Liabilities are financial obligations that require future repayment.
Palabra en 30 segundos
- Financial obligations owed to others.
- Represents a future economic burden.
- Key in personal finance and business.
Overview
负债（fùzhài）是一个在经济和金融领域广泛使用的词语，指的是个人、公司或政府所欠的债务。它不仅包括了金钱上的欠款，也可能指代需要履行的其他经济义务。理解负债对于个人理财、企业经营以及宏观经济分析都至关重要。负债的存在意味着未来需要付出一定的经济代价来偿还，因此它被视为一种潜在的风险和经济负担。
负债通常作为名词使用，可以单独出现，也可以与其他词语组合构成更具体的表达。例如，可以说“个人负债”、“公司负债”、“国家负债”、“短期负债”、“长期负债”等。在描述负债时，常会涉及金额、利率、偿还期限等相关信息。动词“承担”、“增加”、“减少”、“偿还”、“清偿”等常与负债搭配使用。
负债一词最常出现在以下语境中：
**法律合同**：在涉及借贷、担保等法律文件中，负债是核心概念之一。
与“负债”相似的词语包括“债务”、“欠款”、“借款”。
- 债务 (zhàiwù)：与“负债”意思非常接近，通常指已形成的、需要偿还的债权关系，强调的是法律上的义务。在很多情况下可以互换使用。
- 欠款 (qiànkuǎn)：更侧重于尚未支付的款项，强调的是金钱上的拖欠，可能不如“负债”和“债务”那样具有法律或财务的正式性。
- 借款 (jièkuǎn)：特指通过借贷行为产生的负债，强调的是资金的来源是借入。所有借款都构成负债，但负债不一定都来源于借款（例如，应付账款）。
Ejemplos
我的信用卡这个月有很大一笔负债需要偿还。
everydayI have a large credit card liability to pay off this month.
公司在最新的财务报告中披露了其全部的短期和长期负债。
formalThe company disclosed its total short-term and long-term liabilities in the latest financial report.
他到处借钱，年纪轻轻就一身负债。
informalHe borrowed money everywhere and was burdened with debt at a young age.
政府的财政赤字导致国家负债不断攀升。
academicThe government's fiscal deficit has caused the national debt to continuously increase.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
资产负债表
balance sheet
无负债经营
debt-free operation
负债经营
leveraged operation
Se confunde a menudo con
Assets (资产) are what you own, things that have economic value and can generate future benefit. Liabilities (负债) are what you owe, obligations that require future payment. They are opposite sides of a financial balance sheet.
Patrones gramaticales
How to Use It
Notas de uso
The term '负债' (fùzhài) is primarily used in formal and semi-formal contexts, especially in finance, accounting, and economics. While it can appear in everyday conversation when discussing personal finances, more casual terms like '欠款' (qiànkuǎn - amount owed) might be used. Its formal nature implies a structured financial obligation.
Errores comunes
Learners might confuse '负债' (liabilities) with '资产' (assets), which are opposite concepts. Another common mistake is using it too casually in informal settings where simpler terms suffice. Ensure the context is appropriate for discussing financial obligations.
Tips
Understand Your Debt Load
Always be aware of the total amount of your liabilities and the terms of repayment. Knowing your financial obligations is the first step to managing them effectively.
Avoid Excessive Borrowing
Taking on too much debt can lead to financial distress, making it difficult to meet basic needs or pursue financial goals.
Debt Aversion in Culture
In some cultures, there's a strong emphasis on avoiding debt, viewing it as a sign of poor financial management or even a moral failing.
Origen de la palabra
The character '负' (fù) originally meant 'to turn one's back' or 'to carry on the back'. It evolved to mean 'to bear' or 'to be responsible for'. The character '债' (zhài) means 'debt'. Together, '负债' literally means 'to bear debt', emphasizing the responsibility and burden associated with owing money.
Contexto cultural
In many East Asian cultures, including Chinese culture, there is a strong traditional value placed on financial prudence and avoiding debt. Being heavily in debt can sometimes carry a social stigma, reflecting negatively on personal responsibility and integrity.
Truco para recordar
Think of '负' (fù - to bear/carry) as bearing a burden, and '债' (zhài - debt). So, '负债' is carrying the burden of debt.
Preguntas frecuentes
4 preguntas在日常使用中，“负债”和“债务”经常可以互换。但从严格意义上讲，“负债”是一个更广泛的概念，包括了所有需要履行的经济义务，而“债务”通常指由借贷关系产生的、有明确偿还义务的金钱。例如，应付给供应商的货款也可以看作一种负债，但可能不常被称为“债务”。
个人负债通常包括房贷、车贷、信用卡欠款、学生贷款、个人消费贷款以及其他任何需要偿还的借款或欠款。
不一定。适度的负债，特别是用于投资（如房贷、创业贷款）并能产生回报的负债，有时是必要的。关键在于负债的规模、成本（利率）以及偿还能力是否在可控范围内。
管理个人负债的关键在于量入为出，制定合理的预算，优先偿还高利率的债务，并避免不必要的借贷。同时，增加收入和储蓄也能有效减轻负债压力。
Ponte a prueba
这家公司面临巨大的______压力，需要尽快找到新的融资渠道。
句意是公司面临偿还的压力，这与“负债”的概念相符。
以下哪项最能准确描述“负债”？
负债的核心含义是将来需要用自己的资源去偿还的经济义务。
请用“负债”、“管理”、“有效”和“个人”组成一个句子。
这个选项语法正确，意思清晰，符合表达习惯。
Puntuación: /3
Summary
Liabilities are financial obligations that require future repayment.
- Financial obligations owed to others.
- Represents a future economic burden.
- Key in personal finance and business.
Understand Your Debt Load
Always be aware of the total amount of your liabilities and the terms of repayment. Knowing your financial obligations is the first step to managing them effectively.
Avoid Excessive Borrowing
Taking on too much debt can lead to financial distress, making it difficult to meet basic needs or pursue financial goals.
Debt Aversion in Culture
In some cultures, there's a strong emphasis on avoiding debt, viewing it as a sign of poor financial management or even a moral failing.
Ejemplos
4 de 4我的信用卡这个月有很大一笔负债需要偿还。
I have a large credit card liability to pay off this month.
公司在最新的财务报告中披露了其全部的短期和长期负债。
The company disclosed its total short-term and long-term liabilities in the latest financial report.
他到处借钱，年纪轻轻就一身负债。
He borrowed money everywhere and was burdened with debt at a young age.
政府的财政赤字导致国家负债不断攀升。
The government's fiscal deficit has caused the national debt to continuously increase.
Related Content
Esta palabra en otros idiomas
Vocabulario relacionado
Finance; banking.
欠款Debt; arrears; money owed.
资产Something valuable owned by a person, company, or country th...
财务The management of large amounts of money, especially by gove...
债务Something, typically money, that is owed or due to someone e...
贷款An amount of money borrowed from a bank or financial institu...
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