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A2 noun 7 دقیقه مطالعه

makt

مثال‌ها makt در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح makt in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'makt' is a word you might encounter in very simple contexts like 'Vem bestämmer?' (Who decides?). You don't need to use 'makt' in your own speech yet, but you might see it in simple signs or headlines. Think of it as 'who is the boss.' It is a basic building block for understanding who has the right to make choices in a family or a small group. You might learn the phrase 'Kunskap är makt' (Knowledge is power) as a common idiom. Focus on the fact that 'makt' means 'power' like a king or a boss has. It is not about electricity. If the lights go out, don't say 'makten är borta.' Just remember it as a word for leadership and control.
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At the A2 level, you should start to recognize 'makt' in news headlines and simple stories. You will learn that it is an 'en-word' (en makt). You can use it to describe simple relationships, such as 'Föräldrar har makt över sina barn' (Parents have power over their children). You will also encounter it in historical contexts, like 'Kungen hade all makt' (The king had all the power). You should be able to distinguish 'makt' from 'styrka' (physical strength). You might also start seeing compound words like 'makthavare' (those in power). It's a useful word for discussing basic social structures and who makes the rules in a community or a workplace.
At the B1 level, you can use 'makt' more fluently in discussions about society and work. You understand the difference between 'formell makt' (formal power) and 'informell makt.' You can use phrases like 'i min makt' (in my power) to express your own capabilities. You will encounter 'makt' in more complex news reports about elections and political struggles ('maktkamp'). You should be able to discuss the distribution of power ('maktfördelning') in a basic way. You are also becoming aware of its use in environmental contexts, like 'naturens makt.' Your vocabulary is expanding to include related words like 'maktlös' (powerless) and 'maktfullkomlig' (authoritarian).
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At the B2 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'makt.' You can participate in debates about 'maktförhållanden' (power relations) in society. You understand that 'makt' can be abstract, like 'definitionsmakt' (the power to define narratives). You can use the word in academic or professional writing to describe organizational hierarchies. You are familiar with historical terms like 'stormaktstiden' (the era of the Great Power in Swedish history). You can use the plural 'makter' correctly when referring to international relations or supernatural forces. You understand the subtle difference between 'makt' and 'inflytande' (influence) and can choose the appropriate word based on the level of authority being described.
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At the C1 level, you use 'makt' with precision and sophistication. You can analyze 'maktstrukturer' (power structures) in literature and sociology. You are comfortable with complex idioms and metaphorical uses of the word. You can discuss 'maktbalans' (balance of power) in a geopolitical context and explain how 'marknadsmakt' (market power) affects the economy. You recognize the philosophical implications of the word in texts by thinkers like Foucault or Machiavelli. You can write persuasive essays about the ethics of power and the dangers of 'maktmissbruk' (abuse of power). Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the use of various prepositions and collocations.
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At the C2 level, 'makt' is a tool for subtle and complex expression. You can masterfully use the word to navigate the most intricate social and political discussions. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its role in Swedish national identity. You can use 'makt' to describe everything from the 'fjärde statsmakten' (the press) to the most abstract spiritual concepts. You can play with the word in creative writing, using it to evoke themes of dominance, resistance, and human agency. You are aware of the most obscure synonyms and archaic uses. You can critique the use of 'makt' in political rhetoric and identify how the word is used to shape public opinion and maintain social order.
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مثال‌ها

makt در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Makt means power or authority in Swedish, used for political, social, and abstract control over people and situations.
  • It is an 'en-word' (en makt) and is distinct from physical strength (styrka) or mechanical energy (kraft).
  • Commonly found in news and politics, it appears in compounds like 'maktkamp' (power struggle) and 'makthavare' (those in power).
  • The preposition 'över' is typically used after 'makt' to indicate who or what is being controlled or influenced.

The Swedish word makt is a cornerstone of both political discourse and everyday social dynamics. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'power' or 'authority.' Unlike some languages that might separate physical force from administrative control, Swedish uses 'makt' to describe the capacity to influence, the right to decide, and the strength to enforce change. It is a common noun (en-word) that carries significant weight in discussions about democracy, relationships, and nature.

Politisk Makt (Political Power)
This refers to the formal authority held by governments, parliaments, and leaders. In Sweden, people often discuss 'makten i samhället' (power in society) and how it should be distributed among citizens. It encompasses the ability to pass laws, manage resources, and represent the state.

Regeringen har den verkställande makten i Sverige.

Social Makt (Social Influence)
Beyond politics, 'makt' applies to the influence individuals have over one another. This can be 'definitionsmakt' (the power to define terms or narratives) or 'köpmakt' (purchasing power). It describes who gets to speak and whose voice is heard in a group setting.

Kunskap är makt, som det gamla ordspråket säger.

Fysisk Kraft (Physical Force/Might)
While 'kraft' is more common for physical energy, 'makt' can describe the overwhelming force of nature or a deity. For instance, 'naturens makt' (the power of nature) emphasizes its ability to dominate human efforts through storms or floods.

Ingen människa bör ha absolut makt över en annan.

Vi måste begränsa de stora företagens makt på marknaden.

Han använde sin makt för att hjälpa de svaga i samhället.

Using 'makt' correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a non-count noun in many abstract contexts, while also functioning as a count noun when referring to specific entities like 'powers.' In Swedish, 'makt' is an 'en-word' (en makt). When you want to say 'to have power,' you use the verb 'ha.' For example, 'Vem har makten?' (Who has the power?). The definite form 'makten' is frequently used to refer to 'the authorities' or 'the establishment' in a general sense.

Possession of Power
Verbs like 'ha' (have), 'inneha' (hold/possess), and 'gripa' (seize) are common. 'Gripa makten' describes a coup or a sudden takeover. 'Inneha makten' is more formal and used in political reporting.

Efter valet lyckades oppositionen gripa makten.

The Struggle for Power
The compound 'maktkamp' (power struggle) is essential for news readers. It describes the conflict between two parties vying for control. You might say 'Det pågår en maktkamp inom partiet' (There is a power struggle within the party).

Föräldrar har en viss makt över sina barns liv.

Abstract and Idiomatic Usage
You will hear 'i sin makt' to mean 'within one's power.' For example: 'Jag ska göra allt som står i min makt' (I will do everything in my power).

Hon kände sig helt maktlös inför situationen.

De högre makterna verkade vara emot oss idag.

Vem gav dig makten att bestämma det?

If you turn on the Swedish news (SVT Rapport) or open a newspaper like Dagens Nyheter, 'makt' will be everywhere. It is the lifeblood of political reporting. You'll hear analysts talking about 'maktförskjutning' (shift in power) between the left and right blocs. In a professional setting, people might discuss 'beslutsmakt'—who actually has the final say on a project. It’s not just for big politics; it’s for organizational structures as well.

The Workplace
In Swedish flat hierarchies, 'makt' is often a sensitive topic. People might say 'Vi försöker fördela makten jämnt' (We try to distribute power evenly). Even if a boss has the 'formella makten' (formal power), the 'informella makten' (informal power) might lie with a long-term employee who knows how everything works.

Chefen har makten att anställa och avskeda personal.

International Relations
When Swedes talk about global politics, they use 'stormakter' for 'superpowers.' You will hear discussions about how 'stormakternas maktspel' (the power game of superpowers) affects smaller nations like Sweden.

USA och Kina är två globala stormakter.

Daily Social Interactions
Swedes are generally wary of 'maktfullkomlighet' (authoritarianism/arrogance of power). If someone is being too bossy, a friend might jokingly say 'Har du fått maktbegär?' (Have you developed a lust for power?).

Media kallas ofta för den tredje statsmakten.

Vi kämpar för att ge mer makt åt folket.

Det är en maktfråga vem som får sitta vid bordet.

One of the primary pitfalls for English speakers is confusing 'makt' with 'kraft' or 'styrka.' While all three can translate to 'power' in English, they have distinct domains in Swedish. 'Makt' is strictly about influence and authority. If you want to talk about the power of an engine, you should use 'kraft' or 'effekt.' If you want to talk about physical strength of a person, use 'styrka.' Using 'makt' to describe a weightlifter's ability would sound very strange to a native speaker.

Makt vs. Kraft
'Kraft' is physical or mechanical energy. 'Makt' is social or political. Mistake: 'Bilen har mycket makt' (The car has much power). Correct: 'Bilen har mycket kraft/hästkrafter.'

Fel: Han har fysisk makt. Rätt: Han har fysisk styrka.

Prepositional Errors
English speakers often say 'makt på' (power on). In Swedish, it is almost always 'makt över' (power over). 'Han har makt över besluten' (He has power over the decisions).

Fel: Makten är borta i huset. Rätt: Strömmen har gått.

Pluralization Confusion
The plural 'makter' usually refers to supernatural or international entities. Using it for 'different types of power' (like 'economic and social powers') is less common than using the singular form or specific compounds.

Politikerna är landets främsta makthavare.

Missbruka inte din makt som lärare.

Han förlorade all sin makt på en dag.

Swedish has a rich vocabulary for different nuances of influence. Choosing the right word depends on whether you are talking about formal authority, soft influence, or raw physical strength. 'Makt' is the most general and often carries a political or hierarchical connotation. If you want to sound more precise, consider these alternatives.

Inflytande (Influence)
This is 'soft power.' It’s the ability to affect someone's thinking or behavior without having formal authority over them. 'Han har stort inflytande på musiken' (He has great influence on music).

Sociala medier ger vanliga människor mer inflytande.

Auktoritet (Authority)
This refers to the recognized right to lead or command. Someone can have 'makt' because they are a dictator, but 'auktoritet' suggests a level of respect or legitimacy in that power.

Läkaren talade med stor auktoritet om sjukdomen.

Välde (Dominion/Empire)
A more archaic or literary word for power, often used for empires or total control. 'Romarrikets välde' (The dominion of the Roman Empire).

Vem har bestämmanderätt i den här frågan?

Vi behöver mer handlingskraft i politiken.

Ord har en enorm makt.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /makt/
US /mɑkt/
The stress is on the only syllable.
هم‌قافیه با
akt pakt trakt vakt takt sakt frakt slakt
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing the 'a' like in 'make'. It should be short like in 'father' but briefer.
  • Softening the 'k' sound.
  • Adding an extra vowel at the end.
  • Confusing it with 'mat' (food).
  • Over-aspirating the 't'.
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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Kungen har makt.

The king has power.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

2

Vem har makten här?

Who has the power here?

Definite form 'makten' used as a noun.

3

Kunskap är makt.

Knowledge is power.

Famous proverb.

4

Han vill ha makt.

He wants to have power.

Infinitive construction 'vill ha'.

5

Makt är viktigt.

Power is important.

Adjective 'viktigt' in neuter form agreeing with the concept.

6

De har ingen makt.

They have no power.

Negation with 'ingen'.

7

Min makt är liten.

My power is small.

Possessive pronoun 'min'.

8

Visa din makt!

Show your power!

Imperative mood 'visa'.

1

Regeringen har makten i landet.

The government has the power in the country.

Definite form 'makten' refers to official authority.

2

Han missbrukar sin makt.

He abuses his power.

Verb 'missbrukar' (abuses).

3

Vem gav honom makten?

Who gave him the power?

Past tense 'gav' (gave).

4

Hon kände maktens sötma.

She felt the sweetness of power.

Genitive form 'maktens' (power's).

5

Vi måste dela på makten.

We must share the power.

Verb 'dela på' (share).

6

Det är en stor makt.

It is a great power.

Adjective 'stor' (great/big).

7

Han förlorade sin makt igår.

He lost his power yesterday.

Past tense 'förlorade' (lost).

8

Makt kan vara farligt.

Power can be dangerous.

Modal verb 'kan' (can).

1

Det pågår en maktkamp i partiet.

A power struggle is ongoing in the party.

Compound noun 'maktkamp'.

2

Jag ska göra allt i min makt.

I will do everything in my power.

Idiomatic expression 'i min makt'.

3

Naturens makt är enorm.

The power of nature is enormous.

Genitive 'naturens' (nature's).

4

Hon kände sig helt maktlös.

She felt completely powerless.

Adjective 'maktlös' (powerless).

5

Vem är den verkliga makthavaren?

Who is the real person in power?

Agent noun 'makthavaren'.

6

De utmanade makten på gatorna.

They challenged the power in the streets.

Verb 'utmanade' (challenged).

7

Han har makt över sina egna beslut.

He has power over his own decisions.

Preposition 'över' (over).

8

Maktfördelning är viktig för demokratin.

Distribution of power is important for democracy.

Compound noun 'maktfördelning'.

1

Företaget har stor marknadsmakt.

The company has great market power.

Compound 'marknadsmakt'.

2

Det handlar om en maktförskjutning.

It is about a shift in power.

Compound 'maktförskjutning'.

3

Han agerade med stor maktfullkomlighet.

He acted with great authoritarianism.

Noun 'maktfullkomlighet'.

4

Vi måste granska makten noga.

We must scrutinize the power carefully.

Verb 'granska' (scrutinize).

5

Religiösa makter har format historien.

Religious powers have shaped history.

Plural form 'makter'.

6

Hon använde sin definitionsmakt.

She used her power to define the narrative.

Compound 'definitionsmakt'.

7

Maktbalansen i Europa har ändrats.

The balance of power in Europe has changed.

Compound 'maktbalansen'.

8

Det är en fråga om makt, inte rättvisa.

It's a question of power, not justice.

Contrastive structure 'fråga om... inte...'.

1

Analysen belyser maktstrukturerna i samhället.

The analysis highlights the power structures in society.

Definite plural 'maktstrukturerna'.

2

Han var besatt av maktbegär.

He was obsessed with the lust for power.

Compound 'maktbegär'.

3

Statsmakterna måste vara oberoende.

The branches of government must be independent.

Term for branches of government.

4

Hon dekonstruerade maktens språk.

She deconstructed the language of power.

Academic verb 'dekonstruerade'.

5

Det finns en inneboende makt i tystnaden.

There is an inherent power in silence.

Adjective 'inneboende' (inherent).

6

Maktutövningen kritiserades av oppositionen.

The exercise of power was criticized by the opposition.

Passive voice 'kritiserades'.

7

Han ville bryta maktmonopolet.

He wanted to break the power monopoly.

Compound 'maktmonopolet'.

8

Diskursen präglas av dolda maktanspråk.

The discourse is characterized by hidden claims to power.

Plural compound 'maktanspråk'.

1

Maktens korridorer är ofta dunkla.

The corridors of power are often dark/obscure.

Metaphorical expression.

2

Ett geopolitiskt maktvakuum uppstod.

A geopolitical power vacuum emerged.

Compound 'maktvakuum'.

3

Han reflekterade över maktens förgänglighet.

He reflected on the transience of power.

Abstract noun 'förgänglighet'.

4

Suveränitetsbegreppet är intimt förknippat med makt.

The concept of sovereignty is intimately linked with power.

Formal academic phrasing.

5

Hon genomskådade hans subtila maktspel.

She saw through his subtle power game.

Verb 'genomskådade' (saw through).

6

Den fjärde statsmakten spelar en avgörande roll.

The fourth estate (the press) plays a crucial role.

Idiomatic political term.

7

Maktförhållandena i familjen var asymmetriska.

The power relations in the family were asymmetrical.

Scientific adjective 'asymmetriska'.

8

Han strävade efter total maktfullkomlighet.

He strived for total absolute power.

High-level noun for absolute authority.

ترکیب‌های رایج

gripa makten
inneha makten
missbruka makten
maktens korridorer
absolut makt
politisk makt
ekonomisk makt
makt över
förlora makten
ge makt åt

عبارات رایج

Kunskap är makt

— Knowledge gives you the ability to influence and succeed.

Läs böcker, för kunskap är makt.

Sitta vid makten

— To be the one currently in control or governing.

Socialdemokraterna satt vid makten länge.

I sin makt

— Within one's capacity to do something.

Jag ska göra allt i min makt för att hjälpa dig.

Maktens sötma

— The pleasant feeling of having influence and control.

Han har börjat gilla maktens sötma.

Den tredje statsmakten

— A term for the media/press and its influence on society.

Media kallas ofta för den tredje statsmakten.

Makt och medel

— The authority and the resources to get something done.

Vi saknar både makt och medel.

Göra gällande sin makt

— To assert or use one's authority.

Han ville göra gällande sin makt över gruppen.

Stå i maktens centrum

— To be at the heart of where decisions are made.

Hon har alltid velat stå i maktens centrum.

En maktfaktor att räkna med

— Something or someone that has significant influence.

Facket är en maktfaktor att räkna med.

Maktens språk

— The way people in authority communicate.

Han förstod inte maktens språk.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Dela och härska"

— A strategy to maintain power by breaking up larger concentrations of power into chunks that individually have less power than the implementer of the strategy.

Chefen använde strategin att dela och härska.

Formal/Political
"Ha ett ord med i laget"

— To have some influence or say in a decision.

Jag vill också ha ett ord med i laget.

Informal
"Sitta på höga hästar"

— To act superior or as if one has more power/authority than others.

Sitt inte på dina höga hästar!

Informal
"Dra i trådarna"

— To control a situation or group of people secretly (behind the scenes).

Det är han som drar i trådarna.

Neutral
"Hålla i taktpinnen"

— To be the one leading or controlling the pace of something.

Hon håller i taktpinnen under mötet.

Neutral
"Vara i händerna på någon"

— To be completely under someone else's power or control.

Vi är helt i händerna på banken.

Neutral
"Slå näven i bordet"

— To assert one's power or authority forcefully to get a result.

Han var tvungen att slå näven i bordet.

Informal
"Ha sista ordet"

— To have the final authority to make a decision.

Min fru har alltid sista ordet.

Informal
"Gå över lik"

— To do anything, even something unethical, to gain power or success.

Han går över lik för att nå toppen.

Informal
"Vara herre på täppan"

— To be the dominant person in a specific area or group.

Han gillar att vara herre på täppan.

Informal

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

makt
makthavar
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محتوای مرتبط

این کلمه در زبان‌های دیگر

makt Norwegian

قواعد دستوری مرتبط

Literary Analysis C1
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