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B1 noun 14 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

rikos

उदाहरण rikos 30 सेकंड में
व्याख्या rikos in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn 'rikos' as a basic noun meaning 'a crime'. You will mostly see it in very simple sentences or as part of signs. You don't need to know all the complex legal types yet, just that it is something bad that the police ('poliisi') investigate. You might learn it in the context of 'poliisi tutkii rikosta' (the police are investigating a crime). It is important to notice that the word ends in 's', which is a common feature in Finnish nouns that change their form. Even at this early stage, try to remember that when you add something to the end, the 's' might become 'ks'. For example, 'rikokset' means 'crimes'. You will mostly hear this word on the news or in simple stories. It's a useful word to know so you can understand when someone is talking about something illegal happening in the community. Think of it as a 'breaking' of the rules.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'rikos' in more descriptive ways. You can talk about what is or isn't a crime using simple structures like 'Varastaminen on rikos' (Stealing is a crime). You should also become familiar with the most common compound words, such as 'rikoselokuva' (crime movie) or 'rikossarja' (crime series), which are very popular in Finland. You will start to notice the word in different cases, especially the partitive 'rikosta' and the genitive 'rikoksen'. For example, 'Hän teki rikoksen' (He committed a crime). At this level, you can also start to distinguish between 'rikos' and 'poliisi'. You might encounter the word in local news or when discussing safety in your neighborhood. It's also a good time to learn the word 'rikollinen', which means 'a criminal'. You can now form basic opinions, such as 'Rikos on paha asia' (Crime is a bad thing).
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'rikos' in various sentence structures and understanding its role in Finnish society. You will learn more specific types of crimes, such as 'varkaus' (theft) or 'petos' (fraud), and understand that 'rikos' is the general category for these. You will encounter the word in more complex texts, like newspaper articles or crime novels. You should be able to use verbs like 'syyttää' (to accuse) or 'epäillä' (to suspect) with 'rikos' in the correct cases: 'Poliisi epäilee miestä rikoksesta' (The police suspect the man of a crime). You also start to understand the cultural context of Finland being a safe country with a low crime rate. You can participate in simple discussions about justice and law. This is also the level where you should master the 's' to 'ks' stem change in all common cases, including the illative 'rikokseen' and the elative 'rikoksesta'.
At the B2 level, you use 'rikos' to discuss abstract concepts and societal issues. You can talk about 'talousrikollisuus' (economic criminality) or 'kyberrikos' (cybercrime) and their impact on the economy. You understand the nuances between 'rikos' and 'rikkomus' (a minor violation) and can use them correctly in formal writing. You are familiar with legal terms like 'rikosrekisteri' (criminal record) and 'rikosilmoitus' (crime report). You can follow more detailed news reports and debates about changes in the 'rikoslaki' (Penal Code). Your vocabulary includes more sophisticated verbs like 'syyllistyä' (to fall into/commit a crime) and 'ehkäistä' (to prevent). You can write a short essay or give a presentation on the causes of crime or how to improve safety in urban areas. You also begin to recognize the word in idiomatic or metaphorical expressions, understanding when it's used for emphasis rather than literal illegality.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, your understanding of 'rikos' is deep and multifaceted. You can analyze the legal definitions and the philosophical underpinnings of what constitutes a crime in the Finnish legal system. You are comfortable reading official documents, legal texts, and academic papers that use 'rikos' in highly technical ways. You can discuss the evolution of the Finnish Penal Code and how societal changes lead to the criminalization or decriminalization of certain acts. You understand the nuances of 'törkeä rikos' (aggravated crime) versus 'perusmuotoinen rikos' (standard crime). You can engage in complex debates about criminal justice reform, the effectiveness of different punishments, and the role of rehabilitation. Your use of the word and its derivatives is precise, and you can switch between formal legal register and casual conversational register with ease. You also understand the historical etymology of the word and its connection to the verb 'rikkoa' (to break).
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the word 'rikos' and its place in the Finnish language and culture. You can appreciate and use the word in all its stylistic variations, from the dry language of legislative drafts to the evocative prose of high literature. You can interpret the subtle implications of how 'rikos' is framed in political rhetoric or media narratives. You are familiar with rare or archaic forms and can understand complex legal jargon without effort. You can write professional-level reports or academic theses on topics related to 'rikosoikeus' (criminal law) or 'kriminologia' (criminology). Your understanding of the word is integrated with a comprehensive knowledge of Finnish history, law, and social values. You can detect irony, sarcasm, or deep cultural metaphors involving 'rikos' in any context. For you, the word is not just a vocabulary item, but a gateway to a sophisticated understanding of how Finnish society defines and maintains its boundaries.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
उदाहरण

rikos 30 सेकंड में

  • Rikos is the standard Finnish noun for 'a crime' or 'an offense'.
  • It is derived from the verb 'rikkoa', meaning 'to break'.
  • The word changes its stem to 'rikokse-' when adding case endings.
  • It is used in legal, media, and everyday contexts across Finland.
The Finnish word rikos is a fundamental noun in the Finnish language, primarily translated as 'a crime' or 'an offense'. At its core, it refers to an act or omission that is prohibited by law and punishable by the state. In the Finnish legal system, the concept is deeply rooted in the Rikoslaki (the Penal Code), which was originally established in 1889 and has been continuously updated to reflect modern societal values. Understanding this word requires looking beyond a simple dictionary definition and into the Finnish cultural psyche, where law and order are held in high regard. Finland is often cited as a high-trust society, meaning that the concept of a rikos is seen not just as a legal violation, but as a breach of the social contract that holds the community together.
Legal Context
In legal terms, a rikos occurs when someone violates a specific section of the Finnish Penal Code. This can range from minor infractions to severe felonies. The Finnish system distinguishes between different levels of severity, often using the word rikos as a suffix in compound words like huumausainerikos (drug crime) or talousrikos (economic crime).
When people use this word in daily conversation, it often carries a weight of seriousness. For instance, if someone says 'se on rikos' (that is a crime), they are usually referring to something objectively illegal rather than just a moral failing. However, in metaphorical or hyperbolic contexts, it can be used to describe something that is perceived as a great shame or a waste, such as 'on rikos heittää ruokaa pois' (it is a crime to throw food away). This usage highlights how the word has permeated everyday Finnish to express deep disapproval.

Poliisi epäilee, että kyseessä on vakava rikos.

The word itself is derived from the verb rikkoa, which means 'to break'. Thus, etymologically, a rikos is a 'breaking' of the law. This connection is vital for learners to understand because it links the abstract legal concept to the physical act of breaking something. When you commit a crime in Finnish, you are literally 'breaking' the established order. In Finnish media, you will encounter this word daily. Headlines regarding 'rikos- ja oikeusuutiset' (crime and justice news) are a staple of national broadcasting. The Finnish fascination with crime is also evident in the popularity of 'dekkarit' (detective stories) and 'rikossarjat' (crime series). In these contexts, the word represents the puzzle that needs to be solved by the 'rikospoliisi' (criminal police).
Societal Impact
The Finnish approach to rikos emphasizes rehabilitation over retribution. This affects how the word is used in political discourse, focusing on 'rikollisuuden ennaltaehkäisy' (prevention of criminality) rather than just punishment. This nuanced view is essential for advanced learners who wish to discuss Finnish social policy.

Jokainen rikos jättää jäljen yhteiskuntaan.

Furthermore, the word appears in various administrative forms. If you are a victim, you must file a 'rikosilmoitus' (crime report). If you are applying for a job working with children, you may need to provide a 'rikostaustaote' (criminal record extract). These practical applications make 'rikos' a high-frequency word for anyone living or working in Finland. Finally, the plural form 'rikokset' is used to discuss crime rates or a series of offenses. For example, 'nuorisorikokset' refers specifically to crimes committed by young people. This versatility allows the word to function as a building block for complex sociological and legal discussions. Whether you are reading a thriller, watching the news, or navigating Finnish bureaucracy, 'rikos' is an indispensable part of your vocabulary.
Using the word rikos correctly in Finnish sentences requires an understanding of Finnish noun cases and typical verb pairings. Because Finnish is an agglutinative language, the word 'rikos' changes its form depending on its role in the sentence. The basic nominative form is 'rikos', but the stem changes to 'rikokse-' when adding case endings. For example, the genitive form (showing possession or indicating the object of certain verbs) is rikoksen.
Verb Pairings
The most common verb used with rikos is 'tehdä' (to do/make). To say 'to commit a crime', you say 'tehdä rikos'. If the action is ongoing or the focus is on the act itself, you might use the partitive: 'hän teki rikosta' (though this is less common than 'hän teki rikoksen'). Other important verbs include 'tutkia' (to investigate), 'selvittää' (to solve), and 'estää' (to prevent).
Consider the sentence 'Poliisi tutkii rikosta'. Here, the word is in the partitive case ('rikosta') because the investigation is an ongoing process that hasn't necessarily reached a conclusion. If you were to say 'Poliisi selvitti rikoksen', you use the genitive/accusative form because the crime has been fully solved—the action is complete.

Hän ei halunnut syyllistyä rikokseen.

In the example above, the verb 'syyllistyä' (to become guilty of) requires the illative case, which is 'rikokseen'. This 'to/into' case indicates what the person became guilty of. This demonstrates how Finnish verbs dictate the case of 'rikos'. Another common structure involves the word 'uhri' (victim). To say 'a victim of a crime', you use the genitive: 'rikoksen uhri'. When speaking about multiple crimes, you use the plural forms. 'Rikokset ovat lisääntyneet' (Crimes have increased). Here, 'rikokset' is the plural nominative. If you are talking about several crimes in the partitive, perhaps in the context of a list, you use 'rikoksia'. For example, 'Hän on tehnyt monia rikoksia' (He has committed many crimes).
Compound Word Construction
Finnish loves compound words. 'Rikos' often serves as the prefix. Rikosilmoitus (crime report), rikospaikka (crime scene), rikosrekisteri (criminal record), and rikosoikeus (criminal law) are all essential terms. In these cases, the word 'rikos' remains in its base form but is joined directly to the next word.

Tämä on vakava rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan.

The word can also be used with adjectives to specify the type of crime. 'Vakava rikos' (serious crime), 'lievä rikos' (minor crime), 'törkeä rikos' (aggravated crime). These adjectives must agree with the case of 'rikos'. For instance, 'Häntä syytetään törkeästä rikoksesta' (He is accused of an aggravated crime) uses the elative case for both the adjective and the noun. In more formal or academic Finnish, you might see 'rikos' used in the essive case to describe a role or state: 'Se käsiteltiin rikoksena' (It was treated as a crime). This is common in legal proceedings where the classification of an act is being debated. By mastering these patterns, you will be able to discuss law, justice, and social issues with precision in Finnish.
You will encounter the word rikos in a wide variety of everyday and professional contexts in Finland. Perhaps the most common place is in the news media. Finnish news outlets like Yle (the national broadcaster) or Helsingin Sanomat (the largest newspaper) have dedicated sections for 'Rikos' or 'Rikos- ja oikeusuutiset'. When a significant event occurs, headlines will frequently use the word to categorize the incident. For example, 'Poliisi epäilee rikosta' (Police suspect a crime) is a very common headline construction.
News and Media
Journalists use 'rikos' to provide objective reporting. You will hear it in radio bulletins and see it in digital news feeds. It is the standard term for any legal violation being reported to the public. You might also hear 'rikostoimittaja' (crime reporter), a specialized journalist who covers these stories.
Another major area where you will hear the word is in popular culture. Finland has a thriving 'Nordic Noir' scene. Television shows like 'Rikospaikka' (Crime Scene) or 'Sorjonen' (Bordertown) use the word 'rikos' constantly. In these shows, characters discuss 'rikostutkinta' (crime investigation) and 'rikosmenetelmä' (crime methods). If you enjoy reading thrillers, you will find the word on almost every page of a Finnish 'dekkari'.

Katsoitko eilen sen uuden rikossarjan?

In daily life, if you ever need to interact with the Finnish police (Poliisi), 'rikos' becomes a practical necessity. When reporting a lost wallet that you suspect was stolen, the officer might ask if you want to make a 'rikosilmoitus'. This is the official term for a police report. Similarly, in the workplace, especially in fields like security, law, or social work, the word is used in professional discussions about safety and compliance. You will also hear 'rikos' in educational and academic settings. Law students study 'rikosoikeus' (criminal law), and sociologists discuss 'rikollisuus' (criminality) as a social phenomenon. In schools, children are taught about 'rikos' in the context of social studies and civic responsibility, emphasizing that certain actions have legal consequences.
Public Service Announcements
The government and NGOs often run campaigns to prevent crimes. You might see posters or advertisements about 'kyberrikos' (cybercrime) or 'viharikos' (hate crime). These campaigns use the word to define and bring awareness to specific illegal activities.

Internetissä tapahtuva rikos on silti oikea rikos.

Finally, in casual conversation, the word is used to discuss the safety of a neighborhood or to express shock at a news story. 'Onko täällä paljon rikoksia?' (Are there many crimes here?) is a question a newcomer might ask. While Finland is generally very safe, the word 'rikos' remains the standard way to refer to any breach of the law, from a simple bicycle theft to a complex fraud. Its presence in the language is a reflection of the society's commitment to the rule of law.
When learning Finnish, the word rikos presents several hurdles that can lead to common errors. The first and most frequent mistake involves the declension of the word. Because 'rikos' ends in 's', many learners assume it follows a simple pattern, but it actually undergoes a stem change to 'rikokse-'. Beginners often mistakenly say *rikosen or *rikosta (with the wrong vowel) when they should be using the 'ks' stem.
Stem Confusion
Incorrect: *Poliisi tutkii rikosta. (While 'rikosta' is actually the correct partitive, learners often misspell the genitive as *rikosen instead of 'rikoksen'). The key is to remember that the final 's' becomes 'ks' before adding any ending that starts with a vowel.
Another common error is confusing 'rikos' with its related words, such as 'rikkomus' or 'synti'. A 'rikos' is a legal offense. A 'rikkomus' is a minor violation or infraction (like a parking ticket). A 'synti' is a religious or moral sin. Using 'rikos' to describe a moral failing that isn't illegal can sound strange or overly dramatic to a native speaker. For example, 'Valehteleminen äidille on rikos' sounds like you are saying it is a matter for the police, whereas 'Valehteleminen äidille on väärin' (is wrong) is more natural.

Virhe: 'Hän teki rikoksen kun hän unohti avaimet.' (Oikein: Se oli vain virhe).

In English, we often use the word 'crime' in phrases like 'it's a crime that...'. While Finnish does have a similar metaphorical usage, it is less common. Translating English idioms literally using 'rikos' can lead to confusion. For instance, 'It's a crime that this building was demolished' should be translated with 'harmi' (a pity) or 'sääli' (a shame) rather than 'rikos', unless you are actually suggesting the demolition was illegal. Case usage with verbs is another area of difficulty. As mentioned before, the verb 'syyttää' (to accuse) takes the elative case (-sta/-stä). A common mistake is using the partitive or genitive. Correct: 'Häntä syytetään rikoksesta'. Incorrect: *Häntä syytetään rikoksen. Similarly, 'syyllistyä' (to be guilty of) takes the illative (-seen). Correct: 'Hän syyllistyi rikokseen'.
Prepositional Pitfalls
English speakers often want to use a preposition like 'of' or 'for' with crime. In Finnish, these relationships are expressed through case endings. Don't try to translate 'crime of passion' literally; use the Finnish compound 'intohimorikos'.

Oikein: Rikos tapahtui yöllä. (Väärin: *Rikos teki yöllä - a crime doesn't 'do', it happens).

Finally, learners sometimes confuse 'rikos' (the act) with 'rikollinen' (the person). If you say 'Hän on rikos', you are saying 'He is a crime', which is nonsensical. You must say 'Hän on rikollinen' to mean 'He is a criminal'. Keeping these distinctions clear will help you avoid the most common pitfalls when using this essential Finnish noun.
While rikos is the most common word for a crime, Finnish offers several synonyms and related terms that provide more nuance depending on the context. Understanding these alternatives will make your Finnish sound more natural and precise. The most direct alternative for a minor offense is 'rikkomus'. This is used for things like traffic violations or minor breaches of administrative rules.
Rikos vs. Rikkomus
A 'rikos' is a serious breach of the Penal Code that can lead to imprisonment or significant fines. A 'rikkomus' is a lighter infraction, often resulting in a small fine (rikkomusmaksu) and no criminal record. For example, 'liikennerikkomus' (traffic violation) vs. 'liikennerikos' (a more serious traffic crime like aggravated drunk driving).
Another term you might encounter is 'laiton teko', which literally means 'an illegal act'. This is a more descriptive way of saying something is against the law without necessarily using the formal label of 'rikos'. It is often used in discussions about ethics or when the legal status of an act is being debated. In more literary or old-fashioned contexts, you might see 'pahanteko' (evildoing) or 'vääryys' (wrong/injustice). These words focus more on the moral aspect of the action rather than the legal one.

Hän teki suuren vääryyden perhettään kohtaan.

For very serious or heinous crimes, Finnish uses words like 'hirmuteko' (atrocity) or 'väkivallanteko' (act of violence). These terms carry much more emotional weight than the neutral 'rikos'. In legal language, you might also hear 'rangaistava teko' (a punishable act), which is a technical way to define what constitutes a crime in court. When discussing crime as a general social phenomenon, the word 'rikollisuus' (criminality) is used. For example, 'nuorisorikollisuus' refers to the general trend of crimes committed by youth, whereas 'nuorisorikos' would refer to one specific crime committed by a young person.
Specific Crime Types
Finnish often uses specific nouns instead of the general 'rikos'. For example: 'varkaus' (theft), 'petos' (fraud), 'pahoinpitely' (assault), 'murha' (murder). Instead of saying 'hän teki rikoksen', it is more common to say 'hän varasti' (he stole) or 'hän teki varkauden'.

Tämä petos paljastui vasta vuosien kuluttua.

In summary, while 'rikos' is your go-to word for 'crime', being aware of 'rikkomus', 'laiton teko', 'vääryys', and the specific names of various crimes will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Finnish. Each word carries its own set of connotations and is appropriate for different levels of formality and severity.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

Tämä on rikos.

This is a crime.

Nominative case.

2

Poliisi tutkii rikosta.

The police are investigating a crime.

Partitive case used with 'tutkia'.

3

Varastaminen on paha rikos.

Stealing is a bad crime.

Adjective 'paha' agrees with 'rikos'.

4

Missä rikos tapahtui?

Where did the crime happen?

Verb 'tapahtua' means to happen.

5

Hän ei tee rikosta.

He does not commit a crime.

Negative sentence with partitive.

6

Onko tämä rikos?

Is this a crime?

Question form.

7

Katsoin rikoselokuvan.

I watched a crime movie.

Compound word 'rikoselokuva'.

8

Poliisi on täällä rikoksen takia.

The police are here because of a crime.

Genitive 'rikoksen' with postposition 'takia'.

1

Hän teki pienen rikoksen.

He committed a small crime.

Accusative/Genitive 'rikoksen'.

2

Rikos tapahtui viime yönä.

The crime happened last night.

Adverbial phrase 'viime yönä'.

3

Poliisi selvitti rikoksen nopeasti.

The police solved the crime quickly.

Verb 'selvittää' means to solve.

4

Tässä kaupungissa on vähän rikoksia.

In this city, there are few crimes.

Plural partitive 'rikoksia'.

5

Hän lukee rikosromaania.

He is reading a crime novel.

Compound word 'rikosromaani' in partitive.

6

Varkaus on yleinen rikos.

Theft is a common crime.

Adjective 'yleinen' meaning common.

7

Poliisi etsii rikoksen tekijää.

The police are looking for the perpetrator of the crime.

Genitive 'rikoksen' modifying 'tekijää'.

8

Hän joutui rikoksen uhriksi.

He became a victim of a crime.

Translative case 'uhriksi' with 'joutua'.

1

Miestä syytetään vakavasta rikoksesta.

The man is accused of a serious crime.

Elative case 'rikoksesta' with 'syyttää'.

2

Hän ei halunnut syyllistyä rikokseen.

He did not want to commit a crime.

Illative case 'rikokseen' with 'syyllistyä'.

3

Rikoslaki määrää rangaistukset.

The Penal Code dictates the punishments.

Compound word 'Rikoslaki'.

4

Poliisi teki rikostutkinnan.

The police conducted a crime investigation.

Compound word 'rikostutkinta'.

5

Todistaja näki rikoksen tapahtuvan.

The witness saw the crime happening.

Participle construction 'tapahtuvan'.

6

Hän teki rikosilmoituksen poliisille.

He made a crime report to the police.

Compound word 'rikosilmoitus'.

7

Rikoksen motiivi on vielä epäselvä.

The motive of the crime is still unclear.

Genitive 'rikoksen' modifying 'motiivi'.

8

Onko hänellä rikosrekisteri?

Does he have a criminal record?

Compound word 'rikosrekisteri'.

1

Talousrikokset vahingoittavat yhteiskuntaa.

Economic crimes harm society.

Plural nominative compound word.

2

Rikos katsottiin törkeäksi oikeudessa.

The crime was considered aggravated in court.

Translative case 'törkeäksi'.

3

Hän on erikoistunut rikospsykologiaan.

He has specialized in crime psychology.

Compound word 'rikospsykologia' in illative.

4

Rikollisuuden ennaltaehkäisy on tärkeää.

Prevention of criminality is important.

Derivative 'rikollisuus' (criminality).

5

Hän sai tuomion rikoksesta ihmisyyttä vastaan.

He was sentenced for a crime against humanity.

Elative case 'rikoksesta'.

6

Rikosilmoituksen voi tehdä nykyään verkossa.

A crime report can nowadays be made online.

Passive voice 'voi tehdä'.

7

Kyberrikos on kasvava uhka.

Cybercrime is a growing threat.

Compound word 'kyberrikos'.

8

Hän tutkii rikosten syitä yliopistossa.

He studies the causes of crimes at the university.

Plural genitive 'rikosten'.

1

Rikos on juridinen konstruktio.

Crime is a legal construction.

Academic register.

2

Lainsäätäjä määrittää, mikä on rikos.

The legislator determines what is a crime.

Focus on the role of the state.

3

Rikoksen tunnusmerkistön on täytyttävä.

The elements of the crime must be met.

Legal term 'tunnusmerkistö'.

4

Kyseessä on rikosoikeudellinen vastuu.

At issue is criminal liability.

Adjective 'rikosoikeudellinen'.

5

Hän analysoi rikoksen ja rangaistuksen suhdetta.

He analyzes the relationship between crime and punishment.

Philosophical context.

6

Rikos ei vanhene koskaan tässä tapauksessa.

The crime never expires in this case.

Legal concept of statute of limitations.

7

Viharikos on tuomittava teko.

A hate crime is a condemnable act.

Compound 'viharikos'.

8

Rikoksen uusimisriski on arvioitava.

The risk of re-offending must be assessed.

Compound 'uusimisriski'.

1

Rikos on yhteiskunnallisen epätasapainon oire.

Crime is a symptom of societal imbalance.

Sociological perspective.

2

Hän tarkasteli rikosta fenomenologisesta näkökulmasta.

He examined the crime from a phenomenological perspective.

Advanced academic terminology.

3

Rikosoikeudellinen seuraamusjärjestelmä on murroksessa.

The criminal sanction system is in transition.

Technical legal language.

4

Rikoksen subjektiivinen ja objektiivinen puoli.

The subjective and objective sides of a crime.

Legal theory.

5

Hän dekonstruoi rikollisuuden käsitettä.

He deconstructs the concept of criminality.

Post-structuralist analysis.

6

Rikos on usein monien sattumien summa.

A crime is often the sum of many coincidences.

Nuanced observation.

7

Sotarikos on kansainvälisen oikeuden alainen.

A war crime is subject to international law.

Global legal context.

8

Rikoksen ja moraalin välinen jännite.

The tension between crime and morality.

Abstract ethical discussion.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

tehdä rikos
vakava rikos
lievä rikos
törkeä rikos
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