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A2 adjective 10 دقیقه مطالعه

미지수이다

mijisueida

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 미지수이다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 미지수이다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '미지수이다' might be a bit difficult because it's a combination of a noun and the verb 'to be.' However, you can think of it as a fancy way to say 'I don't know' or 'It's a secret for now.' Imagine you are playing a game and you don't know who will win. You can use this word to sound like a smart detective! Just remember: [Something] + 미지수예요. It's like saying 'Something is a question mark.' Focus on learning it as a fixed phrase for 'I'm not sure yet' in slightly formal situations.

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For A2 learners, '미지수이다' is a great word to describe uncertainty in your plans. You are starting to use more complex sentences with '-ㄴ지' (whether). For example, 'Whether I will go to Korea is an unknown' (한국에 갈지 미지수예요). This word helps you move beyond just saying '몰라요' (I don't know). It shows you understand that some things depend on other things, like money or time. Use it when talking about your future plans or the weather for a trip you are planning.

At the B1 level, you should start using '미지수이다' in more professional or analytical contexts. You can use it to discuss news topics or business projects. You should be comfortable with the structure '[Action/State] + -ㄹ지 여부가 미지수이다' (Whether or not [Action/State] happens is an unknown). This level involves understanding that '미지수' acts as a noun meaning 'variable.' You can use it to describe why a project might fail or succeed, highlighting the specific factors that are still uncertain.

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B2 learners should use '미지수이다' to express nuanced uncertainty in debates or essays. You can combine it with adverbs like '여전히' (still), '사실상' (virtually), or '완전히' (completely). You should also recognize it in sports and economic news. At this level, you should be able to distinguish '미지수이다' from '불확실하다' (uncertain) or '불투명하다' (opaque). '미지수이다' specifically implies that the outcome is like a mathematical variable that hasn't been solved yet, which is perfect for discussing complex social issues.

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At the C1 level, you should have a deep grasp of the rhetorical power of '미지수이다.' It is often used to create suspense or to maintain a neutral, objective stance in academic writing. You can use it to critique theories or to discuss philosophical unknowns. You should also be familiar with related idioms and more advanced collocations, such as '가장 큰 미지수로 떠오르다' (to emerge as the biggest unknown). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's mathematical origins and how that logic applies to abstract human experiences.

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For C2 learners, '미지수이다' is a tool for precise linguistic expression. You can use it in high-level diplomatic, scientific, or literary contexts. You should be able to use it to describe the inherent unpredictability of human nature or the cosmos. At this level, you might use it to describe 'the human element' as the ultimate 'mijisu' in a world of data. You can also play with the word in creative writing, using it as a metaphor for a character's hidden past or an unresolved plot point, fully utilizing the 'variable' connotation.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

미지수이다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Used to describe situations where the outcome is unpredictable or depends on many variables.
Comes from the mathematical term for an unknown variable like 'x' or 'y'.
Commonly used in news, business, and sports to discuss future results.
More formal and analytical than simply saying 'I don't know' (모르다).

The word 미지수이다 (mijisuda) is a fascinating linguistic bridge between the world of mathematics and everyday Korean conversation. At its core, it is composed of the noun 미지수 (unknown quantity/variable) and the copula 이다 (to be). In a mathematical context, it refers to the 'x' or 'y' in an equation—the value that has not yet been determined. However, in daily life, Koreans use this term as a powerful adjective-like predicate to describe situations, outcomes, or intentions that are completely unpredictable or shrouded in uncertainty. It carries a more intellectual and definitive nuance than simply saying 'I don't know' or 'It's uncertain.'

Mathematical Origin: Derived from Hanja (未知數), where '미' (未) means 'not yet,' '지' (知) means 'to know,' and '수' (數) means 'number.' Literally, it is a 'not-yet-known number.'
Metaphorical Usage: When applied to social scenarios, it suggests that despite having some data, the final result is still a 'variable' that could change based on external factors.

그가 이번 프로젝트에 참여할지는 아직 미지수이다.
— "Whether he will participate in this project is still an unknown factor."

You will often hear this word in professional settings, news broadcasts, or when discussing complex future plans. It implies a level of complexity where simple guesswork isn't enough. For example, if a company is launching a new product in a volatile market, the success of that product is a 'mijisu.' It isn't just 'unknown'; it is a variable that depends on many moving parts like consumer trends, competitor actions, and economic stability.

내일 날씨가 도와줄지가 승부의 미지수이다.
— "Whether the weather will help us tomorrow is the unknown variable of the match."

In interpersonal relationships, this word can describe a person's character or future actions. If someone is unpredictable, you might say their next move is a 'mijisu.' This doesn't necessarily mean they are untrustworthy, but rather that they are a 'wild card.' It is a common term in sports commentary, where the physical condition of a star player returning from injury is described as the 'biggest unknown' (가장 큰 미지수) for the upcoming game.

Common Contexts: 1. Business Feasibility 2. Political Election Outcomes 3. Scientific Hypotheses 4. Personal Life Decisions

Using 미지수이다 correctly involves placing it at the end of a clause that describes the uncertain element. Usually, this clause ends with the question-ending particle -ㄴ지/-은지/-는지, which translates to 'whether' or 'if.' This structure allows you to pinpoint exactly what is unknown. For instance, 'When we will arrive is unknown' would be '언제 도착할지 미지수이다.'

Sentence Structure 1: [Clause] + -ㄹ지 미지수이다: This is the most common pattern. It highlights a future possibility or a current state that hasn't been confirmed.

새로운 정책이 효과가 있을지 미지수이다.
— "It is an unknown factor whether the new policy will be effective."

Another way to use it is by making the unknown factor the subject of the sentence using the subject markers -이/가. This is often used when the 'unknown quantity' is a specific noun, like 'success,' 'outcome,' or 'possibility.' For example, 'The success of the plan is an unknown quantity' becomes '계획의 성공은 미지수이다.'

Sentence Structure 2: [Noun] + -은/는 미지수이다: Focuses on a specific concept or noun as the variable.

그 영화의 흥행 여부는 여전히 미지수이다.
— "Whether that movie will be a box office hit is still an unknown factor."

You can also add adverbs to modify the degree of uncertainty. Common adverbs include 여전히 (still), 아직 (yet), and 완전히 (completely). Using these adverbs helps specify that the uncertainty persists despite efforts to clarify it. If you want to say something is 'a big unknown,' you use 큰 미지수이다.

In complex sentences, '미지수이다' can be used as a modifier. For example, 'a situation where everything is an unknown' would be '모든 것이 미지수인 상황.' This is highly effective in descriptive writing and journalism to set a tone of suspense or analytical caution. It allows the writer to avoid being overly definitive when the facts are still emerging.

그의 복귀 시점은 미지수이지만, 팬들은 기다리고 있다.
— "The timing of his return is unknown, but the fans are waiting."

If you turn on the Korean news or open a business journal, you will encounter 미지수이다 almost daily. It is the 'bread and butter' of analytical reporting. Journalists use it to describe geopolitical tensions, market fluctuations, and legislative outcomes. For instance, when the North and South Korean relations are discussed, the possibility of a summit is often described as a 'mijisu' due to the volatile nature of diplomacy.

In the Newsroom: Anchors use it to summarize reports where there is no clear conclusion. 'Who will win the election is still a mijisu.'
In Corporate Meetings: Managers use it to manage expectations. 'The ROI of this marketing campaign remains a mijisu for now.'

이번 선거에서 누가 승리할지는 끝까지 미지수입니다.
— "Who will win in this election remains an unknown until the very end."

Sports broadcasts are another major venue for this word. When a key player gets injured right before a championship, the commentator will say, 'Whether the team can win without their captain is the biggest mijisu of this game.' It adds a layer of drama and strategic depth to the commentary, highlighting that the outcome is no longer a given.

In everyday life, you might hear it among students discussing exams or grades. If an exam was particularly tricky, a student might say, 'I think I did okay, but my final grade is still a mijisu.' This usage is slightly more sophisticated than saying 'I don't know,' suggesting that the grading curve or other factors are out of their control. It's also frequently used in the context of 'blind dates' (소개팅). Friends might ask, 'How was the date?' and the response might be, 'He was nice, but whether we'll meet again is a mijisu.'

그가 제안을 수락할지는 여전히 미지수이다.
— "Whether he will accept the proposal is still an unknown quantity."

Finally, it appears in scientific and philosophical discussions. When talking about the existence of life on other planets or the future of artificial intelligence, '미지수이다' is the perfect term to describe the limits of current human knowledge. It acknowledges that while we have theories, the absolute truth remains a variable we haven't solved yet.

The most common mistake learners make with 미지수이다 is using it for simple facts that are merely unknown to the speaker, rather than things that are inherently unpredictable. For example, if you forgot where you put your keys, you wouldn't say 'My key's location is a mijisu.' That sounds overly dramatic and mathematically absurd. Instead, you would simply say '모르겠어요' (I don't know). '미지수이다' should be reserved for situations with multiple influencing factors.

Mistake 1: Over-dramatizing simple ignorance: Don't use it for things like 'I don't know what I ate for breakfast.' Use it for 'Whether I will be healthy in 20 years is a mijisu.'
Mistake 2: Confusing with '불확실하다' (Uncertain): While similar, '불확실하다' focuses on the lack of certainty, while '미지수이다' treats the uncertainty as a specific 'variable' or 'factor' in a larger equation.

[Wrong]: 내 이름이 무엇인지 미지수이다.
— Correct: 내 이름이 무엇인지 모르겠다. (I don't know my name.)

Another common error involves the particle usage. Learners often forget to use the -ㄴ지/-는지 ending for the preceding clause. Without this 'whether' particle, the sentence can feel grammatically disconnected. For example, '그가 온다 미지수이다' is incorrect. It must be '그가 올지 미지수이다.' This connection is vital for the 'variable' logic of the word to function properly in Korean grammar.

Lastly, some learners confuse '미지수이다' with '의문이다' (to be a question/doubtful). While they overlap, '의문이다' often carries a skeptical tone—as if the speaker suspects something might not happen. '미지수이다' is more neutral; it simply states that the answer hasn't been found yet. If you say 'His success is an 의문,' you might sound like you doubt him. If you say it's a 미지수, you are just saying the result isn't out yet.

[Correct]: 회사가 이익을 낼 수 있을지는 아직 미지수이다.
— "It is still an unknown whether the company can make a profit."

In summary, avoid using this word for trivial personal things. Keep it for situations that feel like 'puzzles' or 'complex problems' where many factors are at play. This will ensure you sound natural and use the word with its intended intellectual weight.

To truly master 미지수이다, you must understand how it sits within a family of words that express uncertainty. Depending on the context—whether you're talking about a vague future, a suspicious claim, or a complex calculation—you might choose a different word. The most direct alternative is 불확실하다, but there are several others that offer more specific nuances.

불확실하다 (Uncertain): This is a general term. Use this when you simply lack certainty. 미지수이다 is more specific to 'factors' and 'variables.'
불투명하다 (Opaque/Unclear): Literally 'not transparent.' Often used for future prospects or plans that lack a clear path. 'The future of the project is 불투명하다.'
의문이다 (Is a Question/Doubtful): Used when you have doubts about something. It has a more skeptical tone than the neutral 미지수이다.

그가 제시간에 올지는 불확실하다.
— "It is uncertain whether he will come on time." (General uncertainty)

If you want to say that something is a 'key factor' or 'the hinge' on which everything depends, you might use 관건이다. While 미지수이다 says the factor is unknown, 관건이다 says the factor is the most important one. Often these two are used together: 'The weather is the 관건, but whether it will be good is a 미지수.'

경기가 열릴 수 있을지 여부가 불투명하다.
— "Whether the game can be held is unclear (opaque)."

In very formal or academic writing, you might see 미정이다 (to be undecided). This is used for things that have a specific decision-maker who hasn't spoken yet. For example, 'The date of the meeting is 미정이다.' In contrast, '미지수이다' is used when the outcome depends on circumstances that no one person can fully control. Understanding these subtle differences will elevate your Korean from basic to advanced levels.

알 수 없다 (Cannot know): The most common spoken alternative. It is versatile but lacks the 'variable' nuance of 미지수이다.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

While 'mijisu' is a math term, it's so common in daily life that even people who dislike math use it constantly to describe their weekend plans or blind dates.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK mi.dʑi.su.i.da

US mi.dʑi.su.i.da

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis may fall on the first syllable of the noun '미'.

هم‌قافیه با

지수이다 (jisuda - to be the index) 기수이다 (gisuda - to be a jockey/flag bearer) 시수이다 (sisuda - to be the number of hours) 비수이다 (bisuda - to be a dagger) 의수이다 (uisuda - to be an artificial hand) 급수이다 (geupsuda - to be a grade/level) 복수이다 (boksuda - to be revenge/plural) 소수이다 (sosuda - to be a minority/prime number)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '지' as 'zi'. It should be 'ji'.
Pronouncing '수' as 'soo' with too much lip rounding.
Treating '이다' as a separate word with a long pause.
Adding a 'w' sound after 'su' making it 'su-wi-da'.
Misplacing the pitch accent if the speaker's dialect has one.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the Hanja origin or the math term.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires correct usage of the -ㄹ지 particle structure.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but finding the right context takes practice.

گوش دادن 3/5

Common in news and dramas, usually easy to catch at the end of a sentence.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

이다 (to be) 알다 (to know) 모르다 (to not know) 수 (number) 아직 (yet)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

불확실하다 (uncertain) 불투명하다 (opaque) 관건이다 (to be the key) 변수 (variable) 확률 (probability)

پیشرفته

상용화 (commercialization) 타결되다 (to be concluded) 기여하다 (to contribute) 뉘우치다 (to repent) 파장 (ripple effect)

گرامر لازم

-ㄴ지/는지 알다/모르다

그가 오는지 몰라요.

Noun + 이다 (Copula)

학생이다 / 미지수이다.

-ㄹ지 (Prospective/Uncertainty ending)

내일 비가 올지 걱정이에요.

여부 (Whether or not)

참석 여부를 알려주세요.

아직/여전히 (Adverbs of state)

아직 숙제를 안 했어요.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

그것은 미지수예요.

That is an unknown.

Simple Noun + Copula (Polite style).

누가 올지 미지수예요.

Who will come is an unknown.

Interrogative clause (-ㄹ지) + predicate.

결과는 미지수입니다.

The result is an unknown.

Formal polite ending (-입니다).

날씨는 미지수예요.

The weather is an unknown.

Subject marker (-는) for emphasis.

그의 마음은 미지수예요.

His heart (mind) is an unknown.

Metaphorical use of 'heart' as a variable.

성공할지는 미지수예요.

Whether it will succeed is an unknown.

Future prospective marker -ㄹ지.

내일 일은 미지수예요.

Tomorrow's business is an unknown.

Common expression for future uncertainty.

답은 미지수입니다.

The answer is an unknown.

Noun + Copula.

우리가 이길지는 아직 미지수이다.

Whether we will win is still an unknown.

Use of adverb '아직' (still/yet).

파티에 몇 명이 올지 미지수예요.

How many people will come to the party is an unknown.

Quantifier '몇 명' with uncertainty.

그가 선물을 좋아할지는 미지수이다.

Whether he will like the gift is an unknown.

Direct object clause with uncertainty.

시험 점수가 잘 나올지 미지수예요.

Whether the test score will be good is an unknown.

Adverb '잘' (well) in the clause.

여행을 갈 수 있을지 미지수이다.

Whether I can go on a trip is an unknown.

Ability marker -을 수 있을지.

그 영화가 재미있을지는 미지수예요.

Whether that movie will be fun is an unknown.

Adjective + prospective ending.

도착 시간이 언제일지 미지수이다.

When the arrival time will be is an unknown.

Noun clause with '언제' (when).

그녀가 올지 안 올지 미지수예요.

Whether she will come or not is an unknown.

Alternative choice pattern 'A-ㄹ지 안 A-ㄹ지'.

회사가 이익을 낼 수 있을지는 여전히 미지수이다.

Whether the company can make a profit is still an unknown.

Business context with '여전히' (still).

새로운 제품이 시장에서 성공할지는 미지수입니다.

Whether the new product will succeed in the market is an unknown.

Market success as a variable.

그의 부상이 경기 결과에 어떤 영향을 줄지 미지수이다.

What kind of influence his injury will have on the game result is unknown.

Complex influence clause.

정부가 어떤 결정을 내릴지는 아직 미지수이다.

What decision the government will make is still an unknown.

Political decision-making context.

이 계획이 실현 가능할지는 미지수예요.

Whether this plan is feasible is an unknown.

Feasibility '실현 가능할지'.

범인이 누구인지는 여전히 미지수이다.

Who the culprit is remains an unknown.

Crime/Mystery context.

그의 말이 사실인지는 아직 미지수입니다.

Whether his words are true is still an unknown.

Truth/Veracity context.

내년 경제 전망이 어떨지는 미지수이다.

What next year's economic outlook will be is an unknown.

Economic forecasting context.

이 기술이 상용화될 시기는 여전히 미지수이다.

The timing for when this technology will be commercialized is still an unknown.

Passive form '상용화될' (to be commercialized).

후보자들의 지지율 격차가 작아서 승패는 미지수이다.

Because the gap in approval ratings is small, the win or loss is an unknown.

Reason clause (-아서) with outcome.

기후 변화가 농작물에 미칠 영향은 미지수이다.

The impact that climate change will have on crops is an unknown.

Environmental scientific context.

두 나라의 협상이 타결될지는 여전히 미지수이다.

Whether the negotiations between the two countries will be concluded is still an unknown.

Diplomatic '타결될지' (be concluded).

그의 갑작스러운 사퇴가 당에 어떤 파장을 불러올지 미지수이다.

What kind of ripple effect his sudden resignation will bring to the party is unknown.

Metaphorical '파장' (ripple/impact).

우주에 생명체가 존재할지는 과학계의 큰 미지수이다.

Whether life exists in space is a big unknown in the scientific community.

Scientific hypothesis context.

이번 조치가 물가 안정에 기여할지는 미지수이다.

Whether this measure will contribute to price stability is an unknown.

Economic '기여할지' (contribute).

그가 과거의 잘못을 뉘우치고 있을지는 미지수이다.

Whether he is repenting for his past mistakes is an unknown.

Psychological/Ethical context.

인공지능의 발전이 인류에게 축복이 될지 재앙이 될지는 미지수이다.

Whether the development of AI will be a blessing or a disaster for humanity is an unknown.

Philosophical dilemma structure.

역사적 진실이 언제쯤 밝혀질지는 영원한 미지수일지도 모른다.

When historical truth will be revealed might be an eternal unknown.

Speculative '미지수일지도 모른다'.

새로운 예술 사조가 대중에게 받아들여질지는 미지수이다.

Whether a new artistic trend will be accepted by the public is an unknown.

Cultural/Artistic acceptance.

양자 역학의 세계에서 입자의 위치는 항상 미지수이다.

In the world of quantum mechanics, the position of a particle is always an unknown.

Scientific fact as a 'mijisu'.

그의 침묵이 긍정의 의미인지 부정의 의미인지는 미지수이다.

Whether his silence means affirmation or negation is an unknown.

Interpreting non-verbal communication.

전쟁의 상흔이 언제쯤 치유될지는 여전히 미지수이다.

When the scars of war will be healed is still an unknown.

Social/Historical trauma context.

인간의 뇌 구조가 완전히 분석될지는 아직 미지수이다.

Whether the structure of the human brain will be completely analyzed is still an unknown.

Biological/Neurological context.

자본주의의 모순이 어떻게 해결될지는 거대한 미지수로 남아 있다.

How the contradictions of capitalism will be resolved remains a giant unknown.

Sociopolitical '거대한 미지수로 남아 있다'.

우주의 팽창이 멈출지 아니면 영원히 계속될지는 물리학의 궁극적 미지수이다.

Whether the expansion of the universe will stop or continue forever is the ultimate unknown of physics.

Cosmological '궁극적 미지수'.

언어의 기원이 단일한지 다원적인지는 영구히 미지수로 남을 가능성이 크다.

Whether the origin of language is monogenetic or polygenetic is highly likely to remain an unknown forever.

Linguistic '영구히 미지수로 남을'.

인간의 자유 의지가 실재하는지 아니면 뇌의 화학 작용일 뿐인지는 미지수이다.

Whether human free will truly exists or is merely a chemical reaction of the brain is an unknown.

Metaphysical debate structure.

포스트 휴먼 시대의 도래가 인간의 정의를 어떻게 바꿀지는 미지수이다.

How the arrival of the post-human era will change the definition of human is an unknown.

Futuristic/Philosophical context.

고대 문명의 멸망 원인을 규명하는 것은 여전히 고고학계의 미지수이다.

Identifying the cause of the downfall of ancient civilizations is still an unknown in archaeology.

Archaeological '규명하는 것'.

의식의 본질이 물질적인 것인지 비물질적인 것인지는 미지수이다.

Whether the essence of consciousness is material or non-material is an unknown.

Philosophy of mind.

다국적 기업의 영향력이 국가의 주권을 어디까지 침해할지는 미지수이다.

To what extent the influence of multinational corporations will infringe upon national sovereignty is an unknown.

Political science context.

죽음 이후의 세계가 존재하는지는 인류 역사상 가장 오래된 미지수이다.

Whether a world after death exists is the oldest unknown in human history.

Existential '가장 오래된 미지수'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

여전히 미지수이다

아직 미지수이다

큰 미지수이다

성공 여부가 미지수이다

결과는 미지수이다

미지수로 남다

미지수인 상황

실현 가능성이 미지수이다

최대의 미지수

미지수로 떠오르다

عبارات رایج

앞날은 미지수이다

— One's future is an unknown. Used when talking about the unpredictability of life.

인생의 앞날은 누구에게나 미지수이다.

흥행 여부는 미지수이다

— Whether something will be a commercial hit is unknown. Used for movies or shows.

스타 배우가 출연하지만 흥행 여부는 미지수이다.

참여 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether someone will participate is unknown. Used for events or projects.

그의 회의 참여 여부가 미지수이다.

통과 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether something (like a law or test) will pass is unknown.

법안의 국회 통과 여부가 미지수이다.

회복 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether someone will recover is unknown. Used in medical contexts.

환자의 의식 회복 여부가 미지수이다.

수용 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether a proposal or person will be accepted is unknown.

제안의 수용 여부가 미지수이다.

존속 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether something will continue to exist is unknown.

그 부서의 존속 여부가 미지수이다.

당선 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether someone will be elected is unknown.

그 후보의 당선 여부가 미지수이다.

합의 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether an agreement will be reached is unknown.

양측의 합의 여부가 미지수이다.

출시 여부가 미지수이다

— Whether a product will be released is unknown.

신제품의 올해 출시 여부가 미지수이다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

미지수이다 vs 불확실하다

General uncertainty vs. mathematical/variable uncertainty.

미지수이다 vs 의문이다

Neutral uncertainty vs. skeptical doubt.

미지수이다 vs 미정이다

Undetermined status vs. undecided by a person.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"인생은 미지수"

— Life is an unknown variable. It means life is full of surprises and unpredictable events.

인생은 미지수라더니 정말 생각지도 못한 일이 생겼네요.

Neutral

"미지수의 세계"

— The world of the unknown. Used to describe unexplored fields or the future.

우리는 미지수의 세계로 나아가고 있다.

Literary

"미지수로 가득 차다"

— To be full of unknowns. Used when a situation has no clear aspects.

그의 과거는 미지수로 가득 차 있다.

Neutral

"미지수를 풀다"

— To solve an unknown. Metaphorically means to find an answer to a complex problem.

우리는 결국 성공이라는 미지수를 풀었다.

Metaphorical

"가장 큰 미지수"

— The biggest unknown. Refers to the most critical uncertain factor.

투수 교체 타이밍이 오늘 경기의 가장 큰 미지수다.

Neutral

"영원한 미지수"

— An eternal unknown. Something that will likely never be understood.

우주의 기원은 영원한 미지수이다.

Academic

"미지수의 인물"

— A person who is an unknown quantity. Someone whose character is hard to read.

그는 우리 팀에서 미지수의 인물이다.

Neutral

"미지수의 영역"

— The realm of the unknown. Used for scientific or spiritual topics.

사후 세계는 인간에게 미지수의 영역이다.

Formal

"미지수로 남겨두다"

— To leave something as an unknown. To intentionally not decide or reveal something.

결말은 독자의 미지수로 남겨두었다.

Literary

"미지수의 변수"

— An unknown variable. Emphasizes the factor that changes everything.

환율은 이번 사업의 미지수의 변수이다.

Business

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

미지수이다 vs 미정

Both mean something is not settled.

'미정' is used when a decision is pending (e.g., meeting time). '미지수' is used when the outcome is unpredictable due to outside factors.

회의 시간은 미정이다. (The time is not set.) vs. 회의 결과는 미지수이다. (The outcome is unknown.)

미지수이다 vs 불투명

Both describe a lack of clarity.

'불투명' often has a negative nuance, suggesting the future doesn't look good. '미지수' is more neutral.

사업 전망이 불투명하다. (The outlook is bleak/unclear.) vs. 사업 성공은 미지수이다. (It's a variable.)

미지수이다 vs 의문

Both imply a question.

'의문' suggests you are questioning the validity or possibility. '미지수' just says the answer isn't known yet.

그의 실력은 의문이다. (I doubt his skill.) vs. 그의 실력 발휘는 미지수이다. (We'll see how he performs.)

미지수이다 vs 모호

Both relate to not being clear.

'모호' means vague or hard to define. '미지수' means the result hasn't happened or been found.

대답이 모호하다. (The answer is vague.) vs. 대답이 무엇일지는 미지수이다. (I don't know what the answer will be.)

미지수이다 vs 가변

Both involve things that change.

'가변' is a technical term for 'variable' (changeable). '미지수' is the 'unknown' itself.

상황이 가변적이다. (The situation is fluid.) vs. 결과는 미지수이다. (The result is unknown.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun]은/는 미지수이다

결과는 미지수이다.

[Verb]-ㄹ지 미지수이다

갈 수 있을지 미지수이다.

[Noun] 여부가 미지수이다

참석 여부가 미지수이다.

아직/여전히 [Clause]-ㄹ지 미지수이다

아직 성공할지 미지수이다.

[Clause]-ㄹ지는 미지수이지만...

이길지는 미지수이지만 최선을 다하겠다.

[Noun]계의 큰 미지수이다

과학계의 큰 미지수이다.

미지수로 남아 있다

그 문제는 여전히 미지수로 남아 있다.

궁극적인 미지수이다

그것은 인류의 궁극적인 미지수이다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

미지수 (Unknown quantity)

미지 (The unknown)

지수 (Index/Exponent)

수 (Number)

فعل‌ها

미지수로 남다 (To remain an unknown)

صفت‌ها

미지수의 (Unknown - as a modifier)

مرتبط

변수 (Variable)

확률 (Probability)

예측 (Prediction)

불확실성 (Uncertainty)

의문 (Question/Doubt)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in news, medium-high in business, medium in casual conversation.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '미지수한다' → 미지수이다
'미지수' is a noun. You cannot use '하다' with it. You must use '이다' to say something 'is' an unknown.
Using it for simple personal ignorance. → 모르다 / 잘 모르겠다
If you don't know your own phone number, it's not a 'mijisu'. It's just something you don't know. Use 'mijisu' for complex variables.
Forgetting the -ㄴ지 particle. → 갈지 미지수이다
You need the 'whether' particle (-ㄴ지/ㄹ지) to link the action to the uncertainty.
Confusing '미지수' with '미정'. → 미지수이다 (for outcomes) / 미정이다 (for decisions)
Use '미정' when a person hasn't decided yet. Use '미지수' when the outcome is out of everyone's control.
Pronouncing '지' as 'zi'. → ji
Korean '지' is closer to 'jee'. Using a 'z' sound makes it hard for natives to understand.

نکات

Master the -ㄹ지 ending

The most natural way to use this word is after a clause ending in '-ㄹ지'. This connects the 'what' to the 'unknown'. Practice saying '할지 미지수이다' (unknown whether I'll do it).

Use with '여부'

The word '여부' (whether or not) is the best friend of '미지수이다'. Using '성공 여부' (success or not) makes you sound very fluent and precise.

Sound more professional

In business meetings, replace '잘 모르겠어요' with '아직 미지수입니다'. It shows you are analyzing the situation rather than just being uninformed.

Don't use for simple facts

If someone asks 'Where is the bathroom?' don't say 'It's a mijisu.' That's weird. Use it for complex things like 'Who will win the game?'

Sports and Weather

These are the two easiest places to start using the word. 'Whether the player plays is a mijisu' or 'Whether it rains is a mijisu'.

Neutral tone

Remember that '미지수이다' is neutral. It doesn't mean something is bad; it just means it's not decided. Use it to stay objective.

Perfect for conclusions

If you are writing an essay and there is no clear answer, '미지수이다' is a perfect way to end a paragraph about a complex problem.

News keywords

If you hear '미지수' on the news, pay attention to the nouns before it. Those are the 'variables' the reporter is worried about.

The 'X' variable

Always visualize the letter 'X' from math. It helps you remember that '미지수' is something you need to solve or wait for.

Modesty

Koreans use this to avoid sounding too confident about the future. It’s a culturally safe way to express uncertainty.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the 'M' in Mi-ji-su as 'Mystery'. A Mystery-Ji-Su is a mystery number you haven't solved yet.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a giant wooden 'X' sitting on a stage under a spotlight. Everyone is looking at the 'X' wondering what's behind it. That 'X' is a 미지수.

شبکه واژگان

Math Variable Unknown Mystery Uncertainty Future Factor X

چالش

Try to use '미지수이다' once today when someone asks you about your future plans or the outcome of a sports game.

ریشه کلمه

Comes from the Hanja word '未知數'. '未' (mi) means 'not yet', '知' (ji) means 'to know', and '數' (su) means 'number'. It entered the Korean language through academic contact with Chinese mathematical texts.

معنای اصلی: A quantity in a mathematical equation whose value is not yet known, typically represented by x.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived).

بافت فرهنگی

There are no major sensitivities, but avoid using it for tragic events where 'unpredictable' might sound too cold or analytical.

In English, we might say 'It's a toss-up' or 'It's a wild card' or 'It's an unknown quantity.' '미지수이다' is slightly more formal than 'toss-up'.

Often used in Korean political talk shows like 'Ssulzun' to discuss election variables. Commonly found in titles of Korean mystery novels or TV episodes. Used in sports news headlines during the Olympics or World Cup.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Sports Commentary

부상 선수의 복귀가 미지수이다
승패는 여전히 미지수이다
작전의 성공 여부가 미지수이다
날씨가 가장 큰 미지수이다

Business Meetings

수익성이 미지수이다
시장 반응이 미지수이다
투자 유치 여부가 미지수이다
출시일은 아직 미지수이다

Politics/News

당선 가능성은 미지수이다
법안 통과 여부가 미지수이다
회담 개최 여부가 미지수이다
지지율 변화가 미지수이다

Daily Conversation

내일 갈 수 있을지 미지수야
그가 좋아할지는 미지수지
맛있을지는 미지수인데 한번 먹어봐
끝낼 수 있을지 미지수예요

Academic/Science

가설의 증명 여부가 미지수이다
실험 결과는 미지수이다
생명체 존재 여부는 미지수이다
이론의 적용 범위가 미지수이다

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"이번 주말에 비가 올까요? 예보를 봐도 미지수네요."

"새로 나온 영화가 재미있을까요? 흥행 여부는 미지수이지만 보고 싶어요."

"그 팀이 이번에 우승할 수 있을까요? 부상 선수가 많아서 미지수예요."

"시험 결과가 어떻게 나올 것 같아요? 저는 아직 미지수라고 생각해요."

"미래에 로봇이 우리 일을 다 하게 될까요? 그것도 참 미지수죠."

موضوعات نگارش

내 인생에서 지금 가장 큰 미지수는 무엇인가요? (What is currently the biggest unknown in my life?)

성공할지 미지수였지만 도전해서 이뤄낸 경험이 있나요? (Do you have an experience where success was an unknown but you challenged yourself and achieved it?)

미래의 기술 중 가장 큰 미지수로 남을 것은 무엇일까요? (Which future technology will remain the biggest unknown?)

만약 모든 미지수를 미리 알 수 있다면 인생이 더 행복할까요? (Would life be happier if we could know all the unknowns in advance?)

오늘 하루 중 결과가 미지수였던 순간은 언제였나요? (When was a moment today when the result was an unknown?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, but it describes their actions or future, not their physical being. For example, 'His reaction is a mijisu' is fine. It makes the person sound unpredictable.

Yes, if you're talking about plans. '내일 갈 수 있을지 미지수야' is a common way to say 'I'm not sure if I can go yet.'

No, it's neutral. A 'mijisu' can turn out to be a great success or a failure. It just means we don't know yet.

'모르다' is a verb ('to not know'). '미지수이다' is a noun + copula ('to be an unknown'). '미지수이다' sounds more analytical and suggests the answer is inherently hard to find.

No. '미지수' is a noun. You must use it with '이다' (to be) or '남다' (to remain). You cannot 'do' a mijisu.

Yes, very often! Especially by adults and in professional settings. It's a very useful word for managing expectations.

Use the past tense of the copula: '미지수였다' (informal) or '미지수였습니다' (formal).

Usually, it refers to current or future unknowns. If you use it for the past, it means it was an unknown *at that time* (e.g., '그때는 미지수였다').

There isn't a direct slang word, but people might use '글쎄' or '몰루' (internet slang) for simple ignorance. '미지수' remains the standard 'cool' way to say it.

Yes, as it is a Sino-Korean mathematical term, it is used in both North and South Korea with the same meaning.

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