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B2 adjective 9 min de lecture

이질적

ijiljeok

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 이질적 en 30 secondes

Explication 이질적 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '이질적' (ijiljeok) is a very difficult word that you won't usually need. It is much better to use the simple word '다르다' (dareuda), which means 'different.' For example, instead of saying something is 'heterogeneous,' you can just say '이것과 저것은 달라요' (This and that are different). '이질적' comes from Chinese characters and is used in grown-up books and news. If you hear it, just think of it as a very strong way to say 'different.' It's like the difference between saying 'different' and 'disparate' in English. As a beginner, focus on '다르다' first. You might see the Hanja '異' (different) in some signs, which is part of this word. For now, just remember that Korean has many ways to say 'different' depending on how formal you want to be. '이질적' is at the top of that formality list. You won't use it to talk about food or clothes with friends, but you might see it in a museum or a serious documentary.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more 'Hanja' (Sino-Korean) words. '이질적' (ijiljeok) is one of those words. It is an adjective that means 'having a different nature.' You can break it down: '이' (different) + '질' (quality/nature) + '적' (suffix like '-ish' or '-ic'). So it means 'different-nature-ish.' You might encounter this word when reading short news clips or simple articles about culture. For example, '이질적인 문화' means 'a culture that is very different from mine.' It feels a bit 'foreign' or 'alien.' While you should still use '다르다' for most things, knowing '이질적' will help you understand more formal Korean. Think of it as a step up from '차이가 있다' (there is a difference). If you go to a new school and feel like you don't fit in because everyone is so different, you could say you feel an '이질감' (ijilgam - a feeling of being different). This is a common way the word is used in daily life, even if the adjective '이질적' is more for writing.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to recognize the difference between general 'difference' (다르다) and 'qualitative difference' (이질적). '이질적' is used when elements don't quite match or mix well because their fundamental characteristics are distinct. For instance, in a discussion about social integration, you might hear about '이질적인 집단' (heterogeneous groups). This implies that the groups have different values or backgrounds that make it hard for them to become one. You will also see this word in the context of the two Koreas. People often talk about the '이질화' (heterogenization) of North and South Korean society. This is a key term in intermediate-level reading passages. You should practice using this word in your writing to sound more academic. Instead of '성격이 아주 달라요' (Their personalities are very different), you could write '두 사람은 성격이 매우 이질적입니다' to emphasize that they are like oil and water. This level of precision is what separates intermediate learners from beginners.

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At the B2 level, '이질적' (ijiljeok) should be a part of your active vocabulary for formal discussions and essays. This is its 'home' level. You should understand that this word describes a lack of homogeneity. It is often used in contrast with '동질적' (homogeneous). For example, in a business context, you might discuss '이질적인 기업 문화' (disparate corporate cultures) during a merger. This implies that the ways the two companies work are fundamentally different and might cause conflict. You should also be comfortable with the noun form '이질감' (a sense of alienation or difference). This is frequently used with the verb '느끼다' (to feel) or '주다' (to give). For example, '그의 행동은 사람들에게 이질감을 주었다' (His behavior gave people a sense of alienation/strangeness). At this level, you are expected to use '이질적' to describe abstract concepts, social phenomena, and scientific mixtures. It’s an essential word for the TOPIK II exam, especially in the writing section where you need to analyze social trends or compare different viewpoints.

At the C1 level, you should master the subtle nuances and advanced collocations of '이질적.' You should be able to use it to describe complex philosophical or artistic concepts. For instance, in art criticism, you might talk about the '이질적인 매체의 결합' (the combination of disparate media) and how that creates tension or harmony. You should also be aware of its use in political science to describe '이질적인 정치 체제' (disparate political systems). At this level, you can use the word to discuss the '이질성' (heterogeneity) of a data set in statistics or the '이질적 구성' of a biological sample. You should also understand how '이질적' can sometimes have a negative connotation of 'not belonging' or 'alienation,' but can also be used neutrally or even positively in the context of 'diversity' (though '다양성' is more common for positive diversity). You should be able to fluently switch between '이질적', '상이하다', '어긋나다', and '괴리되다' depending on the exact type of 'difference' or 'gap' you want to describe.

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At the C2 level, '이질적' is a word you use with total precision in high-level academic, legal, or literary contexts. You understand its deep roots in Hanja and how it interacts with other complex terms. You might use it in a thesis to describe '이질적 요소의 통섭' (the consilience of disparate elements). You are capable of discussing the '심리적 이질감' (psychological sense of alienation) in post-modern literature or the '사회적 이질화 현상' (the phenomenon of social heterogenization) in globalized cities. You can use the word to articulate very fine distinctions, such as why a certain policy is '이질적' to the national sentiment, implying it is fundamentally at odds with the people's core values. Your usage of '이질적' and its derivatives (이질성, 이질화, 이질감) is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, and you can correctly interpret its meaning even when used in highly metaphorical or abstract ways in classical or contemporary Korean philosophy.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

이질적 en 30 secondes

Used for things fundamentally different in nature.
Formal/Academic alternative to '다르다'.
Commonly paired with 'culture', 'values', or 'elements'.
Opposite of '동질적' (homogeneous).

The Korean word 이질적 (ijiljeok) is a sophisticated Sino-Korean adjective that describes things or elements that are fundamentally different in nature, quality, or character. Derived from the Hanja characters 異 (different), 質 (quality/essence), and 的 (suffix for adjectives), it literally translates to 'having a different quality.' Unlike the common word '다르다' (dareuda), which simply means 'different' in a general sense, 이질적 carries a weightier, more academic or formal nuance. It suggests a sense of being 'alien,' 'foreign,' or 'disparate' in a way that makes integration or harmony challenging. It is frequently employed in sociological, scientific, and cultural contexts to discuss how diverse elements interact within a single system.

Sociological Context: In sociology, this term is used to describe groups of people with vastly different backgrounds, values, or traditions living within the same society. For example, a 'multicultural society' is often described as having 이질적인 문화 (heterogeneous cultures).

도시 생활은 농촌과는 매우 이질적인 환경을 제공합니다. (City life provides a very heterogeneous environment compared to rural areas.)

When Koreans use this word, they are often pointing out a lack of compatibility or a noticeable contrast that creates a sense of 'otherness.' For instance, if a new building is built in a traditional neighborhood and its architecture is modern glass and steel, locals might say the building feels 이질적 compared to the surroundings. It doesn't just mean 'different'; it means it stands out because its fundamental nature does not match the existing environment.

Scientific Application: In chemistry or physics, 이질적 describes mixtures where the components remain distinct, like oil and water. They are physically combined but 'nature-wise' disparate.

두 액체는 성질이 너무 이질적이라서 서로 섞이지 않습니다. (The two liquids are so disparate in nature that they do not mix with each other.)

Culturally, the word is also significant in the context of North and South Korea. After decades of separation, the two Koreas have developed 이질적인 언어와 문화 (heterogeneous languages and cultures). This '이질화' (heterogenization) is a major topic in discussions about reunification, as it highlights the difficulty of merging two systems that have grown so far apart in their fundamental essence.

남북한의 언어는 오랜 분단으로 인해 상당히 이질적으로 변했습니다. (The languages of North and South Korea have become significantly heterogeneous due to the long division.)

Emotional Nuance: When applied to feelings, 이질감 (a sense of difference) refers to the discomfort or alienation one feels when in a place where they don't belong.

처음 외국에 갔을 때 나는 강한 이질적인 느낌을 받았다. (When I first went abroad, I felt a strong sense of being out of place/different.)

그의 주장은 당의 노선과 너무 이질적이라 받아들이기 어렵다. (His argument is too disparate from the party's line to be accepted.)

Using 이질적 correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a descriptive noun-based adjective (often followed by '-이다' or '-인'). It is rarely used in casual, everyday speech like 'This apple is different.' Instead, it is used to describe abstract concepts, systems, or collections of things. To use it effectively, you should pair it with nouns that represent systems, cultures, groups, or characteristics.

Pattern: [Noun] + -과/와 이질적이다: This is the most common way to compare two things that are fundamentally different. It translates to 'is heterogeneous/disparate with [Noun].'

이 신기술은 기존의 방식과는 매우 이질적입니다. (This new technology is very disparate from existing methods.)

Another common pattern is using it as a modifier: 이질적인 [Noun]. This describes a noun that is inherently diverse or foreign to its context. For example, '이질적인 요소' (disparate elements) or '이질적인 문화' (heterogeneous culture). This is particularly useful when writing reports or analytical essays where you need to categorize components of a whole.

Pattern: 이질적인 + Noun: Describes a noun that possesses a different nature or consists of diverse parts.

팀 내에 이질적인 성격의 사람들이 모여 새로운 아이디어가 나왔다. (People with disparate personalities gathered in the team, and new ideas emerged.)

When discussing the process of becoming different, we use the derived noun 이질화 (ijilhwa - heterogenization). This is often used with the verb '되다' (to become) or '시키다' (to make). For example, '문화적 이질화' refers to the process of two cultures becoming increasingly different from each other over time.

그는 주변 환경에 이질적으로 반응했다. (He reacted heterogeneously/differently to the surrounding environment.)

Pattern: 이질감을 느끼다: This is a very high-frequency collocation meaning 'to feel a sense of alienation/difference.' It is used when a person feels like they don't fit in.

나는 그들의 대화에서 묘한 이질감을 느꼈다. (I felt a strange sense of alienation/difference in their conversation.)

이질적인 데이터들을 하나로 통합하는 작업은 매우 어렵다. (The task of integrating disparate data into one is very difficult.)

You will encounter 이질적 most frequently in formal settings, media, and academic literature. It is a staple word in Korean news broadcasts, especially when reporting on social issues, international relations, or scientific breakthroughs. If you are watching a Korean documentary about the differences between generations or the challenges faced by immigrants, you will almost certainly hear this word used to describe the 'clash' or 'gap' between different groups.

News & Media: News anchors use it to describe conflicting ideologies or the integration of foreign companies. For example: '두 회사의 이질적인 기업 문화가 합병의 걸림돌이 되고 있습니다' (The disparate corporate cultures of the two companies are becoming an obstacle to the merger).

전문가들은 이번 정책이 시장의 흐름과 이질적이라고 비판했습니다. (Experts criticized that this policy is disparate from the market trends.)

In university lectures, especially in the humanities and social sciences, professors use 이질적 to analyze texts, historical periods, or social structures. It allows for a more nuanced discussion than simply saying things are 'different.' It implies a qualitative gap that requires effort to bridge. For example, in a literature class, a professor might discuss how a character feels '이질적' in their own family, highlighting a deep, intrinsic sense of not belonging.

Academic Papers: In research, researchers might refer to '이질적 집단' (heterogeneous groups) when conducting studies to show that the participants come from diverse backgrounds.

연구 결과, 이질적인 구성원들로 이루어진 팀이 더 창의적인 성과를 냈습니다. (As a result of the study, teams composed of heterogeneous members produced more creative results.)

You might also hear it in the context of art and design. An artist might intentionally combine 이질적인 소재 (disparate materials), like rough stone and smooth silk, to create a sense of tension or interest. In this case, the '이질성' (heterogeneity) is a positive, creative force rather than a problem to be solved.

이 작품은 서로 이질적인 질감의 조화가 돋보입니다. (This work stands out for its harmony of disparate textures.)

그는 조직 내의 이질적인 목소리들을 하나로 모으는 데 성공했다. (He succeeded in bringing together the disparate voices within the organization.)

Politics: Politicians often talk about overcoming '이질성' to achieve national unity.

우리는 사회의 이질적인 요소들을 포용해야 합니다. (We must embrace the heterogeneous elements of our society.)

The most common mistake learners make with 이질적 is using it too casually or in contexts where simple 'difference' is intended. Using 이질적 to say 'My shirt is a different color than yours' would sound very strange and overly dramatic to a native speaker. It would imply that the shirt's color has a fundamentally different 'essence' or 'quality' that makes it alien to the other shirt.

Mistake 1: Overuse in Casual Contexts: Avoid: '이 사과는 저 사과와 이질적이에요' (This apple is disparate from that apple). Instead, use '달라요' (is different).

Incorrect: 오늘 점심 메뉴는 어제와 이질적이에요. (Today's lunch menu is disparate from yesterday's.)

Another mistake is confusing 이질적 with 외국적 (foreign) or 생소하다 (unfamiliar). While something foreign might feel 이질적, the words are not interchangeable. 이질적 specifically focuses on the 'quality' (질) being different. You can feel 이질적 even within your own country if you are in a subculture that is very different from your own.

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Unfamiliar' (생소하다): '생소하다' means you haven't seen it before. '이질적' means it doesn't match the essence of what you know.

Incorrect: 그 단어는 나에게 너무 이질적이에요. (That word is too disparate to me. -> Use '생소해요' instead if you mean you just don't know it.)

Learners also sometimes struggle with the particle usage. Remember that 이질적 is often used with -과/와 (with/from) when making a comparison. If you use -에게 (to), it usually refers to the person feeling the difference (이질감을 느끼다).

Correct: 이 문화는 우리 문화와 이질적이다. (This culture is disparate from our culture.)

Correct: 나는 그 집단에서 이질감을 느꼈다. (I felt a sense of alienation in that group.)

Mistake 3: Misusing the Noun Form: Sometimes learners use '이질' alone, but in modern Korean, it almost always appears as '이질적' (adj), '이질감' (feeling), or '이질성' (property).

Incorrect: 이질 때문에 문제가 생겼다. (Problems arose because of 'different quality'.) -> Correct: 이질성 때문에 문제가 생겼다.

To truly master 이질적, it is helpful to compare it with other words that mean 'different' or 'diverse.' Each of these alternatives has a specific nuance that makes it suitable for different situations.

상이하다 (Sang-ihada): This word also means 'to be different' but is even more formal than 이질적. It is often used to describe differences in data, opinions, or results (e.g., '결과가 상이하다'). It doesn't necessarily imply a difference in 'essence' like 이질적 does.

두 보고서의 내용은 서로 상이합니다. (The contents of the two reports are different from each other.)

Another alternative is 다양하다 (dayanghada), which means 'diverse' or 'various.' While 이질적 often has a slightly negative or neutral tone (focusing on the difficulty of mixing), 다양하다 is almost always positive, celebrating variety. If you want to say a group is diverse and that's a good thing, use 다양하다. If you want to say the group is so diverse that it's hard to manage, 이질적 might be better.

색다르다 (Saekdareuda): This means 'unconventionally different' or 'novel.' It is used for something that feels fresh or unique, like a '색다른 맛' (a novel/unique taste). It lacks the academic weight of 이질적.

그 영화는 소재가 매우 색다르다. (That movie has a very unique/novel subject matter.)

Finally, consider 생소하다 (saengsohada). This means 'unfamiliar' or 'strange' because you haven't experienced it before. While 이질적 describes the nature of the thing, 생소하다 describes your relationship with it. A foreign custom might be 이질적 (fundamentally different from yours) and 생소하다 (new to you).

이곳의 분위기는 나에게 무척 생소했다. (The atmosphere here was very unfamiliar to me.)

그는 우리와는 이질적인 삶의 방식을 가지고 있다. (He has a way of life that is disparate from ours.)

Summary Table: 이질적: Heterogeneous/Disparate (Formal/Essence) | 상이하다: Different (Formal/Data) | 다양하다: Diverse (Positive/Variety) | 생소하다: Unfamiliar (Personal experience).

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character '질' (質) is also found in words like '품질' (quality) and '본질' (essence). So '이질적' literally means 'of a different essence.'

Guide de prononciation

UK i.dʑil.t͈jʌk

US i.dʑil.t͈jʌk

The stress is even across all three syllables, but the third syllable '적' is often pronounced with a tense 't' sound (t͈jʌk) due to the preceding 'l'.

Rime avec

공격 (gong-gyeok) 충격 (chung-gyeok) 성격 (seong-gyeok) 목적 (mok-jeok) 성적 (seong-jeok) 흔적 (heun-jeok) 면적 (myeon-jeok) 국적 (guk-jeok)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing '적' as 'jeog' with a soft 'g'. It should be a crisp, unreleased 'k'.
Confusing '이질' with '이지' (reason/logic).
Mispronouncing the 'l' in 'jil' as an English 'l'. In Korean, it's a flap or a soft 'l' depending on position.
Failing to tense the 'j' in 'jeok' after the 'l' sound.
Stressing the first syllable too much like English.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires knowledge of Hanja-based vocabulary.

Écriture 4/5

Excellent for academic essays, but tricky to use with the right particles.

Expression orale 3/5

Used in formal discussions, but '다르다' is used more in daily talk.

Écoute 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the 'ijil' sound.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

다르다 성질 문화 느끼다 요소

Apprends ensuite

동질적 상이하다 괴리 통섭 융합

Avancé

다원주의 (Pluralism) 배타적 (Exclusive) 수용 (Acceptance) 보편적 (Universal) 특수성 (Specificity)

Grammaire à connaître

-적 (Suffix)

이질적, 사회적, 경제적

-과/와 (Comparison Particle)

이것은 저것과 이질적이다.

-성 (Noun Suffix for Properties)

이질성, 가능성, 중요성

-감 (Noun Suffix for Feelings)

이질감, 행복감, 책임감

-화 (Noun Suffix for Processes)

이질화, 현대화, 자동화

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Exemples par niveau

이것은 저것과 달라요.

This is different from that.

A1 alternative for 이질적.

우리 두 사람은 생각이 달라요.

The two of us have different thoughts.

Simple 'different' (다르다).

서울은 제 고향과 아주 달라요.

Seoul is very different from my hometown.

Comparing two places.

이 그림은 조금 이상해요.

This painting is a bit strange.

Using '이상하다' (strange) for simple alienation.

한국 음식은 제 나라 음식과 달라요.

Korean food is different from my country's food.

Simple comparison.

친구와 저는 취미가 달라요.

My friend and I have different hobbies.

Difference in interests.

이 옷은 저 옷보다 더 예뻐요.

This dress is prettier than that one.

Comparison using '보다'.

우리는 서로 다른 곳에 살아요.

We live in different places.

Using '다른' as a modifier.

외국에 가면 이질적인 느낌이 들어요.

When I go abroad, I feel a sense of difference/alienation.

Introductory use of 이질적 as a feeling.

두 나라는 문화가 매우 이질적입니다.

The two countries have very heterogeneous cultures.

Formal comparison of cultures.

이질적인 사람들이 모여서 팀이 되었어요.

Disparate people gathered and became a team.

Describing a diverse group.

그의 말투는 우리와 조금 이질적이에요.

His way of speaking is a bit disparate from ours.

Describing a different 'nature' of speech.

이질적인 요소들을 하나로 합쳤어요.

We combined disparate elements into one.

Combining different things.

새로운 환경이 조금 이질적으로 느껴져요.

The new environment feels a bit heterogeneous/alien.

Adverbial use: 이질적으로.

이질적인 두 가지 맛이 섞여 있어요.

Two disparate flavors are mixed.

Describing qualities of taste.

그 영화는 다른 영화와 이질적인 매력이 있어요.

That movie has a disparate charm compared to others.

Using 이질적 to mean 'unique/different nature'.

남북한의 언어는 점점 이질적으로 변하고 있습니다.

The languages of North and South Korea are gradually becoming heterogeneous.

Describing the process of change.

그는 조직 내에서 이질감을 느끼고 퇴사했다.

He felt a sense of alienation in the organization and resigned.

Common collocation: 이질감을 느끼다.

이질적인 문화들이 섞여 새로운 문화를 만듭니다.

Disparate cultures mix to create a new culture.

Sociological context.

기존 방식과는 이질적인 새로운 접근이 필요합니다.

A new approach disparate from existing methods is needed.

Formal business/academic usage.

서로 이질적인 성격의 두 사람이 결혼했다.

Two people with disparate personalities got married.

Describing fundamental personality differences.

이질적인 데이터들을 분석하는 것은 어렵습니다.

Analyzing disparate data is difficult.

Technical context.

도심 속에 이질적인 느낌의 오래된 건물이 있다.

There is an old building with a disparate feel in the city center.

Describing visual contrast.

그의 주장은 당의 정책과 너무 이질적이다.

His argument is too disparate from the party's policy.

Political/formal usage.

다문화 사회에서는 이질적인 가치관의 충돌이 발생할 수 있다.

In a multicultural society, conflicts of disparate values can occur.

B2 level sociological analysis.

기업 합병 후 이질적인 기업 문화를 통합하는 것이 과제이다.

Integrating disparate corporate cultures after a merger is a challenge.

Business management context.

이 소설은 이질적인 두 세계를 교차시키며 이야기를 전개한다.

This novel develops the story by intersecting two disparate worlds.

Literary criticism context.

물과 기름처럼 이질적인 성질을 가진 물질들은 섞이지 않는다.

Substances with disparate properties, like water and oil, do not mix.

Scientific explanation.

급격한 사회 변화는 세대 간의 이질화를 심화시켰다.

Rapid social change has deepened the heterogenization between generations.

Using the noun '이질화'.

그 건축물은 주변 경관과 이질적인 소재를 사용하여 눈길을 끈다.

The building attracts attention by using materials disparate from the surroundings.

Art/Design context.

우리는 서로의 이질성을 인정하고 존중해야 합니다.

We must acknowledge and respect each other's heterogeneity.

Using the noun '이질성'.

번역 과정에서 원문의 이질적인 느낌을 살리는 것이 중요하다.

It is important to preserve the disparate feel of the original text during translation.

Translation theory context.

현대 미술은 이질적인 매체들의 통섭을 통해 새로운 영역을 개척한다.

Contemporary art opens new realms through the consilience of disparate media.

C1 level art criticism.

그의 철학은 동양과 서양의 이질적인 사상을 독창적으로 결합했다.

His philosophy uniquely combined the disparate thoughts of the East and the West.

Philosophical analysis.

사회적 이질성이 높은 집단일수록 갈등 관리 능력이 중요하다.

The higher the social heterogeneity of a group, the more important conflict management skills are.

Complex social science phrasing.

본 연구는 이질적인 표본 집단 간의 유의미한 차이를 분석하였다.

This study analyzed significant differences between disparate sample groups.

Academic research terminology.

디지털 기술의 도입은 기존 산업 생태계에 이질적인 변화를 가져왔다.

The introduction of digital technology brought disparate changes to the existing industrial ecosystem.

Economic/Technological discourse.

그 작가는 일상적인 공간에 이질적인 오브제를 배치하여 낯설게 하기를 시도한다.

The artist attempts 'defamiliarization' by placing disparate objects in everyday spaces.

Aesthetic theory.

언어적 이질화는 단순한 의사소통의 문제를 넘어 민족적 동질성을 위협한다.

Linguistic heterogenization goes beyond simple communication issues and threatens ethnic homogeneity.

High-level political/social commentary.

법체계 내에서 이질적인 조항들이 충돌할 경우 상위법 우선의 원칙이 적용된다.

If disparate clauses conflict within a legal system, the principle of the priority of higher law applies.

Legal context.

포스트모더니즘은 거대 담론의 해체와 이질적인 파편들의 공존을 특징으로 한다.

Postmodernism is characterized by the deconstruction of grand narratives and the coexistence of disparate fragments.

C2 level philosophical discourse.

세계화는 문화적 동질화와 이질화라는 양가적 측면을 동시에 지니고 있다.

Globalization simultaneously possesses the ambivalent aspects of cultural homogenization and heterogenization.

Advanced sociological theory.

이질적인 데이터 소스들을 실시간으로 정제하고 통합하는 알고리즘을 개발했다.

Developed an algorithm that refines and integrates disparate data sources in real-time.

High-level technical/engineering description.

그의 문체는 고어와 현대어라는 이질적인 요소들이 기묘하게 공존하며 독특한 미감을 형성한다.

His style forms a unique aesthetic through the strange coexistence of disparate elements: archaic and modern language.

Advanced literary analysis.

정치적 극단주의는 사회 구성원 간의 심리적 이질감을 극대화하여 통합을 저해한다.

Political extremism hinders integration by maximizing the psychological sense of alienation among society members.

Political psychology discourse.

생태계의 회복력은 생물학적 이질성과 종의 다양성에 기반한다.

The resilience of an ecosystem is based on biological heterogeneity and species diversity.

Scientific/Environmental theory.

식민 지배의 역사는 피지배 민족에게 이질적인 법체계와 가치관을 강요했다.

The history of colonial rule forced disparate legal systems and values upon the colonized people.

Historical/Post-colonial analysis.

현대 철학에서 '타자성'은 자아와 이질적인 존재에 대한 근원적인 물음을 던진다.

In modern philosophy, 'alterity' poses fundamental questions about beings disparate from the self.

Advanced ontological discussion.

Synonymes

상이한 다른 이색적 이질의 다른 성질의

Antonymes

동질적 유사한

Collocations courantes

이질적인 문화

이질감을 느끼다

이질적인 요소

이질적인 집단

이질적인 성격

이질적인 가치관

이질적인 데이터

문화적 이질화

이질적인 반응

이질적인 소재

Phrases Courantes

이질감이 들다

— To have a feeling of being different or out of place.

새로운 학교에 가니 이질감이 들었다.

이질성을 띠다

— To possess the characteristic of being heterogeneous.

이 지역은 다양한 인종이 섞여 이질성을 띤다.

이질적인 존재

— A being that is fundamentally different from others in a group.

그는 우리 사회에서 이질적인 존재로 여겨졌다.

이질적으로 변하다

— To change into something of a different nature.

오랜 시간 동안 두 언어는 이질적으로 변했다.

이질적인 환경

— An environment that is fundamentally different from what one is used to.

이질적인 환경에 적응하는 데 시간이 걸렸다.

이질적인 배경

— Coming from fundamentally different life experiences or histories.

그들은 이질적인 배경을 가졌지만 마음이 잘 맞았다.

이질적인 생각

— Thoughts that are fundamentally different or incompatible.

이질적인 생각들이 충돌하며 논쟁이 벌어졌다.

이질적인 결합

— A combination of things that don't usually go together.

이 요리는 이질적인 재료들의 결합이 훌륭하다.

이질감을 해소하다

— To resolve or get rid of the feeling of being different.

대화를 통해 서로의 이질감을 해소했다.

이질적인 성질

— A property or characteristic that is different in nature.

기름은 물과 이질적인 성질을 가지고 있다.

Souvent confondu avec

이질적 vs 이기적 (Selfish)

Sounds similar but means selfish. Don't tell someone they are '이질적' when you mean they are '이기적'!

이질적 vs 이색적 (Exotic/Unique)

This has a more positive, 'exotic' or 'novel' vibe. '이질적' is more neutral or academic.

이질적 vs 일시적 (Temporary)

Sounds slightly similar but refers to time, not quality.

Expressions idiomatiques

"물과 기름"

— Used to describe two things or people that are so '이질적' they can never mix.

그 두 사람은 물과 기름 같은 사이여서 절대 안 섞인다.

Common

"따로 놀다"

— Literally 'to play separately,' used when elements of a whole are so disparate they don't harmonize.

이 노래는 가사와 멜로디가 따로 노는 느낌이다.

Informal

"겉돌다"

— To spin on the outside; used when someone feels '이질적' and cannot fit into a group.

그는 팀원들과 섞이지 못하고 겉돌고 있다.

Neutral

"천양지차"

— A difference as great as between heaven and earth. Used for extreme '이질성'.

두 제품의 품질은 천양지차다.

Formal/Idiomatic

"동상이몽"

— Same bed, different dreams. Used when people in the same situation have '이질적' goals.

두 회사는 합병했지만 동상이몽을 꾸고 있다.

Literary

"풍마우불상급"

— Winds, horses, and cows do not affect each other. Used for things so '이질적' they have no relation.

그 두 사건은 풍마우불상급이라 아무 상관이 없다.

Archaic/Formal

"딴 세상 사람"

— A person from another world. Used for someone who feels very '이질적'.

그는 너무 똑똑해서 마치 딴 세상 사람 같다.

Informal

"어불성설"

— Something that doesn't make sense because it's '이질적' to logic.

그의 주장은 앞뒤가 안 맞는 어불성설이다.

Formal

"격세지감"

— Feeling like a generation has passed because things have become so '이질적' over time.

변해버린 고향 모습을 보니 격세지감이 느껴진다.

Formal

"유유상종"

— Birds of a feather flock together. The opposite of '이질적' interaction.

유유상종이라더니 성격이 비슷한 사람들끼리 모였구나.

Common

Facile à confondre

이질적 vs 다르다

Both mean 'different'.

'다르다' is general. '이질적' is about the fundamental nature or essence of things that don't mix.

색깔이 달라요 (Colors are different). 문화가 이질적이에요 (Cultures are disparate).

이질적 vs 상이하다

Both are formal words for 'different'.

'상이하다' is used for data, facts, or results. '이질적' is used for nature, quality, or character.

수치가 상이하다 (The numbers are different). 성질이 이질적이다 (The properties are disparate).

이질적 vs 생소하다

Both can describe something 'alien'.

'생소하다' is about your lack of experience with something. '이질적' is about the thing's nature being different from its context.

생소한 길 (An unfamiliar road). 이질적인 문화 (A disparate culture).

이질적 vs 특이하다

Both mean something is not 'normal'.

'특이하다' means unique or peculiar. '이질적' means it doesn't match the group it's in.

특이한 취미 (A unique hobby). 이질적인 요소 (A disparate element).

이질적 vs 외국적

Foreign things often feel '이질적'.

'외국적' simply means 'related to a foreign country'. '이질적' means 'different in nature' regardless of origin.

외국적 분위기 (Foreign atmosphere). 이질적 가치관 (Disparate values).

Structures de phrases

A는 B와 이질적이다.

이 요리는 전통 방식과 이질적이다.

이질적인 Noun이/가 Verb

이질적인 요소들이 서로 충돌한다.

이질감을 느끼다/주다

그의 옷차림은 이질감을 주었다.

이질성을 띠다

이 지역은 문화적 이질성을 띠고 있다.

이질화가 진행되다

남북 언어의 이질화가 빠르게 진행되고 있다.

이질적인 요소의 통섭/융합

이질적인 요소들의 융합이 혁신을 낳는다.

이질적으로 느껴지다

그의 태도가 오늘따라 이질적으로 느껴졌다.

이질적인 배경에도 불구하고

이질적인 배경에도 불구하고 그들은 화합했다.

Famille de mots

Noms

이질성 (Heterogeneity)

이질화 (Heterogenization)

이질감 (Sense of alienation/difference)

Verbes

이질화되다 (To become heterogeneous)

이질화시키다 (To make heterogeneous)

Adjectifs

이질적 (Heterogeneous/Disparate)

Apparenté

동질적 (Homogeneous)

차별화 (Differentiation)

다양성 (Diversity)

괴리 (Gap/Discrepancy)

소외 (Alienation)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in media, academia, and formal writing. Less common in casual speech.

Erreurs courantes

Using '이질적' for simple color differences. → 색깔이 달라요.
'이질적' implies a difference in the 'nature' or 'essence' of a thing, not just its surface appearance.
Using '이질' as a standalone noun for 'difference'. → 차이 or 이질성.
'이질' is rarely used alone. Use '이질성' (heterogeneity) or '이질감' (feeling of difference).
Confusing '이질적' with '이기적' (selfish). → 이질적 (heterogeneous) vs 이기적 (selfish).
These sound similar but are completely unrelated. Be careful with the second syllable!
Forgetting the '-과/와' particle in comparisons. → 이것은 저것과 이질적이다.
Just like '다르다', '이질적' requires a comparison particle to indicate what it is different *from*.
Using '이질적' to mean 'bad'. → 이질적 (neutral description of difference).
While it can be uncomfortable, '이질적' itself is a neutral academic term. Don't use it as a synonym for 'bad' or 'wrong'.

Astuces

Using the '-적' Suffix

Remember that '-적' words can be used as nouns (이질적이다) or as adjectives by adding '-인' (이질적인). This is a great way to expand your academic vocabulary.

Don't Overuse It

In casual conversation, '다르다' is almost always better. Save '이질적' for when you want to sound smart, formal, or precise about a deep difference.

Learn the Antonym

Always learn '이질적' and '동질적' together. They are a classic pair in Korean social studies and will help you understand discussions about national identity.

North Korea Context

If you see this word in a news headline about North Korea, it's almost always talking about the 'gap' or 'difference' between the two sides.

Formal Essays

Using '이질적' instead of '다르다' in your TOPIK writing can significantly boost your score by showing you know high-level Sino-Korean words.

Listen for '적'

Many formal Korean words end in '적'. When you hear '적', you know you're listening to an adjective describing a category or property.

Hanja Roots

Focus on '이' (Different). It's the same '이' in '이상하다' (strange) and '이변' (unusual event). This helps you group related meanings.

Tense Final Syllable

Make sure you say '쩍' (jjeok) instead of '적' (jeok). The 'l' in 'jil' makes the following consonant tense.

Expressing Feelings

Use '이질감을 느껴요' to politely explain that you feel a bit out of place or that a situation feels unfamiliar in a deep way.

Qualitative vs Quantitative

Use '이질적' for qualitative differences (nature/essence) and '상이하다' or '다르다' for quantitative ones (numbers/size).

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'E-Z-L' (이질). It sounds like 'Easily' but with a twist. It's 'Easily' noticeable that these things are 'different' (이) in their 'quality' (질).

Association visuelle

Imagine a bowl of red marbles with one blue cube inside. The cube is '이질적' because its color AND shape (essence) are different from the marbles.

Word Web

이질적 문화 차이 이질감 동질적 낯설다 외국 성격

Défi

Try to find one thing in your room that feels '이질적' compared to everything else and explain why using the word. For example: '이 골동품은 내 현대적인 방과 이질적이다.'

Origine du mot

Derived from Sino-Korean (Hanja). '이' (異) means different, '질' (質) means quality or substance, and '적' (的) is a suffix that makes a noun into an adjective.

Sens originel : Having a different nature or substance.

Sino-Korean

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using '이질적' to describe people directly, as it can sound like you are saying they don't belong or are 'weird' in a cold, academic way.

English speakers might use 'out of place' or 'alien' in situations where Koreans use '이질적'.

The movie 'JSA' (Joint Security Area) explores the '이질감' and '동질감' between North and South Korean soldiers. Academic books on 'Cultural Heterogeneity' (문화적 이질성) are common in Korean universities. News reports on the 'Heterogenization of the Korean Language' (남북 언어 이질화).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Discussing North and South Korea

남북 언어의 이질화
문화적 이질감 해소
동질성 회복
이질적인 체제

Art and Design Criticism

이질적인 소재의 조화
이질적인 느낌의 연출
시각적 이질성
이질적인 오브제

Corporate Environment

이질적인 기업 문화
조직 내 이질감
이질적인 구성원
이질적인 업무 방식

Scientific Research

이질적인 샘플
물질의 이질성
이질적인 데이터 세트
이질적 성질의 혼합

Sociology and Immigration

이질적인 가치관
다문화 사회의 이질성
이질적인 집단 간 갈등
이질감을 극복하다

Amorces de conversation

"한국에 처음 왔을 때 가장 이질적이라고 느꼈던 점은 무엇인가요?"

"서로 이질적인 성격의 사람들이 잘 지내려면 어떻게 해야 할까요?"

"남북한의 이질화를 줄이기 위해 어떤 노력이 필요하다고 생각하세요?"

"예술 작품에서 이질적인 요소들이 섞여 있을 때 어떤 느낌을 받나요?"

"자신이 속한 집단에서 이질감을 느껴본 적이 있나요?"

Sujets d'écriture

내가 살고 있는 도시에서 가장 이질적으로 느껴지는 장소에 대해 써보세요.

이질적인 배경을 가진 친구와 사귀면서 배운 점은 무엇인가요?

나의 가치관과 이질적인 주장을 들었을 때 나는 어떻게 반응하는가?

미래 사회에서 문화적 이질성은 갈등의 원인이 될까요, 아니면 창의성의 원천이 될까요?

내가 만약 완전히 이질적인 외계 문명을 만난다면 가장 먼저 무엇을 물어보고 싶은가?

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Not necessarily. While it can imply alienation or difficulty in mixing, it is also used neutrally in science and art. In art, '이질적인 소재' (disparate materials) is often a positive creative choice. However, in social contexts, it often highlights a gap that needs to be bridged.

Yes, but be careful. Saying '그는 이질적인 사람이다' can sound like you are calling him an 'alien' or saying he doesn't fit in. It's more common to say '그는 우리와 이질적인 성격을 가졌다' (He has a personality disparate from ours).

'이질감' (ijilgam) is the *feeling* of being different or alienated. '이질성' (ijilseong) is the *property* or *characteristic* of being heterogeneous. You feel '이질감' because of '이질성'.

The opposite of '이질적' is '동질적' (dongjiljeok). It uses the character '동' (same) instead of '이' (different).

Yes, it is very common in TOPIK II (Intermediate/Advanced) reading and writing sections, especially in topics related to society, culture, and the environment.

Only if you are talking about the 'nature' of the ingredients not mixing well, or a very strange combination. For example, '이질적인 재료의 조합' (a combination of disparate ingredients). For simple taste differences, use '맛이 다르다'.

It refers to the process where the two Koreas have become fundamentally different in language, culture, and social systems due to long-term division. '남북 언어 이질화' is a very common phrase.

It is a noun that acts like an adjective when followed by '-이다' or '-인'. This is common for words ending in '-적'.

Use '-과/와' when comparing: 'A는 B와 이질적이다'. Use '-에서' or '-에게' when talking about feeling it: '그 집단에서 이질감을 느꼈다'.

Yes, but in the sense of 'alien strange' or 'out-of-place strange,' not 'weird' (이상하다) or 'funny' (웃기다).

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