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A2 noun 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

두려움

duryeoum

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव 두려움 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या 두려움 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn '두려움' as a basic noun for 'fear'. While you might use the adjective '무서워요' (scary) more often, knowing '두려움' helps you understand simple sentences in books. Think of it as the name of the feeling. You might see it in simple phrases like '두려움이 있어요' (I have fear). At this stage, just focus on recognizing the word and knowing it means fear. You don't need to use it in complex grammar yet. Just remember that the '-움' part makes it a noun, like 'happiness' or 'sadness'. If you feel a big fear, you can say '큰 두려움'. This word is a bit more serious than just being scared of a bug. It's a good word to know for when you want to express a real feeling in a simple way.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the A2 level, you can start using '두려움' in basic sentence patterns. You should learn to pair it with verbs like '느끼다' (to feel) or '있다' (to have). For example, '저는 실패에 대한 두려움이 있어요' (I have a fear of failure). You can also use the phrase '두려움 없이' to mean 'without fear'. This is useful for describing brave characters in stories or your own goals. At this level, you should understand the difference between '무섭다' (the feeling of being scared) and '두려움' (the concept of fear). You will start to see this word in short reading passages about emotions or daily life challenges. Try to use it when you are talking about something a bit more serious than just a scary movie.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '두려움' to discuss abstract topics like the future, career changes, or social issues. You can use more complex structures like '두려움을 극복하다' (to overcome fear) or '두려움에 떨다' (to tremble with fear). You should also be able to distinguish '두려움' from synonyms like '공포' (terror) and '겁' (cowardice). B1 learners should be able to write short paragraphs about their own fears using this word. For instance, you might write about the '두려움' you felt when you first started learning Korean. You will also encounter this word in news headlines and more detailed storybooks. It's important to notice how it's used with the particle '-에 대한' to specify the object of the fear.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the B2 level, you can use '두려움' in sophisticated ways, including metaphorical and literary contexts. You should understand how it functions in formal writing, such as essays or reports. You can use advanced verbs like '엄습하다' (to wash over/invade) or '잠재우다' (to calm/quell) with '두려움'. At this stage, you should also recognize the cultural nuances of the word in Korean literature and media. You can participate in discussions about psychological health or societal anxieties using this term. You should be able to explain the difference between '두려움' and '불안' (anxiety) in detail. Your usage should reflect a deeper understanding of the gravity that '두려움' carries compared to more casual words for fear.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C1 level, '두려움' becomes a tool for nuanced philosophical and psychological analysis. You should be able to use it to discuss existential dread, collective social trauma, or complex character motivations in literature. You will encounter this word in academic papers, high-level editorials, and classical literature. You should be able to use it with a wide range of sophisticated collocations and understand its role in creating tone and atmosphere in writing. C1 learners should also be aware of the historical and cultural weight of the word in the context of Korean history. You can use it to articulate subtle emotional states that involve a mix of fear, respect, and anticipation. Your ability to use '두려움' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of context and register.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of '두려움' and all its related forms and synonyms. You can use the word to explore the deepest aspects of the human psyche and the complexities of the human condition. You understand the subtle rhythmic and aesthetic qualities of the word in poetry and prose. You can engage in high-level debates about the nature of fear in philosophy or its portrayal in various art forms. You are sensitive to how the word's meaning can shift slightly depending on the historical period of a text. You can use '두려움' to create evocative and powerful imagery in your own creative or academic writing. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a versatile instrument for expressing the most profound human experiences.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

두려움 30 सेकंड में

두려움 means 'fear' or 'dread' in Korean, functioning as a noun.
It is derived from the adjective 두렵다 and is used for abstract or serious fears.
Commonly paired with verbs like 느끼다 (feel) and 극복하다 (overcome).
Unlike the casual 무서움, it carries a more psychological and heavy tone.

The Korean word 두려움 (duryeoum) is a profound and versatile noun that translates primarily to 'fear', 'dread', or 'apprehension'. Unlike simple scares, it often carries a weight of existential or psychological depth. It is derived from the descriptive verb 두렵다 (to be fearful/scary) by adding the nominalizing suffix -ㅁ. This transformation turns a feeling into a concept, allowing speakers to discuss fear as an object, a state of being, or a psychological hurdle.

Core Concept: At its heart, 두려움 represents the internal response to a perceived threat, whether that threat is physical, emotional, or social. It is the heavy feeling in the chest before a major life change or the nagging doubt that prevents one from taking a risk.

그녀는 실패에 대한 두려움 때문에 새로운 도전을 망설였다. (She hesitated to take on a new challenge because of her fear of failure.)

In daily conversation, Koreans use 두려움 when discussing serious emotions. While 무서움 might be used for a scary movie or a spider, 두려움 is more common when talking about the future, death, loneliness, or failure. It implies a sense of gravity and often a duration that outlasts a quick jump-scare.

Grammatical Nuance: Because it is a noun, it frequently pairs with verbs like 느끼다 (to feel), 극복하다 (to overcome), or 생기다 (to arise/form). It acts as the subject or object of the sentence, providing a stable target for description.

마음속에 두려움이 가득 찼다. (My heart was filled with fear.)

Historically, this word has been a staple in Korean literature and philosophy. It describes the 'Han' (unresolved grief) or the tension of a nation undergoing rapid change. It is not just an individual's emotion but often a collective sentiment found in poetry and songs. Understanding this word requires recognizing that it is often treated as a force of nature that one must battle or coexist with.

Register and Tone: It is used in both formal writing and standard speech. You will find it in news reports concerning social anxiety, in psychological counseling sessions, and in high-quality K-dramas during emotional climaxes.

미래에 대한 두려움은 누구나 가지고 있다. (Everyone has a fear of the future.)

죽음에 대한 두려움을 이겨내는 방법. (Ways to overcome the fear of death.)

In summary, 두려움 is the weight of the unknown. It is the shadow cast by one's goals and the silent companion of courage. To master this word is to master the ability to express the deeper, more vulnerable parts of the human condition in Korean.

Using 두려움 effectively requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun. It often appears as the object of a verb or as part of a compound noun phrase using the particle -에 대한 (about/towards). This allows you to specify exactly what the fear is directed at.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. 두려움을 느끼다 (to feel fear)
2. 두려움을 극복하다 (to overcome fear)
3. 두려움에 떨다 (to tremble with fear)
4. 두려움을 없애다 (to eliminate fear)

그는 두려움을 극복하고 무대 위로 올라갔다. (He overcame his fear and went up on stage.)

When you want to describe the cause of the fear, you use the structure [Noun] + 에 대한 두려움. This is the most formal and precise way to categorize the emotion. For example, 'fear of change' becomes 변화에 대한 두려움.

모르는 사람을 만나는 것에 대한 두려움이 있어요. (I have a fear of meeting people I don't know.)

Another common usage is with the particle -없이 (without). 두려움 없이 (without fear) is a powerful adverbial phrase used to describe brave actions. It is often found in inspirational quotes and speeches.

Sentence Structure Variations: Subjective: 두려움이 생기다 (Fear arises)
Objective: 두려움을 이기다 (To win over fear)
Descriptive: 큰 두려움 (A great fear)

아이의 눈에는 두려움이 가득했다. (The child's eyes were full of fear.)

In more advanced contexts, you might see 두려움 used with literary verbs like 엄습하다 (to surge/invade). This creates a vivid image of fear suddenly taking over someone's mind, common in thrillers or dramatic novels.

갑자기 알 수 없는 두려움이 엄습했다. (Suddenly, an unknown fear washed over me.)

그는 두려움 때문에 아무 말도 할 수 없었다. (He couldn't say anything because of fear.)

By mastering these patterns, you can express complex emotions with the precision of a native speaker. Whether you are writing a journal entry or discussing a movie plot, 두려움 provides the necessary weight to your Korean expression.

You will encounter 두려움 in various spheres of Korean life, from the high-stakes world of K-dramas to the quiet reflections of psychological podcasts. It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday emotion and profound philosophical inquiry.

In Media and Entertainment: In K-Dramas, characters often confess their '두려움' in moments of vulnerability. It’s not just 'I'm scared'; it's 'I have this deep-seated fear that I will lose you.' Song lyrics frequently use the word to describe the anxiety of love or the pain of parting.

"너를 잃을까 봐 두려움이 앞서." (The fear of losing you comes first.) - A common trope in romantic ballads.

In news and documentaries, 두려움 is used to discuss societal trends. You might hear about '경제적 두려움' (economic fear) or '사회적 두려움' (social fear/anxiety) when reporting on unemployment or public health crises. It gives a human face to statistical data.

In Literature and Self-Help: Korean bookstores are filled with '힐링' (healing) books. Titles like '두려움 없이 사는 법' (How to live without fear) or '두려움에게 인사하는 법' (How to say hello to fear) are bestsellers. In these contexts, the word is treated as an internal obstacle that can be managed through mindfulness.

"두려움은 우리가 만든 환상일 뿐입니다." (Fear is merely an illusion we created.) - Common psychological advice.

You will also hear it in academic or professional settings. A CEO might talk about the 두려움 of falling behind in the global market, or a teacher might discuss a student's 시험에 대한 두려움 (fear of exams). It is a socially acceptable way to acknowledge stress while maintaining a level of dignity.

Daily Life Situations: While less common in casual banter than '무서워', you'll hear it when friends have deep talks (진지한 대화). If a friend says '나 요즘 미래에 대한 두려움이 커,' they are asking for serious emotional support, not just a quick laugh.

새로운 시작은 언제나 두려움과 설렘이 공존한다. (A new beginning always has fear and excitement coexisting.)

Whether in the lyrics of a BTS song or the pages of a classic novel by Yi Mun-yol, 두려움 is the thread that connects the various layers of Korean emotional expression. Hearing it helps you gauge the emotional temperature of the room.

Learning to use 두려움 correctly involves avoiding a few common pitfalls that English speakers often fall into. The most frequent errors involve confusing it with its adjective form or using it in contexts where a simpler word would suffice.

Mistake 1: Confusing Noun and Adjective: Many learners say '나는 두려움이에요' (I am fear) when they mean 'I am afraid.' Since 두려움 is a noun, you cannot use it with the copula '이다' to describe your own state. You must say '나는 두려워요' (I am fearful) or '나는 두려움을 느껴요' (I feel fear).

Wrong: 시험이 두려움이에요. (The exam is fear.)
Right: 시험이 두려워요. (The exam is scary/I fear the exam.)

Another common mistake is the confusion between 두려움 and 무서움. While they both mean fear, '무서움' is more reactive and physical. If you say you have a '두려움' of heights, it sounds like a philosophical struggle. If you just mean you get dizzy and scared, '무서움' or '공포증' (phobia) is better.

Mistake 2: Incorrect Particle Usage: Learners often use the particle '-를' (object) with the verb '있다' (to have/exist). You cannot say '두려움을 있어요'. It must be '두려움이 있어요' (Fear exists/I have fear) or '두려움을 느껴요' (I feel fear).

Wrong: 나는 두려움을 있어요.
Right: 나는 두려움이 있어요. / 나는 두려움을 느껴요.

Over-formalizing casual situations is also a mistake. If you are watching a horror movie with friends, saying '두려움을 느껴요' sounds like you are reading from a textbook. In that case, just scream '무서워!' (Scary!). Use 두려움 for serious, deep, or written contexts.

Mistake 3: Confusing with '겁' (Geop): '겁' usually refers to cowardice or a momentary fright. '겁이 나다' is very common for 'to be scared.' '두려움' is much broader and more emotional. Calling a deep existential dread '겁' would trivialize the feeling.

그는 두려움이 없는 용감한 사람이다. (He is a brave person without fear.) - Here, '겁' could also work, but '두려움' sounds more heroic.

Finally, remember that 두려움 is rarely used in the plural. While English says 'my fears,' Korean usually sticks to the singular '두려움' unless specifically listing different types of fear. Saying '두려움들' is grammatically possible but often sounds unnatural unless in very specific poetic contexts.

Korean has a rich vocabulary for fear, and choosing the right word depends on the intensity, source, and duration of the emotion. Understanding the synonyms for 두려움 will help you express yourself more precisely.

두려움 vs. 무서움: 두려움: Abstract, long-term, psychological (e.g., fear of failure).
무서움: Concrete, immediate, physical (e.g., fear of ghosts, snakes).

밤길이 무서움을 준다면, 미래는 두려움을 준다. (If a night road gives you 'scary-fear', the future gives you 'existential-fear'.)

Another key alternative is 공포 (Gongpo). This word, derived from Hanja (恐怖), translates closer to 'terror' or 'horror'. It is used for extreme fear that paralyzes or for the genre of horror movies (공포 영화). It is much more intense than 두려움.

두려움 vs. 공포: 두려움: A general feeling of dread or apprehension.
공포: A sharp, intense, and often overwhelming terror.

전쟁의 공포 속에서도 사람들은 두려움을 이겨냈다. (Even in the terror of war, people overcame their fear.)

For a more colloquial tone, use 겁 (Geop). This is the word used when someone is being a 'scaredy-cat'. It refers to the lack of courage. Phrases like '겁이 많다' (to have many fears/to be timid) or '겁을 주다' (to scare someone/threaten) are very common in daily life.

Summary of Alternatives: 1. 불안 (Bulan): Anxiety/Unease. Often overlaps with fear but lacks a specific object.
2. 경외 (Gyeong-oe): Awe/Dread. A mix of fear and deep respect (e.g., fear of God or nature).
3. 전율 (Jeonyul): Shudder/Thrill. The physical sensation of fear or excitement.

그는 불안과 두려움 사이에서 방황했다. (He wandered between anxiety and fear.)

Choosing between these words allows you to paint a more detailed picture of your emotional state. While 두려움 is your 'go-to' word for meaningful fear, knowing these alternatives will make your Korean sound more natural and sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

The suffix '-움' is a productive nominalizer in Korean that turns descriptive verbs into nouns, often representing abstract feelings (e.g., joy, sadness, longing).

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK du.ɾjʌ.um

US du.ɾjʌ.um

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis may fall on the first syllable '두'.

तुकबंदी

그리움 (longing) 어려움 (difficulty) 부드러움 (softness) 즐거움 (joy) 외로움 (loneliness) 서러움 (sorrow) 차가움 (coldness) 뜨거움 (hotness)

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'ryeo' as two distinct syllables (ri-eo). It should be one fluid glide.
Dropping the final 'm' sound in 'um'.
Pronouncing 'du' like English 'do' (too voiced). It should be a plain unaspirated 'd'.
Over-emphasizing the 'y' in 'ryeo'.
Confusing 'um' with 'un'.

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the common -움 ending.

लिखना 3/5

Requires understanding of the -에 대한 pattern.

बोलना 3/5

Needs to be distinguished from the more common '무서워'.

श्रवण 2/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to hear.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

무섭다 마음 느끼다 없다 있다

आगे सीखें

극복하다 불안 용기 대항하다 마주하다

उन्नत

엄습하다 잠식하다 경외심 실존적 트라우마

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Nominalization with -ㅁ/음

슬프다 -> 슬픔, 기쁘다 -> 기쁨, 두렵다 -> 두려움

Noun + 에 대한 (About/Toward)

성공에 대한 열정, 실패에 대한 두려움

Noun + 없이 (Without)

희망 없이, 두려움 없이

Noun + 때문에 (Because of)

비 때문에, 두려움 때문에

Noun + 이/가 생기다 (To arise/form)

용기가 생기다, 두려움이 생기다

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

두려움이 없어요.

I have no fear.

Noun + 이/가 없다 (to not have/there is no).

그는 두려움을 느껴요.

He feels fear.

Noun + 을/를 느끼다 (to feel).

두려움은 나빠요.

Fear is bad.

Noun + 은/는 + Adjective.

작은 두려움이 있어요.

I have a small fear.

Adjective + Noun.

두려움을 이겨요.

Win over fear.

Noun + 을/를 이기다 (to win/overcome).

두려움이 생겼어요.

Fear arose.

Past tense of 생기다 (to arise/happen).

친구는 두려움이 많아요.

My friend has many fears.

Noun + 이/가 많다 (to have many/much).

두려움 없이 가요.

Go without fear.

Noun + 없이 (without).

실패에 대한 두려움이 커요.

The fear of failure is big.

Noun + 에 대한 (about/towards).

두려움을 극복하고 싶어요.

I want to overcome my fear.

-고 싶다 (want to).

미래에 대한 두려움이 있어요.

I have fear about the future.

Noun + 에 대한 (about).

그녀는 두려움에 떨고 있어요.

She is trembling with fear.

-고 있다 (progressive tense).

두려움 때문에 못 했어요.

I couldn't do it because of fear.

Noun + 때문에 (because of).

이 책은 두려움을 없애 줘요.

This book removes fear.

아/어 주다 (do something for someone).

혼자 있는 두려움이 있어요.

I have a fear of being alone.

Noun phrase + Noun.

두려움을 참지 마세요.

Don't hold back your fear.

-지 마세요 (don't do).

새로운 시작은 항상 두려움을 동반한다.

A new beginning always accompanies fear.

동반하다 (to accompany) - formal tone.

그는 두려움을 숨기려고 노력했다.

He tried to hide his fear.

-(으)려고 노력하다 (try to).

두려움이 앞서서 결정을 못 내리겠어요.

Fear comes first, so I can't make a decision.

-아서/어서 (reason) + -겠- (intention/conjecture).

우리는 두려움을 마주해야 합니다.

We must face our fears.

-아야/어야 하다 (must/should).

갑자기 알 수 없는 두려움이 몰려왔다.

Suddenly, an unknown fear came rushing in.

몰려오다 (to flock/rush in).

두려움은 마음의 감옥과 같다.

Fear is like a prison of the mind.

Noun + 와/과 같다 (to be like).

그의 목소리에는 두려움이 섞여 있었다.

Fear was mixed in his voice.

섞여 있다 (to be mixed).

변화에 대한 두려움을 버리세요.

Throw away your fear of change.

버리다 (to throw away/discard).

어둠 속에서 정체 모를 두려움이 엄습했다.

An unidentifiable fear invaded in the darkness.

엄습하다 (to invade/attack suddenly).

두려움을 이겨낸 사람만이 성공할 수 있다.

Only those who overcome fear can succeed.

-ㄴ 사람만이 (only the person who...).

그의 눈빛에서 깊은 두려움을 읽을 수 있었다.

I could read deep fear in his eyes.

-(으)ㄹ 수 있다 (can).

사회적 고립에 대한 두려움이 확산되고 있다.

Fear of social isolation is spreading.

-고 있다 (progressive) + 확산되다 (to be spread).

두려움에 사로잡혀 아무것도 하지 못했다.

I was seized by fear and couldn't do anything.

사로잡히다 (to be seized/captured).

그 영화는 인간의 근원적인 두려움을 자극한다.

That movie stimulates fundamental human fears.

자극하다 (to stimulate).

두려움을 용기로 바꾸는 과정이 필요하다.

A process of turning fear into courage is needed.

A를 B로 바꾸다 (to change A into B).

죽음에 대한 두려움은 지극히 자연스러운 것이다.

Fear of death is extremely natural.

지극히 (extremely/exceedingly).

작가는 소설을 통해 존재론적 두려움을 탐구한다.

The author explores existential fear through the novel.

탐구하다 (to explore/investigate).

그의 침묵은 두려움의 또 다른 표현이었다.

His silence was another expression of fear.

Noun + 의 + Noun (possessive/descriptive).

미지의 세계에 대한 두려움이 인류를 발전시켰다.

Fear of the unknown world has developed humanity.

발전시키다 (to develop/evolve something).

권력자들은 대중의 두려움을 이용하여 통제한다.

Those in power use the public's fear to control them.

이용하여 (using/by means of).

두려움이 내면을 잠식해 들어오는 것을 느꼈다.

I felt fear eroding my inner self.

잠식하다 (to erode/encroach).

신성한 것에 대한 두려움, 즉 경외심을 느꼈다.

I felt fear for the sacred, that is, awe.

즉 (that is/in other words).

그녀의 글에는 상실에 대한 두려움이 배어 있다.

Fear of loss is permeated in her writing.

배어 있다 (to be permeated/soaked).

두려움을 직시하는 것이 치유의 첫걸음이다.

Facing fear directly is the first step to healing.

직시하다 (to look straight at/face squarely).

인간 소외에서 비롯된 근원적 두려움은 현대인의 고질병이다.

The fundamental fear stemming from human alienation is a chronic disease of modern people.

비롯되다 (to originate/stem from).

그의 연기는 두려움의 미묘한 층위를 완벽하게 포착해냈다.

His acting perfectly captured the subtle layers of fear.

포착해내다 (to capture/seize successfully).

역사의 소용돌이 속에서 개인의 두려움은 함몰되기 마련이다.

In the vortex of history, individual fear is bound to be submerged.

-기 마련이다 (is bound to/it is natural that...).

두려움이라는 감정의 파고를 넘어서는 숭고한 의지.

A sublime will that transcends the surging waves of the emotion called fear.

파고 (height of waves - metaphorical).

그 철학자는 두려움을 자유로 가는 관문으로 규정했다.

The philosopher defined fear as the gateway to freedom.

A를 B로 규정하다 (to define A as B).

무의식 속에 똬리를 틀고 있는 두려움을 끄집어내다.

To drag out the fear coiled in the subconscious.

똬리를 틀다 (to coil - usually used for snakes).

죽음의 두려움을 초월한 성자의 평온한 미소.

The peaceful smile of a saint who has transcended the fear of death.

초월하다 (to transcend).

두려움의 발로로서의 폭력은 비극을 낳을 뿐이다.

Violence as an expression of fear only gives birth to tragedy.

발로 (expression/manifestation).

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

두려움을 느끼다

두려움을 극복하다

두려움에 떨다

두려움에 사로잡히다

두려움이 앞서다

실패에 대한 두려움

미래에 대한 두려움

죽음에 대한 두려움

두려움 없이

두려움을 이겨내다

सामान्य वाक्यांश

두려움이 몰려오다

— Fear comes rushing in like a wave.

혼자 남겨지자 두려움이 몰려왔다.

두려움을 사다

— To cause fear (literally: to buy fear - rare/literary).

그의 행동은 사람들의 두려움을 샀다.

두려움이 가득하다

— To be full of fear.

그의 눈에는 두려움이 가득했다.

두려움에 휩싸이다

— To be engulfed/surrounded by fear.

마을 전체가 두려움에 휩싸였다.

두려움을 떨치다

— To shake off/get rid of fear.

그는 겨우 두려움을 떨치고 일어났다.

두려움의 대상

— An object of fear.

그 사자는 숲의 두려움의 대상이었다.

두려움을 주다

— To give/inflict fear on someone.

어둠은 아이들에게 두려움을 준다.

두려움을 모르다

— To not know fear (to be fearless).

그는 두려움을 모르는 용사였다.

두려움이 사라지다

— Fear disappears.

불을 켜자 두려움이 사라졌다.

두려움에 직면하다

— To face fear directly.

우리는 이제 두려움에 직면해야 한다.

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

두려움 vs 무서움

무서움 is for immediate physical threats; 두려움 is for abstract or long-term dread.

두려움 vs 불안

불안 is anxiety (no specific object); 두려움 usually has a cause (e.g., fear of X).

두려움 vs 겁

겁 is cowardice or being a 'scaredy-cat'; 두려움 is a deeper emotion.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"자라 보고 놀란 가슴 솥뚜껑 보고 놀란다"

— Once bitten, twice shy. Fear from a past experience makes you scared of similar things.

그는 사고 이후로 운전대만 잡으면 두려움을 느낀다. 자라 보고 놀란 가슴 솥뚜껑 보고 놀란다더니.

Common Idiom

"간이 콩알만 해지다"

— To be extremely scared (literally: liver becomes as small as a bean).

갑자기 큰 소리가 나서 간이 콩알만 해졌어.

Colloquial

"오금이 저리다"

— To be so scared that your knees feel numb/weak.

너무 높은 곳에 올라가니 오금이 저려서 못 움직이겠어.

Colloquial

"간담이 서늘하다"

— To be chilled with fear (literally: liver and gallbladder become cool).

그 사고 소식을 듣고 간담이 서늘했다.

Neutral

"사색이 되다"

— To turn pale with fear (literally: to become the color of death).

그는 귀신 이야기를 듣고 얼굴이 사색이 되었다.

Neutral

"혼비백산하다"

— To be frightened out of one's wits.

갑작스러운 폭발 소리에 모두가 혼비백산했다.

Formal/Literary

"모골이 송연하다"

— To have one's hair stand on end with fear.

그의 잔인한 행동을 보니 모골이 송연해졌다.

Literary

"발을 뻗고 못 자다"

— To not be able to sleep peacefully due to fear or anxiety.

비밀이 탄로 날까 봐 두려움에 발을 뻗고 못 잤다.

Colloquial

"가슴이 철렁하다"

— One's heart sinks with sudden fear or surprise.

아이를 잃어버린 줄 알고 가슴이 철렁했다.

Colloquial

"눈앞이 캄캄하다"

— To feel hopeless and fearful about the future (literally: it's pitch black in front of one's eyes).

직장을 잃으니 앞날에 대한 두려움으로 눈앞이 캄캄했다.

Colloquial

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

두려움 vs 공포

Both mean fear.

공포 is extreme terror or horror (like a movie); 두려움 is general dread.

전쟁의 공포 vs. 미래에 대한 두려움

두려움 vs 우려

Both involve worrying about the future.

우려 is 'concern' (more intellectual/official); 두려움 is 'fear' (more emotional).

경제 위기에 대한 우려 vs. 가난에 대한 두려움

두려움 vs 걱정

Both are negative feelings about something.

걱정 is 'worry' (daily issues); 두려움 is 'fear' (deeper threats).

지각할까 봐 걱정돼요 vs. 죽음이 두려워요

두려움 vs 떨림

Both can describe the physical state of being scared.

떨림 is the physical 'trembling' (can be from excitement too); 두려움 is the emotion.

목소리의 떨림 vs. 마음속의 두려움

두려움 vs 경외

Both involve a sense of being overwhelmed.

경외 includes respect and awe; 두려움 is purely negative/avoidant.

신에 대한 경외 vs. 벌에 대한 두려움

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

N이/가 있어요

두려움이 있어요.

N에 대한 N

실패에 대한 두려움.

N을/를 극복하다

두려움을 극복해요.

N에 사로잡히다

두려움에 사로잡혔어요.

N이/가 엄습하다

두려움이 엄습했다.

N의 발로

두려움의 발로로서의 행동.

N 없이 V

두려움 없이 도전해요.

N 때문에 V

두려움 때문에 못 가요.

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

두려움 (fear)

두려움증 (phobia - rare)

क्रिया

두려워하다 (to fear/be afraid of)

विशेषण

두렵다 (to be fearful/scary)

두려운 (fearful - attributive form)

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Common in literature, news, and serious discussions; less common in casual daily chatter than '무섭다'.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

나는 두려움이에요. → 나는 두려워요. / 나는 두려움을 느껴요.
You cannot say 'I am fear' to mean 'I am afraid'. You must use the adjective or the 'feel fear' structure.
두려움을 있어요. → 두려움이 있어요.
The verb '있다' (to exist/have) takes the subject particle -이/가, not the object particle -를.
귀신이 두려움이에요. → 귀신이 무서워요.
For physical things like ghosts, the adjective '무섭다' is much more natural than the noun '두려움'.
두려움 없이를 했어요. → 두려움 없이 했어요.
'두려움 없이' (without fear) acts as an adverb, so it doesn't need an object particle before the verb.
실패의 두려움 → 실패에 대한 두려움
While '실패의 두려움' is understood, '실패에 대한 두려움' is the standard and more natural way to express 'fear of failure'.

सुझाव

Nominalization Tip

The '-움' suffix is your key to turning adjectives into nouns. Whenever you see it, look for the base adjective (두렵다) to understand the root meaning.

Abstract vs Concrete

Use '두려움' for the big stuff in life—future, death, failure. Use '무서움' for the small stuff—spiders, dark rooms, scary movies.

Pairing with 극복

One of the most common ways to use '두려움' is with '극복하다' (to overcome). It’s a very positive and inspirational phrase.

The Final 'M'

Make sure you close your lips firmly for the final 'ㅁ' in '움'. If you leave it open, it might sound like a different word or suffix.

Emotional Weight

Using '두려움' in a conversation signals that you are talking about something deeply personal. Use it when you want to be taken seriously.

Synonym Check

Don't forget '공포' for terror and '불안' for anxiety. Choosing the right one makes you sound much more like a native speaker.

Particle Precision

Always use '-에 대한' when specifying what the fear is about. It’s the most natural and grammatically correct way to link the cause to the emotion.

Avoid 'I am fear'

Never say '나는 두려움이에요'. Always use '나는 두려워요' (adjective) or '나는 두려움을 느껴요' (noun + verb).

Song Lyrics

Listen for '두려움' in K-ballads. It often appears right before a high note or a dramatic shift in the song's meaning.

Visualizing Fear

Associate '두려움' with a heavy fog or a dark shadow. It helps you remember that it's something that can surround and weigh on you.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of 'Do-Ryeo-Um'. 'Do' sounds like 'Do not'. 'Ryeo' sounds like 'Rear'. 'Um' is the sound you make when thinking. 'Do not look to the rear or you will have fear (um)...'

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a person standing before a large, dark door (Du) with a mysterious shadow (Ryeo) and they are saying 'Um...' in hesitation.

Word Web

공포 (Terror) 용기 (Courage) 미래 (Future) 실패 (Failure) 심장 (Heart) 눈물 (Tears) 어둠 (Darkness) 극복 (Overcome)

चैलेंज

Try to write three sentences about a '두려움' you had as a child and how you feel about it now.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Derived from the Middle Korean word '두렵다'.

मूल अर्थ: To be afraid, to be fearful.

Koreanic (Native Korean word).

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Be careful when using '두려움' to describe others; it can imply they are weak if used in the wrong context. Using it for yourself is usually fine.

English speakers might use 'scared' more loosely. In Korean, '두려움' is more formal and serious than English 'scared'.

The movie 'The Admiral: Roaring Currents' (명량) - '두려움을 용기로 바꿀 수 있다면.' (If we can turn fear into courage.) BTS song 'Interlude: Shadow' deals heavily with the '두려움' of fame. The classic poem 'Azaleas' by Kim Sowol hints at the '두려움' of parting.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Psychology/Self-help

두려움을 마주하다
내면의 두려움
두려움을 다스리다
두려움의 원인

Career/Education

실패에 대한 두려움
새로운 도전에 대한 두려움
발표 두려움
평가에 대한 두려움

Literature/Art

두려움에 찬 눈빛
두려움이 서린 목소리
근원적인 두려움
두려움의 서사

Relationships

버림받을 두려움
상처받는 것에 대한 두려움
솔직해지는 두려움
이별의 두려움

News/Society

대중의 두려움
경제적 두려움
막연한 두려움
두려움이 확산되다

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"가장 큰 두려움이 무엇인가요? (What is your biggest fear?)"

"실패에 대한 두려움을 어떻게 극복하시나요? (How do you overcome the fear of failure?)"

"어릴 때 가졌던 두려움이 지금도 있나요? (Do you still have the fears you had as a child?)"

"새로운 일을 시작할 때 두려움을 느끼는 편인가요? (Do you tend to feel fear when starting something new?)"

"두려움 없이 살 수 있다면 무엇을 하고 싶으세요? (If you could live without fear, what would you want to do?)"

डायरी विषय

오늘 내가 느낀 작은 두려움에 대해 써보세요. (Write about a small fear you felt today.)

두려움을 극복했던 가장 자랑스러운 순간은 언제인가요? (When was the proudest moment you overcame fear?)

나에게 두려움이란 어떤 색깔인가요? 그 이유는 무엇인가요? (What color is fear to you? Why?)

10년 후의 나에게 두려움에 대해 해주고 싶은 말은? (What do you want to say about fear to yourself 10 years from now?)

두려움이 우리 삶에 주는 긍정적인 역할이 있을까요? (Does fear have a positive role in our lives?)

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

It's better to use '공포' (terror) or '무서움'. Saying '두려움' for a movie sounds like the movie is giving you an existential crisis rather than just a jump-scare.

두렵다 is more formal and used for abstract things (future, failure). 무섭다 is casual and used for physical things (ghosts, dogs). For example, '시험이 두려워요' (I fear the exam's impact) vs '개는 무서워요' (I'm scared of dogs).

You can say '고소공포증이 있어요' (I have acrophobia) or more simply '높은 곳을 무서워해요'. Using '두려움' here sounds very literary.

Rarely. In Korean, abstract nouns like 'fear' are usually singular. You would only use '두려움들' in very poetic or specific psychological contexts where you are listing distinct types of fear.

The most common are 느끼다 (to feel), 극복하다 (to overcome), and 있다 (to have). For example, '두려움을 느껴요'.

No, that would sound very strange. Just say '매운 거 못 먹어요' (I can't eat spicy food) or '매운 게 무서워요' (if you're being funny).

Yes, it is more formal and serious than '무서움' or '겁'. It is the standard word used in writing and serious speeches.

In a dramatic or biblical sense, you could say '두려워하지 말라'. In daily life, you'd say '걱정 마세요' or '무서워하지 마세요'.

Not exactly for the noun, but '쫄다' is slang for 'to be scared/intimidated'. '나 쫄았어' means 'I'm scared/I chickened out'.

Not necessarily. It is a natural human emotion. '겁' (geop) is the word that more specifically implies cowardice or being a 'scaredy-cat'.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें