यह पेज आपकी भाषा में
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文
A2 verb #3,000 सबसे आम 12 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

بنا کردن

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate the Persian language. While 'بنا کردن' (bana kardan) is technically an A2 word due to its slightly formal nature, A1 learners can easily understand its core concept: building something big. At this stage, you should focus on the literal meaning. Imagine a house, a school, or a hospital. When people make these big buildings, they use 'بنا کردن'. It is very similar to the word 'ساختن' (sakhtan), which means to make or build. For example, if you want to say 'They built a house', you can say 'آنها یک خانه بنا کردند' (Anha yek khane bana kardand). The word is made of two parts: 'بنا' (bana), which means foundation or building, and 'کردن' (kardan), which means to do. Because 'کردن' is a very common verb that you learn early on, conjugating this new word is easy. You just change 'کردن' like you normally do: من بنا می‌کنم (I build), تو بنا می‌کنی (You build), او بنا می‌کند (He/She builds). Do not worry about the complex metaphorical meanings yet. Just associate this word with construction workers, bricks, and new buildings in a city. It is a great word to recognize when reading simple texts about cities or watching basic news programs.
At the A2 level, you are expanding your vocabulary to describe the world around you in more detail. 'بنا کردن' is a perfect fit for this stage. You already know 'ساختن' (to build/make), but 'بنا کردن' sounds a bit more serious and is specifically used for structures that have a foundation. You will use it to talk about building houses, schools, bridges, and mosques. You should also start practicing it in different tenses, especially the simple past and the present continuous. For example, 'دولت یک مدرسه جدید بنا کرد' (The government built a new school) or 'کارگران در حال بنا کردن یک پل هستند' (The workers are building a bridge). At this level, you should also learn the negative form. Remember that the 'ن' (na) goes on the verb part: 'بنا نکرد' (did not build). You might also start noticing the passive form 'بنا شد' (was built) in simple reading passages about historical places, like 'این قلعه قدیمی سال‌ها پیش بنا شد' (This old castle was built years ago). Mastering 'بنا کردن' at the A2 level gives you a more mature and precise way to talk about construction and urban development compared to just using 'ساختن' for everything.
Reaching the B1 level means you are ready to move beyond physical objects and start exploring abstract concepts. This is where 'بنا کردن' becomes incredibly useful. While you will still use it to talk about building physical structures, you will now start using it metaphorically to mean 'to establish' or 'to found'. For instance, you can talk about founding a company, an organization, or a system. 'او یک شرکت جدید بنا کرد' (He founded a new company). At this stage, you must learn to use the preposition 'بر' (bar - on) or the phrase 'بر پایه' (bar paye - on the foundation of) when discussing what something is based on. For example, 'این قانون بر پایه عدالت بنا شده است' (This law is built on the foundation of justice). This structure is essential for expressing opinions and discussing societal rules. You should also become comfortable with the passive voice 'بنا شدن' (to be built/established) in various tenses, as it is very common in news and informational texts. Furthermore, you can start comparing 'بنا کردن' with synonyms like 'تأسیس کردن' (to establish) and understand that they can often be used interchangeably in business contexts, though 'بنا کردن' retains a stronger sense of laying a groundwork.
At the B2 level, your Persian is becoming fluent and nuanced. Your use of 'بنا کردن' should reflect this sophistication. You are now expected to read and understand news articles, opinion pieces, and historical texts where this verb is used extensively. You will encounter it in complex sentences involving subjunctive moods and conditional clauses. For example, 'اگر بخواهیم جامعه‌ای سالم بنا کنیم، باید از آموزش شروع کنیم' (If we want to build a healthy society, we must start with education). You should also be adept at using it in highly abstract contexts, such as building trust, relationships, or philosophical arguments. 'اعتماد بین دو کشور بر اساس منافع مشترک بنا شده است' (Trust between the two countries has been built on the basis of mutual interests). At this level, you must distinguish clearly between 'بنا کردن', 'تأسیس کردن', 'احداث کردن', and 'بنیان نهادن', choosing the exact right word for the specific register and context. 'بنا کردن' is your go-to verb for emphasizing the structural integrity and foundational basis of both physical and abstract entities. You should also be comfortable with related nouns like 'بنیانگذار' (founder) and 'بنا' (the building itself or the mason).
As a C1 learner, you are engaging with advanced literature, academic papers, and professional discourse. 'بنا کردن' is a tool for articulate and persuasive communication. You will use it to analyze historical events, critique philosophical systems, and discuss complex organizational structures. You understand the subtle rhetorical power of using a physical metaphor (building) for abstract concepts. In academic writing, you will frequently use the passive voice to maintain an objective tone: 'این نظریه بر مفروضات نادرستی بنا شده است' (This theory is built on incorrect assumptions). You will also encounter and use highly literary variations like 'بنیان نهادن' in formal speech or writing. At this stage, you are not just translating; you are thinking in Persian. You know instinctively that while you can 'تأسیس کردن' a bank, you 'بنا کردن' a legacy or a civilization. You are also familiar with idiomatic expressions or poetic uses where the concept of the 'foundation' (بنا) is central to the meaning. Your mastery of the verb includes flawless execution of complex verb tenses, such as the past perfect continuous or the passive subjunctive, ensuring your academic and professional Persian is impeccable.
At the C2 level, your command of 'بنا کردن' is native-like. You appreciate its etymological roots in Arabic and its seamless integration into Persian morphology. You can play with the word in literary, poetic, and rhetorical contexts. You understand how classical Persian poets like Ferdowsi or Hafez might use the concept of 'بنا' to contrast the physical world with the spiritual. You can effortlessly switch between 'بنا کردن', 'پی‌ریزی کردن', 'شالوده‌ریزی کردن', and 'بنیان نهادن' depending on the exact rhythm, tone, and historical weight you wish to convey in your writing or speech. You can use it in spontaneous, high-level debates about politics, sociology, or philosophy, using structures like 'بنای این استدلال بر پایه‌های سستی استوار است' (The foundation of this argument rests on weak pillars). You recognize the cultural resonance of the word in a country with thousands of years of architectural and imperial history. The verb is no longer just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual framework through which you can articulate the creation, endurance, and eventual decay of human endeavors in the Persian language.
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

بنا کردن 30 सेकंड में

  • Means 'to build' or 'to establish'.
  • Used for both physical buildings and abstract institutions.
  • Compound verb: بنا (foundation) + کردن (to do).
  • Often paired with 'بر' (on) for metaphorical foundations.

The Persian compound verb بنا کردن (bana kardan) is a fundamental vocabulary item that translates to 'to build', 'to establish', or 'to found'. It is composed of the Arabic-derived noun 'بنا' (bana), meaning foundation, building, or structure, and the Persian light verb 'کردن' (kardan), meaning to do or to make. Understanding this verb requires a deep dive into both its literal and metaphorical applications in the Persian language. When we talk about physical structures, this verb is synonymous with 'ساختن' (sakhtan). However, its usage extends far beyond mere bricks and mortar. It is frequently employed in contexts involving the creation of institutions, systems, theories, and even relationships. The concept of laying a foundation is central to its meaning, implying a sense of permanence, stability, and deliberate construction. In historical contexts, kings and emperors are often described as having 'founded' (بنا کردند) cities or empires. In modern contexts, entrepreneurs 'establish' (بنا می‌کنند) companies or startups. This duality of meaning makes it a versatile and essential verb for learners aiming for proficiency. Let us explore its various facets through detailed examples and structural breakdowns.

Literal Meaning
To physically construct a building, monument, or infrastructure. This involves architectural planning and physical labor.

آنها یک مدرسه جدید در روستا بنا کردند.

They built a new school in the village.

As seen in the example above, the physical construction is clear. The focus is on the creation of a tangible entity. But what happens when the object of the verb is intangible? This brings us to the metaphorical usage.

Metaphorical Meaning
To establish an organization, a system of thought, a tradition, or a relationship based on specific principles.

او شرکت خود را بر پایه صداقت بنا کرد.

He founded his company on the basis of honesty.

The distinction between the literal and metaphorical is crucial for advanced comprehension. Furthermore, the verb can be used in passive constructions, which is very common in formal and journalistic Persian. The passive form is 'بنا شدن' (bana shodan), meaning 'to be built' or 'to be established'.

Passive Usage
Used when the creator or builder is unknown, irrelevant, or intentionally omitted to focus on the structure itself.

این مسجد در قرن شانزدهم بنا شد.

This mosque was built in the sixteenth century.

Notice how the passive voice shifts the focus entirely to the subject being built. This is a hallmark of academic and historical writing in Persian. To master this verb, one must also understand its conjugations across different tenses. The past stem is 'بنا کرد' (bana kard) and the present stem is 'بنا کن' (bana kon). The regular conjugation rules for compound verbs apply here, making it relatively straightforward for learners who have grasped the basics of Persian verb morphology.

ما آینده‌ای روشن بنا خواهیم کرد.

We will build a bright future.

In summary, 'بنا کردن' is not just a word for construction workers; it is a word for visionaries, founders, and creators. It encapsulates the human desire to leave a lasting mark, whether through a towering skyscraper or a groundbreaking philosophical treatise. By integrating this verb into your vocabulary, you unlock a powerful tool for expressing creation and establishment in Persian.

دولت تصمیم دارد بیمارستان‌های بیشتری بنا کند.

The government has decided to build more hospitals.

Using بنا کردن correctly requires an understanding of Persian sentence structure, specifically the placement of compound verbs and their interaction with direct and indirect objects. In Persian, verbs typically appear at the end of the sentence (SOV word order). As a compound verb, 'بنا کردن' consists of a non-verbal element ('بنا') and a verbal element ('کردن'). In most affirmative sentences, these two parts stay together at the end. However, in negative sentences, progressive tenses, or when using modal verbs, the structure can shift slightly. Let us examine the syntactic behavior of this verb in various contexts to ensure grammatical accuracy and natural phrasing.

Basic Affirmative Structure
Subject + Object + (ra) + بنا کرد/می‌کند.

مهندسان پل جدیدی را بنا می‌کنند.

The engineers are building a new bridge.

In the example above, 'پل جدیدی' (a new bridge) is the direct object. Because it is a specific, defined object in the context of the sentence (even with the indefinite 'ی'), the object marker 'را' (ra) is often used, though it can be omitted if the object is highly indefinite. When negating the verb, the negative prefix 'ن' (na/ne) attaches to the verbal part 'کردن'.

Negative Structure
Subject + Object + بنا + نـ + verb stem.

آنها هیچ ساختمانی در این منطقه بنا نکردند.

They did not build any building in this area.

Another critical aspect of using 'بنا کردن' is its use with prepositions. When expressing the foundation or basis upon which something is built (especially metaphorically), the preposition 'بر' (bar - on/upon) is standard. This is frequently expanded to 'بر پایه' (bar paye - on the foundation of) or 'بر اساس' (bar asas - on the basis of).

Usage with Prepositions
Object + را + بر (پایه/اساس) + Concept + بنا کردن.

نویسنده داستان خود را بر واقعیت بنا کرده است.

The author has based (built) his story on reality.

This structure is highly prevalent in academic, literary, and formal discourse. It elevates the language and demonstrates a sophisticated command of Persian syntax. Furthermore, when dealing with compound verbs in the subjunctive mood—which is triggered by modal verbs like 'باید' (bayad - must) or 'خواستن' (khastan - to want)—the prefix 'ب' (be) is typically omitted because the non-verbal part 'بنا' already fulfills the phonetic requirement, or it is simply a rule for many compound verbs with 'کردن'.

ما باید یک سیستم جدید بنا کنیم.

We must build a new system.

Lastly, let us consider the passive voice, which is essential for describing historical monuments or established institutions where the founder is secondary to the establishment itself. The passive is formed by replacing 'کردن' with 'شدن' (shodan - to become).

این دانشگاه در سال ۱۳۵۰ بنا شد.

This university was founded in the year 1350 (Solar Hijri).

Mastering these structural variations ensures that you can deploy 'بنا کردن' accurately across a wide range of contexts, from casual conversations about construction to profound discussions about philosophy and history.

The verb بنا کردن permeates various registers of the Persian language, from the highly formal and historical to the everyday and conversational. Its presence is ubiquitous because the concept of building and establishing is central to human activity. You will encounter this word in news broadcasts, historical documentaries, literature, business meetings, and casual chats about urban development. Understanding the contexts in which it is most frequently used will help you grasp its nuances and apply it appropriately. Let us explore the primary domains where 'بنا کردن' is a staple of the vocabulary.

Historical and Architectural Contexts
This is perhaps the most classic domain for the word. Tour guides, history books, and documentaries use it extensively to describe the creation of monuments, palaces, and ancient cities.

کوروش کبیر پاسارگاد را بنا کرد.

Cyrus the Great founded Pasargadae.

In these settings, the word carries a weight of grandeur and permanence. It is not just about putting stones together; it is about creating a legacy. When visiting Iran, you will hear this word repeatedly at sites like Persepolis, Isfahan's Naqsh-e Jahan Square, and various ancient mosques and bazaars.

Business and Institutional Contexts
In the modern era, the verb has seamlessly transitioned into the corporate and institutional world. It is used to describe the founding of companies, NGOs, universities, and government bodies.

او یک موسسه خیریه برای کودکان بنا کرد.

She established a charitable institution for children.

News anchors frequently use this term when reporting on national infrastructure projects, such as the building of new dams, highways, or power plants. It conveys a sense of national progress and development.

Abstract and Philosophical Contexts
Writers, philosophers, and speakers use the word metaphorically to discuss the creation of theories, arguments, or systems of belief.

کانت فلسفه خود را بر اساس عقلانیت بنا کرد.

Kant built his philosophy on the basis of rationality.

This abstract usage is highly prevalent in academic writing and intellectual debates. It shows that the foundation being laid is cognitive rather than physical. Furthermore, in interpersonal relationships, people might talk about 'building' trust or a life together.

ما زندگی مشترکمان را با عشق بنا کردیم.

We built our shared life with love.

Finally, in everyday conversation, while 'ساختن' (sakhtan) might be more common for simple things like building a toy or a small wall, 'بنا کردن' is still used when the speaker wants to emphasize the effort, planning, or significance of the construction. By tuning your ear to these different contexts, you will appreciate the versatility and depth of this essential Persian verb.

شهرداری پارک جدیدی در مرکز شهر بنا می‌کند.

The municipality is building a new park in the city center.

While بنا کردن is a relatively straightforward compound verb, learners often stumble over a few specific grammatical and contextual hurdles. These mistakes usually stem from direct translation from the learner's native language, confusion with similar Persian verbs, or a misunderstanding of how compound verbs operate in complex sentences. By identifying and analyzing these common pitfalls, you can refine your Persian and sound more like a native speaker. Let us delve into the most frequent errors associated with this verb.

Mistake 1: Incorrect Negation Placement
A classic error with Persian compound verbs is placing the negative prefix 'ن' (na/ne) on the noun part instead of the verb part.

Incorrect: آنها نبنا کردند.
Correct: آنها بنا نکردند.

They did not build.

The noun 'بنا' must remain untouched. The negation always attaches to the auxiliary verb 'کردن'. This rule applies universally to all compound verbs in Persian, making it a crucial habit to form early in your learning journey.

Mistake 2: Overusing 'بنا کردن' for Simple Objects
Learners sometimes use this verb for small, insignificant acts of building or making, where 'ساختن' (sakhtan) or 'درست کردن' (dorost kardan) would be more appropriate.

Awkward: من یک کاردستی بنا کردم.
Natural: من یک کاردستی ساختم.

I made a craft.

Understanding the scale and gravity of the verb is important. 'بنا کردن' implies a significant undertaking. Using it for minor tasks sounds humorous or overly dramatic to a native speaker.

Mistake 3: Forgetting the Preposition 'بر' in Metaphors
When using the verb metaphorically to mean 'basing something on something else', learners often forget the necessary prepositions.

Incorrect: او تئوری خود را علم بنا کرد.
Correct: او تئوری خود را بر علم بنا کرد.

He based his theory on science.

The preposition 'بر' (bar - on) or the phrase 'بر پایه' (bar paye - on the foundation of) is essential to connect the object being built with its conceptual foundation. Without it, the sentence lacks grammatical cohesion and meaning.

اعتماد باید بر اساس صداقت بنا شود.

Trust must be built on the basis of honesty.

By paying attention to these structural and semantic details, you can avoid the common traps that mark speech as non-native. Remember: negate the verb, match the scale of the object to the gravity of the word, and use the correct prepositions for metaphorical foundations.

این قلعه توسط پادشاهان قدیم بنا شده است.

This castle has been built by ancient kings.

The Persian language is rich in vocabulary related to creation, construction, and establishment. While بنا کردن is a highly versatile and common choice, knowing its synonyms and related terms allows for more precise and varied expression. Depending on whether you are talking about physical architecture, corporate establishment, or abstract creation, different words might be more suitable. Let us explore the landscape of similar words, comparing their nuances and specific use cases to help you choose the perfect word for your context.

ساختن (Sakhtan)
This is the most general and common verb for 'to make' or 'to build'. It is a simple verb, not a compound, and can be used for almost anything, from building a house to making a movie or crafting a tool.

آنها یک خانه چوبی ساختند.

They built a wooden house.

Compared to 'بنا کردن', 'ساختن' is less formal and broader in scope. While you can 'ساختن' a house (just as you can 'بنا کردن' it), you cannot 'بنا کردن' a sandwich or a toy; you must 'ساختن' or 'درست کردن' them.

تأسیس کردن (Tasis Kardan)
This Arabic-derived compound verb specifically means 'to establish' or 'to found', primarily used for institutions, companies, organizations, and systems.

او یک شرکت نرم‌افزاری تأسیس کرد.

He established a software company.

Another excellent synonym for metaphorical or foundational building is 'بنیان نهادن' (bonyan nahadan). This is a highly literary and formal term, often used in academic or historical texts to describe the laying of a foundation, whether for a dynasty, a philosophical school, or a major institution.

بنیان نهادن (Bonyan Nahadan)
To lay the foundation, to found. Very formal and literary.

فردوسی کاخی بلند از نظم بنیان نهاد.

Ferdowsi founded a tall palace of poetry.

For physical construction, especially in civil engineering or urban planning contexts, 'احداث کردن' (ehdas kardan) is frequently used. It implies the creation of infrastructure like roads, parks, or large facilities.

شهرداری یک بزرگراه جدید احداث کرد.

The municipality constructed a new highway.

By understanding these distinctions, you can elevate your Persian from functional to fluent. 'بنا کردن' sits comfortably in the middle of this spectrum—formal enough for history and business, yet common enough for everyday discussions about construction. It bridges the gap between the physical 'ساختن' and the institutional 'تأسیس کردن'.

این بیمارستان برای کمک به نیازمندان ایجاد شد.

This hospital was created to help the needy. (Using 'ایجاد کردن' - to create/generate).

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

""

अनौपचारिक

""

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

آنها یک خانه بنا کردند.

They built a house.

Simple past tense of a compound verb. Subject + Object + Verb.

2

من یک دیوار بنا می‌کنم.

I am building a wall.

Present tense. 'من' (I) takes the 'م' ending on 'کردن'.

3

او مدرسه بنا کرد.

He built a school.

Simple past, third person singular.

4

ما پل بنا می‌کنیم.

We build a bridge.

Present tense, first person plural.

5

علی یک اتاق بنا کرد.

Ali built a room.

Proper noun as subject.

6

آنها بیمارستان بنا نکردند.

They did not build a hospital.

Negative simple past. 'ن' attaches to 'کرد'.

7

شما چه چیزی بنا می‌کنید؟

What are you building?

Question word 'چه چیزی' (what).

8

پدرم یک مغازه بنا کرد.

My father built a shop.

Possessive pronoun attached to subject.

1

دولت سال گذشته یک کتابخانه بزرگ بنا کرد.

The government built a large library last year.

Use of time marker 'سال گذشته' (last year).

2

کارگران در حال بنا کردن یک مسجد هستند.

The workers are building a mosque.

Present continuous using 'در حال ... بودن'.

3

این ساختمان قدیمی صد سال پیش بنا شد.

This old building was built a hundred years ago.

Passive voice 'بنا شد' (was built).

4

آنها می‌خواهند یک هتل جدید در شهر بنا کنند.

They want to build a new hotel in the city.

Subjunctive mood after 'می‌خواهند' (they want).

5

پدربزرگ من این خانه را با دست‌های خودش بنا کرد.

My grandfather built this house with his own hands.

Use of 'را' for specific direct object.

6

آیا شما این دیوار را بنا کردید؟

Did you build this wall?

Yes/No question in the past tense.

7

ما فردا کار بنا کردن را شروع می‌کنیم.

We will start the building work tomorrow.

Using the infinitive 'بنا کردن' as a noun.

8

هیچ مدرسه‌ای در این روستا بنا نشده است.

No school has been built in this village.

Present perfect passive negative.

1

او شرکت موفق خود را از صفر بنا کرد.

He built his successful company from scratch.

Metaphorical use for establishing a business.

2

این قانون بر پایه عدالت و برابری بنا شده است.

This law is built on the foundation of justice and equality.

Use of 'بر پایه' (on the foundation of).

3

برای بنا کردن یک آینده بهتر، باید سخت کار کنیم.

To build a better future, we must work hard.

Infinitive phrase expressing purpose 'برای بنا کردن'.

4

آنها توانستند یک سیستم آموزشی جدید بنا کنند.

They were able to establish a new educational system.

Modal verb 'توانستند' followed by subjunctive.

5

رابطه ما بر اساس اعتماد متقابل بنا شده بود.

Our relationship had been built on mutual trust.

Past perfect passive 'بنا شده بود'.

6

شهرداری تصمیم گرفته است یک پارک بزرگ در مرکز شهر بنا کند.

The municipality has decided to build a large park in the city center.

Present perfect followed by subjunctive.

7

بنا کردن یک کسب و کار جدید نیازمند سرمایه است.

Establishing a new business requires capital.

Gerund use of the infinitive as the subject.

8

این امپراتوری توسط کوروش کبیر بنا گردید.

This empire was founded by Cyrus the Great.

Formal passive using 'گردید' instead of 'شد'.

1

دموکراسی باید بر اراده آزاد مردم بنا شود تا پایدار بماند.

Democracy must be built on the free will of the people to remain stable.

Complex sentence with subjunctive and purpose clause.

2

نویسنده، داستان رمان خود را بر اساس وقایع تاریخی بنا کرده است.

The author has based the story of his novel on historical events.

Present perfect tense in a literary context.

3

اگر پایه‌های اقتصاد محکم بنا نشود، بحران اجتناب‌ناپذیر خواهد بود.

If the foundations of the economy are not built firmly, a crisis will be inevitable.

Conditional sentence (Type 1) with passive voice.

4

استاد استدلال خود را بر پیش‌فرض‌های کاملاً متفاوتی بنا نهاد.

The professor based his argument on completely different premises.

Use of the more formal synonym 'بنا نهاد'.

5

تلاش‌های آنها برای بنا کردن یک جامعه مدنی مستقل با شکست مواجه شد.

Their efforts to build an independent civil society met with failure.

Abstract noun phrase as the object of the infinitive.

6

بنا کردن دیوارهای بی‌اعتمادی بین دو کشور، به نفع هیچ‌کس نیست.

Building walls of distrust between the two countries is in no one's interest.

Metaphorical use of 'دیوار' (wall) with 'بنا کردن'.

7

این موسسه خیریه با هدف کمک به کودکان کار بنا گردیده است.

This charity institution has been established with the aim of helping child laborers.

Formal present perfect passive 'بنا گردیده است'.

8

آنها در حال بنا کردن زیرساخت‌هایی هستند که برای دهه‌ها دوام خواهد آورد.

They are building infrastructures that will last for decades.

Relative clause modifying the object.

1

فلسفه کانت بر شالوده‌ای از نقد عقل محض بنا شده است که درک آن نیازمند تعمق است.

Kant's philosophy is built on a foundation of the critique of pure reason, the understanding of which requires deep reflection.

Highly abstract academic sentence structure.

2

تمدن‌های باستانی غالباً در کنار رودخانه‌های بزرگ بنا می‌شدند تا دسترسی به آب تضمین شود.

Ancient civilizations were often built alongside large rivers to ensure access to water.

Past continuous passive expressing a historical habit.

3

منتقدان معتقدند که این توافقنامه بر مفروضات ژئوپلیتیکی نادرستی بنا گردیده است.

Critics believe that this agreement has been built on incorrect geopolitical assumptions.

Reported speech with formal passive.

4

هنر معماری اسلامی، فضاهایی را بنا می‌کند که حس روحانیت و آرامش را القا می‌نمایند.

The art of Islamic architecture builds spaces that induce a sense of spirituality and peace.

Use of formal verbs like 'القا می‌نمایند'.

5

برای بنا کردن یک گفتمان سازنده، ابتدا باید پیش‌داوری‌ها را کنار گذاشت.

To establish a constructive discourse, one must first put aside prejudices.

Impersonal construction using the infinitive.

6

شالوده این امپراتوری چنان مستحکم بنا شده بود که قرن‌ها در برابر تهاجمات مقاومت کرد.

The foundation of this empire had been built so solidly that it resisted invasions for centuries.

Correlative conjunction 'چنان ... که' (so ... that).

7

او با تکیه بر تجربیات گذشته، استراتژی جدیدی برای سازمان بنا نهاد.

Relying on past experiences, he established a new strategy for the organization.

Adverbial participle phrase 'با تکیه بر'.

8

هر جامعه‌ای که بر پایه ظلم بنا شود، دیر یا زود فرو خواهد پاشید.

Any society that is built on the foundation of oppression will collapse sooner or later.

Indefinite relative clause 'هر جامعه‌ای که'.

1

شاعر در این قصیده، کاخی از واژگان بنا می‌کند که گزند روزگار بر آن کارگر نیست.

In this ode, the poet builds a palace of words upon which the ravages of time have no effect.

Highly poetic and metaphorical phrasing, referencing Ferdowsi.

2

پارادایم علمی جدید، بر ویرانه‌های نظریات منسوخ پیشین بنا می‌گردد.

The new scientific paradigm is built upon the ruins of previously obsolete theories.

Advanced academic vocabulary and formal passive.

3

سیاست‌گذاران باید مراقب باشند که ساختار اقتصادی را بر حباب‌های سوداگرانه بنا نکنند.

Policymakers must be careful not to build the economic structure on speculative bubbles.

Complex syntax with cautionary subjunctive.

4

آنچه او به عنوان یک مکتب فکری بنا نهاد، تا دهه‌ها پس از مرگش محل مناقشه اندیشمندان بود.

What he founded as a school of thought was the subject of dispute among thinkers for decades after his death.

Noun clause 'آنچه او ... بنا نهاد' acting as the subject.

5

هویت ملی ما بر پایه‌ی روایتی تاریخی بنا شده است که پیوسته در حال بازتولید و تفسیر مجدد است.

Our national identity is built on a historical narrative that is constantly being reproduced and reinterpreted.

Sociological register with complex relative clauses.

6

معمار بزرگ، این بنای یادبود را نه تنها با سنگ، بلکه با روح زمانه خویش بنا کرد.

The great architect built this monument not only with stone, but with the spirit of his era.

Correlative conjunction 'نه تنها ... بلکه' (not only ... but also).

7

نظام حقوقی بین‌الملل، با وجود تمام کاستی‌هایش، بر آرمان صلح جهانی بنا گردیده است.

The international legal system, despite all its shortcomings, has been built on the ideal of world peace.

Concessive phrase 'با وجود' (despite).

8

عرفا معتقدند که انسان باید معبد وجود خویش را بر پایه عشق الهی بنا کند.

Mystics believe that man must build the temple of his existence on the foundation of divine love.

Mystical/Sufi register and metaphorical imagery.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

بنا کردن ساختمان
بنا کردن مدرسه
بنا کردن شرکت
بنا کردن امپراتوری
بنا کردن جامعه
بر پایه ... بنا کردن
بر اساس ... بنا کردن
از پایه بنا کردن
دوباره بنا کردن
بنا کردن آینده

सामान्य वाक्यांश

بنا کردن یک زندگی جدید

بنا کردن اعتماد

بر چه اساسی بنا شده؟

از نو بنا کردن

بنا کردن دیوار

بنا کردن پل ارتباطی

بنا کردن تمدن

بنا کردن کاخ

بنا کردن بنیاد

بنا کردن نظریه

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

بنا کردن vs ساختن (Sakhtan) - 'ساختن' is more general and can be used for making anything, while 'بنا کردن' is for structures with foundations or institutions.

بنا کردن vs درست کردن (Dorost kardan) - Means to make, fix, or prepare (like food). Never use 'بنا کردن' for food or fixing things.

بنا کردن vs تأسیس کردن (Tasis kardan) - Very similar metaphorically, but 'تأسیس' is strictly for institutions and organizations, never for physical brick-and-mortar building without the institutional context.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

بنا کردن vs

بنا کردن vs

بنا کردن vs

بنا کردن vs

بنا کردن vs

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

nuance

Implies a solid foundation and permanence. Not used for temporary or flimsy constructions.

formality

Medium to High. Suitable for both everyday serious conversation and highly formal academic writing.

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Placing the negative prefix on the noun: saying 'نبنا کرد' instead of 'بنا نکرد'.
  • Using it for cooking or making small objects: saying 'غذا بنا کردم' instead of 'غذا درست کردم'.
  • Forgetting the preposition 'بر' in metaphorical sentences: saying 'تئوری را علم بنا کرد' instead of 'تئوری را بر علم بنا کرد'.
  • Confusing it with 'تأسیس کردن' for purely physical objects without institutional value.
  • Mispronouncing it as 'bannā kardan' (which would mean to act like a bricklayer) instead of 'banā kardan'.

सुझाव

Negation Placement

Always put the negative 'ن' on the 'کردن' part. It is 'بنا نکرد', not 'نبنا کرد'.

Foundation Focus

Use this verb when the idea of a 'foundation' (literal or metaphorical) is important to your sentence.

Preposition Pairing

Memorize 'بر پایه ... بنا کردن' as a single chunk. It means 'to build on the foundation of...'.

Not for Small Things

Do not use 'بنا کردن' for making small objects, crafts, or food. Use 'ساختن' or 'درست کردن' instead.

Stress the Noun

When pronouncing the compound verb, put a slight stress on the second syllable of 'بنا' (ba-NA).

Historical Texts

Expect to see the passive form 'بنا شد' or 'بنا گردید' very often when reading about Iranian history or architecture.

Elevate Your Style

In essays, replacing 'ساختن' with 'بنا کردن' when discussing institutions or theories instantly makes your writing sound more academic.

Common Pairings

Practice the phrase 'بنا کردن آینده' (building the future). It is a very common and powerful rhetorical phrase.

Bana vs. Bannā

Remember that 'بنا' (building) and 'بَنّا' (mason) look the same. The context (and the verb 'کردن') will tell you it's the building/foundation meaning.

Abstract Building

Don't be afraid to use it for abstract things like 'trust' (اعتماد) or 'peace' (صلح). It shows a high level of fluency.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine a BANANA (بنا - bana) being used as the foundation to BUILD (کردن - kardan) a house. You are 'banana-ing' a house!

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Arabic and Persian

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Often contrasted with 'ویران کردن' (to destroy) in Sufi poetry to describe the building of the soul versus the destruction of the ego.

Used extensively in historical texts to describe the legacy of the Persian Empire's kings.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"اگر پول زیادی داشتی، چه چیزی بنا می‌کردی؟ (If you had a lot of money, what would you build?)"

"به نظر شما، یک رابطه خوب بر چه اساسی بنا می‌شود؟ (In your opinion, on what basis is a good relationship built?)"

"قدیمی‌ترین ساختمانی که در شهر شما بنا شده است چیست؟ (What is the oldest building built in your city?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم اعتماد را دوباره بنا کنیم؟ (How can we rebuild trust?)"

"آیا دوست داری روزی یک شرکت برای خودت بنا کنی؟ (Would you like to establish a company for yourself one day?)"

डायरी विषय

Describe a famous historical monument and who built it (چه کسی آن را بنا کرد).

Write about the foundations you want to build your future career on.

Discuss a time when you had to rebuild something (a project, a relationship) from scratch.

If you were to found a new charity (بنا کردن یک خیریه), what would its mission be?

Reflect on the phrase 'بنا کردن یک زندگی' (building a life) and what it means to you.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No, absolutely not. 'بنا کردن' is strictly for building physical structures like houses or establishing abstract concepts like companies. For food, use 'درست کردن' (dorost kardan) or 'پختن' (pokhtan). Using it for food would sound very strange to a native speaker. It implies laying a foundation with bricks or principles. Keep it for architecture and institutions.

'ساختن' (sakhtan) is the general verb for 'to make' or 'to build'. You can use it for building a house, making a toy, or producing a movie. 'بنا کردن' is more specific and formal. It means to build something that has a foundation (بنا). You can 'ساختن' or 'بنا کردن' a house, but you can only 'ساختن' a sandwich.

Like all compound verbs in Persian, the negative prefix 'ن' (na/ne) attaches to the verbal part, not the noun. So, you attach it to 'کردن'. The correct negative form is 'بنا نکرد' (bana nakard - did not build). Never say 'نبنا کرد'.

Yes, it is used in spoken Persian, especially when talking about significant construction projects, buying/building a house, or starting a serious business. However, for everyday small things, 'ساختن' is more common. It doesn't sound overly archaic in speech, just a bit more serious.

When you want to say 'to build upon' or 'to base on', you use the preposition 'بر' (bar - on) or the phrase 'بر پایه' (bar paye - on the foundation of). For example: 'او شرکتش را بر پایه صداقت بنا کرد' (He built his company on the foundation of honesty).

Yes, very frequently. The passive form is 'بنا شدن' (bana shodan). It is widely used in history books, news, and documentaries to describe when or how a building or institution was established, without focusing on who built it. Example: 'این مدرسه در سال ۱۳۷۰ بنا شد'.

Yes. As a noun, 'بنا' (bana) means 'building' or 'structure'. There is also another word spelled exactly the same but pronounced 'bannā' (with a double 'n'), which means 'mason' or 'bricklayer'. Context usually makes it clear which one is being used.

Yes, it is a beautiful and common metaphor. You can talk about building trust (بنا کردن اعتماد) or building a life together (بنا کردن یک زندگی مشترک). It implies that the relationship is strong and has a solid foundation.

The infinitive 'بنا کردن' itself can act as a gerund (building/establishing). If you are looking for the word for 'founder', it is 'بنیانگذار' (bonyangozar) or 'مؤسس' (mo'asses). The word for the building itself is simply 'بنا' (bana) or 'ساختمان' (sakhteman).

It is a hybrid. The noun part 'بنا' (bana) comes from an Arabic root meaning to build. The verb part 'کردن' (kardan) is purely Persian. This combination is very typical of the Persian language, which has integrated many Arabic nouns using Persian light verbs.

खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

संबंधित सामग्री

क्या यह मददगार था?

टिप्पणियाँ (0)

टिप्पणी के लिए लॉगिन करें
अभी तक कोई टिप्पणी नहीं। अपने विचार साझा करने वाले पहले व्यक्ति बनें!