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B1 adjective 11分で読める

externalizado

練習する例文メモとヒント externalizado 30秒で

解説 externalizado in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'externalizado' is a very advanced word that you probably won't use often. However, you can understand it by breaking it down. Think of the word 'extra' or 'exterior' (outside). If something is 'externalizado', it is 'outside' the company. For now, just remember that it is a business word for 'outsourced'. You might see it on a sign or in a simple job description. It's like saying 'hired from outside'. You don't need to worry about the complex grammar yet, just recognize that '-ado' at the end often makes a word an adjective, like 'tired' (cansado) or 'closed' (cerrado). In this case, it means 'outsourced'. If you work in an office, you might hear 'el café es externalizado', meaning a different company brings the coffee. It is a long word, but the 'ex-' prefix helps you know it relates to something 'out'. Keep it in your passive vocabulary for now, meaning you recognize it when you see it but don't feel pressure to use it in your first basic conversations.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more about work and daily routines. 'Externalizado' is a useful word if you want to talk about your job. In Spanish, we use adjectives to describe things, and they must match the noun. So, if you talk about 'un servicio' (a service), you say 'externalizado'. If you talk about 'una empresa' (a company), you say 'externalizada'. You might use this word to explain why you don't do a certain task at work: 'Yo no limpio la oficina, el servicio está externalizado'. This shows you are moving beyond very basic verbs and starting to use professional vocabulary. You can also use it with 'estar' to describe a state. 'La contabilidad está externalizada'. This is a great way to practice the difference between 'ser' and 'estar'. We use 'estar' here because it's a condition or a status of the service. It is a high-frequency word in business environments, so learning it now will help you if you ever work in a Spanish-speaking country.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to use 'externalizado' comfortably in professional contexts. This word is essential for discussing business processes, economics, and modern work life. At this level, you should understand that 'externalizado' is the past participle of the verb 'externalizar'. You should be able to use it in more complex sentences, such as 'Hemos decidido que el soporte técnico sea externalizado para ahorrar dinero'. You should also be aware of its synonyms like 'subcontratado' or 'tercerizado'. Knowing when to use 'externalizado' instead of 'subcontratado' shows a higher level of nuance; 'externalizado' is more common for services like IT or marketing, while 'subcontratado' is often for physical labor. You should also be comfortable using it in the plural: 'Los servicios externalizados son más eficientes'. This word will likely appear in B1 reading comprehensions about the economy or the future of work. It is a key term for expressing strategic decisions in a business setting.

At the B2 level, you are expected to have a firm grasp of professional and academic vocabulary. 'Externalizado' is a word you should use with precision. You should be able to debate the pros and cons of an 'externalizado' service versus an 'interno' one. For example, you might say, 'Aunque un servicio externalizado puede reducir costes, a veces se pierde el control sobre la calidad'. You should also be familiar with the noun form, 'externalización'. At this level, you can use the word to describe complex socio-economic trends, such as the 'externalización de servicios públicos' (outsourcing of public services). You should be able to use it in the passive voice fluently: 'Se ha externalizado la gestión de residuos'. You should also understand the regional differences, knowing that while 'externalizado' is standard in Spain, 'tercerizado' is very common in Latin America. Using the correct regional term shows a high level of cultural and linguistic competence. You can also use it to describe more abstract concepts in sociology or psychology if the context arises, though the business meaning remains primary.

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For C1 learners, 'externalizado' is a standard part of your lexicon. You should be able to use it in nuanced discussions about corporate strategy, legal frameworks, and global logistics. You might use it in a phrase like 'la progresiva externalización de las funciones no críticas', showing a mastery of both the adjective and the noun. At this level, you should be aware of the legal implications of something being 'externalizado', such as 'la responsabilidad subsidiaria' (subsidiary liability) in labor law. You can use it in highly formal writing, such as business reports or academic papers, without hesitation. You should also be able to distinguish it from 'deslocalizado' (offshored) and explain the difference: 'Una empresa puede tener su soporte externalizado localmente, o puede estar deslocalizado en otro país'. Your use of the word should be natural and integrated into complex grammatical structures, such as 'Si no se hubiera externalizado el servicio, los costes fijos habrían sido inasumibles'. This demonstrates a complete command of the word's meaning, register, and grammatical application.

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At the C2 level, 'externalizado' is a word you use with the same ease as a native speaker. You understand its subtle connotations in various sectors, from the privatization of state assets to the intricacies of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing). You can use it to critique economic models: 'La tendencia hacia un modelo de negocio altamente externalizado ha redefinido las relaciones laborales contemporáneas'. You are comfortable with all its derivatives and can use them in sophisticated rhetorical structures. You might also explore its less common uses in other fields, such as psychology (externalized behaviors) or philosophy, with full awareness of the shift in meaning. In a professional setting, you can lead negotiations or give presentations where 'externalizado' is used to describe strategic alliances and operational structures. You can also identify and use regional variations (like 'tercerizado') perfectly depending on your audience, showing a deep 'pan-hispanic' understanding of the language. Your mastery includes knowing the precise legal and economic contexts where 'externalizado' is the only appropriate term.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

externalizado 30秒で

Externalizado means outsourced. It refers to a service or business process handled by an outside company instead of being done in-house by employees.
This word is essential for professional Spanish. It describes a common business strategy used to save money, increase efficiency, or access specialized expertise.
As an adjective, it must agree with the noun it describes. Use 'externalizado' for masculine nouns and 'externalizada' for feminine nouns in the singular.
You will encounter this term frequently in corporate meetings, economic news, and administrative discussions throughout the Spanish-speaking world, especially in Spain.

The Spanish word externalizado is an adjective derived from the past participle of the verb externalizar. At its core, it describes a service, process, or function that a company or organization has decided to move from its internal operations to an outside provider. Imagine a large tech company that used to have its own cleaning staff but now hires a specialized maintenance firm to handle the task. In this scenario, the cleaning service is now externalizado. This concept is central to modern business strategy, often referred to in English as 'outsourced'.

Business Context: In the corporate world, being externalizado implies a strategic shift to focus on 'core competencies' while delegating secondary tasks to experts. This is common in IT, human resources, and logistics.

The word is particularly prevalent in economic discussions and professional environments. It carries a tone of formality and efficiency. When a manager says, 'El departamento de nóminas ha sido externalizado,' they are communicating a structural change aimed at cost-saving or specialization. It is important to note that while the word sounds like 'externalized' in English, which can sometimes mean making something internal (like feelings) manifest externally, in a Spanish business context, it almost exclusively refers to outsourcing.

Actualmente, el soporte técnico de nuestra empresa está completamente externalizado a una firma en México.

Nuance and Register: While 'subcontratado' is a near synonym, 'externalizado' sounds more modern and strategic. 'Subcontratado' often refers to labor or construction, whereas 'externalizado' is the preferred term for services and business processes.

In sociological terms, the word is also used to describe the delegation of civic or public services to private entities. If a city council decides that a private company will manage the public parks, the management is said to be externalizada. This often sparks debate about the quality of public versus private management. Thus, the word appears frequently in political manifestos and news reports regarding privatization and public spending efficiency.

Muchos procesos administrativos fueron externalizados para reducir costes operativos el año pasado.

Furthermore, the rise of the 'gig economy' has made this term even more relevant. Small startups often operate with almost all their non-core functions externalizado. From accounting to social media management, the reliance on third-party vendors is a hallmark of the 21st-century economy. When you use this word, you are signaling a familiarity with professional and economic terminology that is essential for B1 and B2 level proficiency.

La seguridad del edificio es un servicio externalizado que contratamos anualmente.

Global Variations: In some Latin American countries, you might hear 'tercerizado' instead of 'externalizado'. Both are widely understood, but 'externalizado' is very common in Spain and formal business literature.

¿Crees que un servicio externalizado puede mantener la misma calidad que uno interno?

El desarrollo de software ha sido externalizado a una consultora externa para acelerar el proyecto.

Using externalizado correctly requires an understanding of Spanish adjective agreement and the passive voice, as it often appears in 'ser + participle' or 'estar + participle' constructions. Because it ends in '-o', it must change to match the gender and number of the noun it describes. For instance, if you are talking about 'la gestión' (management, feminine), you must use 'externalizada'. If you are talking about 'los servicios' (services, masculine plural), you must use 'externalizados'.

Agreement Rules: 1. Masculine Singular: El trabajo externalizado. 2. Feminine Singular: La función externalizada. 3. Masculine Plural: Los procesos externalizados. 4. Feminine Plural: Las tareas externalizadas.

In most sentences, externalizado follows the noun it modifies. This is standard for Spanish adjectives that provide specific, distinguishing information. For example, 'un servicio externalizado' distinguishes it from 'un servicio interno' (an internal service). When used with the verb 'estar', it describes the current state of a service: 'El marketing está externalizado'. When used with 'ser', it often describes the action of being outsourced: 'El soporte fue externalizado el mes pasado'.

La empresa decidió que el mantenimiento sería externalizado a partir de enero.

Common Verb Pairings: The word frequently appears with verbs like 'mantener' (to keep), 'tener' (to have), and 'resultar' (to result in). Example: 'Mantienen el departamento legal externalizado'.

One interesting usage is in the context of psychology or philosophy, though much rarer, where 'externalizado' refers to something that has been projected outward. However, for a B1 learner, 99% of the time you encounter this word, it will be in a business or administrative context. It is a 'high-value' word for professional Spanish exams because it shows you can handle technical vocabulary related to the workplace.

¿Por qué prefieren tener el servicio de limpieza externalizado en lugar de contratar personal propio?

When constructing complex sentences, you can use 'externalizado' in relative clauses. 'Los servicios que han sido externalizados han mostrado una mejora en la eficiencia.' (The services that have been outsourced have shown an improvement in efficiency). This allows you to provide more detail about the noun while maintaining a professional tone. It is also common to see it in bullet points in reports or presentations under headings like 'Estado de los Servicios'.

A pesar de estar externalizado, el equipo de diseño trabaja muy cerca de nosotros.

Las nóminas están externalizadas con una gestoría local.

Preposition Usage: Often followed by 'a' (to) to indicate the recipient company: 'Externalizado a una empresa externa'. Or 'por' (by) to indicate the reason: 'Externalizado por motivos económicos'.

Cada proceso externalizado debe ser supervisado por un gerente interno.

You are most likely to encounter externalizado in professional spheres. If you work in an office in Madrid, Mexico City, or Buenos Aires, you will hear it in meetings discussing departmental budgets or restructuring. It is a staple of 'corporate-speak'. When companies talk about 'optimizing resources', they often mention which services are externalizados. It sounds cleaner and more professional than saying 'we hired someone else to do it'.

In the News: Economic newspapers like 'Expansión' (Spain) or 'El Economista' (Mexico) use this term daily to describe mergers, acquisitions, and industrial trends.

Another common place is in job advertisements or LinkedIn profiles. A company might describe itself as a provider of 'servicios externalizados de contabilidad'. Conversely, a job seeker might list their experience managing 'proyectos externalizados'. In these contexts, the word carries a weight of expertise and reliability. It implies a formal contractual relationship between two business entities.

En la radio, el analista comentó que el sector público está cada vez más externalizado.

Public Administration: Government debates often use this word when discussing the 'externalización' of healthcare, transport, or education services.

In casual conversation, you might hear it if a friend is complaining about their job. 'Mi empresa ha externalizado mi departamento y ahora no sé qué pasará con mi puesto'. Here, the word takes on a more personal, sometimes negative, connotation related to job security. However, even in casual settings, it remains a slightly formal choice compared to 'subcontratado'.

El servicio de atención al cliente está externalizado y a veces es difícil contactar con ellos.

Lastly, in the academic world, specifically in Business Administration (ADE) or Economics degrees, students study the 'proceso externalizado' as part of supply chain management. If you are reading a textbook on modern management, you will see this word frequently. It represents a specific logistical model that has transformed global trade over the last forty years.

¿Sabías que el catering de este hospital es un servicio externalizado?

Todo el sistema informático ha sido externalizado a la nube.

Cultural Note: In Spain, the 'externalización' of public services is a very hot political topic, often leading to protests or strikes by public workers.

El transporte escolar es un servicio externalizado por el ministerio.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing externalizado with 'exteriorizado'. While they look similar, 'exteriorizado' means to express or manifest something (like a feeling or an idea) outwardly. If you say 'Mi servicio está exteriorizado', people might think you are saying your service has 'come out' or expressed its feelings! Always use externalizado for outsourcing.

False Friend Alert: Externalizado (Outsourced) vs. Exteriorizado (Expressed/Manifested). Don't mix them up in professional reports!

Another error is failing to make the adjective agree with the noun. English speakers are used to adjectives being immutable (e.g., 'outsourced services', 'outsourced task' – 'outsourced' never changes). In Spanish, you must remember the gender: 'el servicio externalizado' but 'la tarea externalizada'. Forgetting this is a hallmark of an A2 learner; mastering it is essential for B1.

Error común: *Las tareas están externalizado. (Correcto: externalizadas).

Confusion with 'Extranjero': Sometimes learners think 'externalizado' means 'foreign'. While a service can be externalizado to a foreign country (offshoring), it can also be externalizado to a company in the same street (onshoring). It refers to the *entity*, not the *geography*.

Learners also sometimes use the word 'afuera' (outside) to try and say something is outsourced, e.g., '*El servicio es afuera*'. This is incorrect and sounds very unnatural. To express the professional concept of outsourcing, you must use the specific terminology: externalizado, subcontratado, or tercerizado.

Incorrecto: El servicio está en el extranjero (unless it's literally in another country). Correcto: El servicio está externalizado.

No confundas: externalizado (business) con externo (general outside/external).

Finally, ensure you don't confuse it with 'extendido' (extended). While they share a prefix, they have nothing to do with each other. 'Un servicio extendido' would mean a service that lasts longer or covers more area, not one that is provided by an outside party.

El departamento legal no está extendido, está externalizado.

Spelling Note: Note the 'x' and the 'z'. It follows the pattern of 'externo' + 'izar'. Avoid spelling it with an 's' (*externalisado).

When you want to describe outsourcing in Spanish, you have a few tools in your belt besides externalizado. Choosing the right one depends on the region and the specific industry. The most common alternative is subcontratado. This literally means 'subcontracted'. It is widely used in construction, labor-intensive industries, and manufacturing. If a builder hires a plumber, the plumber is subcontratado.

Comparison: Externalizado vs. Subcontratado: Externalizado is used for entire business functions (IT, HR). Subcontratado is used for specific tasks or individual workers under a larger contract.

Another very important term is tercerizado. This comes from 'tercero' (third) and 'tercerización' (outsourcing). In many Latin American countries, especially in the Southern Cone (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay) and Colombia, tercerizado is the most natural way to say 'outsourced'. It sounds slightly more technical and is frequently used in labor law contexts. If you are doing business in South America, 'tercerizado' might actually be a better choice than 'externalizado'.

En Argentina, es más común decir que el personal de limpieza está tercerizado.

The Word 'Externo': Sometimes you can simply use 'externo' (external). 'Un consultor externo' is an outside consultant. It is less specific about the process of outsourcing but conveys the same basic idea of being outside the organization.

You might also encounter deslocalizado. This is the Spanish equivalent of 'offshored'. While externalizado means the service is provided by someone else, deslocalizado means the service has been moved to a different geographic location (usually to save money on labor). A service can be both externalizado and deslocalizado at the same time, but they aren't the same thing.

La producción fue deslocalizada a Asia para reducir costes.

For a more informal or descriptive approach, you can use phrases like 'contratado a través de una agencia' (hired through an agency) or 'gestionado por terceros' (managed by third parties). These are useful if you forget the specific technical terms but still want to be understood. However, for professional writing, sticking to externalizado or tercerizado is recommended.

El mantenimiento es un servicio gestionado por terceros.

Prefieren el término externalizado porque suena más estratégico que subcontratado.

Summary of Alternatives: 1. Tercerizado (LatAm), 2. Subcontratado (Labor/Construction), 3. Externo (General), 4. Deslocalizado (Offshored).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word is a relatively modern addition to the Spanish language, gaining popularity in the late 20th century as global business practices evolved. It is considered a 'neologism' that has now been fully accepted by the RAE (Royal Spanish Academy).

発音ガイド

UK /eks.teɾ.nja.li.ˈθa.ðo/

US /eks.teɾ.nja.li.ˈsa.ðo/

The stress is on the penultimate syllable: 'za'.

韻が合う語

organizado complicado lado estado mercado resultado empleado pasado

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'x' like a soft 's'. It should be 'eks'.
Forgetting to tap the 'r'.
Misplacing the stress on the last syllable.
In Latin America, pronouncing the 'z' as 'th'.
In Spain, pronouncing the 'z' as 's'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize because of the English cognate 'external'.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling (x and z) and gender/number agreement.

スピーキング 4/5

Long word that requires clear pronunciation of all syllables.

リスニング 3/5

Distinctive sound, usually clear in business contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

externo empresa servicio trabajo contrato

次に学ぶ

externalización subcontratación proveedor licitación logística

上級

deslocalización insourcing economía de escala valor añadido

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

El servicio (m) externalizado (m) / La tarea (f) externalizada (f).

Passive Voice with Ser

El departamento fue externalizado por la directiva.

Past Participle as Adjective

Un proceso externalizado (functions like 'a broken window').

Estar for States

El soporte está externalizado (current condition).

Suffix -izar

Externo -> Externalizar -> Externalizado.

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レベル別の例文

El servicio de limpieza es externalizado.

The cleaning service is outsourced.

Simple subject + verb 'ser' + adjective.

Mi trabajo no es externalizado.

My job is not outsourced.

Negative sentence with 'no'.

Es un proceso externalizado.

It is an outsourced process.

Adjective follows the noun 'proceso'.

La empresa tiene un servicio externalizado.

The company has an outsourced service.

Using the verb 'tener'.

El soporte técnico está externalizado.

The technical support is outsourced.

Using 'estar' to show current state.

¿Es este servicio externalizado?

Is this service outsourced?

Simple question structure.

Ellos usan un equipo externalizado.

They use an outsourced team.

Plural noun 'equipo' (singular collective).

El café es un servicio externalizado.

The coffee is an outsourced service.

Simple definition style sentence.

La gestión de las nóminas está externalizada.

The payroll management is outsourced.

Feminine singular agreement: 'gestión' -> 'externalizada'.

Muchos servicios están externalizados en esta oficina.

Many services are outsourced in this office.

Masculine plural agreement: 'servicios' -> 'externalizados'.

Prefieren un modelo externalizado para ahorrar dinero.

They prefer an outsourced model to save money.

Adjective modifying 'modelo'.

La seguridad fue externalizada el año pasado.

The security was outsourced last year.

Passive voice with 'fue' (ser) + feminine agreement.

¿Por qué el marketing está externalizado?

Why is the marketing outsourced?

Question with 'estar' and 'por qué'.

Trabajamos con un equipo externalizado de diseñadores.

We work with an outsourced team of designers.

Prepositional phrase 'con un equipo'.

Esa tarea no puede ser externalizada.

That task cannot be outsourced.

Modal verb 'puede' + 'ser' + participle.

El mantenimiento externalizado funciona muy bien.

The outsourced maintenance works very well.

Subject + adjective + verb.

Si el soporte está externalizado, no podemos controlarlo directamente.

If the support is outsourced, we cannot control it directly.

Conditional 'si' clause.

Es fundamental que el proceso externalizado sea transparente.

It is fundamental that the outsourced process is transparent.

Subjunctive mood after 'es fundamental que'.

La empresa ha externalizado varios departamentos clave.

The company has outsourced several key departments.

Present perfect tense (verb form here, not adjective).

Un servicio externalizado suele ser más barato pero menos flexible.

An outsourced service is usually cheaper but less flexible.

Comparison using 'más... pero menos'.

Buscamos un proveedor para un proyecto externalizado de software.

We are looking for a supplier for an outsourced software project.

Adjective modifying 'proyecto'.

Las funciones externalizadas deben cumplir con la normativa.

The outsourced functions must comply with the regulations.

Plural agreement and 'deben' + infinitive.

A pesar de estar externalizado, el equipo se siente parte de la empresa.

Despite being outsourced, the team feels like part of the company.

Gerund 'estar' + adjective.

El éxito depende de cómo se gestione el servicio externalizado.

Success depends on how the outsourced service is managed.

Indirect question with 'cómo'.

La externalización de servicios ha sido un tema polémico en la junta.

The outsourcing of services has been a controversial topic in the board meeting.

Noun form 'externalización' related to the adjective.

Cualquier servicio externalizado requiere una supervisión constante.

Any outsourced service requires constant supervision.

Indefinite adjective 'cualquier' + noun + adjective.

Resulta difícil integrar un equipo externalizado en la cultura corporativa.

It proves difficult to integrate an outsourced team into the corporate culture.

Verb 'resultar' + adjective 'difícil'.

El departamento legal, aunque externalizado, responde directamente al CEO.

The legal department, although outsourced, reports directly to the CEO.

Concession clause with 'aunque'.

Se han externalizado las tareas de menor valor añadido.

Lower value-added tasks have been outsourced.

Passive 'se' construction.

Un modelo de negocio externalizado permite una mayor escalabilidad.

An outsourced business model allows for greater scalability.

Adjective modifying 'modelo de negocio'.

Es un error pensar que un servicio externalizado no necesita gestión.

It is a mistake to think that an outsourced service does not need management.

Complex sentence with 'que' clause.

Las empresas suelen mantener externalizados sus servicios de logística.

Companies usually keep their logistics services outsourced.

Verb 'mantener' + adjective in plural.

La dependencia de proveedores externalizados puede suponer un riesgo estratégico.

Dependence on outsourced suppliers can pose a strategic risk.

Noun 'dependencia' + preposition 'de'.

Se debate si el sistema sanitario debería estar tan externalizado.

It is debated whether the healthcare system should be so outsourced.

Passive voice 'se debate' + conditional 'debería'.

La calidad del servicio externalizado ha sido objeto de numerosas auditorías.

The quality of the outsourced service has been the subject of numerous audits.

Complex noun phrase 'objeto de numerosas auditorías'.

A menudo, lo que parece un ahorro inicial en un servicio externalizado se convierte en un sobrecoste.

Often, what seems like an initial saving in an outsourced service turns into an extra cost.

Relative pronoun 'lo que' + reflexive verb 'se convierte'.

El contrato especifica qué funciones permanecerán internas y cuáles serán externalizadas.

The contract specifies which functions will remain internal and which will be outsourced.

Future tense + 'ser' + participle.

La agilidad que aporta un equipo externalizado es innegable en entornos volátiles.

The agility that an outsourced team provides is undeniable in volatile environments.

Relative clause 'que aporta...'.

Muchos procesos de back-office han sido externalizados a centros de servicios compartidos.

Many back-office processes have been outsourced to shared service centers.

Passive voice 'han sido externalizados'.

Es imperativo evaluar la solvencia del proveedor antes de que el servicio sea externalizado.

It is imperative to evaluate the supplier's solvency before the service is outsourced.

Subjunctive after 'antes de que'.

La externalización de la soberanía tecnológica es un peligro para los estados modernos.

The outsourcing of technological sovereignty is a danger to modern states.

Noun form in a complex political context.

Se observa una tendencia hacia la re-internalización de servicios previamente externalizados.

A trend toward the re-insourcing of previously outsourced services is observed.

Prefix 're-' and adverb 'previamente'.

El entramado de servicios externalizados dificulta la trazabilidad de la responsabilidad legal.

The web of outsourced services makes the traceability of legal responsibility difficult.

Sophisticated vocabulary: 'entramado', 'trazabilidad'.

No podemos permitir que el núcleo duro de nuestra investigación sea externalizado.

We cannot allow the core of our research to be outsourced.

Subjunctive 'sea' and idiomatic 'núcleo duro'.

La precariedad laboral a menudo se asocia con sectores altamente externalizados.

Job insecurity is often associated with highly outsourced sectors.

Adverb 'altamente' + adjective.

La dialéctica entre lo interno y lo externalizado define la estrategia de la firma.

The dialectic between the internal and the outsourced defines the firm's strategy.

Neuter article 'lo' used to create abstract nouns.

Bajo un prisma neoliberal, cualquier servicio público es susceptible de ser externalizado.

Under a neoliberal prism, any public service is liable to be outsourced.

Prepositional phrase 'bajo un prisma' + 'susceptible de'.

La optimización de la cadena de suministro pasa por un modelo híbrido, ni totalmente interno ni totalmente externalizado.

Supply chain optimization involves a hybrid model, neither fully internal nor fully outsourced.

Correlative conjunctions 'ni... ni'.

類義語

subcontratado tercerizado externo delegado deslocalizado ajeno contratado privatizado

反対語

interno propio centralizado internalizado

よく使う組み合わせ

servicio externalizado

departamento externalizado

proceso externalizado

personal externalizado

totalmente externalizado

parcialmente externalizado

coste externalizado

gestión externalizada

soporte externalizado

modelo externalizado

よく使うフレーズ

tener algo externalizado

— To currently have a specific service handled by an outside provider.

Tenemos la contabilidad externalizada.

ser externalizado a

— To be outsourced to a specific entity or location.

El servicio fue externalizado a una empresa en la India.

mantener externalizado

— To continue using an outside provider for a service.

Decidieron mantener externalizado el transporte.

servicio de limpieza externalizado

— A very common phrase referring to outsourced janitorial services.

El edificio cuenta con un servicio de limpieza externalizado.

personal de seguridad externalizado

— Refers to security guards hired from a private firm.

Hay personal de seguridad externalizado en la entrada.

soporte técnico externalizado

— Technical help provided by a third-party call center or firm.

Llama al soporte técnico externalizado para resolver el problema.

gestión de nóminas externalizada

— When an outside accounting firm handles employee salaries.

La gestión de nóminas externalizada nos ahorra mucho tiempo.

proceso de producción externalizado

— Manufacturing steps handled by a different factory.

El proceso de producción externalizado es más rápido.

consultoría externalizada

— Consulting services provided by an outside expert.

Recibimos una consultoría externalizada sobre ciberseguridad.

mantenimiento de sistemas externalizado

— IT systems maintenance handled by a third party.

El mantenimiento de sistemas externalizado es vital para la red.

よく混同される語

externalizado vs exteriorizado

Means 'expressed' or 'manifested' (feelings). Do not use for outsourcing.

externalizado vs extranjero

Means 'foreign'. An outsourced service can be local, not necessarily foreign.

externalizado vs externo

General adjective for 'external'. 'Externalizado' specifically refers to the process of outsourcing.

慣用句と表現

"sacar fuera"

— A colloquial way to say 'to outsource'.

Han decidido sacar fuera el departamento de diseño.

informal

"lavarse las manos"

— Sometimes used figuratively when a company outsources to avoid responsibility.

La empresa se lava las manos diciendo que el servicio está externalizado.

informal/idiomatic

"poner en manos de terceros"

— To put something in the hands of third parties (outsource).

Pusieron la logística en manos de terceros.

neutral

"quitarse un muerto de encima"

— To get rid of a difficult task (sometimes by outsourcing it).

Se quitaron un muerto de encima al externalizar la atención al cliente.

slang/informal

"dar el salto a la externalización"

— To finally decide to start outsourcing services.

La pyme dio el salto a la externalización este año.

business

"tercerizar la culpa"

— To blame an outside provider for internal failures.

No intentes tercerizar la culpa; el error fue nuestro.

informal

"contratar fuera"

— To hire externally.

Es mejor contratar fuera que hacerlo nosotros.

neutral

"fuera de casa"

— Literally 'outside the house', but used in business to mean external.

Ese proceso se hace fuera de casa.

informal

"externalizar el corazón"

— A poetic/metaphorical way to say one is showing their feelings (rare).

Externalizó su corazón en esa carta.

literary

"mano de obra externa"

— External labor force.

Dependemos de mano de obra externa para la cosecha.

neutral

間違えやすい

externalizado vs exteriorizado

Similar spelling and prefix.

Externalizado is for business outsourcing; exteriorizado is for expressing internal emotions or thoughts.

Él ha exteriorizado su rabia (He expressed his anger).

externalizado vs subcontratado

Very close synonyms.

Externalizado is more modern/strategic; subcontratado is more common for physical labor or construction.

El fontanero está subcontratado por la constructora.

externalizado vs deslocalizado

Often happens at the same time as outsourcing.

Externalizado refers to *who* does the work (an outside company); deslocalizado refers to *where* (another country/city).

La fábrica está deslocalizada en Vietnam.

externalizado vs tercerizado

Exact synonym in different regions.

Externalizado is standard in Spain; tercerizado is standard in Latin America.

El servicio de limpieza está tercerizado (in Mexico).

externalizado vs externo

Root word.

Externo is a general state; externalizado is the result of a specific business action.

Es un disco duro externo (It is an external hard drive).

文型パターン

El/La [noun] está externalizado/a.

El servicio está externalizado.

Hemos decidido que el/la [noun] sea externalizado/a.

Hemos decidido que la limpieza sea externalizada.

Un [noun] externalizado es [adjective].

Un soporte externalizado es más barato.

A pesar de estar externalizado/a, [clause].

A pesar de estar externalizado, el equipo trabaja bien.

Se ha externalizado el/la [noun] para [verb].

Se ha externalizado el transporte para reducir gastos.

La tendencia hacia un modelo [noun] externalizado [verb].

La tendencia hacia un modelo productivo externalizado continúa.

Debido a que el servicio está externalizado, [clause].

Debido a que el servicio está externalizado, no podemos intervenir.

Lo [adjective] de un sistema externalizado radica en [noun].

Lo complejo de un sistema externalizado radica en la comunicación.

語族

名詞

externalización (outsourcing)

externo (external person/thing)

exterior (exterior)

動詞

externalizar (to outsource)

exteriorizar (to manifest/express)

形容詞

externo (external)

exterior (outer)

externalizable (able to be outsourced)

使い方

frequency

Common in business, news, and professional environments.

よくある間違い

El servicio es exteriorizado. → El servicio está externalizado.
Exteriorizado refers to expressing feelings. Externalizado is for outsourcing.
Las tareas están externalizado. → Las tareas están externalizadas.
Adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun (tareas = feminine plural).
El soporte está externalisado. → El soporte está externalizado.
In Spanish, the suffix for 'to make' is '-izar' with a 'z', not an 's'.
Es un servicio afuera. → Es un servicio externalizado.
'Afuera' is an adverb of place. You need an adjective like 'externalizado' to describe the service.
El departamento es externalizado. → El departamento está externalizado.
Use 'estar' to describe the current status of the department.

ヒント

Gender Agreement

Remember: La contabilidad es externalizada (feminine). El soporte es externalizado (masculine).

Regional Choice

If you are in Argentina or Chile, try using 'tercerizado' to sound more like a local.

Corporate Use

Use this word in your CV if you have experience managing outside vendors.

Watch the X

The 'x' is followed by 't'. It's 'ex-ter-na-li-za-do'. Don't drop the 'x'!

Business only

Don't use this for personal things. You don't 'outsource' your cooking at home (that's just ordering food).

News keywords

When you hear 'externalizado' in the news, look for words like 'costes', 'plantilla', or 'eficiencia'.

Email Tip

In an email, you can say 'Adjunto el informe del servicio externalizado'.

Flow

Connect the 'o' of 'servicio' with the 'e' of 'externalizado' for better flow: 'servicioexternalizado'.

The 'Ex' Factor

Ex-employees? No, Ex-ternalized! The work is still there, but the employees are 'ex' (outside).

Not 'Exterior'

An 'exterior' wall is a physical thing. An 'externalizado' service is a business concept.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'External' + 'ized'. If a service is 'externalizado', it has been made 'external' to the company. It's an 'externalized' job.

視覚的連想

Imagine a circle representing a company. An arrow takes a box (a task) from inside the circle and moves it to a smaller circle outside. That box is 'externalizado'.

Word Web

Empresa Contrato Proveedor Servicio Ahorro Eficiencia Terceros Fuera

チャレンジ

Try to identify three services in your daily life that are 'externalizados' (e.g., your delivery app, your office cleaning, your mobile network support).

語源

Derived from the Spanish verb 'externalizar', which was formed by adding the suffix '-izar' (to make/to do) to the adjective 'externo'. 'Externo' comes from the Latin 'externus' (outward, outside).

元の意味： Pertaining to the outside or coming from the outside.

Romance (Latin origin).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using this word with employees who might fear for their jobs; it can be a sensitive topic related to layoffs or cost-cutting.

In the US and UK, we simply say 'outsourced'. The Spanish 'externalizado' sounds more formal, like 'externalized', which we rarely use for business.

Used frequently in the Spanish business newspaper 'Expansión'. A common theme in the documentary 'The Corporation' (translated/discussed in Spanish circles). Debated in the Spanish Parliament (Congreso de los Diputados) regarding health services.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Business Strategy

modelo de negocio externalizado
externalizar funciones no críticas
ahorro mediante servicios externalizados
proveedor de servicios externalizados

Human Resources

personal externalizado
gestión de nóminas externalizada
contratación de equipos externalizados
formación para personal externalizado

Information Technology

soporte técnico externalizado
desarrollo de software externalizado
mantenimiento de servidores externalizado
seguridad informática externalizada

Public Administration

servicio público externalizado
externalización de la sanidad
gestión de transporte externalizada
limpieza viaria externalizada

Logistics

almacenamiento externalizado
distribución externalizada
transporte de mercancías externalizado
gestión de stock externalizada

会話のきっかけ

“¿Crees que un servicio externalizado es siempre más eficiente que uno interno?”

“¿En tu empresa tienen algún departamento que esté totalmente externalizado?”

“¿Cuáles son las ventajas de trabajar con un equipo externalizado de diseño?”

“¿Qué opinas sobre la externalización de los servicios de salud pública?”

“¿Has tenido alguna mala experiencia con un soporte técnico externalizado?”

日記のテーマ

Describe cómo cambiaría tu trabajo si tu departamento fuera externalizado mañana mismo.

Analiza los pros y los contras de tener un servicio de atención al cliente externalizado en una tienda online.

Escribe sobre una empresa famosa que base su éxito en un modelo de producción externalizado.

¿Cómo afecta el trabajo externalizado a la lealtad de los empleados hacia la empresa?

Imagina que eres el dueño de una startup. ¿Qué funciones mantendrías internas y cuáles estarían externalizadas?

よくある質問

10 問

Sí, es una palabra plenamente aceptada por la Real Academia Española (RAE). Proviene del verbo externalizar.

Aunque son similares, 'externalizado' se usa más para servicios intelectuales o departamentos enteros (IT, Marketing), mientras que 'subcontratado' se asocia más a la construcción y trabajos manuales.

En ambientes de negocios muy modernos se usa el anglicismo, pero 'externalizado' o 'tercerizado' son mucho más correctos y preferibles.

Se dice 'externalización' o 'tercerización'. Por ejemplo: 'La externalización de servicios'.

No. Puede ser una empresa en tu misma ciudad. Si se hace en otro país, se llama 'deslocalización' u 'offshoring'.

Se usa 'estar' porque describe el estado o condición actual de un servicio. 'El soporte está externalizado'.

Ambas son correctas. 'Externalizado a una empresa' (to a company) o 'Externalizado por motivos de ahorro' (for/by reasons of saving).

Sí, aunque en el Cono Sur y México es extremadamente común oír 'tercerizado' en su lugar.

Como 'servicios' es masculino plural, el adjetivo debe ser 'externalizados'.

Es neutral, pero en contextos laborales puede tener una connotación negativa si implica pérdida de empleos internos.

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