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B1 noun 9分で読める

angustia

例文 angustia 30秒で
解説 angustia in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'angustia' as a word for 'very, very sad' or 'very worried.' It is a strong feeling in your heart or stomach when something bad happens. For example, if you lose your favorite toy or cannot find your mom in a store, you might feel 'angustia.' Even though it is a B1 word, you can understand it as a big emotion. It is a feminine word, so we say 'la angustia.' You don't need to use it often yet, but when you see it in a story, remember it means someone is suffering a lot emotionally. It's like having a 'knot' in your throat because you are upset. At this level, just focus on the idea that it is a 'bad feeling' that is stronger than just being 'triste' (sad). You might hear it in simple cartoons or children's books when a character is in trouble. Remember: La angustia is a big, heavy feeling.
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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'angustia' to describe stress in specific situations. You might feel 'angustia' before a big test or when you are waiting for an important phone call. It is more than just 'estrés'; it is a feeling of being 'squeezed' by a problem. You can use it with the verb 'sentir' (to feel). For example: 'Siento angustia por el examen.' You can also use the adjective 'angustiado' to describe how you are feeling: 'Estoy angustiado.' This level is about connecting the word to real-life events like work, school, or family problems. You should notice that 'angustia' often has a physical side—it makes it hard to breathe or makes your heart beat fast. It is a useful word to tell a doctor or a friend how much a situation is affecting you. It's not just a small worry; it's a significant distress that you feel deeply.
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At the B1 level, you should understand 'angustia' as 'anguish' or 'acute distress.' This is the level where you distinguish it from 'ansiedad' (anxiety). While 'ansiedad' is often a general nervous feeling, 'angustia' is more visceral and often related to a specific cause or a deep emotional pain. You should be able to use it in sentences like 'La situación económica le causaba una gran angustia.' You are also learning to use it in the reflexive form 'angustiarse' (to get distressed). For example: 'No te angusties, todo saldrá bien.' At this stage, you are expected to understand the nuance of 'narrowness'—the feeling that a situation is closing in on you. It's a key word for expressing complex emotions in conversations about health, personal problems, or social issues. You will see it frequently in news reports about people in difficult situations or in literature where characters face moral dilemmas.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'angustia' in abstract and formal contexts. You can discuss 'angustia existencial' (existential dread) or 'angustia social.' You understand that the word carries a weight of 'constriction' and 'suffering.' You can use sophisticated collocations like 'aliviar la angustia' (to relieve the distress) or 'sumirse en la angustia' (to sink into anguish). At this level, you recognize that 'angustia' is a central concept in many Spanish-speaking cultures, often linked to themes of fate, family, and survival. You can compare it with synonyms like 'zozobra' or 'congoja' and choose the right one based on the context. Your ability to use 'angustia' correctly shows a high degree of emotional intelligence in Spanish. You can use it to describe the atmosphere of a book, the feeling of a historical period, or the psychological state of a person facing a life-changing decision.
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At the C1 level, you explore the philosophical and literary dimensions of 'angustia.' You are likely familiar with how authors like Unamuno or García Lorca use the word to describe the human condition. You understand the somatic vs. psychological distinction in clinical psychology and can discuss 'trastornos de angustia' (panic disorders) with precision. You can use the word in complex sentence structures and in highly formal writing. You recognize the subtle differences between 'angustia,' 'pavor,' and 'desasosiego.' You are also aware of regional variations in usage, such as the colloquial use of 'angustias' for nausea in certain parts of Spain. Your use of 'angustia' is precise, evocative, and culturally grounded. You can use it to analyze art, critique social policies, or provide deep psychological insights in professional settings. You understand that 'angustia' is not just a feeling, but often a thematic pillar in Hispanic intellectual history.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'angustia' in all its polysemic glory. You can navigate the most dense philosophical texts where 'angustia' is used to translate concepts like Heidegger's 'Angst' or Kierkegaard's 'Dread.' You understand the etymological journey from the Latin 'angustus' and how this 'narrowness' informs every metaphorical use of the word. You can use 'angustia' to express the most subtle shades of existential despair or the most intense physical manifestations of terror. Your vocabulary is rich with related terms like 'paroxismo de angustia' or 'angustia metafísica.' You can lecture on the role of 'angustia' in the development of modern Spanish thought or use it with perfect irony in a sophisticated social commentary. For you, 'angustia' is a versatile tool that allows you to tap into the deepest veins of the Spanish language's expressive power. You use it with the ease of a native speaker who has lived with the word's weight and beauty for a lifetime.
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例文

angustia 30秒で

  • Angustia is a noun representing deep emotional or physical distress, stronger than simple worry.
  • It comes from the Latin word for 'narrowness,' reflecting the physical feeling of chest tightness.
  • Commonly used with verbs like 'sentir' (to feel) and 'causar' (to cause).
  • In philosophy, it refers to existential dread; in medicine, it relates to panic symptoms.
The Spanish word angustia is a powerful noun that transcends simple sadness or worry. At its core, it refers to a state of deep psychological or physical distress, often characterized by a feeling of oppression or suffocation. Etymologically derived from the Latin angustia, meaning 'narrowness' or 'tightness,' the word perfectly captures the physical sensation of one's chest tightening or throat closing up during moments of extreme stress or grief. While English speakers might translate it as 'anguish,' 'distress,' or 'anxiety,' in Spanish, it carries a visceral weight that implies an existential or emotional bottleneck where the person feels trapped by their circumstances or internal state.
Emotional Depth
It describes a profound sense of unease that is more intense than mere 'preocupación' (worry). It is the feeling of being overwhelmed by the unknown or by a crushing reality.

Sentí una profunda angustia al no recibir noticias de mi familia tras el terremoto.

In clinical contexts, angustia is often distinguished from ansiedad. While 'ansiedad' (anxiety) is frequently associated with a state of nervous anticipation or cognitive worry, 'angustia' is more closely linked to the somatic, bodily experience of dread—that 'lump in the throat' or 'weight on the heart.' It is used in everyday conversation to describe the stress of waiting for medical results, the pain of a breakup, or the existential dread felt when contemplating one's future.
Somatic Manifestation
The term is frequently used to describe the physical symptoms of panic or extreme grief, such as difficulty breathing or a racing heart.

La angustia le impedía hablar con claridad durante la entrevista.

No hay mayor angustia que la de un padre que pierde a su hijo en la multitud.

Furthermore, the word is a staple in Spanish literature and philosophy. Thinkers like Miguel de Unamuno explored the 'sentimiento trágico de la vida,' which is deeply rooted in this concept of existential anguish. It isn't just a fleeting emotion; it can be a chronic state of being for those grappling with the big questions of life.
Existential Context
In philosophical discussions, it refers to the dread of freedom and the weight of responsibility in an uncertain world.

El filósofo describió la angustia como la base de la condición humana moderna.

La angustia existencial es un tema recurrente en las novelas del siglo XX.

Using angustia correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and the verbs that typically accompany it. The most common verb used with this noun is sentir (to feel). One says 'Siento angustia' or 'Tengo una angustia.' However, to describe the effect it has on a person, we often use causar (to cause) or producir (to produce).
Common Verb Pairings
Sentir (to feel), Padecer (to suffer from), Aliviar (to relieve), Provocar (to provoke).

La incertidumbre económica le genera una angustia constante.

When describing the intensity of the feeling, adjectives like profunda (deep), insoportable (unbearable), or vital (existential/vital) are frequently employed. For example, 'una angustia vital' refers to a deep-seated dread about one's life direction.
Adjective Modifiers
Inexplicable (inexplicable), Repentina (sudden), Aguda (acute), Crónica (chronic).

A pesar de su éxito, el artista vivía sumergido en una angustia existencial.

It is also important to note the preposition de when specifying the source of the distress. 'Angustia de muerte' is a common phrase meaning 'fear of death' or 'mortal agony.'

El paciente describió su síntoma como una angustia en el pecho que no lo dejaba dormir.

Para calmar la angustia, el médico le recomendó ejercicios de respiración profunda.

In more informal settings, people might use the verb angustiarse. For instance, 'No te angusties' means 'Don't get distressed' or 'Don't worry too much.' This reflexive verb form is very common in daily advice.
Reflexive Usage
Angustiarse (to become distressed). Example: 'Se angustia por cualquier cosa' (He gets distressed over anything).

Es normal sentir angustia antes de un examen tan importante como este.

La madre gritaba con angustia buscando a su pequeño en el parque.

You will encounter angustia in a variety of settings, ranging from the highly formal to the deeply personal. In clinical settings, doctors and psychologists use it to describe a specific type of suffering that has physical manifestations. If you visit a hospital in a Spanish-speaking country, you might hear a patient say, 'Siento una angustia aquí,' while pointing to their chest.
Medical Context
Used to describe the physical oppression associated with heart conditions or panic attacks.

El informe médico indicaba que el paciente sufría de angustia precordial.

In the news, angustia is the go-to word for reporting on humanitarian crises, natural disasters, or the plight of families waiting for news of missing loved ones. It conveys a sense of collective suffering that 'tristeza' (sadness) simply cannot reach.
Journalistic Context
Used to describe the state of a population during war, famine, or major social unrest.

Las imágenes de la guerra transmiten la angustia de los civiles atrapados en el conflicto.

In literature and cinema, especially in dramas or psychological thrillers, the word is used to build tension and explore the internal world of the characters. Spanish cinema, known for its emotional depth (think Pedro Almodóvar), often centers on themes of angustia.
Artistic Context
Central theme in Spanish Golden Age plays and modern existentialist poetry.

La película retrata con maestría la angustia de una mujer que busca su identidad.

En sus poemas, Neruda a menudo hablaba de la angustia del paso del tiempo.

Escuchar las noticias sobre el clima me produce una angustia que no puedo ignorar.

Finally, in religious or spiritual contexts, angustia refers to the 'dark night of the soul' or the suffering of the spirit when separated from the divine. This historical usage has left a lasting mark on how the word is perceived today—as something that affects the very core of a person's being.
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using angustia as a direct synonym for 'anxiety' in every situation. While 'ansiedad' is often more about the 'jitters' or general nervousness, 'angustia' is more about the 'heaviness' or 'pain' of a situation. If you say you have 'angustia' because you drank too much coffee, people might look at you strangely; for caffeine jitters, 'nerviosismo' is more appropriate.
Mistake: Overusing it for minor stress
Don't use 'angustia' for missing a bus or being slightly late. It sounds overly dramatic.

Incorrect: Tengo mucha angustia porque perdí mi bolígrafo.

Another common error is confusing the noun with the adjective angustiado. Remember that 'angustia' is the feeling itself, while 'angustiado' (or 'angustiada') is the state of the person. You *have* (tener) or *feel* (sentir) 'angustia', but you *are* (estar) 'angustiado'.
Grammar Slip: Ser vs. Estar
Always use 'estar' with 'angustiado' because it is a temporary emotional state. 'Estoy angustiado' (I am distressed).

Correct: Ella está angustiada por los resultados de los análisis.

No confundas la angustia profunda con el simple estrés del trabajo diario.

Learners also sometimes confuse 'angustia' with 'asco' (nausea/disgust) in certain dialects because 'angustias' (plural) can sometimes colloquially refer to a feeling of nausea in parts of Spain. However, in standard Latin American and Peninsular Spanish, the emotional meaning is the primary one.
Regional Nuance
In some rural areas, 'tener angustias' might mean feeling like you need to vomit. Be aware of the context!

Me dan angustias los viajes largos en autobús (Colloquial: I feel nauseous on long bus trips).

La angustia que siente es puramente emocional, no física.

Finally, ensure you don't misspell it. It has a 'u' after the 'g' and before the 's', and it is always a feminine noun. Misgendering nouns is a common hurdle for English speakers, so practice saying 'la angustia' repeatedly.
To truly master Spanish, you need to know where angustia fits in the spectrum of emotions. It is stronger than 'tristeza' (sadness) but more internal than 'dolor' (pain).
Comparison: Angustia vs. Ansiedad
Ansiedad is often more cognitive and future-oriented (worrying about what might happen). Angustia is more visceral and present (feeling the crushing weight of right now).

Mientras que la ansiedad lo mantenía despierto, la angustia lo hacía llorar en silencio.

Another close relative is congoja. This is a more poetic or old-fashioned word for deep sorrow that causes a feeling of oppression in the chest. It is almost a perfect synonym for 'angustia' but carries a slightly more melancholic tone.
Comparison: Angustia vs. Congoja
Congoja is often used in literature and refers specifically to the heartbreak or sorrow of loss.

La angustia del superviviente es un fenómeno psicológico bien documentado.

Then there is aflicción. This word is more general and refers to any state of suffering or distress, whether physical or mental. It is often used in formal or religious contexts.
Comparison: Angustia vs. Aflicción
Aflicción is more about the state of being afflicted by something external, whereas angustia is more about the internal sensation.

Su rostro reflejaba una angustia que las palabras no podían describir.

No confundas su silencio con paz; es una angustia que se lleva por dentro.

La angustia por el futuro es una característica de nuestra época.

Lastly, consider desesperación (despair). While 'angustia' is the pain itself, 'desesperación' is the loss of hope that often follows it. You might feel 'angustia' and still have hope, but once you reach 'desesperación,' the light at the end of the tunnel has gone out. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right emotional intensity.
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レベル別の例文

1

Siento mucha angustia hoy.

I feel a lot of anguish today.

Uses the verb 'sentir' with the noun.

2

La angustia es un sentimiento feo.

Anguish is an ugly feeling.

Feminine noun with the article 'la'.

3

Tengo angustia por el perro.

I have anguish for the dog.

Uses 'tener' to express an emotional state.

4

No llores, la angustia pasará.

Don't cry, the anguish will pass.

Future tense of 'pasar'.

5

El niño siente angustia en la oscuridad.

The boy feels anguish in the dark.

Simple present tense.

6

La angustia es grande.

The anguish is big.

Adjective agreement (feminine).

7

Ella tiene una angustia en el corazón.

She has an anguish in her heart.

Indefinite article 'una'.

8

La música triste me da angustia.

Sad music gives me anguish.

Uses 'dar' (to give) + noun.

1

Estoy angustiado por el trabajo.

I am distressed about work.

Uses 'estar' + adjective 'angustiado'.

2

La falta de dinero produce angustia.

The lack of money produces anguish.

Uses 'producir' (to produce).

3

Sentí angustia cuando perdí mis llaves.

I felt anguish when I lost my keys.

Preterite tense of 'sentir'.

4

No te angusties por cosas pequeñas.

Don't get distressed over small things.

Negative imperative of 'angustiarse'.

5

Mi madre siente angustia si no llamo.

My mother feels anguish if I don't call.

Conditional 'si' clause.

6

Es una angustia vivir así.

It is an anguish to live like this.

Infinitive as a subject.

7

La película me causó mucha angustia.

The movie caused me a lot of anguish.

Indirect object pronoun 'me'.

8

Él camina con angustia por la calle.

He walks with anguish through the street.

Prepositional phrase 'con angustia'.

1

La angustia le impedía respirar con normalidad.

The anguish prevented him from breathing normally.

Imperfect tense for ongoing state.

2

Hay una angustia colectiva por el futuro del país.

There is a collective anguish about the country's future.

Adjective 'colectiva' modifying 'angustia'.

3

Trato de calmar mi angustia con meditación.

I try to calm my anguish with meditation.

Possessive adjective 'mi'.

4

La noticia de su enfermedad nos llenó de angustia.

The news of his illness filled us with anguish.

Verb 'llenar' + 'de'.

5

No puedo ocultar la angustia que siento.

I cannot hide the anguish that I feel.

Relative clause 'que siento'.

6

La espera en el hospital fue una angustia eterna.

The wait in the hospital was an eternal anguish.

Metaphorical use of 'eterna'.

7

Sentía una angustia vital que no sabía explicar.

He felt a vital anguish that he didn't know how to explain.

Specific collocation 'angustia vital'.

8

Su voz temblaba de pura angustia.

His voice trembled from pure anguish.

Preposition 'de' indicating cause.

1

El existencialismo trata sobre la angustia del ser humano.

Existentialism deals with the anguish of the human being.

Abstract noun usage.

2

Afrontó la situación sin dejarse vencer por la angustia.

He faced the situation without letting himself be overcome by anguish.

Passive construction 'dejarse vencer'.

3

La incertidumbre laboral genera una angustia difícil de gestionar.

Job uncertainty generates an anguish difficult to manage.

Adjective phrase 'difícil de gestionar'.

4

Aquel silencio prolongado aumentaba su angustia.

That prolonged silence increased her anguish.

Demonstrative adjective 'aquel'.

5

Muchos jóvenes sufren angustia por el cambio climático.

Many young people suffer anguish because of climate change.

Verb 'sufrir' + noun.

6

La angustia se reflejaba en sus ojos cansados.

The anguish was reflected in his tired eyes.

Reflexive passive 'se reflejaba'.

7

Es fundamental buscar ayuda profesional ante cuadros de angustia.

It is fundamental to seek professional help for cases of anguish.

Formal phrase 'ante cuadros de'.

8

La obra de arte transmite una profunda angustia interior.

The artwork transmits a deep internal anguish.

Adjective 'interior'.

1

La angustia de Unamuno nace del deseo de inmortalidad.

Unamuno's anguish is born from the desire for immortality.

Genitive 'de' for authorship/possession.

2

El paciente presenta síntomas de angustia paroxística.

The patient presents symptoms of paroxysmal anguish.

Technical medical terminology.

3

La narrativa contemporánea explora la angustia de la alienación.

Contemporary narrative explores the anguish of alienation.

Academic register.

4

No debemos confundir la angustia con el mero desasosiego.

We must not confuse anguish with mere unease.

Infinitive used as a command/advice.

5

Su prosa está impregnada de una angustia casi palpable.

His prose is permeated with an almost palpable anguish.

Metaphorical adjective 'palpable'.

6

La angustia ante la nada es un pilar del pensamiento de Heidegger.

Anguish before nothingness is a pillar of Heidegger's thought.

Prepositional phrase 'ante la nada'.

7

El poema destila la angustia de un amor no correspondido.

The poem exudes the anguish of unrequited love.

Evocative verb 'destilar'.

8

La crisis migratoria es un retrato de la angustia humana global.

The migration crisis is a portrait of global human anguish.

Compound noun 'crisis migratoria'.

1

La angustia, en sentido kierkegaardiano, es el vértigo de la libertad.

Anguish, in the Kierkegaardian sense, is the vertigo of freedom.

Appositive phrase.

2

Se sumergió en una angustia solipsista de la que no pudo emerger.

He submerged himself in a solipsistic anguish from which he could not emerge.

Highly specialized adjective 'solipsista'.

3

La topografía de su angustia se delineaba en cada arruga de su rostro.

The topography of his anguish was outlined in every wrinkle of his face.

Metaphorical use of 'topografía'.

4

Es un error ontológico reducir la angustia a una simple patología.

It is an ontological error to reduce anguish to a simple pathology.

Philosophical terminology 'ontológico'.

5

La angustia es el precio que pagamos por nuestra autoconciencia.

Anguish is the price we pay for our self-awareness.

Relative clause with 'que'.

6

En el paroxismo de su angustia, encontró una extraña lucidez.

In the paroxysm of his anguish, he found a strange lucidity.

Noun 'paroxismo' (peak/climax).

7

La angustia se manifiesta como una ruptura en el tejido de lo cotidiano.

Anguish manifests as a rupture in the fabric of the everyday.

Metaphorical 'tejido de lo cotidiano'.

8

Su discurso fue una catarsis de la angustia acumulada durante décadas.

His speech was a catharsis of the anguish accumulated over decades.

Noun 'catarsis' used in a psychological sense.

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