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B2 adjective 9 min de lecture

غیردولتی

gheyr-e dolati
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces غیردولتی en 30 secondes
Explication غیردولتی in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that غیردولتی (gheyr-e dowlati) means 'not from the government.' Think of it as a way to describe schools or hospitals that are not free and are run by private people. In Iran, most things are either 'dowlati' (public/government-run) or 'gheyr-e dowlati' (private). At this stage, you might use it in very simple sentences like 'This is a private school' (In madrase gheyr-e dowlati ast). You don't need to worry about the complex politics behind it; just recognize it as a label for private institutions. It is a long word, but if you break it down into 'Gheyr' (non) and 'Dowlati' (government), it becomes easier to remember. You will see this word on signs and in basic news headlines. Just remember the Ezafe 'e' sound in the middle: gheyr-e dowlati. This word is very useful because it helps you understand where you might need to pay money for services versus where they might be provided by the state. Even at the beginning of your Persian journey, knowing the difference between a government building and a non-government one is practical for daily life. Focus on the pronunciation: 'Ghay-re Dow-la-tee'.
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At the A2 level, you can begin to use غیردولتی in more descriptive ways. You should understand that it is an adjective and follows the noun. For example, bimarestan-e gheyr-e dowlati (a non-governmental hospital). You might use this word when talking about your daily routine, your children's education, or your job. You can compare things using this word: 'Government schools are cheaper than non-governmental schools' (Madaares-e dowlati arzan-tar az madaares-e gheyr-e dowlati hastand). You should also recognize the word in simple advertisements. For instance, a gym or a language institute might be described as mo'assese-ye gheyr-e dowlati. At this level, you are building your vocabulary to describe the world around you, and distinguishing between public and private sectors is a key part of that. You might also hear this word in simple news clips about local charities. The key is to practice the Ezafe connection correctly. Remember, the 'e' sound at the end of the noun connects it to gheyr-e dowlati. This word is a great example of how Persian uses prefixes like 'gheyr' to create new meanings, which is a pattern you will see often as you progress.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using غیردولتی in discussions about society and the economy. You will encounter the term sazman-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati, which is the standard way to say 'NGOs.' You can talk about the role of these organizations in helping people or protecting the environment. At this level, you can handle more complex sentence structures: 'I want to work for a non-governmental organization because I want to help society' (Man mikham dar yek sazman-e gheyr-e dowlati kar konam chon mikham be jame'e komak konam). You should also understand the difference between gheyr-e dowlati and khosousi (private) in a general sense, even if the legal nuances aren't perfectly clear yet. You will notice this word in newspaper articles about educational reforms or the privatization of state companies. You can also use it to express opinions about the quality of services: 'In my opinion, non-governmental hospitals have better equipment' (Be nazar-e man, bimarestan-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati tajhizat-e behtari darand). Your ability to use this word correctly in both speech and writing shows that you are moving beyond basic survival Persian into more meaningful social discourse. You should also be able to identify the word's root, dowlat, and see how it relates to other words like dowlati (governmental) and dowlati-sazi (nationalization).
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At the B2 level, you are expected to use غیردولتی with precision in professional and academic contexts. You should understand its role in the 'privatization' (khosousi-sazi) debates in Iran and how it relates to Article 44 of the Constitution. You can discuss the legal and administrative differences between state-run and non-governmental entities. For example, you might analyze the impact of madaares-e gheyr-e dowlati on educational equality. You should be able to use the word in formal writing, such as an essay or a report: 'The growth of the non-governmental sector is essential for economic development' (Roshd-e bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati baraye towse'e-ye eghtesadi zaruri ast). At this level, you should also be familiar with the term sazman-ha-ye mardom-nahad (NGOs) and know that it is often used interchangeably with sazman-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati, though the former is more 'Persianized.' You can participate in debates about whether certain services, like healthcare or water management, should remain governmental or become non-governmental. Your vocabulary should now include collocations like nahad-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati (non-governmental institutions) and sarmaye-gozari-ye gheyr-e dowlati (non-governmental investment). You can also understand more complex news reports that use this word to describe the shifting balance of power between the state and civil society. This is a level where the nuances of the word's usage in different registers (formal vs. informal) become important.
At the C1 level, your understanding of غیردولتی should be comprehensive, covering its legal, political, and philosophical implications. You can use the term to discuss the nuances of the 'third sector' in Iran, which includes charities, cooperatives, and NGOs. You should be able to critique the use of the term in government rhetoric, perhaps discussing how 'gheyr-e dowlati' entities in Iran are sometimes still influenced by state-affiliated semi-private organizations (often called 'khosousi-ye khosousi' vs. 'khosousi-ye dowlati'). You can write sophisticated analyses of civil society: 'The autonomy of non-governmental organizations is a prerequisite for a vibrant civil society' (Esteghlal-e sazman-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati pish-shart-e yek jame'e-ye madani-ye pouya ast). You should be comfortable using the word in legal contexts, distinguishing between amval-e dowlati (state property) and amval-e gheyr-e dowlati. At this level, you can also explore the etymology of the word and how the prefix 'gheyr' functions across the Persian language to create hundreds of technical terms. You are expected to have a high level of accuracy in your Ezafe usage and to be able to switch between gheyr-e dowlati, khosousi, and mardom-nahad based on the subtle connotations you wish to convey. Your speech should sound natural and educated, reflecting an awareness of how these terms are used by Iranian intellectuals and policymakers.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of غیردولتی and its place in the broader tapestry of Persian sociopolitical discourse. You can engage in high-level academic debates about the 'shrinking of the state' and the theoretical foundations of non-governmental governance. You can analyze the evolution of the term from the post-revolutionary era to the present day, noting how its meaning has shifted in response to economic crises and social movements. You can use the word in complex, multi-clause sentences with perfect grammatical accuracy: 'While the government ostensibly encourages non-governmental initiatives, the regulatory framework often remains prohibitively bureaucratic' (Agarche dowlat be zaher az eghdamat-e gheyr-e dowlati hemayat mikonad, ama charchoub-ha-ye ghanuni aghlab be sheddat borokratik baghi mande-and). You should be able to appreciate and use the word in literary or high-journalistic styles, perhaps in an editorial for a major newspaper. Your understanding includes the historical context of how 'gheyr-e dowlati' schools were re-introduced in Iran and the sociological impact of this change. You can also discuss the linguistic influence of Arabic on Persian through the 'gheyr' prefix and how such loan-compounds have become indispensable to modern Persian. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for sophisticated cultural and structural analysis of the Iranian state and society.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

غیردولتی en 30 secondes

  • A compound adjective meaning 'non-governmental' or 'private', used for schools, NGOs, and businesses.
  • Formed by 'Gheyr' (non) and 'Dowlati' (governmental), connected by the Ezafe sound.
  • Essential for understanding the distinction between public services and private/civil sector initiatives in Iran.
  • Commonly used in formal, academic, and administrative contexts rather than casual street slang.

The Persian word غیردولتی (pronounced gheyr-e dowlati) is a compound adjective of significant importance in contemporary Iranian society, particularly in the realms of education, economics, and social activism. At its most basic level, it translates to 'non-governmental' or 'private.' The term is composed of two distinct parts: the prefix غیر (gheyr), which serves as a negator meaning 'non-' or 'other than,' and the adjective دولتی (dowlati), which means 'governmental' or 'state-related.' When joined by the Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound), they form a single conceptual unit that describes any entity, institution, or initiative that operates outside the direct control, funding, or administrative hierarchy of the central government. In the Iranian context, this word is most frequently encountered when discussing schools. Since the late 1980s, the Iranian education system has allowed for the establishment of madaares-e gheyr-e dowlati (non-governmental schools), which charge tuition and offer varied curricula compared to the standard public schools. However, the word's utility extends far beyond the classroom. It is the standard term used to describe NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations), known in Persian as sazman-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati. In these contexts, the word carries a connotation of independence, community-driven effort, and sometimes, a higher quality of service or specialized focus that state institutions might lack. Understanding this word is crucial for any learner aiming to navigate formal documents, news reports, or social discussions in Iran, as it delineates the boundary between the state sector and the burgeoning private or civil sectors. It is not merely a technical term; it reflects the shifting landscape of Iranian governance and the increasing role of private citizens in providing services that were once the sole domain of the state.

Morphology
The word is a compound formed by the Arabic loanword 'Gheyr' and the Persian-suffixed 'Dowlat' + 'i'.
Semantic Range
Covers everything from private hospitals and universities to charitable foundations and environmental groups.

بسیاری از والدین ترجیح می‌دهند فرزندان خود را به مدارس غیردولتی بفرستند تا از امکانات آموزشی بهتری بهره‌مند شوند.

سازمان‌های غیردولتی در زمان زلزله کمک‌های مردمی زیادی جمع‌آوری کردند.

بخش غیردولتی در اقتصاد ایران در حال رشد است.

دانشگاه‌های غیردولتی معمولاً شهریه دریافت می‌کنند.

این پروژه با سرمایه‌گذاری نهادهای غیردولتی تکمیل شد.

Using غیردولتی correctly requires an understanding of Persian syntax, specifically the Ezafe. Because it is an adjective, it almost always follows the noun it modifies, connected by the short vowel 'e'. For instance, in 'a non-governmental organization,' the noun 'organization' (sazman) comes first: sazman-e gheyr-e dowlati. It is important to note that 'gheyr-e dowlati' is itself a compound, but it behaves as a single adjectival unit. In formal writing, you will see it used to distinguish between public and private sectors. For example, when discussing the budget, an economist might say, 'The non-governmental sector needs more incentives,' which in Persian would be bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati be mahragh-ha-ye bishtari niaz darad. Furthermore, the word can be used as a predicate adjective with the verb 'to be' (budan). You might say, 'This hospital is non-governmental' (in bimarestan gheyr-e dowlati ast). In this case, the Ezafe is not used between the noun and the adjective because the adjective is part of the predicate. Another common usage is in the plural form of the nouns it modifies. If you are talking about 'non-governmental schools,' you would say madaares-e gheyr-e dowlati. The adjective itself does not change for plurality, which simplifies its usage. One should also be aware of its role in legal and bureaucratic terminology. In Iran, the 'Supreme Council of Non-Governmental Schools' is a real administrative body. When using the word in a sentence, consider the level of formality. While it is a standard word, it leans toward the formal or semi-formal register. In very casual conversation, people might simply use 'khosousi' (private) to mean the same thing, but in any professional or academic setting, 'gheyr-e dowlati' is the precise and expected term. It also appears in critiques of the state; activists often call for more 'gheyr-e dowlati' oversight to ensure transparency. Thus, the word carries a weight of civic responsibility and independence. When constructing sentences, pay attention to the nouns it commonly pairs with: madrase (school), sazman (organization), bakhsh (sector), nahad (institution), and sarmaye-gozari (investment).

Syntax Rule
Noun + Ezafe (-e) + غیردولتی. Example: مؤسسه غیردولتی (Non-governmental institute).

دولت باید از پروژه‌های غیردولتی حمایت مالی کند.

آیا این یک سازمان غیردولتی بین‌المللی است؟

او در یک کلینیک غیردولتی کار می‌کند.

In everyday Iranian life, you will hear the word غیردولتی most frequently in discussions about education and social welfare. If you are walking down a street in Tehran, you might see large signs for 'Madrese-ye Gheyr-e Dowlati' (Non-Governmental School). Parents often debate the merits of these schools over state schools, discussing tuition fees (shahriye) and the quality of teachers. In the news, particularly on channels like IRINN or in newspapers like 'Etemad' or 'Kayhan,' the term is ubiquitous in reports about the economy. You will hear phrases like 'tashvigh-e bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati' (encouraging the non-governmental sector) as part of the government's efforts to privatize industries under Article 44 of the Constitution. Another common setting is during environmental or humanitarian crises. When floods or earthquakes occur, news broadcasts highlight the role of sazman-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati (NGOs) in delivering aid. This has given the word a positive association with volunteerism and civic duty. In academic circles, professors of sociology or political science use it to discuss the 'civil society' (jame'e-ye madani), where non-governmental institutions act as a bridge between the individual and the state. You will also find it in job advertisements; a position might be listed as being in a 'nahad-e gheyr-e dowlati,' which tells the applicant that the salary and regulations will differ from government employment. During election cycles, candidates often talk about 'kouchak-sazi-ye dowlat' (downsizing the government) and transferring responsibilities to 'bakhsh-ha-ye gheyr-e dowlati.' This makes the word part of the core political vocabulary of the country. Even in the legal field, lawyers distinguish between public and private property using this term. For a learner, hearing this word should immediately trigger a mental map of 'private,' 'independent,' and 'tuition-based' or 'funded by the people.' It is a word that signals a departure from the state-centric model that has historically dominated the Iranian economy and social structure.

Context: Education
Heard constantly in August and September during school enrollment periods.
Context: News
Used in financial reports regarding privatization and the stock market.

اخبار اعلام کرد که نقش بخش غیردولتی در تولید ملی افزایش یافته است.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing غیردولتی with khosousi (private). While they are often interchangeable in casual speech, they have different nuances in technical and legal contexts. Khosousi generally refers to ownership by an individual or a private company for profit. Gheyr-e dowlati is a broader term that includes non-profit organizations, charities, and institutions that may not be 'private' in the commercial sense but are simply not part of the government. For example, a large charity foundation might be 'gheyr-e dowlati' but it wouldn't necessarily be called 'khosousi' if it doesn't have a private owner seeking profit. Another mistake is the misplacement of the Ezafe. Beginners often say gheyr-e dowlati madrase instead of madrase-ye gheyr-e dowlati. In Persian, the adjective must follow the noun. Furthermore, some learners forget the 'e' sound (Ezafe) between 'gheyr' and 'dowlati'. It is not 'gheyr dowlati' (two separate words without connection); it is a bound compound: gheyr-e dowlati. Another error is using 'gheyr-e dowlati' to mean 'illegal.' Because 'gheyr' is a negator, some assume it can negate any positive attribute to mean something bad. However, 'illegal' is gheyr-e ghanuni. 'Gheyr-e dowlati' is a neutral descriptive term about administrative status, not a moral or legal judgment. Additionally, learners sometimes confuse it with azad (free/open). In the context of universities, 'Daneshgah-e Azad' (Islamic Azad University) is a specific non-governmental institution, but 'azad' is part of its proper name, while 'gheyr-e dowlati' is its category. You wouldn't call a private school a 'madrase-ye azad' unless that was its specific name. Finally, avoid using 'gheyr-e dowlati' to describe people. You can describe an organization as non-governmental, but you cannot describe a person as 'non-governmental' to mean they are a private citizen; for that, you would use shakhs-e haghighi or simply fard-e adi. Understanding these distinctions will prevent you from sounding like a novice and help you master the subtleties of Persian administrative and social vocabulary.

Mistake: Word Order
Incorrect: غیردولتی سازمان. Correct: سازمان غیردولتی.
Mistake: Confusing with 'Illegal'
Gheyr-e dowlati means 'not state-run', not 'against the law'.

اشتباه: این کار غیردولتی است (به معنی غیرقانونی). درست: این کار غیرقانونی است.

To truly master the concept of غیردولتی, it is helpful to compare it with several related terms that occupy the same semantic space. The most prominent alternative is khosousi (خصوصی). While both mean 'private,' khosousi is more common in business and personal life (e.g., 'private life' is zendegi-ye khosousi, never gheyr-e dowlati). In economics, 'the private sector' is bakhsh-e khosousi, but 'non-governmental sector' (bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati) is often used in legislation to be more inclusive of cooperatives and charities. Another related term is mardom-nahad (مردم‌نهاد). This is a relatively new, 'pure' Persian term often used to translate 'NGO' as 'people-founded organization' (sazman-e mardom-nahad, or abbreviated as 'Saman'). This word has a more grassroots, positive connotation than the technical 'gheyr-e dowlati.' Then there is mustaghel (مستقل), meaning 'independent.' An organization might be 'mustaghel' from both the government and large corporations. While all 'mustaghel' organizations are 'gheyr-e dowlati,' not all 'gheyr-e dowlati' entities are truly independent (some may still rely on state subsidies). For schools, you might encounter gheyr-e entefa'i (غیرانتفاعی), which literally means 'non-profit.' For many years, all private schools in Iran were legally required to be non-profit, so this term became a synonym for private education. Even though the law changed and they are now officially 'gheyr-e dowlati,' many people still use the old term. In the realm of universities, azad (آزاد) and payam-e nour are specific types of non-state or semi-state institutions. Finally, madani (مدنی) refers to 'civil,' as in jame'e-ye madani (civil society). This describes the space where non-governmental activity happens. Understanding these synonyms allows a learner to choose the right 'flavor' of the word based on whether they want to sound technical, grassroots, or slightly old-fashioned.

Comparison: خصوصی (Khosousi)
More personal or profit-oriented. Used for 'private property' or 'private conversation'.
Comparison: مردم‌نهاد (Mardom-nahad)
Specifically used for NGOs and community groups. Sounds more modern and 'Persian'.
Comparison: غیرانتفاعی (Gheyr-e Entefa'i)
Specifically means 'non-profit'. Very common in the context of private schools.

تفاوت اصلی بین بخش غیردولتی و خصوصی در ساختار حقوقی آن‌هاست.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

""

Neutre

""

Informel

""

Child friendly

""

Argot

""

Le savais-tu ?

In classical Persian poetry, 'Dowlat' often meant 'happiness' or 'wealth' rather than 'government.' So, 'Gheyr-e dowlati' in an ancient context might have meant 'unlucky'!

Guide de prononciation

UK /ɢejɾe dowleˈti/
US /ɢeɪre dowlæˈti/
The primary stress is on the final syllable '-ti' of 'dowlati'.
Rime avec
دولتی (Dowlati) صنعتی (San'ati) قیمتی (Gheymati) خدمتی (Khedmati) قدرتی (Ghodrati) صورتی (Surati) ملتی (Mellati) فرصتی (Forsati)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing 'Gheyr' as 'Gayer' (incorrect vowel).
  • Omitting the Ezafe 'e' between the two words.
  • Pronouncing 'Dow' like 'Down' (it should be like 'Low').
  • Putting stress on the first syllable 'Gheyr'.
  • Merging the two words into one without the linking vowel.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

The word is long but follows a logical compound structure.

Écriture 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'Gheyr' and 'Dowlati' and proper Ezafe usage.

Expression orale 3/5

Pronunciation is rhythmic and satisfying once mastered.

Écoute 3/5

Easily recognizable in news and formal speech.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

دولت (Government) غیر (Non/Other) مدرسه (School) بخش (Sector) سازمان (Organization)

Apprends ensuite

خصوصی‌سازی (Privatization) جامعه مدنی (Civil society) خیریه (Charity) سرمایه‌گذاری (Investment) مستقل (Independent)

Avancé

تصدی‌گری (Governance/Management) برون‌سپاری (Outsourcing) حاکمیت (Sovereignty) تشکل (Association) انتفاعی (Profit-oriented)

Grammaire à connaître

Ezafe Construction

مدرسهِ غیردولتی (The short 'e' connects the noun to the adjective).

Negative Prefix 'Gheyr'

غیرقانونی (Illegal), غیرممکن (Impossible).

Adjective Placement

Adjectives always follow the noun in Persian.

Arabic Loanword Integration

'Gheyr' is Arabic but functions as a native Persian prefix.

Predicate vs. Attributive

In 'این مدرسه غیردولتی است', no Ezafe is used between school and adjective.

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Exemples par niveau

1

این یک مدرسه غیردولتی است.

This is a non-governmental school.

Simple sentence: Subject + Adjective + Verb.

2

او در بیمارستان غیردولتی کار می‌کند.

He works in a non-governmental hospital.

Prepositional phrase with Ezafe.

3

آیا این دانشگاه غیردولتی است؟

Is this university non-governmental?

Question form.

4

من مدارس غیردولتی را دوست دارم.

I like non-governmental schools.

Plural noun with adjective.

5

این کتابخانه غیردولتی است.

This library is non-governmental.

Predicate adjective.

6

ما به یک مرکز غیردولتی رفتیم.

We went to a non-governmental center.

Past tense verb.

7

نام این مؤسسه غیردولتی چیست؟

What is the name of this non-governmental institute?

Possessive construction.

8

بسیاری از مهدکودک‌ها غیردولتی هستند.

Many kindergartens are non-governmental.

Plural subject and verb.

1

والدین من برای مدرسه غیردولتی پول می‌دهند.

My parents pay money for the non-governmental school.

Present continuous sense.

2

در این شهر چند درمانگاه غیردولتی وجود دارد.

There are several non-governmental clinics in this city.

Existential sentence.

3

او می‌خواهد یک سازمان غیردولتی کوچک بسازد.

She wants to build a small non-governmental organization.

Infinitive construction.

4

بخش غیردولتی خدمات خوبی ارائه می‌دهد.

The non-governmental sector provides good services.

Subject-Verb-Object.

5

آیا شما در یک شرکت غیردولتی کار می‌کنید؟

Do you work in a non-governmental company?

Direct address question.

6

این پارک توسط یک نهاد غیردولتی ساخته شد.

This park was built by a non-governmental institution.

Passive voice.

7

ما باید از گروه‌های غیردولتی حمایت کنیم.

We must support non-governmental groups.

Modal verb 'must'.

8

آموزش در مدارس غیردولتی متفاوت است.

Education in non-governmental schools is different.

Adjective modifying a noun in a prepositional phrase.

1

سازمان‌های غیردولتی در حفاظت از محیط زیست فعال هستند.

Non-governmental organizations are active in protecting the environment.

Complex subject with plural adjective.

2

دولت باید برخی از وظایف خود را به بخش غیردولتی واگذار کند.

The government should delegate some of its duties to the non-governmental sector.

Compound verb 'vaagozar kardan'.

3

بسیاری از خیریه‌ها به عنوان نهادهای غیردولتی ثبت شده‌اند.

Many charities are registered as non-governmental institutions.

Passive present perfect.

4

او مقاله‌ای درباره تاریخ مدارس غیردولتی در ایران نوشت.

He wrote an article about the history of non-governmental schools in Iran.

Complex noun phrase.

5

سرمایه‌گذاری در پروژه‌های غیردولتی می‌تواند سودآور باشد.

Investing in non-governmental projects can be profitable.

Gerund subject.

6

این کنفرانس توسط چندین سازمان غیردولتی بین‌المللی برگزار شد.

This conference was held by several international non-governmental organizations.

Multiple adjectives modifying one noun.

7

نقش بخش غیردولتی در کاهش فقر بسیار حیاتی است.

The role of the non-governmental sector in reducing poverty is very vital.

Abstract noun phrase.

8

آیا قوانین جدید بر فعالیت‌های غیردولتی تأثیر می‌گذارد؟

Do the new laws affect non-governmental activities?

Interrogative with complex subject.

1

توسعه اقتصادی بدون مشارکت فعال بخش غیردولتی امکان‌پذیر نیست.

Economic development is not possible without the active participation of the non-governmental sector.

Negative conditional sense.

2

نهادهای غیردولتی به عنوان پل ارتباطی میان مردم و حاکمیت عمل می‌کنند.

Non-governmental institutions act as a bridge between the people and the sovereignty.

Metaphorical usage.

3

شفافیت مالی در سازمان‌های غیردولتی برای جلب اعتماد عمومی ضروری است.

Financial transparency in non-governmental organizations is essential to attract public trust.

Complex subject-predicate structure.

4

برخی منتقدان معتقدند که گسترش مدارس غیردولتی به عدالت آموزشی آسیب می‌زند.

Some critics believe that the expansion of non-governmental schools harms educational justice.

Subordinate clause with 'ke'.

5

این پروژه نمونه موفقی از همکاری میان بخش‌های دولتی و غیردولتی است.

This project is a successful example of cooperation between the governmental and non-governmental sectors.

Coordinating conjunction between adjectives.

6

نظارت بر عملکرد مؤسسات غیردولتی بر عهده وزارتخانه مربوطه است.

Supervising the performance of non-governmental institutes is the responsibility of the relevant ministry.

Compound subject phrase.

7

بسیاری از فارغ‌التحصیلان جذب بازار کار غیردولتی می‌شوند.

Many graduates are absorbed into the non-governmental labor market.

Passive voice with 'shodan'.

8

آیین‌نامه جدید فعالیت‌های غیردولتی در حوزه سلامت را تسهیل می‌کند.

The new regulation facilitates non-governmental activities in the healthcare sector.

Subject-Verb-Object with complex object.

1

استقلال ساختاری نهادهای غیردولتی ضامن پویایی جامعه مدنی است.

The structural independence of non-governmental institutions guarantees the dynamism of civil society.

Formal academic register.

2

خصوصی‌سازی نباید به معنای رها کردن مسئولیت‌های اجتماعی توسط بخش غیردولتی باشد.

Privatization should not mean the abandonment of social responsibilities by the non-governmental sector.

Complex negation with modal.

3

واکاوی نقش تشکل‌های غیردولتی در سیاست‌گذاری‌های عمومی اهمیت بسزایی دارد.

Analyzing the role of non-governmental associations in public policymaking is of great importance.

High-level vocabulary (vaakavi).

4

تعدد مراکز غیردولتی در حوزه‌های فرهنگی نشان‌دهنده تکثرگرایی در جامعه است.

The multiplicity of non-governmental centers in cultural fields indicates pluralism in society.

Abstract conceptual sentence.

5

چالش‌های پیش روی سازمان‌های غیردولتی شامل محدودیت‌های قانونی و کمبود منابع مالی است.

The challenges facing non-governmental organizations include legal restrictions and a lack of financial resources.

Participial phrase (pish-e rou).

6

باید مرز دقیقی میان فعالیت‌های سیاسی و کنشگری‌های غیردولتی ترسیم شود.

A precise boundary must be drawn between political activities and non-governmental activism.

Passive with 'tarsim shodan'.

7

تأثیرگذاری نهادهای غیردولتی بر افکار عمومی از طریق رسانه‌های نوین افزایش یافته است.

The influence of non-governmental institutions on public opinion has increased through modern media.

Present perfect with prepositional means.

8

ارزیابی اثربخشی پروژه‌های غیردولتی نیازمند شاخص‌های دقیق و علمی است.

Evaluating the effectiveness of non-governmental projects requires precise and scientific indicators.

Gerund subject with complex object.

1

دیالکتیک میان اقتدار دولت و خودمختاری نهادهای غیردولتی محور اصلی فلسفه سیاسی مدرن است.

The dialectic between state authority and the autonomy of non-governmental institutions is the main axis of modern political philosophy.

Highly abstract philosophical register.

2

برون‌سپاری خدمات حاکمیتی به بازیگران غیردولتی مستلزم بازتعریف مفهوم خیر عمومی است.

Outsourcing sovereign services to non-governmental actors necessitates a redefinition of the concept of the public good.

Technical terminology (boroun-separi).

3

تقلیل نقش سازمان‌های غیردولتی به بازوهای اجرایی دولت، ناقض فلسفه وجودی آن‌هاست.

Reducing the role of non-governmental organizations to executive arms of the government violates their raison d'être.

Complex nominalization.

4

پارادایم حاکم بر تعاملات دولت و بخش غیردولتی در دهه‌های اخیر دستخوش تحولات بنیادین شده است.

The paradigm governing interactions between the state and the non-governmental sector has undergone fundamental transformations in recent decades.

Sophisticated verb phrase (dastkhosh-e tahavolat shodan).

5

توازن قوا در عرصه عمومی منوط به تقویت زیرساخت‌های حقوقی فعالیت‌های غیردولتی است.

The balance of power in the public sphere depends on strengthening the legal infrastructure for non-governmental activities.

Conditional construction (monout be).

6

پدیدارشناسی کنشگری در نهادهای غیردولتی ابعاد پنهان مشارکت مدنی را آشکار می‌سازد.

The phenomenology of activism in non-governmental institutions reveals the hidden dimensions of civic participation.

Interdisciplinary academic language.

7

تداخل منافع در پروژه‌های مشترک دولتی و غیردولتی می‌تواند منجر به فرسایش سرمایه اجتماعی شود.

Conflict of interest in joint governmental and non-governmental projects can lead to the erosion of social capital.

Causal construction with 'monjar be'.

8

نقد ساختاری بر عملکرد مدارس غیردولتی بر بازتولید نابرابری‌های طبقاتی تمرکز دارد.

Structural criticism of the performance of non-governmental schools focuses on the reproduction of class inequalities.

Sociological terminology.

Collocations courantes

سازمان غیردولتی
مدرسه غیردولتی
بخش غیردولتی
نهاد غیردولتی
دانشگاه غیردولتی
سرمایه‌گذاری غیردولتی
بیمارستان غیردولتی
تشکل غیردولتی
مرکز غیردولتی
خدمات غیردولتی

Phrases Courantes

به صورت غیردولتی

— In a non-governmental manner or through private means.

این پروژه به صورت غیردولتی اداره می‌شود.

تحت مدیریت غیردولتی

— Under non-governmental management.

مدرسه تحت مدیریت غیردولتی است.

با بودجه غیردولتی

— With a non-governmental budget (private funding).

ساختمان با بودجه غیردولتی ساخته شد.

در سطح غیردولتی

— At a non-governmental level.

همکاری‌ها در سطح غیردولتی ادامه دارد.

به نفع بخش غیردولتی

— In favor of the non-governmental sector.

قانون به نفع بخش غیردولتی تغییر کرد.

مشارکت غیردولتی

— Non-governmental participation.

مشارکت غیردولتی در حفظ آثار باستانی.

ظرفیت‌های غیردولتی

— Non-governmental capacities/potentials.

استفاده از ظرفیت‌های غیردولتی کشور.

حمایت از غیردولتی‌ها

— Supporting non-governmental entities (informal plural).

دولت وعده حمایت از غیردولتی‌ها را داد.

ساز و کار غیردولتی

— Non-governmental mechanism.

ایجاد ساز و کار غیردولتی برای توزیع کالا.

ابتکارات غیردولتی

— Non-governmental initiatives.

تشویق ابتکارات غیردولتی در هنر.

Souvent confondu avec

غیردولتی vs غیرقانونی

Means 'illegal'. Don't use 'gheyr-e dowlati' to mean something is against the law.

غیردولتی vs خصوصی

Means 'private'. While similar, 'gheyr-e dowlati' is the official administrative term.

غیردولتی vs آزاد

Means 'free/open'. Specifically refers to the 'Azad University' system, not all private entities.

Expressions idiomatiques

"دست دولت را کوتاه کردن"

— To reduce the government's involvement or interference, often by empowering the non-governmental sector.

باید دست دولت را از اقتصاد کوتاه کرد.

Journalistic/Political
"سپردن کار به کاردان (غیردولتی)"

— Entrusting the work to the experts (often implying the efficient non-governmental sector).

باید کار را به بخش غیردولتی سپرد.

Common
"روی پای خود ایستادن"

— To stand on one's own feet, often used to describe the self-sufficiency of non-governmental groups.

این سازمان غیردولتی روی پای خود ایستاده است.

Informal
"مردمی کردن امور"

— Making affairs 'popular' or community-based, a common euphemism for shifting to non-governmental control.

هدف ما مردمی کردن آموزش است.

Political
"خارج از بدنه دولت"

— Outside the government body/structure.

او ترجیح می‌دهد خارج از بدنه دولت فعالیت کند.

Formal
"سفره دولت را جمع کردن"

— To end government subsidies or direct control (lit. to fold the government's tablecloth).

با غیردولتی شدن، سفره دولت جمع شد.

Metaphorical
"صدای جامعه مدنی"

— The voice of civil society, often represented by non-governmental groups.

سازمان‌های غیردولتی صدای جامعه مدنی هستند.

Academic
"بازوی کمکی دولت"

— The helping arm of the government, referring to how NGOs assist the state.

بخش غیردولتی بازوی کمکی دولت در بحران‌هاست.

Formal
"چتر حمایتی غیردولتی"

— Non-governmental support umbrella.

ایجاد چتر حمایتی غیردولتی برای هنرمندان.

Formal
"پل میان مردم و دولت"

— A bridge between the people and the government.

نهادهای غیردولتی پل میان مردم و دولت هستند.

Common

Facile à confondre

غیردولتی vs غیرانتفاعی

Both refer to private schools.

Gheyr-e entefa'i specifically means 'non-profit', while 'gheyr-e dowlati' is the broader official term.

این مدرسه قبلاً غیرانتفاعی نامیده می‌شد.

غیردولتی vs مستقل

Both imply being away from the government.

Mustaghel means 'independent' (autonomy), while 'gheyr-e dowlati' defines the legal status.

او یک روزنامه‌نگار مستقل است.

غیردولتی vs مردمی

Both relate to the non-state sector.

Mardomi is more emotional/populist, 'gheyr-e dowlati' is bureaucratic.

کمک‌های مردمی به سیل‌زدگان.

غیردولتی vs شخصی

Both mean 'not public'.

Shakhsi is for individuals (personal), 'gheyr-e dowlati' is for institutions.

این یک نظر شخصی است.

غیردولتی vs مدنی

Both involve civil activity.

Madani refers to 'civil' (as in civil law or society), 'gheyr-e dowlati' to the organization type.

حقوق مدنی شهروندان.

Structures de phrases

A1

این [اسم] غیردولتی است.

این مدرسه غیردولتی است.

A2

من در یک [اسم] غیردولتی کار می‌کنم.

من در یک شرکت غیردولتی کار می‌کنم.

B1

[اسم]های غیردولتی باید [فعل].

سازمان‌های غیردولتی باید کمک کنند.

B2

بخش غیردولتی نقش مهمی در [اسم] دارد.

بخش غیردولتی نقش مهمی در اقتصاد دارد.

C1

توسعه [اسم] منوط به تقویت بخش غیردولتی است.

توسعه کشور منوط به تقویت بخش غیردولتی است.

C2

دیالکتیک میان [اسم] و نهادهای غیردولتی...

دیالکتیک میان دولت و نهادهای غیردولتی پیچیده است.

B1

تفاوت بین [اسم] دولتی و غیردولتی...

تفاوت بین دانشگاه دولتی و غیردولتی زیاد است.

A2

آیا [اسم] غیردولتی گران است؟

آیا بیمارستان غیردولتی گران است؟

Famille de mots

Noms

Verbes

Adjectifs

Apparenté

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely frequent in news, education, and business.

Erreurs courantes
  • مدرسه غیردولتی (without Ezafe in speech) → Madrase-ye gheyr-e dowlati

    The Ezafe is crucial for connecting the noun to the adjective.

  • استفاده از غیردولتی برای 'غیرقانونی' → غیرقانونی

    Don't confuse 'non-governmental' with 'illegal'.

  • غیردولتی سازمان → سازمان غیردولتی

    Adjectives must follow the noun in Persian.

  • زندگی غیردولتی → زندگی خصوصی

    Use 'khosousi' for personal life, not 'gheyr-e dowlati'.

  • غیردولتی‌‌ها (referring to people) → کارکنان بخش غیردولتی

    The word refers to sectors/entities, not the people themselves as a noun.

Astuces

Master the Ezafe

Always remember the short 'e' sound when connecting a noun to 'غیردولتی'. It's 'madrase-ye gheyr-e dowlati'.

Prefix Power

Learn 'Gheyr' as a prefix. Once you know it, you can understand words like 'غیرقانونی' (illegal) and 'غیرممکن' (impossible).

School Talk

If you are in Iran, people will often ask if your kids go to a 'dowlati' or 'gheyr-e dowlati' school. It's a common social marker.

Resume Tip

If you worked for an NGO, list it as 'سازمان غیردولتی' on your Persian CV.

Newspaper Scan

Scan the economic section of an Iranian newspaper. You will see 'بخش غیردولتی' in almost every article.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'غیردولتی' for institutions and 'خصوصی' for personal things like 'private party' (mehmuni-ye khosousi).

News Keywords

In news broadcasts, 'غیردولتی' is often followed by 'حمایت' (support) or 'نظارت' (supervision).

Compound Clarity

Write it as two words joined by a space or half-space, but remember they function as one adjective.

The 'G' and 'D'

G is for 'Gheyr' (Not), D is for 'Dowlat' (Gov). G-D = Private.

Arabic Roots

Recognizing Arabic roots like 'Dowlat' helps you learn related words in other Middle Eastern languages too.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Gheyr' as 'Gear' (changing the gear away from the state) and 'Dowlat' as 'Dough' (the government's money). 'Gheyr-e Dowlati' means 'No Government Dough'—it's private!

Association visuelle

Imagine a school building with a big 'X' over a government seal, and a group of parents holding a 'Private' sign.

Word Web

مدرسه (School) سازمان (Organization) خصوصی (Private) استقلال (Independence) شهریه (Tuition) مردم (People) خیریه (Charity) بخش (Sector)

Défi

Try to find three signs for 'Gheyr-e Dowlati' schools on Google Maps in Tehran. Write down their full names.

Origine du mot

The word is a hybrid compound. 'Gheyr' (غیر) is an Arabic loanword used in Persian as a prefix to mean 'non-' or 'other'. 'Dowlat' (دولت) also comes from Arabic, originally meaning 'turn' or 'change of fortune,' which evolved into 'state' or 'government.' The suffix '-i' (ی) is Persian, used to turn nouns into adjectives.

Sens originel : Originally, it would have meant 'something other than the state's fortune or power.'

Indo-European (Persian) with Semitic (Arabic) loan components.

Contexte culturel

Be aware that discussing the privatization of schools can be a sensitive political topic in Iran, as it relates to economic inequality.

In English, we often just say 'private' or 'non-profit'. 'Non-governmental' sounds more technical or related to international aid.

MAHAK (A famous Iranian non-governmental charity for children with cancer). Islamic Azad University (The world's largest non-governmental university system). Article 44 of the Iranian Constitution (The legal basis for the non-governmental sector).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Education

  • شهریه مدرسه غیردولتی
  • کیفیت آموزشی غیردولتی
  • ثبت‌نام غیردولتی
  • مجوز مدرسه غیردولتی

NGOs / Activism

  • تأسیس سازمان غیردولتی
  • بودجه غیردولتی
  • داوطلب غیردولتی
  • اهداف غیردولتی

Economics

  • رشد بخش غیردولتی
  • سرمایه غیردولتی
  • رقابت غیردولتی
  • خصوصی‌سازی غیردولتی

Healthcare

  • بیمارستان غیردولتی
  • کلینیک غیردولتی
  • بیمه غیردولتی
  • تعرفه غیردولتی

Legal/Administrative

  • نهاد غیردولتی عمومی
  • شخصیت حقوقی غیردولتی
  • آیین‌نامه غیردولتی
  • نظارت غیردولتی

Amorces de conversation

"آیا شما ترجیح می‌دهید در یک سازمان غیردولتی کار کنید یا دولتی؟"

"به نظر شما کیفیت مدارس غیردولتی در ایران چگونه است؟"

"نقش سازمان‌های غیردولتی در حل مشکلات محیط زیستی چیست؟"

"چرا هزینه‌های بیمارستان‌های غیردولتی اینقدر زیاد است؟"

"آیا بخش غیردولتی می‌تواند به تنهایی اقتصاد را نجات دهد؟"

Sujets d'écriture

تجربه خود را از تحصیل یا کار در یک محیط غیردولتی بنویسید.

مزایا و معایب خصوصی‌سازی و گسترش بخش غیردولتی را تحلیل کنید.

اگر بخواهید یک سازمان غیردولتی بسازید، هدف آن چه خواهد بود؟

تفاوت‌های فرهنگی بین محیط‌های کاری دولتی و غیردولتی را توصیف کنید.

نقش نهادهای غیردولتی در زمان بحران‌هایی مثل زلزله یا بیماری را بررسی کنید.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, non-governmental (gheyr-e dowlati) schools usually charge tuition fees, unlike public (dowlati) schools which are free.

'Khosousi' is a general word for private, while 'gheyr-e dowlati' is the official term used by the government to classify non-state entities.

Yes, by definition. In Persian, NGO is translated as 'Sazman-e Gheyr-e Dowlati'.

No, the term is used for institutions, sectors, or organizations, not individuals.

The 'e' is the Ezafe, which links the noun to the adjective. Without it, the phrase is grammatically incomplete.

Yes, it is the largest non-governmental university system in Iran.

Yes, it is a prefix used to negate the word that follows it, similar to 'un-' or 'non-'.

It is neutral. However, in education, it often implies better quality but higher cost.

Yes, especially in formal economic discussions, though 'bakhsh-e khosousi' is also very common.

Yes, it is the standard formal term for non-state entities in official correspondence.

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Teste-toi 200 questions

writing

Write a sentence using 'سازمان غیردولتی' (NGO).

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Compare a public school and a non-governmental school in Persian.

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writing

Explain why some people prefer 'بیمارستان غیردولتی'.

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writing

Write a short paragraph about the role of the 'بخش غیردولتی' in the economy.

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writing

Create an advertisement for a 'مدرسه غیردولتی'.

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writing

Describe a famous Iranian 'نهاد غیردولتی' like MAHAK.

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writing

Write a formal letter to a 'سازمان غیردولتی' asking for a job.

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writing

Discuss the challenges of 'خصوصی‌سازی' in Iran using the word 'غیردولتی'.

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writing

How does 'جامعه مدنی' relate to 'نهادهای غیردولتی'? (100 words)

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writing

Write 5 collocations for the word 'غیردولتی'.

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writing

Translate: 'The non-governmental sector needs more support.'

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writing

Explain the difference between 'دولتی' and 'غیردولتی' to a child.

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writing

Write a sentence using 'دانشگاه غیردولتی'.

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writing

Translate: 'Many NGOs are active in environmental protection.'

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writing

Discuss the impact of 'غیردولتی' schools on educational equality.

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writing

Write a dialogue between two parents choosing a school.

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writing

Translate: 'This project is funded by a non-governmental institution.'

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writing

What are the pros and cons of 'بیمارستان‌های غیردولتی'?

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writing

Write a sentence using 'سرمایه‌گذاری غیردولتی'.

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writing

Summarize the importance of NGOs in 3 sentences.

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speaking

Pronounce 'غیردولتی' 5 times clearly.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Describe your school or office. Is it 'dowlati' or 'gheyr-e dowlati'?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Talk for one minute about the benefits of NGOs.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Debate: Should all schools be governmental?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Explain the concept of 'privatization' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Role-play: A parent asking about fees at a 'madrase-ye gheyr-e dowlati'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Give a presentation on 'Civil Society' and 'NGOs'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Discuss the impact of non-governmental sectors on a country's development.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Tell a story about someone who started a 'sazman-e gheyr-e dowlati'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Explain the difference between 'khosousi' and 'gheyr-e dowlati' to a classmate.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Talk about a non-governmental organization you support.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

How do you say 'Non-governmental university' in Persian?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Describe a 'bimarestan-e gheyr-e dowlati' you have visited.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Discuss the pros and cons of 'gheyr-e dowlati' education.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

What is the role of 'bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati' in environmental issues?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Use the word 'غیردولتی' in a sentence about technology.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Explain 'Article 44' in simple terms.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Role-play: An interview for a job at an NGO.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Talk about the history of the word 'Dowlat'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Summarize a news report about the non-governmental sector.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a news clip and count how many times they say 'غیردولتی'.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a podcast about NGOs and summarize the main point.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Identify if a speaker is talking about a public or private school.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a speech about privatization and note the key terms.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a dialogue between a doctor and a patient in a private clinic.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to an advertisement for a 'madrase-ye gheyr-e dowlati'.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a formal lecture on civil society.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Distinguish between 'dowlati' and 'gheyr-e dowlati' in a fast-paced news report.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to an interview with a charity founder.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Identify the tone of a person complaining about 'gheyr-e dowlati' fees.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a financial report about 'bakhsh-e gheyr-e dowlati'.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a legal expert explaining NGO regulations.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a child talking about their private school.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to a debate about educational equality.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen for the Ezafe in the phrase 'nahad-e gheyr-e dowlati'.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 200 correct

Perfect score!

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