B2 Future & Conditional 20 min read मध्यम

अतीत का अनुमान: संभावना के लिए कंडीशनल का उपयोग (Futuro do Pretérito)

Use the conditional tense (Futuro do Pretérito) to make guesses, express doubt, or state unverified facts about the past.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the conditional tense to express uncertainty or make an educated guess about the past.

  • Use it for past events you aren't sure about: 'Seria ele o culpado?' (Could he be the culprit?)
  • It replaces the simple past when guessing: 'Onde estaria a chave?' (Where could the key be?)
  • It works with verbs of state and action: 'Eles estariam viajando.' (They were probably traveling.)
Subject + Conditional Verb + (Object/Adverb)

Overview

आप रविवार की सुबह उठते हैं। आपके फोन पर आपके सबसे अच्छे दोस्त के 14 मिस्ड कॉल हैं। आपका पहला विचार कोई तथ्य नहीं, बल्कि एक अनुमान है। «क्या वह किसी मुसीबत में थी?» अंग्रेजी में, आप must have been का उपयोग करते हैं। लेकिन पुर्तगाली इसे बहुत ही शानदार तरीके से संभालता है। यह बस कंडीशनल (Conditional) टेंस का उपयोग करता है।
हां, वही टेंस जिसका उपयोग आप कैफे में कॉफी ऑर्डर करने के लिए करते हैं (Eu gostaria de um café), अफवाहों और पिछले अनुमानों के लिए एक टाइम मशीन के रूप में काम करता है।

How This Grammar Works

इसे समझने के लिए, अंग्रेजी अनुवाद को भूल जाएं। पुर्तगाली कंडीशनल का उपयोग अनिश्चितता के साथ अतीत को देखने के लिए करता है। आप अनिवार्य रूप से कह रहे हैं: «यह मेरा सबसे अच्छा अनुमान है।»
समाचारों में, रिपोर्टर कहते हैं: O suspeito estaria na casa। इसका मतलब है «संदिग्ध कथित तौर पर घर में था।» यह बिना सबूत के दावों से बचने के लिए है।

Formation Pattern

1
सिंपल कंडीशनल (स्थिति और समय के लिए)
2
इन्फिनिटिव लें और जोड़ें: -ia, -ias, -ia, -íamos, -iam।
3
ser -> seria (शायद था)
4
estar -> estaria (शायद था)
5
कंपाउंड कंडीशनल (पूरी हो चुकी क्रियाओं के लिए)
6
कंडीशनल में ter (teria) और पास्ट पार्टिसिपल का उपयोग करें।
7
teria feito (शायद किया होगा)
8
प्रश्न पूछना
9
Quem seria? (मुझे आश्चर्य है कि वह कौन था?)।

When To Use It

  • अतीत में समय का अनुमान लगाना: Seriam umas duas da manhã (शायद रात के 2 बजे होंगे)।
  • जोर से सोचना: Quem bateria na porta? (दरवाजा किसने खटखटाया होगा?)।
  • अफवाहें: Ele teria roubado dinheiro (कथित तौर पर उसने पैसे चुराए)।

Common Mistakes

अंग्रेजी अनुवाद must have को deve ter estado के रूप में उपयोग करने से बचें। estaria अधिक प्राकृतिक है। estava (एक तथ्य) और estaria (एक अनुमान) को न मिलाएं।

Contrast With Similar Patterns

ब्राज़ील में, लोग Será que का बहुत उपयोग करते हैं।
कंडीशनल: Ele teria esquecido?
Será que: Será que ele esqueceu?
दोनों का अर्थ एक ही है, लेकिन Será que अधिक अनौपचारिक है।

Quick FAQ

प्र: क्या लोग वास्तव में ऐसे बोलते हैं?
उ: बिल्कुल! विशेष रूप से समय का अनुमान लगाने के लिए।
प्र: क्या मैं इसका उपयोग वर्तमान के लिए कर सकता हूँ?
उ: नहीं, वर्तमान के लिए फ्यूचर टेंस (estará) का उपयोग करें।

Conditional Conjugation (Regular)

Person Falar Comer Partir
Eu
falaria
comeria
partiria
Tu
falarias
comerias
partirias
Ele/Ela
falaria
comeria
partiria
Nós
falaríamos
comeríamos
partiríamos
Vós
falaríeis
comeríeis
partiríeis
Eles/Elas
falariam
comeriam
partiriam

Meanings

The conditional of probability is used to express conjecture, doubt, or an educated guess regarding a past situation.

1

Past Conjecture

Guessing about an event that happened in the past.

“Quem teria feito isso?”

“Eles estariam em casa quando liguei?”

Reference Table

Reference table for अतीत का अनुमान: संभावना के लिए कंडीशनल का उपयोग (Futuro do Pretérito)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Verb + -ia
Ele estaria lá.
Negative
Não + Verb + -ia
Ele não estaria lá.
Question
Verb + -ia + Subject?
Estaria ele lá?
Compound
Teria + Participle
Ele teria ido.
Negative Compound
Não + Teria + Participle
Ele não teria ido.

औपचारिकता का स्तर

औपचारिक
Quem teria subtraído o bolo?

Quem teria subtraído o bolo? (Mystery/Casual)

तटस्थ
Quem teria pegado o bolo?

Quem teria pegado o bolo? (Mystery/Casual)

अनौपचारिक
Quem será que pegou o bolo?

Quem será que pegou o bolo? (Mystery/Casual)

बोलचाल
Quem teria levado o bolo?

Quem teria levado o bolo? (Mystery/Casual)

Conditional Usage

Conditional

Function

  • Conjecture Guessing

Time

  • Past Past events
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

Onde estaria o meu livro?

Where could my book be?

1

Quem teria ligado?

Who could have called?

1

Eles estariam viajando quando aconteceu.

They were probably traveling when it happened.

1

O que teria motivado essa decisão?

What could have motivated this decision?

1

Teria sido um erro de cálculo, segundo os especialistas.

It might have been a calculation error, according to experts.

1

Quem ousaria duvidar do que teria ocorrido naquela noite?

Who would dare doubt what might have happened that night?

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

Guessing the Past: Using the Conditional for Probability बनाम Future of the Past vs. Conditional of Probability

They share the same form.

Guessing the Past: Using the Conditional for Probability बनाम Conditional vs. Imperfect Indicative

Both refer to the past.

Guessing the Past: Using the Conditional for Probability बनाम Conditional vs. Subjunctive

Both express doubt.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

✗

Onde estava ele?

✓

Onde estaria ele?

Using indicative for a guess.
✗

Ele foi em casa.

✓

Ele teria ido em casa.

Missing the conditional aspect.
✗

Quem fez isso?

✓

Quem teria feito isso?

Direct question vs guess.
✗

Ele estaria lá ontem.

✓

Ele teria estado lá ontem.

Wrong tense for past.
✗

Eu pensava que ele estaria lá.

✓

Eu pensava que ele estaria lá (this is fine, but context matters).

Confusing future of the past with probability.
✗

Ele teria comer.

✓

Ele teria comido.

Infinitive instead of participle.
✗

Teria sido ele?

✓

Teria sido ele?

Actually correct, but often avoided.
✗

Eles estariam ido.

✓

Eles teriam ido.

Wrong auxiliary verb.
✗

O que teria acontecido?

✓

O que teria acontecido?

Correct, but often misused in sequence of tenses.
✗

Se ele teria vindo...

✓

Se ele tivesse vindo...

Conditional in 'if' clause.
✗

Ele teria feito isso, eu acho.

✓

Ele teria feito isso.

Redundancy.
✗

Eles estariam tendo feito.

✓

Eles teriam feito.

Over-complicating.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

Quem teria ___?

Onde estaria ___?

Eles teriam ___ quando ___.

O que teria motivado ___?

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Onde estaria você?

Journalism common

O suspeito teria fugido.

Job Interview occasional

O que teria feito diferente?

Social Media common

Quem teria postado isso?

Travel occasional

Onde teria ficado o hotel?

Food Delivery occasional

Onde teria parado o entregador?

सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
💡

Use for guessing

Whenever you are unsure about a past fact, use the conditional.
⚠️

Not for 'if'

Do not use the conditional in the 'if' clause.
🎯

Compound form

Use 'teria' + participle for past actions.
💬

Regional variation

In Brazil, 'será que' is a great alternative.

Smart Tips

Use the compound conditional (teria + participle).

Ele foi lá. → Ele teria ido lá.

Use the conditional instead of the past tense.

Onde foi ele? → Onde teria ido ele?

Use 'será que' if you forget the conditional.

Onde estaria ele? → Onde será que ele está?

Use the conditional to report unverified news.

O governo aumentou os impostos. → O governo teria aumentado os impostos.

उच्चारण

fa-la-RI-a

Stress

The stress is always on the 'i' in the conditional ending.

Rising

Estaria ele em casa? ↑

Indicates a genuine question/doubt.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of the 'ia' ending as 'I-guess-ia'.

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a detective with a magnifying glass looking at a footprint, saying 'Quem teria passado por aqui?'

Rhyme

Para o passado adivinhar, o -ia você deve usar.

Story

Maria arrives home and finds the door open. She wonders: 'Quem teria entrado? Estaria alguém lá dentro? O que teria levado?'

Word Web

teriaestariaseriafariapoderiadeveria

चैलेंज

Look at 3 objects in your room and guess who touched them last using the conditional.

सांस्कृतिक नोट्स

Brazilians often use 'será que' instead of the conditional for probability in informal speech.

The conditional is used more frequently in formal and written contexts.

Similar to Portugal, formal register prefers the conditional.

Derived from the Latin infinitive + habere (to have).

बातचीत की शुरुआत

“

O que teria acontecido se você não tivesse vindo?

“

Quem teria deixado isso aqui?

“

O que teria motivado essa mudança?

“

Onde teriam eles passado as férias?

डायरी विषय

Write about a mystery you once had. Use the conditional to guess what happened.
Imagine a historical event. What would have happened if it went differently?
Describe a lost item. Where could it have gone?
Speculate on why a friend didn't call you back.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

Incorrect

सही

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct conditional form.

Onde ___ (estar) a chave?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: estaria
It's a guess about the past.
Choose the correct sentence. बहुविकल्पी

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ele teria ido.
Teria + participle.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Se ele teria vindo, eu saberia.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Se ele viesse...
No conditional in 'if' clause.
Transform to conditional probability. Sentence Transformation

Onde ele foi? -> Onde ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: teria ido ele
Past conjecture.
Is this rule correct? True False Rule

Conditional is only for hypothetical situations.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It's also for probability.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Onde está o João? B: Não sei, ___ em casa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: estaria
Guessing.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

teria / quem / feito / isso

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quem teria feito isso?
Correct word order.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Guess / Fact
Conditional is for guessing.

Score: /8

अभ्यास प्रश्न

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with the correct conditional form.

Onde ___ (estar) a chave?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: estaria
It's a guess about the past.
Choose the correct sentence. बहुविकल्पी

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ele teria ido.
Teria + participle.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Se ele teria vindo, eu saberia.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Se ele viesse...
No conditional in 'if' clause.
Transform to conditional probability. Sentence Transformation

Onde ele foi? -> Onde ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: teria ido ele
Past conjecture.
Is this rule correct? True False Rule

Conditional is only for hypothetical situations.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It's also for probability.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Onde está o João? B: Não sei, ___ em casa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: estaria
Guessing.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

teria / quem / feito / isso

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quem teria feito isso?
Correct word order.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match: Onde estaria? / Onde estava?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Guess / Fact
Conditional is for guessing.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

12 exercises
Complete the sentence to form an educated guess about the past. खाली जगह भरो

Quem ___ a coragem de fazer uma coisa dessas? (ter)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: teria
Put the words in order to form a journalistic rumor. Sentence Reorder

Reorder the sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: O político teria escondido o dinheiro
Which phrase sounds most natural for guessing a past time? बहुविकल्पी

Select the best option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Seriam umas duas horas.
Translate the concept of 'must have been' using the conditional. अनुवाद

They didn't eat anything. They must have been nervous.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eles não comeram nada. Eles estariam nervosos.
Find the grammar mistake. Error Correction

Segundo as notícias, o avião tinha caído no mar.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Segundo as notícias, o avião teria caído no mar.
Complete the assumption. खाली जगह भरो

Você não atendeu o celular. ___ ocupado? (estar)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Estaria
Match the English intention with the Portuguese grammatical equivalent. Match Pairs

Match the meaning:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Fact: He was sick - Ele estava doente
Identify the sentence that expresses doubt. बहुविकल्पी

Which sentence means 'I wonder who it was?'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quem seria?
Build a sentence expressing disbelief. Sentence Reorder

Reorder the words:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ela estaria louca para fazer isso?
Make the sentence sound less certain. Error Correction

Onde ela estava ontem? (I wonder where she was yesterday?)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Onde ela estaria ontem?
Translate the sentence into journalistic Portuguese. अनुवाद

The company allegedly lost millions.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A empresa teria perdido milhões.
Choose the correct form to estimate an age. खाली जगह भरो

Era uma criança muito pequena. ___ uns quatro anos. (ter)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Teria

Score: /12

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)

No, this is specifically for past conjecture.

It's neutral, but can be formal depending on context.

You can! It's just a stylistic choice.

People will understand, but you might sound less precise.

Yes, all verbs can be used in the conditional.

Formally yes, but the function is different.

Just add 'não' before the verb.

Yes, it's very common in questions.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

अभ्यास करने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Condicional de probabilidad

None, very similar.

French high

Conditionnel

French uses it more for politeness.

German moderate

Konjunktiv II

German is more complex with modal verbs.

Japanese low

Darou/Deshou

No verb conjugation for this.

Arabic low

Kana + verb

Arabic is non-inflectional for this specific tense.

Chinese low

Keneng

Chinese has no verb conjugation.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
पुर्तगाली कंडीशनल: 'Would' काल (Futuro do Pretérito)

Learn These First

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