histérico en 30 secondes
- Histérico: Adjective for extreme, uncontrollable emotion (fear, panic).
- Describes wild, irrational behavior due to overwhelm.
- Agrees in gender and number: histérico, histérica, histéricos, histéricas.
- Often used with 'ficar' (to become) or 'ser' (to be).
The Portuguese word 'histérico', when used as an adjective, describes someone or something characterized by extreme, often uncontrollable emotion, particularly fear or panic. It's akin to the English word 'hysterical'. This can manifest as wild, irrational behavior, excessive crying, or uncontrollable laughter, often stemming from a state of high stress or emotional overwhelm. While it can sometimes be used humorously to describe an over-the-top reaction, it often carries a more serious connotation of someone losing control of their emotions in a dramatic way.
- Emotional Overload
- When someone is described as 'histérico', it suggests they are experiencing an emotional state that is beyond their ability to manage calmly. This can be due to a sudden shock, intense fear, or extreme excitement.
- Irrational Behavior
- The term often implies a loss of rational thought or composure. A person in a 'histérico' state might say or do things that are not logical or proportionate to the situation.
- Context is Key
- The specific emotion behind the 'histérico' state can vary. It could be intense fear leading to panic, overwhelming sadness causing uncontrollable sobbing, or even extreme joy leading to manic behavior. The surrounding circumstances usually clarify the nature of the emotion.
- Past Medical Connotation
- Historically, the term 'hysteria' was a medical diagnosis, particularly for women, often associated with a wide range of unexplained physical and emotional symptoms. While this specific medical diagnosis is no longer used, the word 'histérico' in common language still retains some of its association with extreme emotional displays, though often without the formal medical context.
A criança ficou histérica quando perdeu o seu brinquedo favorito. (The child became hysterical when they lost their favorite toy.)
A plateia reagiu de forma histérica à performance do artista. (The audience reacted hysterically to the artist's performance.)
Ele teve um ataque histérico de riso depois de ouvir a piada. (He had a hysterical fit of laughter after hearing the joke.)
Using 'histérico' effectively involves understanding its placement and agreement within a sentence. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies or describes the subject after a linking verb like 'ser' (to be) or 'ficar' (to become/get). Remember that 'histérico' is a variable adjective, meaning it changes its ending to agree in gender and number with the noun it refers to.
- With 'Ficar' (To Become/Get)
- This is a very common construction to describe a sudden shift into an emotional state. 'Ficar' indicates a change of state.
- With 'Ser' (To Be)
- Using 'ser' implies a more inherent characteristic or a description of a state that is perceived as ongoing or a defining quality, though it can also describe a current state.
- Describing Events or Situations
- Sometimes, the adjective can describe the nature of an event or reaction itself.
- Placement After the Noun
- While less common for describing a person's state, 'histérico' can sometimes follow the noun it modifies, emphasizing the quality.
A notícia inesperada deixou o público em estado histérico. (The unexpected news left the public in a hysterical state.)
Ela ficou histérica de medo quando viu a aranha. (She became hysterical with fear when she saw the spider.)
O palhaço fez um número histérico que divertiu a todos. (The clown performed a hysterical act that amused everyone.)
Não seja histérico, foi apenas um susto. (Don't be hysterical, it was just a fright.)
You'll encounter the word 'histérico' in various everyday situations, often when people are describing intense emotional reactions. It's a word that captures a loss of composure, whether it's due to fear, extreme excitement, or overwhelming sadness. Pay attention to the context, as it will usually tell you what kind of emotion is driving the 'hysterical' behavior.
- In Casual Conversations
- Friends might recount a story where someone had an over-the-top reaction: 'Ela ficou histérica quando viu o preço daquela bolsa!' (She became hysterical when she saw the price of that bag!). This is often used with a touch of humor or exaggeration.
- In Media and Entertainment
- News reports might describe a crowd's reaction at a concert or sporting event as 'histérica'. Similarly, in movies or TV shows, characters might exhibit 'histérico' behavior when facing danger or extreme stress.
- Describing Children's Reactions
- Parents or caregivers might describe a child's tantrum or extreme distress as 'histérico'. For instance, 'O menino ficou histérico porque não queria ir para a cama.' (The boy became hysterical because he didn't want to go to bed.)
- In Discussions About Stress or Accidents
- When recounting an accident or a stressful event, someone might say, 'Depois do acidente, ele ficou completamente histérico e não conseguia falar.' (After the accident, he became completely hysterical and couldn't speak.)
- Humorous Exaggeration
- It's also used hyperbolically to describe a strong but perhaps not truly overwhelming emotion: 'Eu fiquei histérico de alegria quando ganhei a loteria!' (I was hysterical with joy when I won the lottery!).
A multidão tornou-se histérica com a chegada da banda. (The crowd became hysterical with the arrival of the band.)
O filme de terror deixou a audiência em um estado histérico. (The horror movie left the audience in a hysterical state.)
When learning 'histérico', English speakers might make a few common errors, primarily related to gender and number agreement, and sometimes overusing it in situations where a less intense adjective would be more appropriate. Understanding these pitfalls can help you use the word more accurately.
- Ignoring Gender and Number Agreement
- The most frequent mistake is failing to adjust the ending of 'histérico' to match the noun it describes. Portuguese adjectives must agree in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural). Forgetting this can lead to grammatically incorrect sentences.
- Using it for Mild Emotions
- 'Histérico' implies a very intense, often uncontrollable emotional state. Using it to describe mild annoyance or simple excitement would be an overstatement and sound unnatural. For less intense emotions, words like 'chateado' (upset), 'animado' (excited), or 'nervoso' (nervous) would be more suitable.
- Confusing 'Ser' and 'Ficar' with 'Histérico'
- While both 'ser' and 'ficar' can be used with 'histérico', their nuances differ. 'Ficar histérico' emphasizes a change into that state (becoming hysterical), while 'ser histérico' might imply a more permanent or characteristic trait of being prone to such outbursts. Misusing them can alter the intended meaning.
- Direct Translation Issues
- In English, 'hysterical' can sometimes be used to describe something extremely funny. While 'histérico' can be used for extreme laughter, its primary meaning leans towards uncontrollable emotion, especially negative ones like fear or panic. Relying on a direct English translation without considering the Portuguese nuance can lead to misapplication.
- Pronunciation
- While not strictly a vocabulary mistake, mispronouncing the word, especially the 'h' which is silent in Portuguese, can make it difficult for native speakers to understand. The stress is on the 'té' syllable.
Incorrect: A menina ficou histérico com a queda. (The girl became hysterical with the fall - masculine adjective used for feminine noun).
Correct: A menina ficou histérica com a queda.
Incorrect: Ele ficou um pouco histérico com a notícia. (He got a little hysterical with the news - using 'histérico' for a mild reaction).
Better: Ele ficou preocupado com a notícia. (He got worried about the news.)
While 'histérico' specifically denotes a state of uncontrollable emotion, often fear or panic, there are other Portuguese words that can describe intense emotional states or reactions, each with its own nuance. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the most precise word for the situation.
- Desesperado (Desperate)
- Describes someone in extreme need or without hope, often leading to frantic actions, but the core emotion is need or lack of hope, not necessarily panic.
- Aflito (Distressed, Anxious)
- Suggests someone who is troubled, worried, or very anxious. It's a strong emotion but usually less extreme and uncontrollable than 'histérico'.
- Pânico (Panic - noun) / Em Pânico (In Panic - phrase)
- Directly refers to a sudden, overwhelming fear. While someone experiencing 'pânico' might be described as 'histérico', 'pânico' itself focuses on the fear itself.
- Exaltado (Excited, Agitated)
- Can describe someone who is overly excited, agitated, or even angry. It implies a heightened emotional state but might not necessarily be uncontrollable fear or panic.
- Descontrolado (Uncontrolled)
- A more general term meaning 'uncontrolled'. Someone who is 'histérico' is certainly 'descontrolado', but 'descontrolado' can apply to many other situations, like anger or physical actions.
- Enfurecido (Enraged)
- Specifically describes intense anger. While an enraged person might have extreme reactions, 'histérico' is not typically used for pure anger.
He was desesperado to find a solution. (He was desperate to find a solution.)
She was aflita about the exam results. (She was distressed/anxious about the exam results.)
He was em pânico after seeing the accident. (He was in panic after seeing the accident.)
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The concept of 'hysteria' being exclusively a female ailment is deeply rooted in ancient medical beliefs. While the term is still used in Portuguese, its medical application has been largely abandoned, though the adjective 'histérico' remains common to describe extreme emotional states in anyone.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing the 'h' as in English 'house'.
- Incorrect stress placement, such as on the first or last syllable.
- Mispronouncing the vowel sounds, particularly the 'i' and the final 'o'.
Niveau de difficulté
This word is relatively common and its meaning is generally clear from context, especially when describing strong emotions. However, understanding the nuances and appropriate usage requires some exposure to the language.
The main challenge in writing is ensuring correct gender and number agreement with the noun it modifies. Overuse or misuse in less intense situations can also be an issue.
Pronunciation is straightforward once the silent 'h' is understood. The word is frequently used in spoken Portuguese to describe emotional reactions.
The word is quite audible and its meaning is often clear from the context of an emotional situation.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Adjective Agreement
O menino ficou histérico. A menina ficou histérica. Os rapazes ficaram histéricos. As raparigas ficaram histéricas.
Using 'Ficar' to indicate a change of state
Fiquei histérico com o susto. (I became hysterical with the scare.)
Using 'Ser' to describe a characteristic (less common for 'histérico' as a temporary state)
Ele é um pouco histérico sobre a limpeza. (He is a bit hysterical about cleaning.)
Preposition 'de' to specify the cause of the emotion
Ela ficou histérica de medo. (She became hysterical from fear.)
Placement of Adjectives
A reação histérica do público foi notável. (The audience's hysterical reaction was notable.)
Exemples par niveau
A menina ficou histérica.
The girl became hysterical.
'Menina' is feminine singular, so the adjective is 'histérica'.
Ele estava histérico.
He was hysterical.
'Ele' is masculine singular, so the adjective is 'histérico'.
O cão ficou histérico com o barulho.
The dog became hysterical with the noise.
'Cão' is masculine singular, so the adjective is 'histérico'.
A reação foi histérica.
The reaction was hysterical.
'Reação' is feminine singular, so the adjective is 'histérica'.
Que riso histérico!
What hysterical laughter!
Used here as an exclamation to describe the laughter.
Ela ficou histérica de alegria.
She became hysterical with joy.
Describes an intense positive emotion, though still 'uncontrollable'.
Os rapazes ficaram histéricos.
The boys became hysterical.
'Rapazes' is masculine plural, so the adjective is 'histéricos'.
As raparigas ficaram histéricas.
The girls became hysterical.
'Raparigas' is feminine plural, so the adjective is 'histéricas'.
Quando perdeu o bilhete, ele ficou completamente histérico.
When he lost the ticket, he became completely hysterical.
'Ficar' + adjective describes a change in state. 'Completamente' intensifies 'histérico'.
A notícia do acidente deixou-a em estado histérico.
The news of the accident left her in a hysterical state.
'Deixar em estado...' is a common phrase. 'A' (her) is feminine singular.
O filme de terror foi tão assustador que o público reagiu de forma histérica.
The horror movie was so scary that the audience reacted hysterically.
'Reagir de forma...' is a common structure. 'Público' is singular.
Não consigo parar de rir, estou a ter um ataque histérico de riso!
I can't stop laughing, I'm having a hysterical fit of laughter!
'Ataque de riso' means fit of laughter. 'Histerico' describes the intensity.
A mãe tentou acalmar o filho, que estava histérico de medo.
The mother tried to calm the son, who was hysterical with fear.
'Filho' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'. 'De medo' specifies the emotion.
A multidão ficou histérica quando a banda subiu ao palco.
The crowd became hysterical when the band got on stage.
'Multidão' (crowd) is a singular noun, treated as feminine.
Ele é um pouco histérico com coisas pequenas.
He is a bit hysterical about small things.
Implies a tendency or habit of overreacting.
A professora explicou que a reação histérica não ajuda a resolver o problema.
The teacher explained that a hysterical reaction does not help solve the problem.
'Reação' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
Após o susto, ela entrou num estado de nervosismo histérico, incapaz de pensar claramente.
After the scare, she entered a state of hysterical nervousness, unable to think clearly.
'Estado de nervosismo histérico' combines concepts. 'Ela' is feminine singular.
Os gritos histéricos vindos da casa vizinha alertaram os moradores sobre o perigo.
The hysterical screams coming from the neighboring house alerted the residents to the danger.
'Gritos' is masculine plural, so 'histéricos'. 'Vindos' agrees with 'gritos'.
Ele descreveu a situação como uma cena histérica, com pessoas a correr em todas as direções.
He described the situation as a hysterical scene, with people running in all directions.
'Cena' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
Apesar de ser uma situação séria, ele reagiu com um humor histérico, o que preocupou os amigos.
Despite it being a serious situation, he reacted with hysterical humor, which worried his friends.
'Humor' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
As crianças ficaram histéricas de excitação com a notícia da festa surpresa.
The children became hysterical with excitement at the news of the surprise party.
'Crianças' is feminine plural, so 'histéricas'. 'De excitação' specifies the emotion.
O palhaço fez uma performance tão exagerada que o público caiu numa gargalhada histérica.
The clown's performance was so exaggerated that the audience burst into hysterical laughter.
'Gargalhada' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
A atriz foi elogiada pela sua interpretação de uma personagem em estado histérico.
The actress was praised for her portrayal of a character in a hysterical state.
'Personagem' is feminine singular, so 'histérico' (referring to the state, often considered masculine as a concept, or agreeing with 'estado'). More commonly, 'personagem histérica' would be used if the character herself is described as such.
O pânico coletivo transformou a multidão num grupo histérico.
The collective panic turned the crowd into a hysterical group.
'Grupo' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
A histeria coletiva, por vezes descrita como um estado histérico em massa, pode ter origens psicológicas complexas.
Collective hysteria, sometimes described as a mass hysterical state, can have complex psychological origins.
'Histeria coletiva' is a noun phrase. 'Estado histérico em massa' uses 'histérico' to describe the state.
Naquele momento de crise, a sua reação histérica serviu apenas para aumentar o caos geral.
In that moment of crisis, his hysterical reaction only served to increase the general chaos.
'Reação' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'. 'Sua' refers to a masculine person, but the adjective agrees with 'reação'.
O terapeuta procurou desvendar as raízes do comportamento histérico da paciente, que se manifestava em crises de choro incontroláveis.
The therapist sought to uncover the roots of the patient's hysterical behavior, which manifested in uncontrollable crying fits.
'Comportamento' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'. 'Crises de choro' describes the manifestation.
É importante distinguir entre uma resposta emocional intensa e um comportamento genuinamente histérico, que implica uma perda de controlo.
It is important to distinguish between an intense emotional response and genuinely hysterical behavior, which implies a loss of control.
'Comportamento' is masculine singular, so 'genuinamente histérico'.
A comédia usou elementos de exagero e situações caricatas para provocar uma reação histérica no público.
The comedy used elements of exaggeration and caricatured situations to provoke a hysterical reaction in the audience.
'Reação' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
O debate político degenerou num confronto histérico, com acusações mútuas e falta de argumentação racional.
The political debate degenerated into a hysterical confrontation, with mutual accusations and a lack of rational argumentation.
'Confronto' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
A jovem sentiu-se envergonhada pela sua própria reação histérica após o pequeno incidente.
The young woman felt ashamed of her own hysterical reaction after the small incident.
'Reação' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
O documentário explorou os efeitos psicológicos de eventos traumáticos que podem levar a estados de choque histérico.
The documentary explored the psychological effects of traumatic events that can lead to states of hysterical shock.
'Choque' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'. 'Estados' is plural, suggesting multiple instances.
A crítica social subjacente à peça reside na forma como retrata a fragilidade humana perante o inesperado, culminando frequentemente em desespero histérico.
The underlying social critique of the play lies in how it portrays human fragility in the face of the unexpected, often culminating in hysterical despair.
'Desespero' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
O uso de linguagem hiperbólica e a construção de cenários apocalípticos visavam induzir uma resposta histérica no leitor, explorando medos primordiais.
The use of hyperbolic language and the construction of apocalyptic scenarios aimed to induce a hysterical response in the reader, exploring primal fears.
'Resposta' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
As manifestações artísticas de vanguarda por vezes desafiam a perceção convencional, provocando reações que oscilam entre o fascínio e o desconcerto histérico.
Avant-garde artistic manifestations sometimes challenge conventional perception, provoking reactions that oscillate between fascination and hysterical bewilderment.
'Desconcerto' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
Na análise psicanalítica, o comportamento histérico é frequentemente interpretado como uma manifestação de conflitos inconscientes reprimidos.
In psychoanalytic analysis, hysterical behavior is often interpreted as a manifestation of repressed unconscious conflicts.
'Comportamento' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
O discurso populista explorou a ansiedade social, canalizando-a para um fervor histérico contra o 'outro'.
Populist discourse exploited social anxiety, channeling it into a hysterical fervor against the 'other'.
'Fervor' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
A ascensão das redes sociais permitiu a disseminação rápida de pânico, transformando incidentes menores em frenesins histéricos coletivos.
The rise of social media allowed for the rapid dissemination of panic, turning minor incidents into collective hysterical frenzies.
'Frenesins' is masculine plural, so 'histéricos'.
A sua capacidade de manter a calma sob pressão era notável, contrastando com o pânico histérico que tomava conta dos seus colegas.
His ability to remain calm under pressure was remarkable, contrasting with the hysterical panic that seized his colleagues.
'Pânico' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'. 'Colleagues' implies multiple people, but 'pânico' is the noun being modified.
A peça teatral explorou a linha ténue entre a paixão avassaladora e a obsessão histérica.
The theatrical play explored the thin line between overwhelming passion and hysterical obsession.
'Obsessão' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
A histeria, como fenómeno social e psicológico, manifesta-se de formas diversas, desde surtos individuais de comportamento histérico a movimentos coletivos de pânico irracional.
Hysteria, as a social and psychological phenomenon, manifests in diverse ways, from individual outbreaks of hysterical behavior to collective movements of irrational panic.
'Comportamento' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'. 'Movimentos' is plural, but 'pânico' is the noun modified by 'irracional'.
O romance mergulha na psique de uma mulher atormentada, cuja narrativa é pontuada por episódios de lucidez intermitente e desespero histérico.
The novel delves into the psyche of a tormented woman, whose narrative is punctuated by episodes of intermittent lucidity and hysterical despair.
'Desespero' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
A retórica inflamada do líder visava inflamar uma base de seguidores, cultivando um fervor patriótico que roçava o fanatismo histérico.
The leader's inflammatory rhetoric aimed to inflame a follower base, cultivating a patriotic fervor that bordered on hysterical fanaticism.
'Fanatismo' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
A representação cinematográfica da guerra não se furtou a mostrar o lado mais cru e irracional da natureza humana, incluindo o colapso nervoso e o êxtase histérico dos sobreviventes.
The cinematic representation of war did not shy away from showing the crueler and more irrational side of human nature, including the nervous breakdown and hysterical ecstasy of survivors.
'Êxtase' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
O estudo da história das epidemias revela padrões recorrentes de medo coletivo e reações histéricas que, por vezes, eclipsavam o perigo real da doença.
The study of the history of epidemics reveals recurring patterns of collective fear and hysterical reactions that, at times, overshadowed the real danger of the disease.
'Reações' is feminine plural, so 'histéricas'.
A arte performativa contemporânea explora frequentemente os limites da expressão, levando o corpo e a mente a estados de exaustão histérica para questionar a própria natureza da realidade.
Contemporary performance art frequently explores the limits of expression, pushing the body and mind to states of hysterical exhaustion to question the very nature of reality.
'Exaustão' is feminine singular, so 'histérica'.
A análise das narrativas de testemunhas oculares de eventos traumáticos revela uma tendência para a reconstrução mnemónica distorcida, influenciada pelo estado emocional histérico do momento.
The analysis of eyewitness narratives of traumatic events reveals a tendency for distorted mnemonic reconstruction, influenced by the hysterical emotional state of the moment.
'Estado emocional' is masculine singular, so 'histérico'.
O frenesim mediático em torno de certos escândalos pode catalisar um julgamento público precipitado e um ostracismo social de proporções histéricas.
The media frenzy surrounding certain scandals can catalyze hasty public judgment and social ostracism of hysterical proportions.
'Proporções' is feminine plural, so 'histéricas'.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— To become hysterical; to lose control of one's emotions, usually due to fear, panic, or extreme excitement.
Ela ficou histérica quando viu o resultado do exame. (She became hysterical when she saw the exam result.)
— In a hysterical state; experiencing extreme, uncontrollable emotions.
O atleta estava em estado histérico após a derrota. (The athlete was in a hysterical state after the defeat.)
— A hysterical reaction; an outburst of extreme emotion.
O anúncio inesperado provocou uma reação histérica na plateia. (The unexpected announcement caused a hysterical reaction in the audience.)
— Hysterical behavior; actions characterized by excessive, uncontrolled emotion.
O comportamento histérico da criança chamou a atenção de todos. (The child's hysterical behavior caught everyone's attention.)
— A hysterical scream; a loud, uncontrolled cry of fear, pain, or excitement.
Ouvimos um grito histérico vindo do andar de cima. (We heard a hysterical scream coming from upstairs.)
— Hysterical laughter; uncontrollable, often excessive laughter.
A piada foi tão boa que ele soltou um riso histérico. (The joke was so good that he burst into hysterical laughter.)
— Don't be hysterical!; A command to calm down and not overreact.
Não seja histérico, foi apenas um pequeno problema. (Don't be hysterical, it was just a small problem.)
— To make someone hysterical; to cause someone to lose control of their emotions.
A demora dele costuma deixar a namorada histérica. (His lateness usually makes his girlfriend hysterical.)
— Hysterical panic; a widespread and uncontrollable fear.
O boato espalhou um pânico histérico pela cidade. (The rumor spread hysterical panic through the city.)
— A cause of hysteria; something that triggers an extreme emotional reaction.
A perda do objeto precioso foi a causa histérica para a criança. (The loss of the precious object was the hysterical cause for the child.)
Souvent confondu avec
'Histeria' is the noun form, referring to the condition or state itself, while 'histérico' is the adjective describing someone or something exhibiting this state. For example, 'A histeria tomou conta da multidão' (Hysteria took over the crowd), versus 'A multidão ficou histérica' (The crowd became hysterical).
'Histriônico' relates to theatricality or exaggerated behavior for attention, often associated with 'histrionics'. While sometimes overlapping with 'histérico' in terms of dramatic display, 'histriônico' implies a more deliberate performance, whereas 'histérico' is about uncontrollable emotion.
'Enfurecido' specifically means enraged or furious, focusing on anger. 'Histérico' can encompass anger but is more broadly about a loss of control due to various intense emotions like fear, panic, or extreme sadness, not just anger.
Expressions idiomatiques
— To have a hysterical fit or attack; to experience a sudden, intense, and uncontrollable emotional outburst.
Quando ele soube da notícia, teve um ataque histérico e começou a chorar.
Neutral— To make a hysterical scene; to behave in a dramatic, over-the-top, and uncontrolled emotional manner.
Ela fez uma cena histérica no restaurante porque a comida demorou muito.
Informal— To be hysterical about something; to overreact strongly and uncontrollably to a particular issue or situation.
Ele é muito histérico com a limpeza da casa.
Informal— To burst into hysterical laughter; to start laughing uncontrollably.
A situação era tão engraçada que todos caímos no riso histérico.
Neutral— To drive someone hysterical; to make someone extremely upset or agitated.
A teimosia dele põe-me histérico.
Informal— A hysterical scandal; a scandal that causes widespread outrage and extreme reactions.
O caso de corrupção tornou-se um escândalo histórico no país.
Neutral— A hysterical success; a huge success that causes widespread excitement and adulation.
O novo álbum da banda foi um sucesso histórico.
Informal— A hysterical crisis; a period of intense emotional turmoil and instability.
Após a notícia, ela entrou numa crise histérica.
Neutral— A hysterical fit or outburst; a sudden episode of uncontrollable emotion.
Ele teve um acesso histérico de raiva quando foi contrariado.
Neutral— To make a hysterical fuss or scene; to create a dramatic, overblown commotion.
Ela fez um escândalo histórico no supermercado porque o produto estava esgotado.
InformalFacile à confondre
Both words stem from the same root and relate to extreme emotional states.
'Histeria' is the noun referring to the condition or state of being hysterical (e.g., 'A histeria coletiva'). 'Histérico' is the adjective used to describe a person or behavior exhibiting this state (e.g., 'Ele ficou histérico'). You can't say 'Ele ficou histeria'.
A multidão entrou em <mark>histeria</mark>. (The crowd entered into hysteria.) Ele ficou <mark>histérico</mark>. (He became hysterical.)
Both words imply dramatic behavior and are related to the root 'history' (in the sense of performance/story).
'Histérico' describes uncontrollable emotion, often fear or panic. 'Histriônico' describes behavior that is deliberately theatrical, exaggerated, and attention-seeking, like an actor. One is about genuine emotional loss of control, the other about performance, though they can sometimes overlap.
O ator fez uma performance <mark>histriônica</mark>. (The actor gave a histrionic performance.) A criança ficou <mark>histérica</mark> com o trovão. (The child became hysterical with the thunder.)
Someone who is 'histérico' is by definition 'descontrolado'.
'Descontrolado' is a more general term meaning 'uncontrolled' and can apply to many situations (anger, physical actions, etc.). 'Histérico' is more specific, referring to an uncontrollable *emotional* state, usually fear or panic. You can be 'descontrolado' without being 'histérico' (e.g., uncontrolled anger), but being 'histérico' implies being 'descontrolado'.
Ele estava <mark>descontrolado</mark> de raiva. (He was uncontrolled with anger.) Ela ficou <mark>histérica</mark> de medo. (She became hysterical from fear.)
Both describe heightened emotional states.
'Exaltado' means agitated, excited, or very passionate, often in a way that might lead to speaking loudly or acting with fervor. It doesn't necessarily imply a loss of control or the specific fear/panic associated with 'histérico'. You can be 'exaltado' from joy or passion, but 'histérico' is usually linked to distress or intense fear.
O orador estava <mark>exaltado</mark> ao falar do futuro. (The speaker was agitated speaking about the future.) A plateia ficou <mark>histérica</mark> com a performance. (The audience became hysterical with the performance.)
Both describe negative emotional states.
'Aflito' means distressed, worried, or anxious. It's a strong negative emotion but generally implies a more contained level of unease compared to the overwhelming, uncontrollable nature of 'histérico'. 'Aflito' is about worry and distress, while 'histérico' is about a loss of emotional control.
Ela estava <mark>aflita</mark> com os resultados. (She was distressed about the results.) Ele ficou <mark>histérico</mark> quando soube do acidente. (He became hysterical when he heard about the accident.)
Structures de phrases
Subject + ficar + histérico/a/os/as
O bebé ficou <mark>histérico</mark>.
Subject + ficar + histérico/a/os/as + de + emotion
Ela ficou <mark>histérica de</mark> raiva.
A/O + noun + histérico/a
Era uma <mark>reação histérica</mark>.
Entrar em + estado + histérico
Ele entrou em <mark>estado histérico</mark>.
Comportamento + histérico
O <mark>comportamento histérico</mark> chamou a atenção.
Ter + um/uma + noun + histérico/a
Ela teve <mark>um ataque histérico</mark>.
Adjective + noun + que + verb
Um <mark>grito histérico</mark> que assustou a todos.
Causar + uma + reaction + histérica
A notícia causou <mark>uma reação histérica</mark>.
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Common
-
Using 'histérico' for mild emotions.
→
Using 'nervoso', 'chateado', 'animado', etc.
'Histérico' implies extreme, uncontrollable emotion, often fear or panic. Using it for slight annoyance or excitement is an overstatement. For example, saying 'Fiquei histérico com o trânsito' when you were just slightly annoyed is incorrect. Better to say 'Fiquei aborrecido com o trânsito'.
-
Incorrect gender/number agreement.
→
Ensuring the adjective matches the noun (histérico, histérica, histéricos, histéricas).
Forgetting to change the ending of 'histérico' is a common error. For instance, saying 'A menina ficou histérico' is wrong. It should be 'A menina ficou <mark>histérica</mark>' because 'menina' is feminine singular.
-
Pronouncing the initial 'h'.
→
Pronouncing it without the 'h' sound, like 'is-TEH-ree-ko'.
In Portuguese, the 'h' at the beginning of words is silent. Many learners incorrectly pronounce it as in English 'hysterical'. The correct pronunciation starts with a vowel sound.
-
Confusing 'histérico' with 'histriônico' for deliberate drama.
→
Using 'histérico' for uncontrollable emotion and 'histriônico' for theatrical, attention-seeking behavior.
'Histérico' is about loss of emotional control (fear, panic). 'Histriônico' is about performing or exaggerating emotions for effect. While both can seem dramatic, their underlying cause and nature differ significantly.
-
Using 'ser histérico' for a temporary reaction.
→
Using 'ficar histérico' for temporary reactions.
'Ficar histérico' signifies becoming hysterical in response to a situation. 'Ser histérico' implies it's a more permanent trait or tendency. Using 'ser' for a one-off reaction can sound odd.
Astuces
Gender and Number Agreement
Always remember that 'histérico' is an adjective and must agree with the noun it describes. Use 'histérico' for masculine singular, 'histérica' for feminine singular, 'histéricos' for masculine plural, and 'histéricas' for feminine plural.
Intensity Matters
'Histérico' denotes a very strong, often uncontrollable emotional state. Avoid using it for mild annoyance or excitement. Consider words like 'nervoso', 'chateado', or 'animado' for less intense emotions.
Pay Attention to Tone
When listening, the tone of voice can tell you if 'histérico' is being used seriously (describing genuine panic or distress) or humorously (exaggerating a reaction).
Silent 'H'
Remember that the 'h' at the beginning of 'histérico' is silent in Portuguese. The pronunciation is closer to 'is-TEH-ree-ko'.
Synonym Awareness
Familiarize yourself with synonyms like 'descontrolado', 'aflito', and 'em pânico' to choose the most precise word for the specific emotion and intensity.
Connect to Drama
Link 'histérico' to the idea of dramatic acting or 'histrionics' to remember its association with intense, often performative, emotional displays.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences using 'histérico' with different subjects and verbs like 'ficar' and 'ser'. This reinforces agreement and usage patterns.
Historical Roots
Be aware of the historical link between 'hysteria' and women, but understand that modern usage is gender-neutral. This background can add depth to your understanding.
Master Key Phrases
Learn common phrases like 'ficar histérico', 'reação histérica', and 'não seja histérico!' These are frequently used in everyday conversation.
Distinguish from Mild Emotions
Avoid labeling minor overreactions as 'histérico'. Reserve it for truly overwhelming and uncontrollable emotional states to maintain its specific meaning.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a very dramatic actor ('histrionics') on stage, losing all control and becoming incredibly emotional. This actor is so over-the-top they are 'histérico'. Think of a very loud, dramatic 'hiss' sound followed by a 'terrible' outburst.
Association visuelle
Picture a person dramatically clutching their head and wailing, with exaggerated facial expressions, surrounded by chaotic scribbles representing uncontrolled emotions. Or, imagine a theatrical mask that is cracking under extreme emotional pressure.
Word Web
Défi
Try to describe a movie scene where a character loses control due to fear. Use the word 'histérico' or 'histérica' in your description, ensuring it agrees with the character's gender.
Origine du mot
The word 'histérico' comes from the Latin 'hystericus', which itself derives from the Greek 'hysterikos'. This Greek term is related to 'hystera', meaning 'uterus'. Historically, 'hysteria' was a medical diagnosis, primarily applied to women, believed to be caused by a 'wandering womb'.
Sens originel : Pertaining to the uterus; a condition believed to affect women, characterized by emotional instability and physical symptoms.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > PortugueseContexte culturel
While 'histérico' is a common word, be mindful that describing someone as such can sometimes be perceived as judgmental, implying they lack self-control. The historical context of 'hysteria' being linked to women might also add a layer of sensitivity in certain discussions.
In English, 'hysterical' can describe uncontrollable laughter (often from amusement) or extreme emotional distress (panic, fear). The Portuguese 'histérico' leans more towards the latter, though it can also describe intense laughter.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Describing a child's strong emotional reaction.
- A criança ficou histérica.
- Ele estava histérico de medo.
- Não seja histérico, foi só um susto.
Talking about a shocking or frightening event.
- Fiquei histérico com a notícia.
- A reação foi histérica.
- Entrou num estado histérico.
Describing intense excitement or joy.
- Ficou histérico de alegria.
- A multidão reagiu de forma histérica.
- Um sucesso histórico!
Discussing dramatic or exaggerated behavior.
- Ele é muito histérico com isso.
- Fazer uma cena histérica.
- Não faças essa cara histérica.
In media or storytelling.
- Um grito histérico ecoou.
- O personagem entrou em pânico histérico.
- Uma cena histórica na televisão.
Amorces de conversation
"Have you ever seen someone react in a truly 'histérico' way?"
"How do you think people should react in emergencies? Calmly or sometimes 'histérico'?"
"Can you think of a funny situation where someone might be described as 'histérico'?"
"What's the difference between being 'histérico' and just being very emotional?"
"When is it okay to be 'histérico' and when is it not?"
Sujets d'écriture
Describe a time you felt overwhelmed by an emotion. Could that moment be described as 'histérico'?
Write about a fictional character who experiences a 'histérico' moment. What causes it, and how do they recover?
Reflect on how different cultures might view extreme emotional displays. Is being 'histérico' seen differently in Portugal than in your own culture?
Imagine you witness an accident. What emotions would you expect to see in the people involved, and could any of them be described as 'histérico'?
Write a short story where the climax involves a character becoming 'histérico'. Focus on the build-up and the aftermath.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsWhile 'histérico' most commonly describes negative emotions like fear, panic, or extreme sadness, it can occasionally be used to describe extreme, uncontrollable joy or excitement. For example, 'Ele ficou histérico de alegria quando ganhou o prémio!' (He became hysterical with joy when he won the prize!). However, its primary association is with distress.
No, although the historical medical term 'hysteria' was primarily applied to women, the adjective 'histérico' in modern Portuguese can be used to describe the emotional state of any person, regardless of gender. Remember to adjust the ending for gender and number: 'histérico' (masculine singular), 'histérica' (feminine singular), 'histéricos' (masculine plural), 'histéricas' (feminine plural).
'Ficar histérico' implies a change of state – becoming hysterical due to a specific event or situation. 'Ser histérico', on the other hand, suggests a more inherent characteristic or a tendency to behave in a hysterical manner. For example, 'Ela ficou histérica com a notícia' (She became hysterical with the news - temporary) vs. 'Ele é um pouco histérico com mudanças' (He is a bit hysterical about changes - a tendency).
Yes, 'histérico' can be used humorously, especially when exaggerating a reaction to something that isn't truly that serious. For example, someone might say, 'Eu fiquei histérico com a fome!' (I was hysterical with hunger!) to emphasize how extremely hungry they were, often with a smile.
The 'h' is silent in Portuguese. The stress is on the second syllable: his-TÉ-ri-co. The 'i' sounds like 'ee' in 'see', and the final 'o' is a short, unstressed sound. Practice saying it: tee-EH-ree-ko.
The most common mistakes are failing to agree the adjective's gender and number with the noun it modifies (e.g., saying 'a menino ficou histérico' instead of 'histérica'). Another mistake is using it for mild emotions where a less intense word would be more appropriate.
Yes, similar words include 'descontrolado' (uncontrolled), 'aflito' (distressed), 'em pânico' (in panic), and 'exaltado' (agitated). The choice depends on the specific emotion and intensity you want to convey.
The word comes from the Greek 'hysterikos', related to 'hystera' meaning 'uterus'. Historically, it was linked to a medical condition believed to affect women, characterized by emotional instability. This historical connection influences some perceptions of the word.
You can use mnemonics like associating it with a dramatic actor ('histrionics') losing control, or a hissing snake's panicked strike. Visualizing someone in extreme emotional distress can also help.
In formal contexts, 'histérico' might appear in psychological reports, historical analyses of social phenomena, or literary criticism to describe extreme emotional states or reactions, often with a more clinical or analytical tone. For example, 'O estudo analisou os surtos de comportamento histérico na população'.
Teste-toi 10 questions
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The Portuguese adjective 'histérico' describes a state of extreme, uncontrollable emotion, most commonly fear or panic. It implies a loss of composure and rational thought, leading to wild or irrational behavior. Remember to adjust its ending to match the gender and number of the noun it modifies: 'histérico' (masculine singular), 'histérica' (feminine singular), 'histéricos' (masculine plural), and 'histéricas' (feminine plural). It's often used with verbs like 'ficar' (to become) to indicate a change into this state.
- Histérico: Adjective for extreme, uncontrollable emotion (fear, panic).
- Describes wild, irrational behavior due to overwhelm.
- Agrees in gender and number: histérico, histérica, histéricos, histéricas.
- Often used with 'ficar' (to become) or 'ser' (to be).
Gender and Number Agreement
Always remember that 'histérico' is an adjective and must agree with the noun it describes. Use 'histérico' for masculine singular, 'histérica' for feminine singular, 'histéricos' for masculine plural, and 'histéricas' for feminine plural.
Intensity Matters
'Histérico' denotes a very strong, often uncontrollable emotional state. Avoid using it for mild annoyance or excitement. Consider words like 'nervoso', 'chateado', or 'animado' for less intense emotions.
Pay Attention to Tone
When listening, the tone of voice can tell you if 'histérico' is being used seriously (describing genuine panic or distress) or humorously (exaggerating a reaction).
Silent 'H'
Remember that the 'h' at the beginning of 'histérico' is silent in Portuguese. The pronunciation is closer to 'is-TEH-ree-ko'.
Contenu associé
Plus de mots sur emotions
a sério?
A2seriously?, an expression of surprise, disbelief, or to check earnestness
abalado
A2Ébranlé ou bouleversé. Il s'est senti très ébranlé après avoir entendu la nouvelle.
abalar
A2Ébranler ou troubler profondément. La nouvelle a ébranlé sa confiance.
abalo
A2Shock, emotional disturbance; a sudden, disturbing, or upsetting emotional experience.
abandonado
B1Left by the owner or inhabitants; deserted.
abatidamente
B1D'une manière abattue ou découragée. Il exprime un sentiment de défaite profonde et de fatigue physique ou morale.
abatido
A2Il a l'air abattu après l'annonce des résultats.
abatimento
A2Dejection; a sad and depressed state; low spirits.
abertamente
A2Ouvertement; d'une manière qui n'est pas cachée.
abismado
B1Filled with astonishment or wonder.
