این صفحه به زبان شما
English العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 noun 13 دقیقه مطالعه

Phút

مثال‌ها
توضیح Phút in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, the primary focus is on mastering basic survival vocabulary, and understanding how to express time is absolutely essential for daily functioning in a Vietnamese-speaking environment. This specific word is introduced very early in language courses because without it, learners cannot schedule appointments, understand transportation timetables, or follow simple instructions. At this stage, students learn to combine basic cardinal numbers from one to sixty with this noun to form straightforward expressions of duration. For example, learning to say 'năm phút' (five minutes) or 'mười phút' (ten minutes) allows a beginner to ask someone to wait or to indicate how long an action will take. Furthermore, it is a critical component of the time-telling formula. Beginners are taught the structure 'giờ' (hour) followed by this word to state the exact time on the clock, such as 'hai giờ mười lăm phút' (two fifteen). The grammar is incredibly simple at this level because Vietnamese nouns do not change form for pluralization; the word remains exactly the same whether you are talking about one unit or fifty units. Teachers emphasize clear pronunciation, particularly mastering the rising 'sắc' tone, as incorrect tones can lead to misunderstandings. By practicing simple dialogues, such as asking 'Bây giờ là mấy giờ?' (What time is it now?) and responding with precise times, A1 learners build the necessary confidence to navigate basic, practical situations like catching a bus, ordering food, or meeting a friend. Mastery of this word at the A1 level provides the foundational building block for all future, more complex temporal expressions in the language.
Moving into the A2 elementary level, the usage of this word expands significantly beyond merely reading a clock. Learners at this stage begin to construct more complex sentences involving daily routines, schedules, and personal habits. They start to use the word to describe the duration of activities, which requires understanding prepositions and verbs related to spending or taking time. For instance, an A2 student will learn to say 'Tôi mất ba mươi phút để đi làm' (It takes me thirty minutes to go to work) or 'Tôi học tiếng Việt bốn mươi lăm phút mỗi ngày' (I study Vietnamese for forty-five minutes every day). This introduces the concept of frequency and routine. Additionally, learners are introduced to the concept of 'kém' (to/minus) for telling time, such as 'mười giờ kém mười phút' (ten minutes to ten), which adds a layer of complexity to their numerical comprehension. In social situations, A2 learners use the word metaphorically to ask for brief pauses in conversation or action, employing phrases like 'Đợi một phút' (Wait a minute). They also begin to encounter the word in written contexts, such as reading simple recipes that instruct them to boil something for a specific number of minutes, or reading store signs indicating wait times. The focus shifts from isolated vocabulary memorization to practical application in full, descriptive sentences that narrate the flow of a typical day. By mastering these slightly more advanced structures, A2 students can communicate their schedules, manage their time effectively in a Vietnamese context, and engage in more detailed conversations about their daily lives and routines.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the B1 intermediate level, learners transition from basic scheduling to more narrative and descriptive uses of the word. They begin to tell stories, recount past events, and describe future plans with greater temporal precision. The vocabulary expands to include compound words and collocations that add nuance to their speech. For example, B1 students learn terms like 'phút cuối' (the last minute) to describe situations involving procrastination or sudden changes in plans, as in 'Anh ấy hủy cuộc hẹn vào phút cuối' (He canceled the appointment at the last minute). They also encounter the word in the context of sports and entertainment, understanding phrases like 'phút bù giờ' (injury time) when watching a football match. At this level, learners are expected to understand and use the word in hypothetical situations and conditional sentences. They might express urgency or impatience, recognizing the cultural subtleties of time perception in Vietnam. Furthermore, B1 students begin to differentiate between literal time measurement and idiomatic expressions. They learn that 'một phút' can sometimes just mean 'a short while' rather than exactly sixty seconds, and they start to use alternative words like 'lát' or 'chốc' to sound more natural and fluent. Listening comprehension exercises at this stage often feature native speakers talking at natural speeds, where the word might be slightly elided or spoken quickly within a sentence. Mastering the word at the B1 level allows learners to engage in more dynamic, spontaneous conversations, share anecdotes with accurate timelines, and understand the temporal context of various media and everyday narratives.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level, the application of this word becomes highly sophisticated, reflecting an ability to navigate professional, academic, and emotionally nuanced environments. Learners at this stage use the word effortlessly in complex business negotiations, where precise time management is critical. They can articulate detailed project timelines, discuss productivity rates, and manage meetings effectively using advanced phrasing. For example, they might use structures like 'mức độ tăng trưởng mỗi phút' (growth rate per minute) in a professional presentation. Beyond the professional sphere, B2 learners deeply understand the stylistic and emotional weight of the word. They recognize its use in literature and journalism to create suspense or emphasize the fleeting nature of time. They become comfortable with poetic compounds like 'giây phút' (moments), using them to express profound personal experiences or emotional states, such as 'những giây phút hạnh phúc' (happy moments). At this level, learners are also highly attuned to the idiomatic and figurative uses of the word. They understand expressions like 'trong phút chốc' (in an instant) and can incorporate them naturally into their writing and speaking to add dramatic effect. The focus is no longer on simply conveying information, but on doing so with the appropriate register, tone, and cultural appropriateness. B2 students can debate the concept of time, complain about delays using advanced vocabulary, and appreciate the subtle ways native speakers manipulate time-related words for emphasis or politeness. Their mastery of the word is characterized by fluency, flexibility, and a deep understanding of its multifaceted role in the Vietnamese language.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the C1 advanced level, learners exhibit a near-native command of the word, utilizing it in highly abstract, literary, and complex communicative contexts. The word is no longer just a unit of time; it is a tool for rhetorical emphasis and sophisticated storytelling. C1 learners engage with advanced Vietnamese literature, poetry, and philosophical texts where the concept of time is explored deeply. They understand and can naturally produce highly idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms that incorporate the word. For instance, they can use phrases that convey extreme brevity or sudden, life-altering changes, such as 'chỉ trong một phút lầm lỡ' (in just a minute of a mistake/lapse of judgment). They are adept at recognizing the subtle shifts in meaning when the word is paired with various modifiers in formal and academic writing. Furthermore, C1 students can effortlessly switch registers, using the precise, mathematical definition in a scientific or technical discussion, and immediately pivoting to a poetic, metaphorical usage in a casual or emotional conversation. They possess a deep understanding of the cultural psychology of time in Vietnam, allowing them to interpret subtext and unspoken implications in negotiations or social interactions based on how time is discussed. Their pronunciation is flawless, perfectly integrating the word into the natural rhythm and intonation patterns of complex, multi-clause sentences. At this stage, the word is fully internalized, allowing the learner to express complex thoughts, emotions, and abstract concepts regarding time with elegance, precision, and complete cultural fluency.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
At the C2 mastery level, the learner’s understanding and usage of this word are indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. They possess an intuitive grasp of the word's deepest etymological roots, its historical evolution, and its most obscure literary applications. C2 learners can analyze and critique how the concept of the 'minute' is portrayed in classic Vietnamese literature versus modern media, recognizing subtle shifts in societal attitudes toward time, efficiency, and mindfulness. They can engage in profound philosophical discussions about the nature of time, existence, and the fleeting quality of human life, using the word as a central thematic anchor. Their vocabulary includes highly specialized jargon across various domains—such as physics, medicine, or advanced economics—where precise temporal measurements are critical. Furthermore, they can invent their own metaphors and poetic imagery using the word, pushing the boundaries of the language while remaining perfectly comprehensible and structurally sound. They understand regional variations and historical dialects, recognizing how the pronunciation or usage of time-related vocabulary might differ slightly across different parts of Vietnam or in older texts. At the C2 level, the word is not merely a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual framework through which the learner can articulate the most intricate, nuanced, and profound aspects of the human experience in the Vietnamese language, demonstrating absolute mastery over its mechanics, its cultural resonance, and its artistic potential.
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
مثال‌ها
The Vietnamese word for minute is a fundamental vocabulary item that every language learner must master early in their journey. When we talk about time, this specific noun is absolutely indispensable for daily communication, scheduling, and expressing durations. In the Vietnamese language, time measurement strictly follows the global standard, meaning that one hour consists of exactly sixty of these units, and each of these units contains exactly sixty seconds. However, beyond its literal mathematical definition, the word carries significant cultural and conversational weight. People use it constantly in everyday scenarios ranging from casual interactions to formal business meetings. For instance, when you are running late and want to ask someone to wait, you will invariably use this word to request a brief pause.

Xin đợi tôi một phút.

This concept extends into various domains of life. In transportation, you will hear announcements regarding train or bus departures detailing the exact time remaining. In culinary contexts, recipes dictate the precise cooking duration required to achieve the perfect dish.
Literal Usage
Used to indicate a precise measurement of time equivalent to sixty seconds, often preceded by a cardinal number.
Furthermore, the term is frequently employed metaphorically to describe a short, undefined period, much like the English phrase 'just a minute' or 'give me a second'. This metaphorical usage is crucial for understanding conversational Vietnamese, as native speakers often do not mean a literal sixty seconds when they say 'một phút'. Instead, they are communicating a request for patience or indicating that an action will be completed very shortly.

Tôi sẽ quay lại trong vài phút nữa.

Understanding the dual nature of this word—both as a strict scientific measurement and as a flexible conversational tool—is essential for achieving fluency. It appears in sports broadcasting to indicate the current stage of a match, in medical settings to measure heart rates, and in educational environments to structure lessons.
Metaphorical Usage
Used to represent a brief, fleeting moment or a short delay without strict adherence to the exact mathematical duration.

Chỉ một phút lơ là, tai nạn đã xảy ra.

This highlights how the concept of a minute can emphasize the critical nature of a very brief window of opportunity or danger. In poetry and music, the word is often romanticized to capture the essence of a memorable experience, describing moments of intense emotion, love, or realization.
Literary Usage
Employed in songs and literature to evoke nostalgia, emphasizing the preciousness of fleeting time spent with loved ones.

Những phút giây êm đềm bên nhau sẽ mãi không phai.

Trận đấu đang ở phút thứ chín mươi.

Ultimately, mastering this vocabulary item provides a vital key to unlocking both practical daily interactions and deeper, more nuanced expressions of human experience in the Vietnamese language. By recognizing its various applications—from checking your watch to reading a romantic poem—you will significantly enhance your comprehensive understanding of how Vietnamese speakers navigate and articulate the passage of time.
Constructing sentences with this specific time measurement noun requires an understanding of Vietnamese syntax, particularly how numbers and classifiers interact with nouns. In Vietnamese, the fundamental rule for expressing duration or specific times involves placing the numeral directly before the noun. There is no need for pluralization markers or complex grammatical changes; the word remains identical regardless of whether you are speaking about one unit or one hundred units. This simplicity is a hallmark of the Vietnamese language, making it highly accessible for beginners.

Tôi cần mười lăm phút để chuẩn bị.

When telling time, the structure follows a logical sequence: the hour comes first, followed by this word, and sometimes followed by the exact seconds, though seconds are often omitted in casual conversation.
Telling Time Syntax
The standard formula is: [Number] + 'giờ' (hour) + [Number] + 'phút' (minute).

Bây giờ là tám giờ ba mươi phút.

Another critical grammatical structure involves expressing the time remaining before the next hour, similar to 'quarter to' or 'ten to' in English. Vietnamese uses the word 'kém' (less/minus) for this purpose.
Using 'Kém' for Time
Formula: [Next Hour] + 'giờ' + 'kém' + [Number] + 'phút'. This translates to 'X minutes to the next hour'.

Chuyến tàu khởi hành lúc chín giờ kém mười lăm phút.

Furthermore, this word frequently combines with adjectives to create specific temporal descriptions. For example, 'cuối' means last or final. When combined, 'phút cuối' refers to the last minute or the final moment before an event concludes or a deadline arrives. This is highly useful in both business and casual contexts.

Anh ấy luôn thay đổi quyết định vào phút cuối.

When discussing frequency or rates, the word is used with the preposition 'mỗi' (every) or 'một' (a/one). For example, if you are describing a heart rate or a machine's production speed, you would structure it to show the quantity per unit of time.
Expressing Rates
Use the structure: [Action/Quantity] + 'mỗi' + 'phút' to express actions happening per minute.

Nhịp tim của người bình thường là khoảng bảy mươi nhịp mỗi phút.

By mastering these various sentence structures, learners can confidently navigate conversations about schedules, deadlines, durations, and rates, ensuring their Vietnamese is both accurate and naturally fluent in a wide array of everyday situations.
The ubiquity of this word in spoken and written Vietnamese means that learners will encounter it in virtually every environment they navigate. From the moment you wake up to the time you go to sleep, references to time are inescapable. One of the most common places you will hear this word is in transportation hubs such as airports, train stations, and bus terminals. Announcements over public address systems continuously broadcast departure and arrival times, utilizing this exact vocabulary to inform passengers of their schedules.

Chuyến bay sẽ cất cánh trong ba mươi phút nữa.

In the workplace or educational institutions, meetings and classes are strictly bound by the clock. Colleagues will negotiate deadlines and meeting durations using this term. Teachers will instruct students on how much time remains for an examination.
Academic Contexts
Examiners and teachers frequently use the word to manage classroom activities and test durations.

Các em còn năm phút để nộp bài.

Another highly prevalent domain is sports broadcasting, particularly football (soccer), which is immensely popular in Vietnam. Commentators rely heavily on this word to keep viewers informed about the progression of the match, dramatic late goals, and added injury time.
Sports Commentary
Crucial for narrating the timeline of a game, especially during critical moments near the end of a half.

Bàn thắng tuyệt đẹp ở phút bù giờ thứ ba!

In the domestic sphere, culinary activities heavily feature this vocabulary. Whether watching a cooking show on television, reading a recipe online, or taking instructions from a family member in the kitchen, precise time measurements are vital for culinary success.

Luộc rau trong nước sôi khoảng ba phút.

Finally, in the realm of entertainment—such as movies, television dramas, and music—the word is used to build suspense, express longing, or reflect on the passage of time. Characters in thrillers might have only a limited amount of time to defuse a situation, while romantic ballads will sing about treasuring every single moment spent together.
Entertainment Media
Used to create tension in narratives or to convey deep emotional resonance in musical lyrics.

Quả bom sẽ phát nổ trong vòng hai phút!

By immersing yourself in these various environments, you will quickly realize that this simple noun is an absolute cornerstone of daily Vietnamese life, deeply woven into the fabric of scheduling, sports, cooking, and storytelling.
While the word for minute is generally straightforward, English speakers learning Vietnamese often stumble upon several common pitfalls due to grammatical differences, pronunciation challenges, and subtle nuances in usage. The most frequent error relates to the position of the numeral. In English, we say 'five minutes', placing the number before the noun. Fortunately, Vietnamese follows the exact same order: 'năm phút'. However, learners sometimes confuse the order when dealing with complex time structures, especially when translating phrases like 'a ten-minute break'.
Adjective Placement Error
Learners might incorrectly place the time duration after the noun it modifies, misunderstanding the compound noun structure.

Đúng: Một khoảng nghỉ mười phút.

Another significant area of confusion arises when learners attempt to use the word metaphorically. In English, one might say 'I haven't seen him in a minute', meaning a long time. If you translate this literally into Vietnamese, it will cause immense confusion.

Sai: Tôi đã không gặp anh ấy một phút rồi. (Incorrect usage for 'a long time')

Pronunciation also presents a substantial hurdle. The word contains the high rising tone, known as 'thanh sắc'. English speakers often fail to elevate their pitch sufficiently, resulting in a flat or falling tone. If pronounced with a flat tone, it might sound like a completely different word or simply be unintelligible to a native speaker.
Pronunciation Challenge
Failing to hit the sharp, rising pitch of the 'sắc' tone makes the word sound unnatural.

Hãy nhớ nâng cao giọng ở cuối từ phút.

Additionally, learners sometimes confuse this word with 'giây' (second) or 'giờ' (hour) during rapid conversation. While this is a simple vocabulary mix-up, it can lead to severe scheduling conflicts—arriving hours late or expecting something to take seconds when it will take much longer.
Vocabulary Mix-up
Interchanging time measurement units under conversational pressure.

Đừng nhầm lẫn giữa giờ, phút và giây.

Finally, when expressing 'half past' an hour, learners sometimes mistakenly use 'ba mươi phút' in situations where the native speaker would naturally prefer the word 'rưỡi' (half). While saying 'ba mươi phút' is perfectly correct grammatically, relying on it too heavily instead of using 'rưỡi' can make a learner's speech sound slightly robotic or overly formal.

Người Việt thường nói 'hai giờ rưỡi' thay vì 'hai giờ ba mươi phút'.

By being mindful of these common mistakes—particularly regarding tone, idiomatic translations, and natural phrasing—students can rapidly improve their conversational fluency and avoid confusing misunderstandings.
While the primary word for minute is strictly defined as a mathematical measurement of time, the Vietnamese language possesses a rich tapestry of alternative words and synonyms used to express short, fleeting durations. Understanding these alternatives is crucial for advancing from a beginner level to a more natural, native-like proficiency. When a Vietnamese speaker wants to convey the idea of a brief moment without specifying exactly sixty seconds, they frequently utilize words like 'lát', 'chốc', or 'lúc'.
Lát
A very common colloquial term meaning 'a short while' or 'a moment'. It is often used in the phrase 'một lát nữa' (in a little while).

Đợi tôi một lát, đừng tính bằng phút.

The word 'chốc' operates similarly but is often found in slightly more descriptive or literary contexts, such as the compound word 'phút chốc', which translates to 'in an instant' or 'suddenly'. This highlights how the core word can combine with synonyms to amplify the sense of brevity and suddenness.
Chốc
Means a brief moment, often used to describe something that happens very quickly or suddenly.

Trong phút chốc, mọi thứ đã thay đổi hoàn toàn.

Another excellent alternative is 'khoảnh khắc', which translates to 'moment' or 'instant'. However, unlike the simple measurement of time, 'khoảnh khắc' carries a heavier emotional or significant weight. You would use it to describe a profound realization, a beautiful memory, or a critical turning point in a story.
Khoảnh khắc
A significant, often emotional moment in time. It is not used for mundane waiting periods.

Đó là một khoảnh khắc tuyệt vời, hơn cả ngàn phút bình thường.

Furthermore, learners should be aware of the compound noun 'giây phút', which combines 'second' and 'minute' to mean 'moments'. This is highly poetic and frequently appears in song lyrics and romantic literature.

Tôi trân trọng từng phút giây bên bạn.

By integrating these alternatives—lát, chốc, khoảnh khắc, and giây phút—into your vocabulary, you can express the concept of short durations with much greater precision, emotional depth, and cultural authenticity, moving far beyond the mechanical ticking of a clock.

Hãy dành một phút để suy nghĩ về những lựa chọn từ ngữ này.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Bây giờ là mười giờ mười lăm phút.

It is now ten fifteen.

Standard time-telling structure: Hour + phút.

2

Tôi đợi bạn năm phút.

I wait for you for five minutes.

Number directly precedes the noun to show duration.

3

Mỗi ngày tôi đi bộ ba mươi phút.

Every day I walk for thirty minutes.

Used to express the duration of a daily routine.

4

Xin chờ một phút!

Please wait a minute!

A common polite command using the word metaphorically.

5

Phim này dài chín mươi phút.

This movie is ninety minutes long.

Describing the total duration of an event or media.

6

Tàu đến trong mười phút nữa.

The train arrives in ten more minutes.

Using 'nữa' to indicate future time remaining.

7

Tôi cần hai phút để đọc xong.

I need two minutes to finish reading.

Structure: Cần (need) + time + để (to) + verb.

8

Bảy giờ kém năm phút.

Five minutes to seven.

Using 'kém' to show minutes remaining until the next hour.

1

Hàng ngày, tôi mất khoảng hai mươi phút để đi xe buýt đến trường.

Every day, it takes me about twenty minutes to take the bus to school.

Using 'mất' (to take/lose) to describe time spent travelling.

2

Cuộc họp sẽ bắt đầu sau mười lăm phút nữa, mọi người chuẩn bị nhé.

The meeting will start in fifteen minutes, everyone please prepare.

Using 'sau... nữa' to indicate a future event's starting time.

3

Bạn nên luộc trứng trong vòng bảy phút để lòng đỏ vừa chín tới.

You should boil the egg for seven minutes so the yolk is just cooked.

Using 'trong vòng' (within) to specify a precise duration for an action.

4

Tôi chỉ có vài phút để nói chuyện điện thoại với bạn thôi.

I only have a few minutes to talk on the phone with you.

Using 'vài' (a few) to indicate an indefinite, small number.

5

Đồng hồ của tôi chạy nhanh năm phút so với thời gian thực.

My watch runs five minutes fast compared to real time.

Describing the state of a clock running fast (chạy nhanh).

6

Bác sĩ nói tôi cần nghỉ ngơi ít nhất ba mươi phút sau khi tập thể dục.

The doctor said I need to rest for at least thirty minutes after exercising.

Using 'ít nhất' (at least) to set a minimum time boundary.

7

Chúng tôi đã đến trễ mười phút vì tắc đường.

We arrived ten minutes late because of a traffic jam.

Using the word to quantify lateness (đến trễ + time).

8

Mỗi bài kiểm tra trắc nghiệm kéo dài đúng bốn mươi lăm phút.

Each multiple-choice test lasts exactly forty-five minutes.

Using 'kéo dài' (to last) to describe the length of an event.

1

Họ đã quyết định thay đổi kế hoạch vào phút cuối cùng, khiến mọi người rất bối rối.

They decided to change the plan at the very last minute, making everyone very confused.

Using the collocation 'phút cuối cùng' to indicate a late change.

2

Trong bóng đá, những bàn thắng ở phút bù giờ luôn mang lại cảm xúc vỡ òa.

In football, goals in injury time always bring bursting emotions.

Using 'phút bù giờ' specifically for sports contexts.

3

Chỉ trong phút chốc, cơn bão đã cuốn phăng đi những mái nhà mỏng manh.

In just an instant, the storm swept away the fragile roofs.

Using the compound 'phút chốc' to mean 'suddenly' or 'in an instant'.

4

Tôi luôn cố gắng dành ra mười lăm phút mỗi sáng để thiền định.

I always try to set aside fifteen minutes every morning to meditate.

Using 'dành ra' (to set aside) combined with a time duration.

5

Máy bơm này có công suất bơm được năm trăm lít nước mỗi phút.

This pump has a capacity to pump five hundred liters of water per minute.

Expressing a rate using the structure 'quantity + mỗi + phút'.

6

Đừng lãng phí những phút giây quý giá bên gia đình của bạn.

Do not waste the precious moments with your family.

Using the poetic compound 'phút giây' (moments).

7

Anh ta đã hoàn thành bài thi sớm hơn quy định hai mươi phút.

He finished the exam twenty minutes earlier than the regulation.

Comparing time durations using 'sớm hơn' (earlier than).

8

Chỉ một phút lơ đễnh khi lái xe cũng có thể gây ra hậu quả nghiêm trọng.

Just one minute of distraction while driving can cause serious consequences.

Using the word metaphorically to emphasize the danger of a brief lapse.

1

Sự can thiệp y tế kịp thời trong những phút đầu tiên của cơn đột quỵ là vô cùng quan trọng.

Timely medical intervention in the first minutes of a stroke is extremely important.

Using the word in a critical medical context to emphasize urgency.

2

Nhà đàm phán đã giữ vững lập trường của mình cho đến những phút chót của cuộc họp.

The negotiator held his ground until the final minutes of the meeting.

Using 'phút chót' (the very last minute) in a professional setting.

3

Tốc độ đánh máy của cô ấy đạt mức ấn tượng, lê

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

محتوای مرتبط

مفید بود؟

نظرات (0)

برای نظر دادن وارد شوید
هنوز نظری وجود ندارد. اولین نفری باشید که افکار خود را به اشتراک می‌گذارد!