的差旅津贴。(He received a generous sum of travel allowance.)

Finally, watch out for the pronunciation. The first character 津 is first tone (jīn), not second or third. Mispronouncing it as 'jǐn' might make it sound like '紧' (tight), which is the opposite of the abundance implied by an allowance!

In the world of Chinese finance and employment, several words orbit the concept of 'extra money.' Choosing the right one depends on the reason for the payment and the formality of the situation.

津贴 vs. 补贴 (bǔtiē): 津贴: Specifically for job conditions or hardships (e.g., travel, heat, danger). It's an allowance.
补贴: Broader, used for price subsidies or general cost-of-living support (e.g., food, heating). It's a subsidy.

这家公司提供交通津贴，而政府则提供粮食补贴。(This company provides a transportation allowance, while the government provides a grain subsidy.)

津贴 vs. 补助 (bǔzhù): 津贴: Entitlement-based; part of a standard package for specific roles.
补助: Need-based; often given to those in financial difficulty or as temporary relief (e.g., unemployment aid).

Think of 津贴 as 'extra for the job' and 补助 as 'help for the person.'

津贴 vs. 奖金 (jiǎngjīn): 津贴: Fixed/Scheduled; paid regardless of performance as long as conditions are met.
奖金: Variable/Performance-based; paid because you did a great job (bonus).

我拿到了出差津贴，还因为签了大单拿到了销售奖金。(I got the travel allowance, and also a sales bonus for signing a big contract.)

Informal Alternatives: In very casual speech, people might just say 补贴 (bǔ) or mention the specific expense like 报销 (bàoxiāo - reimbursement). However, 报销 implies you spend the money first and the company pays you back, while 津贴 is often a lump sum given upfront or with salary.

比起实报实销，我更喜欢直接拿固定津贴。(I prefer getting a fixed allowance directly rather than reimbursement based on actual receipts.)

Summary of nuances:
- 津贴: Professional, conditional, entitlement.
- 补贴: General, economic, subsidy.
- 补助: Social, welfare, aid.
- 奖金: Incentive, performance, bonus.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The character '津' is composed of the water radical '氵' and '聿' (a brush). It originally depicted water being 'brushed' or a place where one crosses water. In '津贴', it metaphorically 'moistens' the dry base salary.

Guía de pronunciación

UK dʒiːn tiɛ

US dʒin tiɛ

Primary stress on the first syllable 'jīn'.

Rima con

亲 (qīn) 新 (xīn) 心 (xīn) 金 (jīn) 今 (jīn) 贴 (tiē) rhymes with 些 (xiē) 别 (bié) 铁 (tiě)

Errores comunes

Pronouncing 'jīn' as 'jǐn' (third tone), which sounds like 'tight'.
Pronouncing 'tiē' as 'tiě' (third tone).
Confusing 'jīn' with 'qīn'.
Failing to aspirate the 't' in 'tiē'.
Mixing up the tones, making it sound like '进贴' (jìntiē).

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 3/5

Recognizing the characters is mid-level; '津' is slightly less common than '贴'.

Escritura 4/5

Writing '津' and '贴' requires attention to stroke order and radicals.

Expresión oral 3/5

Tones are usually clear, but must be distinguished from '补贴'.

Escucha 3/5

Common in news and work contexts; easy to catch once familiar.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

钱 (money) 给 (give) 公司 (company) 工资 (salary) 生活 (life)

Aprende después

福利 (welfare) 待遇 (treatment) 保险 (insurance) 公积金 (provident fund) 扣除 (deduct)

Avanzado

薪酬结构 (compensation structure) 边际效益 (marginal benefit) 宏观调控 (macro-regulation) 劳动法 (labor law)

Gramática que debes saber

Noun compounding for specific purposes

[Purpose] + 津贴 (e.g., 交通津贴)

Using '享有' for entitlements

员工享有医疗津贴。

Using '发放' for official distribution

公司按月发放津贴。

Prepositional phrases with '由于'

由于通货膨胀，津贴增加了。

Measure words for money items (项/笔)

这是一项特殊的津贴。

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Ejemplos por nivel

这是你的交通津贴。

This is your travel allowance.

Simple Subject-Verb-Object structure.

公司给午餐津贴吗？

Does the company give a lunch allowance?

Question using '吗'.

我有五十块钱的津贴。

I have a 50-yuan allowance.

Using '的' to show the amount.

他每个月有津贴。

He has an allowance every month.

Time adverbial '每个月' before the verb.

我不想要这个津贴。

I don't want this allowance.

Negative '不' before the verb.

津贴在哪里？

Where is the allowance?

Basic location question.

这是给你的小津贴。

This is a small allowance for you.

Using '给' as a preposition.

爸爸给我津贴。

Dad gives me an allowance.

Double object construction (indirect object '我', direct '津贴').

这家公司提供住房津贴。

This company provides a housing allowance.

Verb '提供' (to provide) is common with '津贴'.

出差的时候有津贴吗？

Is there an allowance when going on a business trip?

'的时候' indicates the time or condition.

我的津贴比他的多。

My allowance is more than his.

Comparison using '比'.

除了工资，我还有津贴。

Besides salary, I also have an allowance.

Structure '除了...还...' (besides... also...).

你可以领取交通津贴。

You can receive a transportation allowance.

Modal verb '可以' showing permission.

这种津贴每个月发一次。

This kind of allowance is issued once a month.

Frequency expression '一次' after the verb.

他的津贴不够买饭。

His allowance is not enough to buy a meal.

'不够' (not enough) followed by a purpose.

请问怎么申请津贴？

Excuse me, how do I apply for the allowance?

Question word '怎么' for method.

根据公司规定，加班有额外的午餐津贴。

According to company regulations, there is an extra lunch allowance for overtime.

'根据...规定' is a formal prepositional phrase.

由于天气炎热，工人享有高温津贴。

Due to the hot weather, workers are entitled to a high-temperature allowance.

'由于' introducing a reason; '享有' (to enjoy/be entitled to).

这项津贴是为了补偿员工的交通费用。

This allowance is intended to compensate employees for their travel expenses.

'是为了' showing purpose.

公司决定上调住房津贴的标准。

The company decided to increase the standard for the housing allowance.

'上调...的标准' is professional terminology.

如果你出差，公司会发放每日津贴。

If you go on a business trip, the company will issue a daily allowance.

Conditional '如果...就/会...'.

他因为获得了政府特殊津贴而感到自豪。

He felt proud because he received the special government allowance.

'因为...而...' showing cause and effect.

请确保在月底前提交津贴申请表。

Please ensure you submit the allowance application form before the end of the month.

Imperative with '请确保'.

这些津贴是免税的吗？

Are these allowances tax-free?

Adjective '免税' (tax-free).

为了吸引人才，该市提高了博士后的生活津贴。

To attract talent, the city increased the living allowance for postdocs.

'为了' at the start for purpose.

津贴的发放应当公开透明，接受员工监督。

The distribution of allowances should be open and transparent, subject to employee supervision.

Modal '应当' and passive-like '接受...监督'.

他在偏远地区支教，享有艰苦边远地区津贴。

He is teaching in a remote area and is entitled to a hardship allowance for remote areas.

Specific term '艰苦边远地区津贴'.

该项津贴直接打入员工的工资卡中。

This allowance is deposited directly into the employees' salary cards.

Verb '打入' (to deposit/transfer).

由于预算紧张，今年的岗位津贴有所缩减。

Due to budget constraints, this year's post allowances have been reduced somewhat.

'有所' + verb (to have some degree of...).

劳动合同中明确规定了各项津贴的数额。

The labor contract clearly stipulates the amount of each allowance.

Resultative complement '明确规定'.

政府决定为受灾群众发放临时生活津贴。

The government decided to issue temporary living allowances for the disaster-affected people.

'为...发放' (issue for...).

津贴的数额取决于你的职级和工作年限。

The amount of the allowance depends on your job level and years of service.

'取决于' (depends on).

政府特殊津贴不仅是经济奖励，更是对其学术地位的认可。

The special government allowance is not only a financial reward but also an acknowledgment of one's academic status.

Correlative '不仅...更是...'.

企业通过优化津贴结构来提高员工的整体福利水平。

Enterprises improve employees' overall welfare levels by optimizing the allowance structure.

Method '通过...来...'.

在通货膨胀背景下，定期的津贴调整显得尤为重要。

In the context of inflation, regular allowance adjustments appear particularly important.

'尤为' (especially) + adjective.

该政策旨在通过育儿津贴缓解人口老龄化问题。

The policy aims to alleviate the problem of an aging population through child-rearing allowances.

'旨在' (to aim at).

津贴的发放标准应根据当地物价指数进行动态调整。

The standard for issuing allowances should be dynamically adjusted based on the local consumer price index.

Adverbial '动态' (dynamically).

部分津贴在税法中被视为非货币性福利，享有一定的免税额度。

Some allowances are regarded as non-monetary benefits in tax law and enjoy a certain tax-free quota.

Passive '被视为' (be regarded as).

这种变相的津贴实际上是公司避税的一种手段。

This disguised allowance is actually a means for the company to avoid taxes.

Noun phrase '变相的津贴' (disguised allowance).

津贴制度的改革需要充分考虑到各阶层利益的平衡。

The reform of the allowance system needs to fully consider the balance of interests among various classes.

Verbal noun '改革' (reform) as subject.

津贴作为薪酬体系的补充，其灵活性远高于基本工资。

As a supplement to the compensation system, the flexibility of allowances is far higher than that of the base salary.

Comparison '远高于' (far higher than).

在某些高度危险的行业，风险津贴占据了总收入的相当大一部分。

In certain high-risk industries, risk allowances account for a significant portion of total income.

'占据了...一部分' (accounts for a part of).

法律专家正在讨论如何将高温津贴的法律效力进一步强化。

Legal experts are discussing how to further strengthen the legal force of high-temperature allowances.

Complex '如何将...进一步强化' structure.

该项特殊津贴的设立，旨在激励科研人员攻克核心技术难题。

The establishment of this special allowance aims to motivate researchers to overcome core technical challenges.

Formal '设立' (establishment).

由于津贴发放标准不一，导致了跨地区人才流动的障碍。

Due to inconsistent allowance standards, barriers to cross-regional talent mobility have been created.

'导致了...的障碍' (led to the barrier of...).

我们需要从宏观经济角度审视育儿津贴对生育率的长远影响。

We need to examine the long-term impact of child-rearing allowances on fertility rates from a macroeconomic perspective.

'从...角度审视' (examine from the perspective of...).

津贴的异化可能导致企业内部出现新的分配不公。

The alienation of allowances may lead to new distributional injustices within the enterprise.

Sophisticated noun '异化' (alienation).

在福利国家，名目繁多的津贴构成了社会保障网的重要组成部分。

In welfare states, a wide variety of allowances constitute an important part of the social safety net.

Idiomatic '名目繁多' (a wide variety of names/items).

Sinónimos

补贴补助酬金奖金福利

Antónimos

罚款税收

Colocaciones comunes

发放津贴

享有津贴

住房津贴

交通津贴

高温津贴

特殊津贴

岗位津贴

领取津贴

申请津贴

上调津贴

Frases Comunes

生活津贴

— A living allowance provided to cover basic daily costs.

留学生可以申请生活津贴。

出差津贴

— A per diem or travel allowance for business trips.

出差津贴按天计算。

全勤津贴

— A perfect attendance allowance given to those who never miss work.

如果你不迟到，就能拿全勤津贴。

通讯津贴

— An allowance for phone or internet bills.

公司每月发五十元通讯津贴。

地区津贴

— A regional allowance for working in expensive or remote areas.

偏远地区有额外的地区津贴。

育儿津贴

— A government or employer allowance to help with child-rearing costs.

政府发放育儿津贴以鼓励生育。

高龄津贴

— An allowance specifically for senior citizens.

九十岁以上的老人有高龄津贴。

残疾人津贴

— An allowance for individuals with disabilities.

国家提高了残疾人津贴。

书报津贴

— An allowance for buying books and newspapers (common in academia).

教授们每年都有书报津贴。

野外津贴

— An allowance for working in the field or outdoors.

地质队员有高额的野外津贴。

Se confunde a menudo con

津贴 vs 补贴

Subsidy. Broader and more economic. Often used for price adjustments (food, fuel).

津贴 vs 补助

Aid/Assistance. Often need-based or for charity/welfare.

津贴 vs 奖金

Bonus. Performance-based reward, not a fixed allowance for conditions.

Modismos y expresiones

"津津有味"

— Technically uses '津' (saliva), meaning to do something with great relish or interest. Not directly related to money, but uses the same character.

他津津有味地吃着午餐。

Common

"名目繁多"

— Often used to describe a wide variety of allowances or items.

公司的津贴名目繁多。

Formal

"应有尽有"

— To have everything one should have; used to describe a full benefits package.

这里的各种津贴应有尽有。

Neutral

"微乎其微"

— Very little; sometimes used to complain that an allowance is too small.

那点津贴简直微乎其微。

Literary

"杯水车薪"

— An utterly inadequate amount; used when an allowance doesn't cover costs.

这笔津贴对于高昂的房租来说只是杯水车薪。

Literary

"锦上添花"

— To add flowers to brocade; describes an allowance that makes a good salary even better.

这笔津贴对他来说是锦上添花。

Common

"雪中送炭"

— To send charcoal in the snow; describes an allowance given during a time of need.

这笔生活津贴真是雪中送炭。

Common

"聊胜于无"

— Better than nothing; used when an allowance is small but acceptable.

虽然津贴不多，但也聊胜于无。

Common

"入不敷出"

— Income not meeting expenditure; why someone might need a '津贴'.

因为入不敷出，他申请了额外津贴。

Formal

"名副其实"

— To be worthy of the name; used for a 'special' allowance that is truly significant.

这是名副其实的特殊津贴。

Formal

Fácil de confundir

津贴 vs 补贴

Both mean extra money.

津贴 is for job conditions; 补贴 is for general cost support.

高温津贴 (allowance) vs. 粮食补贴 (subsidy).

津贴 vs 补助

Both imply financial support.

补助 is often based on poverty or need; 津贴 is based on position or hardship.

贫困补助 (poverty aid) vs. 岗位津贴 (post allowance).

津贴 vs 酬金

Both are payments.

酬金 is a one-time fee for a service; 津贴 is a recurring allowance.

翻译酬金 (translation fee) vs. 住房津贴 (housing allowance).

津贴 vs 福利

Both are job perks.

福利 is the whole package (insurance, gym, etc.); 津贴 is specifically the cash allowance component.

公司福利很好，包括各种津贴。

津贴 vs 报销

Both involve company money for expenses.

报销 is reimbursement of actual spent money; 津贴 is a fixed amount given regardless of actual spend.

实报实销 (reimburse actuals) vs. 固定津贴 (fixed allowance).

Patrones de oraciones

S + 有 + [Type] + 津贴

我有交通津贴。

S + 发放 + [Amount] + 的 + [Type] + 津贴

公司发放两百元的午餐津贴。

S + 享有 + [Type] + 津贴

他享有住房津贴。

根据...，发放...津贴

根据合同，公司发放差旅津贴。

由于...，[Type] 津贴有所 [Increase/Decrease]

由于高温，高温津贴有所上调。

[Type] 津贴的设立旨在...

育儿津贴的设立旨在减轻家庭负担。

S + 将...津贴 + 直接打入 + 账户

财务部将津贴直接打入员工账户。

津贴的异化导致了...

津贴的异化导致了薪酬体系的混乱。

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

津贴 (allowance)

补贴 (subsidy)

补助 (aid)

贴补 (supplement)

Verbos

补贴 (to subsidize)

贴补 (to supplement income)

津贴 (rarely used as verb)

Adjetivos

贴心的 (considerate - uses 'tiē')

津津有味的 (relishing)

Relacionado

工资 (salary)

福利 (welfare)

奖金 (bonus)

报销 (reimbursement)

待遇 (treatment/package)

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

High in work, law, and government contexts.

Errores comunes

Using 津贴 as a verb. → Using 补贴 as a verb or using 发放津贴.
津贴 is almost exclusively a noun in modern Chinese.
Using 津贴 for a performance bonus. → 奖金 (jiǎngjīn).
Performance rewards are '奖金'; '津贴' are for conditions.
Confusing 津贴 with pocket money for kids. → 零用钱 (língyòngqián).
津贴 is formal and professional; kids get pocket money.
Mispronouncing '津' as second tone 'jín'. → First tone 'jīn'.
Tones change meaning; keep it high and flat.
Using '个' as a measure word. → '项' or '笔'.
'项' is more appropriate for items of a benefits package.

Consejos

Measure Words

Always use '项' (xiàng) for categories of allowance and '笔' (bǐ) for a specific sum of money.

Precision

Specify the purpose (e.g., 住房) before the word to be clear.

Prestige

Recognize that some '津贴' are honors, not just money.

Tone Accuracy

Practice the first tone 'jīn' to avoid sounding like you're saying 'tight' (jǐn).

Formal Verbs

Use '发放' (to issue) for a more professional tone than '给' (to give).

Job Ads

When reading job ads, look for '津贴' to see the extra perks beyond the base pay.

津贴 vs 奖金

Remember: 津贴 is for conditions, 奖金 is for performance.

Worker Rights

Know that '高温津贴' is a legal right in many parts of China.

Research Grants

In universities, stipends for students are often called '津贴' or '补助'.

Budgeting

When calculating your take-home pay in China, always include the '津贴' line items.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of 'Jin' as 'Gin' (a drink that moistens your throat) and 'Tie' as 'Tying' it to your salary. A 'Jin-Tie' is a refreshing addition tied to your paycheck.

Asociación visual

Imagine a worker in the hot sun (高温) being handed a cold bottle of water with a 100-yuan bill 'pasted' (贴) to it. That's a '津贴'.

Word Web

工资 (Salary) 奖金 (Bonus) 福利 (Benefits) 津贴 (Allowance) 补贴 (Subsidy) 住房 (Housing) 交通 (Transport) 高温 (Heat)

Desafío

Try to list three '津贴' you would ask for in your dream job contract using Chinese.

Origen de la palabra

The term combines '津' (jīn) and '贴' (tiē). '津' originally meant a ferry crossing or saliva, implying something that 'moistens' or 'connects.' '贴' means to attach or provide financial help. Together, it emerged as a term for supplemental income that 'moistens' one's financial state.

Significado original: A supplemental fund to cover specific costs or provide comfort.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

Contexto cultural

Be careful not to confuse '津贴' with '补助' when talking to someone in financial need; '补助' is more appropriate for charity or aid, while '津贴' sounds like a professional entitlement.

The English 'allowance' or 'stipend' is the closest equivalent, but '津贴' is often more formal and specifically tied to job conditions.

国务院政府特殊津贴 (State Council Special Allowance) 艰苦边远地区津贴 (Hardship Allowance for Remote Areas) 高温津贴管理办法 (Regulations on High-Temperature Allowance)

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Job Interview

请问有住房津贴吗？
津贴的标准是多少？
哪些岗位享有津贴？
津贴是税后的吗？

HR Meeting

我们要调整津贴。
发放津贴的时间。
申请津贴的流程。
取消不必要的津贴。

News Report

政府发放补贴。
提高高龄津贴。
落实高温津贴。
特殊津贴专家。

Legal Dispute

追讨欠发的津贴。
违反津贴规定。
法定的津贴数额。
津贴发放凭证。

Family Budget

算上津贴才够用。
这笔津贴存起来。
等发了津贴再买。
津贴又涨了。

Inicios de conversación

"你们公司的住房津贴多吗？ (Does your company provide a lot of housing allowance?)"

"你听说过‘政府特殊津贴’吗？ (Have you heard of the 'State Council Special Allowance'?)"

"在你们国家，高温天气有津贴吗？ (In your country, is there an allowance for hot weather?)"

"你觉得津贴和奖金哪个更重要？ (Do you think allowances or bonuses are more important?)"

"出差的时候，你通常能领到多少津贴？ (How much allowance do you usually get when traveling for business?)"

Temas para diario

描述一下你理想的工作福利包，包括哪些津贴。 (Describe your ideal job benefits package, including which allowances.)

你认为政府应该给哪些人群发放额外的生活津贴？为什么？ (Which groups do you think the government should give extra living allowances to? Why?)

如果你突然收到一笔意外的津贴，你会怎么花？ (If you suddenly received an unexpected allowance, how would you spend it?)

讨论一下高温津贴对保护劳动者权利的重要性。 (Discuss the importance of high-temperature allowances for protecting workers' rights.)

比较一下你目前的工作和之前工作的津贴待遇。 (Compare the allowance benefits of your current job and your previous job.)

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

In China, while it is paid with your salary, it is often listed as a separate line item. Legally, some allowances are treated differently for tax purposes than the base salary.

The most common ones are 交通津贴 (transportation), 通讯津贴 (communication), and during summer, 高温津贴 (high-temperature allowance).

It depends on the type. Some official allowances like the State Council Special Allowance are tax-free, but most corporate allowances are added to your gross income and taxed.

Yes, in many private companies, allowances for housing or travel are a key part of the total package negotiation.

Yes, in many provinces in China, companies are legally required to pay a high-temperature allowance if the working environment exceeds a certain temperature.

津贴 is for 'where you work or what you do,' while 补贴 is for 'what things cost.'

Usually monthly along with the salary, though some (like travel per diems) are issued per event.

This depends on the contract, but usually, full-time employees have more comprehensive allowance packages.

Unless it is legally mandated (like heat allowance), a company can adjust its allowance policy, though it often requires notice to employees.

It is awarded to experts, scholars, and technical personnel who have made outstanding contributions to the country.

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