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A2 phrase 9 دقیقه مطالعه

~에 대하여

e daehayeo

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها ~에 대하여 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح ~에 대하여 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to connect nouns and verbs. While '~에 대하여' might seem a bit long, you will mostly see its shorter version '~에 대해'. Think of it as the word 'about'. When you want to say you are talking 'about' your family or 'about' a hobby, you use this phrase. For example, '가족에 대해 이야기해요' (I talk about my family). At this stage, just focus on the pattern: Noun + 에 대해 + Verb. Don't worry too much about the formal '~에 대하여' version yet. You will see it in your textbooks, but in your own speaking, '에 대해' is much easier. It helps you expand your sentences. Instead of just saying 'I study Korean' (한국어를 공부해요), you can say 'I study about Korea' (한국에 대해 공부해요). This makes your Korean sound more descriptive even with a limited vocabulary. Try to use it with simple verbs like '말해요' (speak), '생각해요' (think), and '들어요' (hear/listen).

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At the A2 level, you should begin to distinguish between the spoken form '~에 대해' and the written/formal form '~에 대하여'. You will encounter this phrase in reading passages about culture, travel, or daily life. One crucial addition at this level is learning the adjectival form '~에 대한'. This allows you to modify nouns. For example, instead of just saying 'I read a book about history,' you can say '역사에 대한 책을 읽었어요'. Notice how '대한' (with the 'ㄴ' ending) acts like an adjective to describe the '책' (book). You should also practice using this phrase with more diverse verbs such as '질문하다' (to ask a question), '설명하다' (to explain), and '조사하다' (to investigate). This phrase is essential for the TOPIK I exam, especially in the reading section where topics are introduced. You'll start to see it used to set the theme of a paragraph. Practice making sentences about your interests, like '저는 요리에 대해 관심이 많아요' (I have a lot of interest in/about cooking).

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '~에 대하여' in both speech and writing. You will start to notice the nuance difference between '~에 대하여' and '~에 관하여'. While '~에 대하여' is general, you might see '~에 관하여' in more formal news reports or intermediate-level reading materials. At this stage, you should also be able to use the particle '서' at the end (~에 대해서) to sound more natural in conversation. You will use this phrase to express opinions on social issues or to summarize the plot of a movie or book in detail. For example, '이 영화는 전쟁에 대하여 다루고 있습니다' (This movie deals with war). You should also be aware of the '는' emphasis, as in '~에 대해서는', which helps you contrast different topics in a discussion. For instance, '그 문제에 대해서는 잘 모르겠지만, 이 문제에 대해서는 압니다' (As for that problem, I don't know well, but as for this problem, I do). This level requires you to use the phrase to structure longer, more logical arguments.

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At the B2 level, '~에 대하여' becomes a tool for professional and academic communication. you will use it in presentations to clearly define your subject matter: '오늘 발표할 주제는 환경 보호에 대하여입니다' (The topic I will present today is about environmental protection). You should be able to handle complex noun phrases before the '에 대하여', such as nominalized clauses. For example, '외국어를 배우는 목적에 대하여 토론합시다' (Let's discuss the purpose of learning a foreign language). You will also encounter it in more sophisticated grammatical structures, such as '~에 대하여 회의적이다' (to be skeptical about...) or '~에 대하여 책임을 지다' (to take responsibility for...). At this level, you should also understand the historical and etymological roots of the phrase (from the verb 대하다) to better grasp its nuances in literature. Your writing should show a clear distinction between using '~에 대하여' for general topics and '~에 관하여' for more specific, research-oriented subjects. You are expected to use these correctly in TOPIK II writing tasks.

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At the C1 level, you are exploring the subtle nuances and stylistic choices involving '~에 대하여'. You will see this phrase used in philosophical texts, legal documents, and high-level literary criticism. You should be able to use it to frame complex abstract arguments. For instance, '인간의 본성에 대하여 고찰하다' (To contemplate the nature of humanity). You will also learn to recognize and use related but more specific expressions like '~와/과 관련하여' (in connection with) or '~을/를 토대로' (based on) to provide more precision than a general 'about'. At this stage, you should also be sensitive to the rhythm of the sentence; sometimes '에 대하여' is too wordy, and a skilled writer might use a different construction to maintain flow. You will also encounter the phrase in classical or archaic contexts in literature, where it might take slightly different forms. Your ability to switch between '~에 대해', '~에 대하여', and '~에 관하여' based on the intended audience and medium should be near-native.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '~에 대하여' is complete, and you use it with the same intuition as a native speaker. You understand its role in discourse markers and how it can be used to pivot a conversation or a written argument. You can analyze the subtle rhetorical effects of choosing '~에 대하여' over other topical markers in political speeches or persuasive essays. You are capable of using it in highly specialized fields, such as '양자 역학에 대하여' in a scientific context or '민법에 대하여' in a legal one, with perfect grammatical accuracy. You also understand how the phrase interacts with honorifics and different speech levels in complex social hierarchies. At this level, you might even explore the poetic use of the phrase in contemporary Korean poetry or high-brow literature where the 'facing' (대하다) aspect of the phrase is emphasized to create a sense of direct engagement with a topic. You can participate in deep academic debates about the Korean language itself using this phrase to define your linguistic inquiries.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

~에 대하여 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Used to mean 'about' or 'regarding' a specific noun topic.
Follows a noun and is usually followed by a verb of communication or thought.
Has a formal version (~에 대하여) and a casual spoken version (~에 대해).
Changes to '~에 대한' when it is used to modify a noun that follows it.

The Korean phrase ~에 대하여 (e daehayeo) is a fundamental grammatical construction used to indicate the subject or topic of a discussion, thought, or action. In English, it most closely translates to 'about,' 'concerning,' 'regarding,' or 'on the subject of.' It is composed of the particle 에 (at/to) and the verb 대하다 (to face/treat/deal with), specifically in its connective form 대하여. This phrase is versatile and appears in various contexts ranging from casual conversations to highly formal academic papers. Understanding this phrase is essential for moving beyond simple sentences and starting to describe complex thoughts and specific topics of interest. Whether you are talking about a movie you saw, a book you read, or a problem you are investigating, this phrase provides the necessary bridge between the noun (the topic) and the verb (the action related to that topic).

Grammatical Role: It functions as a postpositional phrase that follows a noun to specify the object of concern or interest.
Formality: The form '~에 대하여' is the full, formal version often seen in writing. In spoken Korean, it is very frequently shortened to '~에 대해'.
Nuance: It implies a certain level of focus or investigation into a specific subject matter, rather than just a casual mention.

한국 문화에 대하여 공부하고 있습니다. (I am studying about Korean culture.)

그 문제에 대하여 질문이 있습니다. (I have a question regarding that problem.)

우리는 미래에 대하여 이야기했습니다. (We talked about the future.)

사랑에 대하여 노래합니다. (Singing about love.)

이 사건에 대하여 조사하고 있습니다. (Investigating about this incident.)

In more detail, the use of ~에 대하여 suggests that the following verb is directed toward the noun preceding the phrase. It is much more specific than just using the object marker (을/를). For instance, saying '영어를 공부해요' means 'I study English' (English is the object of study), but '영어에 대하여 공부해요' implies 'I am studying *about* the English language' (perhaps its history, structure, or socio-linguistics). This distinction is subtle but important in academic and professional settings where precision is required. Furthermore, the phrase is often paired with verbs of communication (말하다, 이야기하다, 토론하다), cognition (생각하다, 고민하다, 알다), or research (조사하다, 연구하다, 분석하다). It sets the stage for what the mental or verbal activity is centered upon. As a learner, mastering this phrase allows you to expand your descriptive capabilities significantly, moving from simple subject-verb-object structures to more sophisticated thematic expressions.

Using ~에 대하여 correctly requires understanding its position in the sentence and how it interacts with different parts of speech. The basic structure is [Noun] + 에 대하여 + [Verb/Adjective]. This construction acts as an adverbial phrase, providing more information about the action being performed. It's important to note that the noun before '에 대하여' does not take any other particles like '을/를' or '이/가'. The '에' is already the particle that connects the noun to the verb '대하다'.

Basic Verb Connection: When followed by a verb, it describes what the verb is about. Example: '날씨에 대하여 이야기해요' (Talk about the weather).
Noun Modification (에 대한): When you want to say 'A book about Korea,' you must use the 'ㄴ' adjective-forming ending: '한국에 대한 책'. '에 대하여' cannot directly modify a noun.
Shortened Form (에 대해): In conversation, '여' is dropped. '그 영화에 대해 어떻게 생각해요?' (What do you think about that movie?).

우리는 새로운 계획에 대하여 회의를 했습니다. (We had a meeting about the new plan.)

그의 업적에 대하여 찬사가 이어졌습니다. (Praises continued regarding his achievements.)

환경 문제에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있습니다. (Interest in/about environmental issues is increasing.)

When constructing sentences, think of '~에 대하여' as a way to define the scope of your statement. If you are writing an essay, your introductory sentence might use this phrase to state your topic: '본 논문은 인공지능에 대하여 다룹니다' (This paper deals with Artificial Intelligence). If you are asking for information, you might say '이 서비스에 대하여 설명해 주시겠어요?' (Could you explain about this service?). The flexibility of this phrase allows it to be used with almost any noun, from concrete objects like '사과' (apple) to abstract concepts like '행복' (happiness) or '철학' (philosophy). One advanced usage involves the particle '는/은' added after '대하여' for emphasis or contrast: '~에 대하여는' (As for..., regarding...). This is common in legal or highly structured debates to clearly delineate which topic is being addressed versus others. For learners at the A2 level, focusing on the basic '[Noun] + 에 대해 + Verb' pattern is the most effective way to start incorporating this into daily speech.

You will encounter ~에 대하여 and its variations in almost every facet of Korean life. It is a workhorse of the language. In formal settings, such as news broadcasts, you will hear news anchors say '오늘의 주요 뉴스에 대하여 말씀드리겠습니다' (I will tell you about today's main news). In academic environments, professors use it constantly to define the subject of their lectures: '오늘은 조선 시대의 역사에 대하여 배우겠습니다' (Today we will learn about the history of the Joseon Dynasty). Even in pop culture, song titles and lyrics frequently use this phrase to express the theme of the song, often regarding love, loss, or life.

News & Media: Used to introduce reporting topics or interview subjects. '경제 위기에 대하여 전문가와 대담하겠습니다.'
Business Meetings: Essential for discussing projects, reports, or feedback. '지난 분기 실적에 대해 보고하겠습니다.'
Everyday Conversations: Usually shortened to '에 대해'. '어제 본 드라마에 대해 이야기해 보자.'

정부는 새로운 정책에 대하여 발표했습니다. (The government announced regarding the new policy.)

그 작가는 자신의 삶에 대하여 소설을 썼습니다. (That author wrote a novel about their own life.)

In the digital age, you'll see this phrase all over the internet. On YouTube, titles like '이 제품에 대하여 솔직하게 리뷰합니다' (Honest review about this product) are very common. On blogs and news portals, headings often use the '에 대한' form, such as '최신 트렌드에 대한 분석' (Analysis on the latest trends). If you are watching a K-drama, a character might confront another by saying '너에 대해 다 알아' (I know everything about you), which shows how the phrase can also carry emotional weight or imply an investigation into someone's background. It is also a key phrase in legal and medical contexts where precise referencing of a subject is required. For instance, a doctor might explain '수술에 대하여 설명해 드릴게요' (I will explain about the surgery). By paying attention to this phrase in various media, you'll notice how it bridges the gap between a general topic and a specific discussion, making your Korean sound more organized and articulate.

While ~에 대하여 is straightforward, learners often make a few key mistakes that can make their Korean sound unnatural or grammatically incorrect. The most frequent error is confusing the adverbial form (~에 대하여) with the adjectival form (~에 대한). Remember: if a noun follows immediately, you *must* use ~에 대한. For example, '여행에 대하여 책' is incorrect; it should be '여행에 대한 책' (A book about travel).

Mistake 1: Omitting '에': Saying '친구 대하여 이야기해요' instead of '친구에 대하여 이야기해요'. The '에' is mandatory as it connects the noun to the verb '대하다'.
Mistake 2: Overusing it for simple objects: Sometimes a simple object marker (~을/를) is better. '사과에 대하여 먹어요' (I eat about an apple) is nonsensical. Use '사과를 먹어요'.
Mistake 3: Confusing with ~에 관하여: While similar, '~에 관하여' is even more formal and usually restricted to academic or official research contexts.

한국어에 대하여 책을 샀어요. (Incorrect usage before a noun)
한국어에 대한 책을 샀어요. (Correct: 'A book about Korean')

Another common pitfall is using ~에 대하여 when the relationship is more direct. For instance, '선생님에 대하여 물어봤어요' means 'I asked *about* the teacher' (e.g., asking someone else about the teacher's background), whereas '선생님께 물어봤어요' means 'I asked the teacher' (direct interaction). Beginners often default to 'about' because of English habits, but Korean often prefers specific direction particles (에게, 께, 한테). Also, be careful with the spelling; '대하여' is sometimes misspelled as '대하려' or '대해여' by beginners. Always remember the root verb is '대하다' (to face/treat). Finally, avoid using this phrase with verbs that don't imply a topic. You wouldn't say '서울에 대하여 가요' (I go about Seoul); you would say '서울에 가요' (I go to Seoul) or '서울을 여행해요' (I travel Seoul). Mastering these nuances will prevent you from sounding like a direct translator and more like a natural Korean speaker.

Korean has several ways to express 'about' or 'regarding,' and choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific nuance you want to convey. The most direct alternative to ~에 대하여 is ~에 관하여 (e gwanhayeo). While both are used in formal writing, '~에 관하여' is slightly more academic or official, often used in legal documents or scientific research. For everyday speech, the shortened ~에 대해(서) is the standard choice. Another common alternative is using the particle ~을/를 가지고 (eul/reul gajigo), which literally means 'taking/with [noun]' but is often used to mean 'about' in a more colloquial, sometimes argumentative context.

~에 관하여 (Concerning): More formal/academic. Used for official subjects. '환경 오염에 관하여 연구하다.'
~에 대해서 (About): The most common spoken form. The '서' adds a slight emphasis on the process but is often omitted.
~을/를 두고 (Over/Regarding): Used when there is a conflict or debate 'over' a topic. '그 문제를 두고 다투다' (To fight over that problem).

그 일에 관하여 보고서를 제출하십시오. (Please submit a report concerning that matter.)

너에 대해서 궁금한 게 많아. (I have a lot of things I'm curious about you.)

There is also the construction ~라는 것에 대하여 which is used when the topic is a whole phrase or a concept defined by someone else. For example, '행복이라는 것에 대하여' (Regarding the thing called happiness). This adds a layer of philosophical distance. In very casual slang, people might just use the topic marker '은/는' to imply 'about,' as in '그 영화는 어땠어?' (As for that movie, how was it? / What did you think about that movie?). However, for clear topicality, '~에 대해' remains the most reliable tool. Another advanced alternative is ~와/과 관련하여 (in relation to), which is used when discussing how two things are connected. For instance, '신제품 출시와 관련하여 안내 말씀 드립니다' (I am giving an announcement in relation to the new product launch). Understanding these alternatives allows you to fine-tune your tone—from the rigorous precision of a researcher to the casual warmth of a friend.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The root '대' (對) is the same one used in '대화' (conversation - facing and talking) and '대통령' (president - the one who faces/leads the people).

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /e̞ dɛ̝.ɦa̠.jʌ̹/

US /e̞ dɛ̝.ɦa̠.jʌ̹/

There is no strong word stress in Korean, but a slight rise in pitch on '대' is common.

هم‌قافیه با

위하여 (wihayeo - for/to) 피하여 (pihayeo - avoiding) 더하여 (deohayeo - adding) 원하여 (wonhayeo - wanting) 권하여 (gwonhayeo - recommending) 변하여 (byeonhayeo - changing) 준하여 (junhayeo - corresponding to) 정하여 (jeonghayeo - deciding)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '대하여' as four separate English-style syllables instead of a continuous flow.
Muffling the 'h' (ㅎ) sound in '하'.
Confusing the 'eo' (ㅓ) sound with 'o' (ㅗ).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts once the '대하다' root is known.

نوشتن 3/5

Requires care to choose between '에 대하여' and '에 대한'.

صحبت کردن 2/5

The shortened '에 대해' is very natural and easy to use.

گوش دادن 2/5

Commonly heard in media and daily speech.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

에 (particle) 말하다 (to speak) 생각하다 (to think) 것 (thing) Noun (basic nouns)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

~에 관하여 (formal 'about') ~에 의하면 (according to) ~에 의해서 (by/due to) ~에 비하여 (compared to) ~에 따라 (according to/depending on)

پیشرفته

~을/를 토대로 (based on) ~을/를 막론하고 (regardless of) ~을/를 계기로 (with ... as an opportunity) ~에 발맞추어 (in step with) ~에 부응하여 (in response to)

گرامر لازم

Noun + 에 대한 + Noun

사랑에 대한 노래 (A song about love)

Noun + 에 대해(서) + Verb

미래에 대해 걱정해요 (Worry about the future)

Noun + 에 대하여는 (Emphasis)

그 일에 대하여는 할 말이 없습니다 (As for that matter, I have nothing to say)

Noun + 에 대하여 + (Hanja-based Verb)

주제에 대하여 고찰하다 (Contemplate about the topic)

Noun + 에 대하여 + (Question Word)

무엇에 대하여 물어볼까요? (What shall I ask about?)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

가족에 대해 이야기해요.

I talk about my family.

Simple Noun + 에 대해 + Verb structure.

한국에 대해 공부해요.

I study about Korea.

Used with the verb 공부하다 (to study).

그 영화에 대해 알아요?

Do you know about that movie?

Question form using 알다 (to know).

친구에 대해 말해요.

I speak about my friend.

Using 말하다 (to speak/talk).

취미에 대해 써 보세요.

Please try writing about your hobby.

Imperative form with 쓰다 (to write).

음식에 대해 물어봤어요.

I asked about the food.

Past tense of 묻다 (to ask).

날씨에 대해 들었어요.

I heard about the weather.

Past tense of 듣다 (to hear/listen).

학교에 대해 생각해요.

I think about school.

Using 생각하다 (to think).

한국 문화에 대하여 배우고 싶어요.

I want to learn about Korean culture.

Using the full form '에 대하여' with -고 싶다 (want to).

이 책은 역사에 대한 책입니다.

This book is a book about history.

Adjectival form '에 대한' modifying the noun '책'.

선생님께 질문에 대하여 여쭤봤어요.

I asked the teacher about the question.

Honorific form of 'ask' (여쭤보다).

자신의 꿈에 대해 발표하세요.

Please present about your dream.

Using '발표하다' (to present).

우리는 여행 계획에 대해 회의했어요.

We had a meeting about the travel plan.

Using '회의하다' (to have a meeting/discuss).

그 문제에 대한 답을 알아요?

Do you know the answer to (about) that problem?

Noun modification: '에 대한 답'.

서울의 생활에 대해 궁금해요.

I'm curious about life in Seoul.

Using '궁금하다' (to be curious).

이 제품에 대하여 설명해 주세요.

Please explain about this product.

Using '설명하다' (to explain).

환경 오염에 대하여 토론해 봅시다.

Let's discuss about environmental pollution.

Using '토론하다' (to discuss/debate).

그 사건에 대한 소문이 퍼지고 있어요.

Rumors about that incident are spreading.

Noun modification with '에 대한 소문'.

성공에 대하여 어떻게 정의하시나요?

How do you define success?

Using '정의하다' (to define).

저는 제 미래에 대해 고민이 많아요.

I have many worries about my future.

Using '고민' (worry/concern).

외국어 학습에 대한 효과적인 방법을 찾고 있습니다.

I am looking for an effective method for (about) foreign language learning.

Complex noun phrase before '에 대한'.

정부는 복지 정책에 대하여 발표했습니다.

The government announced regarding the welfare policy.

Formal usage in a news context.

사랑에 대한 진실을 알고 싶어요.

I want to know the truth about love.

Abstract noun usage.

그 소설은 인간의 욕망에 대하여 다룹니다.

That novel deals with human desire.

Using '다루다' (to deal with/handle).

이번 보고서는 시장 동향에 대하여 분석한 것입니다.

This report is an analysis of (about) market trends.

Academic/Professional analysis context.

인공지능의 발전에 대한 우려의 목소리가 높습니다.

There are high voices of concern regarding the development of AI.

Noun modification with '에 대한 우려'.

우리는 새로운 프로젝트에 대하여 심도 있게 논의했습니다.

We discussed the new project in depth.

Using '심도 있게 논의하다' (to discuss in depth).

그 작가의 작품 세계에 대하여 연구하고 있습니다.

I am researching the world of that author's works.

Using '연구하다' (to research).

교육 제도에 대한 개혁이 시급합니다.

Reform regarding the education system is urgent.

Formal political/social context.

그 회사는 환경 보호에 대한 책임을 다하고 있습니다.

That company is fulfilling its responsibility for (about) environmental protection.

Using '책임을 다하다' (to fulfill responsibility).

전통 문화의 보존에 대하여 어떻게 생각하십니까?

What are your thoughts on (about) the preservation of traditional culture?

Formal question form '생각하십니까'.

이 이론은 우주의 기원에 대하여 설명합니다.

This theory explains about the origin of the universe.

Scientific explanation context.

현대 철학은 존재의 의미에 대하여 끊임없이 질문합니다.

Modern philosophy constantly questions the meaning of existence.

Philosophical and abstract usage.

그 논문은 사회적 불평등에 대한 구조적 원인을 규명했습니다.

That thesis identified the structural causes of social inequality.

High-level academic vocabulary (규명하다).

정치적 갈등에 대하여 중립적인 입장을 견지하기란 쉽지 않습니다.

It is not easy to maintain a neutral stance regarding political conflicts.

Complex grammatical structure (~기란 쉽지 않다).

언어와 사고의 관계에 대하여 고찰해 볼 필요가 있습니다.

There is a need to contemplate the relationship between language and thought.

Using '고찰하다' (to contemplate/examine).

그 판결은 인권 보호에 대한 새로운 이정표를 제시했습니다.

That ruling presented a new milestone for the protection of human rights.

Metaphorical usage (이정표를 제시하다).

예술의 공공성에 대하여 다각도로 분석해 보았습니다.

I analyzed the public nature of art from various angles.

Using '다각도로' (from various angles).

역사적 진실에 대한 왜곡은 용납될 수 없습니다.

Distortion of historical truth cannot be tolerated.

Passive form '용납될 수 없다'.

과학 기술의 윤리적 측면에 대하여 토론이 활발합니다.

Debate regarding the ethical aspects of science and technology is active.

Using '윤리적 측면' (ethical aspect).

본고는 근대화 과정에서의 자아 정체성 변용에 대하여 심층적으로 논의하고자 한다.

This paper intends to discuss in-depth the transformation of self-identity in the process of modernization.

Highly formal academic introductory style.

법적 권리와 의무의 상관관계에 대한 법리적 해석이 엇갈리고 있습니다.

Legal interpretations regarding the correlation between legal rights and duties are conflicting.

Specialized legal terminology (법리적 해석).

인간 소외 현상에 대하여 실존주의적 관점에서 접근해 보았습니다.

I approached the phenomenon of human alienation from an existentialist perspective.

Using philosophical perspective terms.

매체 환경의 변화가 여론 형성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였습니다.

I contemplated the impact of changes in the media environment on the formation of public opinion.

Complex causative/influential structure.

경제적 불확실성에 대한 시장의 반응이 매우 민감하게 나타나고 있습니다.

The market's response to economic uncertainty is appearing very sensitively.

Economic analysis register.

포스트모더니즘 담론에 대하여 비판적인 시각을 견지하고 있습니다.

I maintain a critical perspective on postmodernist discourse.

Using high-level academic terms like '담론' (discourse).

언어의 자의성에 대한 소쉬르의 이론은 현대 언어학의 기초가 되었습니다.

Saussure's theory on the arbitrariness of language became the foundation of modern linguistics.

Linguistic academic reference.

국가 권력의 정당성에 대하여 사회 계약설을 바탕으로 논의해 보겠습니다.

I will discuss the legitimacy of state power based on social contract theory.

Political science context.

ترکیب‌های رایج

주제에 대하여

문제에 대하여

서로에 대하여

미래에 대하여

사건에 대하여

의견에 대하여

사실에 대하여

역사에 대하여

사랑에 대하여

자신에 대하여

عبارات رایج

그 문제에 대하여

— Regarding that problem. Used to focus the conversation on a specific issue.

그 문제에 대하여 다시 이야기합시다.

서로에 대해

— About each other. Used when two parties are the subject of mutual interest.

우리는 서로에 대해 모르는 게 없어요.

무엇에 대하여

— About what. Used in questions to ask for the subject of a conversation.

지금 무엇에 대하여 말씀하고 계세요?

자신에 대해

— About oneself. Used when talking about personal identity or history.

자신에 대해 솔직해지세요.

이에 대하여

— Regarding this. A formal way to refer back to a previously mentioned point.

이에 대하여 반론을 제기합니다.

모든 것에 대하여

— About everything. Used to indicate a comprehensive scope.

그는 모든 것에 대하여 불평해요.

인생에 대하여

— About life. Often used in philosophical or deep conversations.

인생에 대하여 진지하게 생각하다.

결과에 대하여

— About the result. Used when discussing the outcome of an event.

결과에 대하여 책임을 지겠습니다.

내용에 대하여

— About the content. Used when referring to the details of a document or speech.

계약서 내용에 대하여 확인했습니다.

방법에 대하여

— About the method. Used when discussing how to do something.

해결 방법에 대하여 연구 중입니다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

~에 대하여 vs ~에

'~에' is a general location/time particle. '~에 대하여' specifically means 'about the topic of'.

~에 대하여 vs ~를/을

The object marker indicates the direct object. '~에 대하여' indicates a more indirect 'about' relationship.

~에 대하여 vs ~와/과

Means 'with' or 'and'. Beginners sometimes say 'talk with a topic' instead of 'talk about a topic'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"사랑에 대하여 눈을 뜨다"

— To open one's eyes about love. To finally understand what love is.

그는 비로소 사랑에 대하여 눈을 떴다.

Literary

"세상에 대하여 등 돌리다"

— To turn one's back on the world. To isolate oneself or lose interest in society.

그는 세상에 대하여 등을 돌리고 산속으로 들어갔다.

Literary

"현실에 대하여 눈감다"

— To close one's eyes to reality. To ignore the current situation.

우리는 현실에 대하여 눈감아서는 안 됩니다.

Neutral

"미래에 대하여 장담하다"

— To guarantee/vouch for the future. To be very confident about what will happen.

누구도 미래에 대하여 장담할 수 없다.

Neutral

"남에 대하여 왈가왈부하다"

— To argue/gossip about others. To talk excessively about other people's business.

남에 대하여 왈가왈부하는 것은 좋지 않다.

Colloquial

"과거에 대하여 함구하다"

— To keep silent about the past. To refuse to speak about what happened before.

그는 자신의 과거에 대하여 함구했다.

Formal

"성공에 대하여 목마르다"

— To be thirsty for success. To have a strong desire to succeed.

그는 누구보다 성공에 대하여 목말라 있었다.

Metaphorical

"진실에 대하여 입을 열다"

— To open one's mouth about the truth. To finally tell the truth.

증인은 드디어 진실에 대하여 입을 열었다.

Neutral

"죽음에 대하여 초연하다"

— To be detached/indifferent about death. To face death without fear.

그는 죽음에 대하여 초연한 태도를 보였다.

Formal/Literary

"자신에 대하여 엄격하다"

— To be strict about oneself. To have high standards for one's own behavior.

그는 자신에 대하여 매우 엄격한 사람이다.

Neutral

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

~에 대하여 vs ~에 관하여

Both mean 'about'.

'~에 관하여' is more formal and academic. '~에 대하여' is more versatile.

논문은 주제에 관하여 씁니다. 친구와는 영화에 대해 이야기합니다.

~에 대하여 vs ~에 대한

It's the same root.

'~에 대한' is an adjective modifying a noun. '~에 대하여' is an adverb modifying a verb.

한국에 대한 책 (Noun). 한국에 대해 공부하다 (Verb).

~에 대하여 vs ~에 비하여

Sounds similar.

'~에 비하여' means 'compared to'.

작년에 비하여 물가가 올랐다. (Prices rose compared to last year.)

~에 대하여 vs ~에 의하여

Sounds similar.

'~에 의하여' means 'by' or 'due to'.

법에 의하여 처벌받다. (Be punished by the law.)

~에 대하여 vs ~에 대하여 vs ~를 대상으로

Both involve a target.

'~를 대상으로' means 'targeting/aimed at' a specific group.

학생들을 대상으로 설문조사하다. (Survey targeting students.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun]에 대해 [Verb]

친구에 대해 말해요.

[Noun]에 대한 [Noun]

한국에 대한 책이에요.

[Noun]에 대하여 [Verb/Adjective]

환경에 대하여 관심이 있어요.

[Complex Noun Phrase]에 대하여 [Formal Verb]

사회 문제의 원인에 대하여 분석하다.

[Abstract Noun]에 대하여 [Academic Verb]

자아 정체성에 대하여 고찰하다.

[Discourse]에 대하여 [Perspective Verb]

현대 담론에 대하여 비판적 시각을 견지하다.

[Noun]에 대해 어떻게 생각해요?

이 계획에 대해 어떻게 생각해요?

[Noun]에 대하여 질문이 있습니다.

가격에 대하여 질문이 있습니다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

대상 (daesang - object/target)

상대 (sangdae - opponent/partner)

فعل‌ها

대하다 (daehada - to face/treat)

대처하다 (daecheohada - to cope/handle)

صفت‌ها

대담하다 (daedamhada - to be bold - unrelated root but similar sound)

대단하다 (daedanhada - to be great - unrelated root but similar sound)

مرتبط

~에 대한 (adjectival form)

~에 대해 (shortened form)

~에 대해서 (emphatic form)

대항하다 (to oppose)

대응하다 (to respond)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high. It is one of the top 50 most useful phrases in the Korean language.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '을 대하여' → 에 대하여
The particle '에' is part of the set phrase. You cannot use the object marker '을/를'.
역사에 대하여 책 → 역사에 대한 책
When modifying a noun (book), you must use the adjectival form '대한'.
친구 대하여 이야기해요 → 친구에 대해 이야기해요
The '에' is often dropped by English speakers but it is essential in Korean.
사과에 대하여 먹어요 → 사과를 먹어요
Don't use 'about' for direct actions like eating or drinking. Use the object marker.
서울에 대하여 가요 → 서울에 가요
Movement verbs use '에' or '로', not '에 대하여'.

نکات

The Noun Link

Always remember that '~에 대한' is for nouns and '~에 대해' is for verbs. This is the most common test question for this phrase.

Natural Flow

In conversation, drop the '여'. '대해' sounds 100% more natural than '대하여' when talking to friends.

Academic Precision

Use '~에 관하여' for scientific or legal topics to sound more expert.

Topic Marker

When you hear '~에 대해', get ready! The speaker is about to tell you the main subject of their sentence.

Root Meaning

Knowing that '대하다' means 'to face' helps you remember that this phrase is for things you are 'facing' with your mind.

TOPIK Tip

Look for this phrase in the first sentence of reading paragraphs to quickly identify the main topic.

Investigation

Using '에 대하여' implies a deeper look into a subject than just using the object marker.

Contrast

Add '는' to make '에 대해서는' when you want to compare two different topics.

Don't Overthink

If you are stuck, just think of it as the English word 'about'. It works 90% of the time.

Politeness

Using this phrase in formal situations shows respect for the subject matter and your audience.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'DAE-HA' as 'DEALING with'. When you say '에 대하여', you are 'DEALING with' a topic.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine yourself standing face-to-face with a giant book. You are 'facing' (대하다) the topic of the book.

شبکه واژگان

말하다 (speak) 생각하다 (think) 쓰다 (write) 에 대하여 조사하다 (research) 질문하다 (ask) 알다 (know) 토론하다 (discuss)

چالش

Try to write three sentences today about your favorite food, your job, and your home using '~에 대해'.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Middle Korean verb '대ᄒᆞ다' (daehada), which comes from the Hanja '對' (dui) meaning 'to face', 'to opposite', or 'to treat'.

معنای اصلی: To face someone or something directly.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based).

بافت فرهنگی

When talking about people (e.g., '그 사람에 대하여'), it can sound like you are investigating them or talking behind their back if used in the wrong context. Use with care in sensitive social situations.

English speakers often use 'about' for everything. In Korean, you must learn to distinguish between 'about' (topic) and other prepositions like 'to', 'from', or 'with'.

'사랑에 대하여' (About Love) - A common title for many Korean essays and songs. '그것이 알고 싶다' (I Want to Know That) - A famous investigative show that uses '에 대하여' logic in its reporting. TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) frequently uses this phrase in instructions.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Academic Discussion

이 주제에 대하여
가설에 대하여
연구 결과에 대하여
기존 이론에 대하여

Job Interview

자신의 강점에 대하여
회사에 대하여
경력에 대하여
지원 동기에 대하여

Daily Gossip/News

그 소문에 대하여
연예인에 대하여
사건에 대하여
날씨에 대하여

Learning/Education

역사에 대하여
과학에 대하여
수학에 대하여
언어에 대하여

Internal Reflection

내 삶에 대하여
꿈에 대하여
실수에 대하여
행복에 대하여

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"어제 본 영화에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요? (What did you think about the movie you saw yesterday?)"

"한국의 음식에 대해 가장 좋아하는 것이 뭐예요? (What is your favorite thing about Korean food?)"

"최근의 경제 뉴스에 대해 들으셨어요? (Have you heard about the recent economic news?)"

"당신의 고향에 대해 설명해 주시겠어요? (Could you explain about your hometown?)"

"새로운 취미에 대해 이야기해 줄 수 있어요? (Can you tell me about your new hobby?)"

موضوعات نگارش

오늘 내가 배운 새로운 것에 대하여 써 보세요. (Write about something new you learned today.)

내가 가장 소중하게 생각하는 사람에 대하여 묘사해 보세요. (Describe about the person you cherish the most.)

10년 후의 나의 모습에 대하여 상상해 보세요. (Imagine about yourself 10 years from now.)

최근에 읽은 책의 내용에 대하여 요약해 보세요. (Summarize about the content of a book you recently read.)

내가 고치고 싶은 습관에 대하여 계획을 세워 보세요. (Make a plan about a habit you want to fix.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, you can say '그 사람에 대하여 이야기해요' (I talk about that person). However, if you are talking *to* them, use '에게' or '한테'. If you use '에 대하여', it sounds like they are the subject of a report or a specific discussion.

The addition of '서' makes it slightly more emphatic and is very common in spoken Korean. Grammatically, they are interchangeable in most contexts, but '에 대해' is shorter and more common.

Use '~에 대한' whenever the very next word is a noun that you want to describe. Example: '사랑에 대한 생각' (Thoughts about love). If you are using a verb, use '에 대해(하여)'.

The form '대하여' itself is formal, but the concept is used in all levels of speech. In casual speech, you just use the '에 대해' version.

Yes, but it is quite rare and very formal. Usually, people just say '~에 대해서' or '~에 대하여'.

No, the meaning is identical. The difference is purely stylistic (shortened vs. full form) and formality-based.

Usually no. You don't 'go about' a place in the same way. You would use '에' (to) or '을/를' (travel/walk). Use '에 대하여' for mental or verbal actions.

You can use '이에 대하여' or '이와 관련하여'. Both are very professional.

No, the '에' in the phrase is the only particle needed. Do not use '을/를 에 대하여'.

Yes, in the form '~에 대하여입니다' (It is about...). For example: '이 책은 역사에 대하여입니다' (This book is about history).

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