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B2 verb 11 min de lecture

fastställa

Exemples fastställa en 30 secondes
Explication fastställa in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't really need to use 'fastställa'. It is a complex word. Instead, you should focus on the word 'bestämma', which means 'to decide'. If you want to say you have decided something, say 'Jag har bestämt'. However, it is good to recognize 'fastställa' if you see it on an official document or in the news. Just remember it means 'to make a final decision' or 'to find out the truth'. It is like saying 'This is how it is, and it is official'. You might see it on a sign for a bus schedule where it says 'Fastställd tidtabell', which means the schedule is official and won't change. Don't worry about using it yourself yet; just know that when you see it, someone in authority has made a firm choice.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to see more formal Swedish. You might encounter 'fastställa' in simple news articles or when dealing with Swedish authorities (like Migrationsverket or Skatteverket). Think of it as a 'fancy' version of 'bestämma'. While 'bestämma' is for you and your friends, 'fastställa' is for the government, doctors, and police. For example, if a doctor finds out why you are sick, they might 'fastställa' the cause. If a school sets a date for an exam, they 'fastställer' the date. You can try to use it in very specific situations, like when writing a formal email: 'Vi behöver fastställa en tid för mötet' (We need to establish a time for the meeting). It sounds more professional than just 'bestämma'.
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By B1, you should be able to distinguish between 'bestämma' and 'fastställa'. You will hear 'fastställa' often in the passive form 'fastställas'. This is very common in Swedish rules: 'Reglerna fastställs av styrelsen' (The rules are established by the board). You should start using it in your writing when you want to sound more objective and authoritative. For instance, in an essay about climate change, you wouldn't say 'Forskare bestämde att jorden blir varmare', you would say 'Forskare har fastställt att jorden blir varmare'. This shows that it's a fact based on evidence, not just a personal opinion. It’s also useful for talking about plans and schedules that are finalized.
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At the B2 level, 'fastställa' should be a regular part of your vocabulary. You are expected to use it correctly in professional and academic contexts. You should understand its nuances—that it implies a process of verification or an official act. You should also be comfortable with its different forms: fastställer (present), fastställde (past), and fastställt (perfect). At this level, you should also recognize the past participle 'fastställd' used as an adjective, such as 'en fastställd budget' or 'ett fastställt datum'. You should be able to use it with subordinate clauses, like 'Det är svårt att fastställa huruvida...' (It is difficult to determine whether...). This level of precision is exactly what B2 examiners look for.
At C1, you use 'fastställa' with precision and ease. You understand that it is a 'power word' in Swedish. You can use it to distinguish between observing a fact (konstatera) and officially establishing one (fastställa). You are also aware of related legal terms like 'stadfästa' (to ratify) and can choose 'fastställa' when it is the most appropriate register. You use it fluently in complex sentence structures, such as 'Efter en noggrann analys av källmaterialet kunde kommissionen slutligen fastställa att...' (After a careful analysis of the source material, the commission could finally establish that...). You also understand its use in specialized fields like law, medicine, and engineering without hesitation.
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At the C2 level, 'fastställa' is second nature. You use it to convey subtle shades of meaning regarding authority and certainty. You might use it rhetorically to emphasize the finality of a statement. You understand the historical weight of the word and how it functions in the highest levels of Swedish administration and jurisprudence. You can effortlessly switch between 'fastställa', 'avgöra', 'decidera', and 'stadfästa' depending on the exact legal or social context. You are also sensitive to its use in the passive voice to create an impersonal, objective tone in high-level reports or academic dissertations. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.
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Exemples

fastställa en 30 secondes

  • Fastställa is a formal verb meaning to determine or establish something officially.
  • It is commonly used in legal, medical, and administrative contexts in Sweden.
  • The word implies a process of verification or a final, authoritative decision.
  • It is more formal than 'bestämma' and focuses on facts and rules.

The Swedish verb fastställa is a cornerstone of formal, professional, and academic Swedish. At its core, it means to determine, establish, or fix something with a high degree of certainty or authority. Unlike the more common word bestämma (to decide), which can be used for everyday choices like what to eat for dinner, fastställa implies a process of verification, investigation, or official decree. It is the act of taking something that might be uncertain or fluid and making it 'fast' (firm) by 'setting' (ställa) it in place.

Legal Context
In the legal world, fastställa is used when a court confirms a verdict or establishes a fact that will have legal consequences. For example, 'fastställa faderskap' (establish paternity).
Scientific & Medical Context
Scientists use it when they have gathered enough evidence to state a fact. Doctors use it when they reach a definitive diagnosis after tests.
Administrative Context
Governments and organizations use it to set budgets, rules, or dates for elections. It signifies that the 'draft' phase is over and the 'final' phase has begun.

Regeringen har nu valt att fastställa budgeten för nästa år.

One of the most interesting aspects of fastställa is its inherent sense of finality. If you are 'fastställer' something, you are essentially saying that the debate is closed. It is often used in the passive voice (fastställas) in official documents to indicate that a rule has been set by a higher power. It is a word that carries weight; you wouldn't use it to describe deciding which movie to watch, but you would use it to describe a committee deciding the official policy for a nationwide film festival.

Polisen arbetar för att fastställa identiteten på den avlidne.

Furthermore, the word is frequently found in news headlines. When a new law is passed, or when a specific cause of an accident is found, the media will use this verb. It bridges the gap between 'finding out' (utreda) and 'declaring' (meddela). It is the culmination of an investigative process. If you hear this word in a conversation, pay attention—it usually means a significant conclusion is being reached or a mandatory rule is being established.

Etymological Nuance
The prefix 'fast-' relates to 'firm' or 'stuck,' and 'ställa' means 'to put.' So, literally, it means 'to put something so it stays firm.'

Det är svårt att fastställa exakt när händelsen ägde rum.

Kursplanen måste fastställas av fakultetsnämnden senast i maj.

Using fastställa correctly requires understanding its grammatical environment. It is a transitive verb, meaning it usually takes a direct object—the thing being determined or established. However, it is also frequently followed by subordinate clauses starting with att (that), hur (how), or om (if/whether).

Direct Object Usage
'Vi måste fastställa reglerna.' (We must establish the rules.) Here, 'reglerna' is the direct object. This is the most straightforward way to use the word.
With 'Att' Clauses
'Utredningen kunde fastställa att felet var mänskligt.' (The investigation could establish that the error was human.) This is common in reports and news.

Kan du fastställa värdet på den här tavlan?

One of the most common forms you will encounter is the past participle used as an adjective: fastställd (established/determined). You will see this on forms, in schedules, and in legal documents. For instance, 'en fastställd plan' (an established plan) or 'det fastställda priset' (the fixed price). This indicates that the decision is no longer up for debate; it is a 'fixed' reality.

Mötet syftar till att fastställa en gemensam strategi.

In questions, fastställa is often used to ask for precision. Instead of asking 'What is the price?', a professional might ask, 'Har man kunnat fastställa priset än?' (Has one been able to determine the price yet?). This implies that there might have been some difficulty or process involved in arriving at that price. It adds a layer of professionalism and seriousness to the inquiry.

Prepositional Patterns
It is often used with 'genom' (through/by) to describe the method: 'Man fastställde dödsorsaken genom en obduktion.'

Det går inte att fastställa vem som bär ansvaret.

Läkarna försöker fastställa om patienten har allergier.

You will likely encounter fastställa in environments where precision and authority are paramount. If you are living in Sweden, you will hear it in news broadcasts on SVT (Sveriges Television) or SR (Sveriges Radio) almost daily. It's a favorite word for news anchors when discussing government decisions, court rulings, or scientific breakthroughs.

The Workplace
In meetings, a manager might say, 'Vi behöver fastställa dagordningen' (We need to establish the agenda). It sounds more definitive than just 'looking at' the agenda.
Healthcare
When a doctor speaks to a patient or a colleague about a diagnosis: 'Vi har ännu inte kunnat fastställa orsaken till dina besvär.'

Hovrätten valde att fastställa tingsrättens dom.

In the Swedish legal system, the phrase 'fastställa en dom' is crucial. It means an appeals court (Hovrätten) agrees with the lower court's (Tingsrätten) decision and keeps it as it is. This is a very common headline in Swedish crime reporting. If you follow Swedish true crime podcasts or news, you will hear this verb constantly in relation to sentencing and evidence.

Det är myndighetens uppgift att fastställa säkerhetsregler.

Another place you'll see it is in academic textbooks and research papers. Researchers use it to describe the results of their studies: 'Studien kunde fastställa ett samband mellan...' (The study could establish a connection between...). It's the standard way to express that a hypothesis has been proven or a fact has been found. In university seminars, using fastställa correctly will make your arguments sound much more grounded and Swedish-like.

Finance & Real Estate
When buying a house, the 'taxeringsvärde' (tax assessment value) is 'fastställt' by the authorities. You'll see this word on your official property documents.

Vi kan nu fastställa att inga personskador uppstod.

Kommissionen ska fastställa nya riktlinjer för export.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with fastställa is using it in too casual a context. Because English uses 'determine' or 'establish' in various ways, learners often assume fastställa is a direct swap for 'decide'. However, if you say 'Jag ska fastställa vad vi ska äta till lunch' (I will establish what we shall eat for lunch), you sound like a robot or a very strange dictator.

Mistake: Over-Formality
Using it for personal decisions. Use bestämma or välja instead. 'Jag har bestämt mig' is correct; 'Jag har fastställt mig' is nonsensical.
Mistake: Confusing with 'Konstatera'
Konstatera means 'to note' or 'to observe a fact that is already there.' Fastställa means to actively make a decision or reach a definitive conclusion through effort. You 'konstaterar' that it's raining, but you 'fastställer' the cause of a climate shift.

Fel: Vi måste fastställa om vi ska gå på bio. (Too formal/weird)
Rätt: Vi måste bestämma om vi ska gå på bio.

Another common error is related to the word order and prepositions. Some learners try to use it with 'på' (like 'decide on'), but fastställa usually takes the object directly or uses a sub-clause. You don't 'fastställa på en plan,' you 'fastställer en plan.' Getting this right is a hallmark of reaching the B2/C1 level in Swedish.

Fel: Polisen har fastställt att han är tjuv. (Slightly awkward/judgmental)
Rätt: Polisen har kunnat fastställa att han befann sig på platsen.

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse fastställa with bekräfta (to confirm). While they are related, bekräfta is usually about verifying something that was already suspected or claimed. Fastställa is about the initial act of setting the truth or the rule. If someone says 'I'm pregnant,' the doctor 'bekräftar' it. If the doctor does a test to see if someone is pregnant without knowing, they 'fastställer' the pregnancy status.

Register Errors
Using fastställa in a text message to a friend about meeting times will make you sound like you are writing a legal contract. Stick to bestämma or spika (informal for 'nail down').

Kan vi fastställa en tid för fika? (Incorrect register; sounds like a formal hearing)

Man kunde inte fastställa brandorsaken trots en lång utredning.

Swedish has several verbs that overlap with fastställa, and choosing the right one is key to sounding natural. Let's look at the most common alternatives and how they differ in nuance and usage.

Bestämma vs Fastställa
Bestämma is the general word for 'to decide.' It's used for everything from personal choices to executive decisions. Fastställa is more specific; it's the official act of making something final or proving a fact. You bestämmer to go to the park, but the government fastställer the park's boundaries.
Avgöra vs Fastställa
Avgöra means 'to settle' or 'to determine the outcome.' It's often used in competitions or debates. 'Matchen avgjordes på straffar' (The match was decided on penalties). Fastställa is more about establishing a truth or a rule than about the outcome of a struggle.
Konstatera vs Fastställa
Konstatera is 'to state' or 'to observe.' It implies that the fact is already obvious. 'Vi kan konstatera att det är kallt ute.' Fastställa implies a process of making it certain. You might fastställa the exact temperature using a calibrated thermometer.

Läkaren kunde fastställa diagnosen efter flera tester.

Other less common but useful synonyms include fixera (to fix/set, often used for prices or physical positions) and stadfästa (a very formal word for 'confirm' or 'ratify,' often used for laws or treaties). If you are talking about setting a price, fastställa is the standard, but fixera implies it won't change at all. If you are talking about a king signing a law, you might use stadfästa.

Det är svårt att fastställa de långsiktiga effekterna av beslutet.

In a technical or mathematical context, you might see bestämma used where English uses 'determine' (e.g., 'bestämma värdet på x'). In these specific academic cases, bestämma and fastställa can sometimes be used interchangeably, but fastställa still carries a stronger sense of 'confirming' a physical or legal reality rather than just solving a puzzle.

Summary of Nuance
Bestämma: General decision. Fastställa: Official/Scientific determination. Avgöra: Deciding an outcome. Konstatera: Noting a fact. Spika: Informal finalization.

Rätten kommer att fastställa straffet vid nästa förhandling.

Vi kan nu fastställa att provsvaren var negativa.

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Exemples par niveau

1

De ska fastställa reglerna.

They will establish the rules.

Simple future with 'ska'.

2

Vi måste fastställa en tid.

We must establish a time.

Modal verb 'måste' + infinitive.

3

Vem kan fastställa priset?

Who can determine the price?

Question with 'vem'.

4

De vill fastställa datumet.

They want to establish the date.

Verb 'vill' + infinitive.

5

Är priset fastställt?

Is the price established?

Passive participle used as an adjective.

6

Vi kan inte fastställa det nu.

We cannot determine it now.

Negative 'inte' with modal 'kan'.

7

Kan du fastställa namnet?

Can you determine the name?

Direct object 'namnet'.

8

De har fastställt planen.

They have established the plan.

Present perfect tense.

1

Läkaren ska fastställa vad som är fel.

The doctor will determine what is wrong.

Subordinate clause 'vad som är fel'.

2

Polisen försöker fastställa identiteten.

The police are trying to determine the identity.

Verb 'försöker' + infinitive.

3

Man måste fastställa orsaken till olyckan.

One must determine the cause of the accident.

Impersonal pronoun 'man'.

4

Styrelsen har valt att fastställa budgeten.

The board has chosen to establish the budget.

Verb 'valt att' + infinitive.

5

Det är svårt att fastställa exakt tid.

It is difficult to determine the exact time.

Adjective 'svårt' + infinitive.

6

Vi behöver fastställa nya mål för skolan.

We need to establish new goals for the school.

Plural object 'nya mål'.

7

Kan vi fastställa hur vi ska göra?

Can we determine how we shall do it?

Subordinate clause 'hur vi ska göra'.

8

De har fastställt resultatet av testet.

They have determined the result of the test.

Noun 'resultatet' in definite form.

1

Utredningen syftar till att fastställa sanningen.

The investigation aims to establish the truth.

Phrase 'syftar till att'.

2

Man har ännu inte kunnat fastställa dödsorsaken.

One has not yet been able to determine the cause of death.

Adverb 'ännu inte' (not yet).

3

Domstolen kommer att fastställa domen i morgon.

The court will establish the verdict tomorrow.

Future tense with 'kommer att'.

4

Det är viktigt att fastställa tydliga riktlinjer.

It is important to establish clear guidelines.

Adjective 'viktigt' + infinitive.

5

Forskarna har fastställt att metoden fungerar.

The researchers have established that the method works.

Subordinate clause with 'att'.

6

Vi måste fastställa vem som bär ansvaret.

We must determine who bears the responsibility.

Subordinate clause 'vem som bär ansvaret'.

7

Priset fastställs en gång per år.

The price is established once per year.

Passive voice with -s suffix.

8

Kan man fastställa värdet på fastigheten?

Can one determine the value of the property?

Preposition 'på' used with 'värdet'.

1

Kommissionen har i uppdrag att fastställa nya normer.

The commission has the task of establishing new norms.

Phrase 'ha i uppdrag att'.

2

Det går inte att fastställa huruvida han talar sanning.

It is not possible to determine whether he is telling the truth.

Subordinate clause 'huruvida' (whether).

3

Regeringen har fastställt en ny strategi för miljön.

The government has established a new strategy for the environment.

Noun 'strategi' in indefinite form.

4

Vi måste fastställa omfattningen av skadorna.

We must determine the extent of the damage.

Genitive construction 'omfattningen av'.

5

Läkaren kunde fastställa diagnosen genom ett blodprov.

The doctor could determine the diagnosis through a blood test.

Preposition 'genom' (through).

6

Det fastställda datumet för valet är den 11 september.

The established date for the election is September 11th.

Past participle 'fastställda' as an adjective.

7

Myndigheten ska fastställa villkoren för bidraget.

The authority shall establish the conditions for the grant.

Noun 'villkoren' (the conditions).

8

Hovrätten valde att fastställa tingsrättens dom.

The court of appeal chose to uphold the district court's verdict.

Legal terminology.

1

Det är angeläget att fastställa ansvarsfördelningen i projektet.

It is urgent to establish the distribution of responsibility in the project.

Advanced adjective 'angeläget' (urgent).

2

Man har svårt att fastställa kausaliteten i studien.

One has difficulty establishing the causality in the study.

Academic term 'kausaliteten' (causality).

3

Rapporten syftar till att fastställa eventuella brister.

The report aims to identify/establish any potential deficiencies.

Adjective 'eventuella' (potential/any).

4

Det åligger styrelsen att fastställa verksamhetsplanen.

It is the board's duty to establish the operational plan.

Formal verb 'åligger' (is the duty of).

5

Genom DNA-teknik kan man nu fastställa släktskap.

Through DNA technology, one can now establish kinship.

Compound noun 'DNA-teknik'.

6

Det är omöjligt att fastställa det exakta händelseförloppet.

It is impossible to establish the exact sequence of events.

Compound noun 'händelseförloppet'.

7

Kommunen ska fastställa en ny detaljplan för området.

The municipality shall establish a new detailed plan for the area.

Technical term 'detaljplan'.

8

Man har fastställt att substansen är skadlig för hälsan.

It has been established that the substance is harmful to health.

Subordinate clause 'att substansen är skadlig'.

1

Det vilar på åklagaren att fastställa den tilltalades skuld.

It rests upon the prosecutor to establish the guilt of the accused.

Formal phrase 'vilar på'.

2

Man har lyckats fastställa sändningens ursprung.

One has succeeded in determining the origin of the transmission.

Verb 'lyckats' + infinitive.

3

Fördraget syftar till att fastställa gränserna mellan länderna.

The treaty aims to establish the borders between the countries.

Noun 'fördraget' (the treaty).

4

Det är vanskligt att fastställa värdet av dylika ting.

It is precarious to determine the value of such things.

Archaic/formal 'dylika' (such).

5

Forskningen har ännu inte kunnat fastställa verkningsmekanismen.

Research has not yet been able to establish the mechanism of action.

Scientific term 'verkningsmekanismen'.

6

Rätten fann det styrkt och valde att fastställa domen.

The court found it proven and chose to uphold the verdict.

Legal phrase 'fann det styrkt'.

7

Man bör fastställa huruvida incitamenten är tillräckliga.

One should determine whether the incentives are sufficient.

Formal noun 'incitamenten'.

8

Det åligger oss att fastställa de moraliska principerna.

It is our duty to establish the moral principles.

Formal register.

Synonymes

bestämma avgöra konstatera fixera stadfästa verifiera klargöra utröna

Antonymes

ändra ifrågasätta upphäva tvivla

Collocations courantes

fastställa faderskap
fastställa en diagnos
fastställa en budget
fastställa identiteten
fastställa dödsorsaken
fastställa en dom
fastställa riktlinjer
fastställa ett datum
fastställa ett pris
fastställa ett samband

Phrases Courantes

Det går inte att fastställa

— It is impossible to determine.

Det går inte att fastställa vem som vann.

Svårt att fastställa

— Difficult to determine.

Det är svårt att fastställa exakt vad som hände.

Fastställa genom...

— Determine through a specific method.

Man fastställde felet genom tester.

Härmed fastställs...

— Hereby it is established (legal).

Härmed fastställs de nya reglerna.

Fastställa i lag

— Establish in law.

Rättigheten är fastställd i lag.

Försöka fastställa

— Try to determine.

Vi ska försöka fastställa orsaken.

Behöva fastställa

— Need to establish.

Vi behöver fastställa en plan.

Kunna fastställa

— Be able to determine.

Ingen kunde fastställa sanningen.

Välja att fastställa
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