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A2 adjective 8 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

基础的

jichu de
उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव 基础的 30 सेकंड में
व्याख्या 基础的 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should think of '基础的' (jīchǔ de) as the word for the very first things you learn. It's like the 'ABC' of any subject. While you might not use this long word often yourself, you will hear teachers use it. It describes things like basic colors, basic numbers, or basic greetings. At this stage, just remember that '基础' (jīchǔ) means 'foundation' or 'base.' If you are building a Lego house, the first big flat piece you put down is the '基础.' In language, saying 'Hello' and 'Thank you' are your '基础的' words. You can use it simply: '基础的词' (basic words). It helps you categorize information into 'easy/first' versus 'hard/later.' Focus on the idea that everything big starts with something '基础的.'
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the A2 level, you can start using '基础的' to describe your own learning process and requirements. You are no longer just learning 'words'; you are learning '基础的语法' (basic grammar) and '基础的句子' (basic sentences). You can use it to talk about your skills in a job or a hobby. For example, '我会基础的电脑操作' (I can do basic computer operations). This level is about building a 'solid foundation' (打好基础). You should understand that '基础的' often comes before a noun. You might also encounter it in phrases like '基础知识' (basic knowledge). It's a useful word to explain that you are a beginner but you have the core skills. It shows you understand that learning is a step-by-step process.
At the B1 level, '基础的' becomes a tool for discussing more complex systems and plans. You can use it to describe the 'infrastructure' (基础设施) of a city or the 'foundational theory' (基础理论) of a science project. You should be able to distinguish '基础的' from synonyms like '基本的' (essential) or '初级的' (elementary). At B1, you might say, '这个项目的成功取决于基础的调研' (The success of this project depends on basic research). You are moving beyond just 'simple' things and starting to see how '基础的' elements support entire structures. You can also use it in a metaphorical sense, like '基础的信任' (basic trust) in a relationship. Your sentences should start to include more abstract nouns paired with this adjective.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B2 level, you should use '基础的' with precision in professional and academic contexts. You will encounter it in discussions about '基础科学' (basic science) vs. '应用科学' (applied science). You should be comfortable using it to critique or analyze structures: '虽然这个想法很有创意，但它缺乏基础的逻辑支持' (Although this idea is creative, it lacks basic logical support). You will also notice its use in legal or socio-political contexts, describing the '基础权利' (foundational rights) of citizens. At this level, you should be aware of the stylistic choice between using '基础' as a noun or '基础的' as an adjective. You can use it to describe the 'underpinnings' of an economy or a cultural movement. Your usage should reflect a deep understanding of how foundations work in abstract systems.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, you are expected to use '基础的' in nuanced ways, often in academic writing or high-level business negotiations. You might discuss the '基础层' (foundational layer) of a blockchain or the '基础哲学' (underlying philosophy) of a literary work. You should understand the historical and etymological roots of the word—how the characters '基' and '础' both refer to the stones under a pillar. This allows you to use the word with rhetorical power. For example, '这是我们社会契约中最为基础的部分' (This is the most foundational part of our social contract). You should also be able to recognize when '基础的' is being used to imply a 'rudimentary' state that needs evolution, vs. a 'fundamental' state that is timeless and unchangeable.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C2 level, '基础的' is used with complete native-like fluency, including its use in idiomatic expressions and complex philosophical discourse. You can use it to discuss the 'ontological foundation' of a theory or the 'structural integrity' of a complex geopolitical alliance. You might use it in literary analysis to describe the 'foundation' of a character's motivation. At this level, you can play with the word, perhaps using it in a self-deprecating way or to emphasize a profound truth: '万丈高楼平地起，靠的就是这些最基础的细节' (A ten-thousand-foot building rises from the ground, relying on these most basic details). You understand all the subtle differences between it and its synonyms, and you can switch between them to achieve specific stylistic effects in your writing and oratory.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

基础的 30 सेकंड में

  • 基础的 (jīchǔ de) means basic or fundamental, acting as the foundation for everything else.
  • It is commonly used in education, construction, and planning to describe essential starting points.
  • Unlike 'simple,' it emphasizes importance and necessity rather than just lack of difficulty.
  • Always place it before the noun it modifies, and remember it comes from the word for 'foundation'.

The term 基础的 (jīchǔ de) is a cornerstone of the Chinese language, functioning as an adjective that describes things that are fundamental, elementary, or serving as a base. In its literal sense, derived from architecture, it refers to the very stones and earth that support a massive structure. In daily life, it transitions into an abstract descriptor for the most essential parts of any system, skill, or concept. When you are learning a new language, the alphabet is your 基础的 knowledge. When building a house, the concrete slab is the 基础的 part of the construction. It implies that without this specific element, nothing else can stand or progress.

Structural Core
Refers to the physical or conceptual foundation of an object or idea. It is the 'bottom layer' that supports everything above it.
Educational Level
Used to describe introductory courses or elementary skills that must be mastered before moving to advanced topics.
Necessity
Implies that the subject is not just simple, but required. It is the 'must-have' rather than the 'nice-to-have'.

我们需要先学习一些基础的语法规则。(Wǒmen xūyào xiān xuéxí yīxiē jīchǔ de yǔfǎ guīzé.) - We need to learn some basic grammar rules first.

In a professional context, you might hear a manager talk about 基础的基础设施 (jīchǔ de jīchǔ shèshī) or basic infrastructure. This refers to the systems like electricity and water that allow a city to function. In the world of technology, 基础的 code refers to the core logic that powers an application. It is a word that carries weight; while it might sound 'simple,' it actually denotes 'importance.' Without the 基础的 parts, the entire system is at risk of collapse.

这只是一个基础的方案，我们还会改进。(Zhè zhǐshì yīgè jīchǔ de fāng'àn, wǒmen hái huì gǎijìn.) - This is just a basic plan; we will still improve it.

Culturally, Chinese education emphasizes the 'foundation' (基础). Students are often told that their '基础' is not solid enough (基础不牢), which means they haven't mastered the fundamental principles before trying to solve complex problems. This reflects a broader philosophical view that greatness is built upon a sturdy, often invisible, base. Using 基础的 correctly shows that you understand the hierarchical nature of learning and construction in Chinese thought.

他的基础的数学能力很强。(Tā de jīchǔ de shùxué nénglì hěn qiáng.) - His basic math skills are very strong.

Usage in Art
Refers to sketching or color theory before painting a masterpiece.
Usage in Sports
Refers to physical conditioning and fundamental movements like footwork.

Using 基础的 effectively requires understanding its role as a modifier. It almost always precedes a noun to define that noun's level or importance within a hierarchy. Unlike English, where 'basic' can sometimes mean 'boring' or 'unrefined' in a derogatory sense, in Chinese, 基础的 is usually neutral or positive, emphasizing stability and necessity.

我们要打好基础的身体素质。(Wǒmen yào dǎ hǎo jīchǔ de shēntǐ sùzhì.) - We need to build a good foundation of physical fitness.

The structure is typically: [Adjective] + 的 + [Noun]. For example, 基础的技能 (basic skills), 基础的理论 (foundational theory), or 基础的设施 (basic facilities). You can also use it after a verb like '是' (to be) to describe a situation, though this is less common than its attributive use.

Pattern: Subject + 是 + 基础的
These concepts are fundamental. (这些概念是基础的。)
Pattern: 基础的 + Abstract Noun
Refers to principles or logic. (基础的逻辑 - Basic logic.)

When you want to emphasize that something is *only* basic, you might add '只是' (zhǐshì - just). For instance, '这只是最基础的要求' (This is only the most basic requirement). This suggests that there are higher levels to achieve. Conversely, if you want to emphasize its importance, you might use '非常' (fēicháng - very), as in '这些基础的步骤非常重要' (These basic steps are very important).

学习编程需要掌握基础的算法。(Xuéxí biānchéng xūyào zhǎngwò jīchǔ de suànfǎ.) - Learning programming requires mastering basic algorithms.

One nuance to watch for is the difference between 基础的 and 简单的 (jiǎndān de - simple). A task can be 'simple' but not 'basic' (like a simple decoration), and a 'basic' task might actually be quite difficult to perform perfectly (like a basic violin scale). Always use 基础的 when you want to highlight that the item is a prerequisite for something else.

In modern China, you will encounter 基础的 in several key domains. The most common is the education system. Teachers constantly talk about '基础知识' (basic knowledge) and '基础教育' (basic education, referring to K-12). In a classroom, a teacher might say, '如果你连这些基础的公式都不懂，你怎么做复杂的题？' (If you don't even understand these basic formulas, how can you do complex problems?).

在这个行业，基础的经验非常重要。(Zài zhège hángyè, jīchǔ de jīngyàn fēicháng zhòngyào.) - In this industry, basic experience is very important.

Another major domain is construction and urban planning. When news reports discuss '基础设施建设' (infrastructure construction), they are talking about the foundation of the nation's economy. You'll hear about 基础的 materials like steel and cement. In a more metaphorical sense, politicians often speak about the 基础的 principles of society or the economy.

News Media
Frequent use in economic reports regarding 'base' rates or 'foundational' industries.
Job Interviews
Interviewers will ask if you have the 基础的 skills required for the role.

In the tech and startup world, '基础的' is used to describe the MVP (Minimum Viable Product). Developers talk about '基础的功能' (basic functions) that must work before they add 'fancy' features. If you are in a meeting in Beijing or Shanghai, you might hear: '我们先实现最基础的功能，然后再考虑其他的。' (Let's implement the most basic functions first, then consider the others).

这是一些基础的操作步骤。(Zhè shì yīxiē jīchǔ de cāozuò bùzhòu.) - These are some basic operating steps.

The most common mistake learners make is the confusion between 基础的 (jīchǔ de) and 基本的 (jīběn de). While they both translate to 'basic' in English, they have different flavors. 基础的 focuses on the physical or conceptual foundation (like the base of a building), whereas 基本的 focuses on what is essential, primary, or 'mostly' true. For example, 'basic human rights' is usually 基本人权, not 基础人权.

Incorrect: 这是我的基本知识。(Zhè shì wǒ de jīběn zhīshì.)

Correct: 这是我的基础知识。(Zhè shì wǒ de jīchǔ zhīshì.)

Another mistake is overusing '的'. In Chinese, if '基础' is used as part of a compound noun that is a standard term, the '的' is often omitted. For instance, 'basic infrastructure' is 基础设施 (jīchǔ shèshī), not 基础的设施. Using the '的' in these fixed terms makes you sound like a beginner. However, when you are using '基础' as a general adjective to describe a noun that isn't a fixed term, keep the '的'.

Mistake: Confusing with '简单' (Simple)
Saying '基础的题' when you mean 'easy questions' (简单的题). '基础的' implies they are fundamental to the curriculum, not necessarily that they are easy to solve.
Mistake: Word Order
Putting the noun before '基础的'. Adjectives in Chinese almost always come before the noun they modify.

Finally, remember that '基础' can be a noun on its own. A common error is saying '我有基础的' (I have basic) without a noun. You should say '我有基础' (I have a foundation/background) or '我有基础的知识' (I have basic knowledge). The adjective form 基础的 needs something to describe.

To truly master Chinese, you need to know when to use 基础的 and when to opt for a synonym that might fit the context better. The Chinese language is rich with words that describe 'levels' and 'essentials.'

基本的 (jīběn de)
Comparison: Basic/Essential. Use this for rights, principles, or when saying 'basically' (基本上).
Example: 这是最基本的要求。(This is the most essential requirement.)
初级的 (chūjí de)
Comparison: Primary/Elementary. Use this specifically for levels of education or skill tiers (Beginner vs. Advanced).
Example: 我在报一个初级的汉语班。(I am signing up for an elementary Chinese class.)
根本的 (gēnběn de)
Comparison: Fundamental/Root. Use this for the 'root cause' or 'absolute' principles. It is stronger than 基础的.
Example: 这是根本的原因。(This is the fundamental reason.)
底层的 (dǐcéng de)
Comparison: Bottom-layer/Underlying. Often used in tech (low-level code) or social hierarchy (grassroots).
Example: 底层逻辑 (Underlying logic).

虽然他的技术很初级，但他的基础打得很牢。(Although his technique is elementary, his foundation is very solid.)

Choosing the right word depends on the 'flavor' you want to convey. If you want to sound like a student or a builder, 基础的 is your best friend. If you want to sound like a philosopher or a lawyer, 根本的 or 基本的 might be more appropriate. In business, 核心的 (héxīn de - core) is often used as a more powerful alternative to describe something that is not just basic, but central to the operation.

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

In ancient Chinese architecture, the '础' (plinth) was essential to prevent wooden pillars from rotting due to moisture from the ground. Thus, a '基础' was literally a life-saver for a house.

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK /dʒiː tʃuː də/
US /dʒi tʃu də/
The primary stress is on the first syllable 'jī', with 'chǔ' having a slightly lower pitch before the very short 'de'.
तुकबंदी
衣 (yī) 低 (dī) 妻 (qī) 补 (bǔ) 虎 (hǔ) 母 (mǔ) 的 (de) 和 (he)
आम गलतियाँ
  • Pronouncing 'ch' as 'sh'. Ensure there is a 't' sound at the start of the 'ch'.
  • Making 'de' too long. It should be a very short, neutral tone.
  • Misplacing the tones: jī (flat, high), chǔ (dipping), de (neutral).

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 2/5

The characters are common but '础' is slightly complex to write.

लिखना 3/5

Writing '基础' requires attention to stroke order, especially the stone radical in '础'.

बोलना 2/5

Tones are jī (1) and chǔ (3), which is a standard high-to-low-dip sequence.

श्रवण 2/5

Very common in educational and news contexts, easy to recognize once learned.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

基 (Base) 地 (Ground) 的 (Possessive) 知识 (Knowledge) 学习 (Study)

आगे सीखें

基本的 (Essential) 根本的 (Fundamental) 基础设施 (Infrastructure) 初级 (Elementary) 核心 (Core)

उन्नत

奠基石 (Cornerstone) 上层建筑 (Superstructure) 逻辑前提 (Logical premise) 本体论 (Ontology)
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

这是基础的颜色。

These are basic colors.

基础的 (adj) + 颜色 (noun).

2

我学习基础的汉字。

I study basic Chinese characters.

Subject + Verb + Adjective + Noun.

3

他会说基础的英语。

He can speak basic English.

会 (can) + 基础的 (basic).

4

我们需要基础的食物。

We need basic food.

基础的 describes the type of food.

5

这是基础的数字。

These are basic numbers.

Numbers are fundamental.

6

基础的练习很重要。

Basic practice is important.

Subject (Adjective + Noun) + 很 + Adjective.

7

我有基础的工具。

I have basic tools.

Possession of fundamental items.

8

这是基础的问题。

This is a basic question.

Simple/Fundamental question.

1

你要打好基础的技能。

You need to build a good foundation of skills.

打好基础 (idiomatic: build a good foundation).

2

这是基础的语法规则。

These are basic grammar rules.

基础的 modifying a specific noun.

3

我只有基础的电脑知识。

I only have basic computer knowledge.

只有 (only have) + basic knowledge.

4

这是一本基础的教材。

This is a basic textbook.

Describes the level of the book.

5

我们需要基础的设备。

We need basic equipment.

Necessary equipment.

6

这是基础的工作流程。

This is the basic workflow.

Standard procedure.

7

他做了一些基础的练习。

He did some basic exercises.

Measure word 一些 (some) used.

8

基础的教育对孩子很重要。

Basic education is important for children.

Abstract noun phrase as subject.

1

城市需要基础的交通系统。

Cities need a basic transportation system.

Relates to infrastructure.

2

这是科学研究中基础的部分。

This is a foundational part of scientific research.

Part of a larger system.

3

我们必须遵守基础的法律。

We must abide by basic laws.

Fundamental rules of society.

4

他缺乏基础的逻辑思维。

He lacks basic logical thinking.

缺乏 (to lack) + abstract noun.

5

这是一个非常基础的方案。

This is a very basic plan.

Degree adverb 非常 (very) used.

6

基础的医疗服务是免费的。

Basic medical services are free.

Social service context.

7

我们要学习基础的经济理论。

We need to study basic economic theories.

Academic subject.

8

这是基础的生存技能。

This is a basic survival skill.

Critical necessity.

1

基础的基础设施建设正在加速。

Basic infrastructure construction is accelerating.

Formal economic terminology.

2

这篇文章讨论了基础的哲学问题。

This article discusses basic philosophical questions.

Abstract intellectual context.

3

掌握基础的原理是创新的前提。

Mastering basic principles is a prerequisite for innovation.

Complex sentence structure.

4

公司提供基础的福利待遇。

The company provides basic benefits.

Business/HR context.

5

这是该算法中最基础的步骤。

This is the most basic step in this algorithm.

Superlative 最 (most) used.

6

基础的社会保障体系已经建立。

A basic social security system has been established.

Policy-related language.

7

他正在研究基础的物理现象。

He is researching basic physical phenomena.

Scientific research context.

8

我们需要一个基础的共识来继续合作。

We need a basic consensus to continue cooperating.

Diplomatic/Business negotiation.

1

基础的理论研究往往需要数年时间。

Basic theoretical research often takes years.

Academic nuance: basic vs. applied.

2

该项目的成功建立在基础的调研之上。

The project's success is built upon basic research.

Metaphorical use of 'foundation'.

3

他能够洞察事物最基础的本质。

He can perceive the most fundamental essence of things.

High-level abstract thought.

4

这些基础的假设是整个模型的核心。

These basic assumptions are the core of the entire model.

Modeling and theory construction.

5

法律的基础的正义感不容忽视。

The foundational sense of justice in law cannot be ignored.

Ethical and legal discourse.

6

基础的艺术修养提升了她的审美。

Basic artistic cultivation improved her aesthetics.

Refinement and cultivation.

7

我们需要重新审视这些基础的观点。

We need to re-examine these basic viewpoints.

Critical analysis.

8

基础的架构决定了软件的可扩展性。

The basic architecture determines the software's scalability.

Technical architecture context.

1

这种基础的本体论争论已经持续了几个世纪。

This basic ontological debate has lasted for centuries.

Advanced philosophical terminology.

2

尽管技术在进步，基础的人性依然未变。

Despite technological progress, basic human nature remains unchanged.

Universal philosophical observation.

3

基础的物质结构是量子力学的研究对象。

The basic structure of matter is the subject of quantum mechanics.

Pure science and high-level physics.

4

他的作品触及了人类情感中最基础的共鸣。

His work touches upon the most fundamental resonance in human emotion.

Literary and artistic criticism.

5

我们需要对基础的社会契约进行深刻的反思。

We need to engage in profound reflection on the basic social contract.

Political philosophy.

6

基础的逻辑谬误往往会导致灾难性的结论。

Basic logical fallacies often lead to catastrophic conclusions.

Logical analysis and warning.

7

该政策试图解决基础的结构性贫困问题。

The policy attempts to address basic structural poverty.

Sociological and policy analysis.

8

基础的语言元素在不同的文化中有着不同的表达方式。

Basic linguistic elements have different modes of expression in different cultures.

Linguistic and cultural study.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

基础知识
基础设施
基础教育
基础理论
基础技能
基础代谢
基础功
基础层
基础价格
基础要求

सामान्य वाक्यांश

打好基础

— To build a solid foundation. Used to encourage students to master basics.

一定要打好基础。

零基础

— Starting from zero; no prior experience. Often used in course descriptions.

零基础学中文。

基础不牢

— The foundation is not solid. Used to criticize poor basic skills.

他基础不牢，所以学得很慢。

打下基础

— To lay a foundation. Often used for long-term goals.

这为未来的成功打下了基础。

以...为基础

— Based on... Used to describe the premise of an argument or structure.

以事实为基础。

基础课

— Core course or foundational class in school.

大一有很多基础课。

基础工业

— Basic industries like energy, steel, and chemicals.

基础工业是国家命脉。

基础建设

— Infrastructure development.

加强基础建设。

基础研究

— Basic research in science (theoretical).

国家支持基础研究。

基础条件

— Basic conditions or requirements.

这是入职的基础条件。

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"万丈高楼平地起"

— A ten-thousand-foot building rises from the ground. It means great things start from a solid foundation.

万丈高楼平地起，基础最重要。

Literary/Common
"根深蒂固"

— Deeply rooted and firmly established. Usually used for habits or ideas.

这种观念根深蒂固。

Formal
"稳扎稳打"

— To go step by step and fight a steady battle. Emphasizes building a solid base.

我们要稳扎稳打，打好基础。

General
"本末倒置"

— To put the cart before the horse. Neglecting the foundation for the secondary.

不学基础就想做难题，真是本末倒置。

Formal
"循序渐进"

— Step by step progress. Start from the '基础' and move up.

学习要循序渐进。

General
"固本培元"

— To strengthen the foundation and cultivate the vital energy.

中药讲究固本培元。

Medical/Philosophical
"根基不稳"

— Unstable foundation. Used for buildings or organizations.

这个公司根基不稳。

Formal
"基础雄厚"

— Having a strong/solid foundation. Often used for companies or students.

他的资金基础雄厚。

Business
"博大精深"

— Broad and deep. Often used for culture, implying a deep foundation.

中国文化博大精深。

Formal
"求木之长者，必固其根本"

— He who wants the tree to grow tall must strengthen its roots.

教育也是如此，求木之长者，必固其根本。

Literary

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

基础 (Foundation)
基本 (Basis)
基地 (Base/Camp)
基数 (Base number)

क्रिया

基于 (Based on)
奠基 (To lay a foundation)

विशेषण

基础的 (Basic)
基本的 (Essential)
基层的 (Grassroots)

संबंधित

根源
核心
前提
初级
起点
सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of 'jī' as a 'jeep' driving on the 'chǔ' (church) foundation. You need the foundation for the jeep to move!

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a skyscraper. The part underground that you can't see is the '基础的' part. It's invisible but holds everything up.

Word Web

Building Education Logic Roots Prerequisite Support Concrete ABC

चैलेंज

Try to find 5 things in your room that are '基础的' (e.g., the floor, the walls, the table legs) and say them in Chinese.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The word '基础' (jīchǔ) is composed of two characters. '基' (jī) originally referred to the earth used for a wall or building foundation. '础' (chǔ) referred to the stone base or plinth under a wooden pillar.

मूल अर्थ: The physical structural base of a building (earth and stone).

Sino-Tibetan, Chinese.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using it to describe people's intelligence directly as it might sound condescending.

In English, 'basic' can be an insult (e.g., 'that's so basic'), but in Chinese, it is almost never used this way. It implies strength and necessity.

The phrase '万丈高楼平地起' (A skyscraper rises from the ground) is often used in political speeches. Laozi's 'Tao Te Ching' mentions that a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step (foundation). Confucian thought emphasizes the 'foundation' of family as the base for a stable country.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Education

  • 基础知识
  • 基础课
  • 打好基础
  • 基础教育

Construction

  • 地基
  • 基础设施
  • 基础工程
  • 基础材料

Science

  • 基础理论
  • 基础研究
  • 基础科学
  • 基础假设

Business

  • 基础价格
  • 基础业务
  • 基础福利
  • 基础要求

Computing

  • 基础层
  • 基础架构
  • 基础功能
  • 底层逻辑

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"你的中文基础怎么样？ (How is your Chinese foundation?)"

"你觉得学习什么技能最需要打好基础？ (What skill do you think needs a solid foundation the most?)"

"这个项目最基础的要求是什么？ (What is the most basic requirement for this project?)"

"你对这门课的基础知识了解多少？ (How much do you know about the basic knowledge of this course?)"

"我们是不是应该先从最基础的部分开始？ (Shouldn't we start from the most basic part first?)"

डायरी विषय

写一写你最近在学习的一项基础技能。 (Write about a basic skill you are currently learning.)

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

संबंधित सामग्री

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