A1 Case System 1 min read 쉬움

The Genitive Case (Yiyəlik Hal): Possession and Relation

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The Genitive case shows ownership by adding a suffix to the owner and a possessive suffix to the object.

  • Add -ın/-in/-un/-ün to the owner noun (e.g., 'Mənim kitabım').
  • Add a possessive suffix to the owned object (e.g., -ım, -in, -ı, -u).
  • Vowel harmony is mandatory for both suffixes.
Owner + (n)ın/in/un/ün + Object + (s)ı/i/u/ü

Genitive Suffix Selection

Last Vowel Genitive Suffix Possessive Suffix (3rd Person) Example
a, ı
-ın
Qapı -> Qapının qapısı
e, ə
-in
-i
Ev -> Evin evi
o, u
-un
-u
Dost -> Dostun dostu
ö, ü
-ün
Gül -> Gülün gülü

Meanings

The Genitive case indicates a relationship of possession or belonging between two nouns.

1

Direct Possession

Indicates that something belongs to someone or something.

“Ananın çantası”

“Məktəbin qapısı”

2

Part-Whole Relationship

Indicates a part of a larger entity.

“Stulun ayağı”

“Kitabın səhifəsi”

3

Abstract Association

Indicates a conceptual link between two nouns.

“Həyatın mənası”

“Zamanın qədrini bilmək”

Reference Table

Reference table for The Genitive Case (Yiyəlik Hal): Possession and Relation
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Owner + Genitive + Object + Possessive
Əlinin kitabı
Negative
Owner + Genitive + Object + Possessive + deyil
Əlinin kitabı deyil
Question
Owner + Genitive + Object + Possessive + -mi?
Əlinin kitabıdırmı?
Plural
Owner + Genitive + Objects + Possessive
Əlinin kitabları
Pronoun
Mənim/Sənin/Onun + Object + Possessive
Mənim kitabım
Proper Noun
Name + -nin + Object + Possessive
Bakının havası

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Dostumun avtomobili

Dostumun avtomobili (General)

중립
Dostumun maşını

Dostumun maşını (General)

비격식체
Dostumun maşını

Dostumun maşını (General)

속어
Dostumun maşını

Dostumun maşını (General)

Genitive Case Relationship

Possession

Owner

  • Əli Ali

Suffix

  • -nin Genitive suffix

Object

  • kitab book

Possessive

  • Possessive suffix

수준별 예문

1

Əlinin kitabı

Ali's book

2

Mənim evim

My house

3

Qapının rəngi

The color of the door

4

Ananın çantası

Mother's bag

1

Sənin maşının haradadır?

Where is your car?

2

Onun dostunun evi böyükdür.

His friend's house is big.

3

Şəhərin mərkəzi çox gözəldir.

The city center is very beautiful.

4

Müəllimin qələmi masadadır.

The teacher's pen is on the table.

1

Həyatın mənası nədir?

What is the meaning of life?

2

İşin sirrini öyrənmək istəyirəm.

I want to learn the secret of the work.

3

Zamanın qədrini bilmək lazımdır.

One must know the value of time.

4

Bu, mənim qardaşımın kitabıdır.

This is my brother's book.

1

Şirkətin rəhbərliyinin qərarı qətidir.

The company management's decision is final.

2

Ölkənin iqtisadiyyatının inkişafı vacibdir.

The development of the country's economy is important.

3

Məqalənin müəllifinin fikri maraqlıdır.

The author's opinion of the article is interesting.

4

Onun dediklərinin hamısı doğrudur.

Everything he said is true.

1

Tarixin axışının dəyişməsi qaçılmazdır.

The change in the flow of history is inevitable.

2

İnsan ruhunun dərinliklərini anlamaq çətindir.

It is difficult to understand the depths of the human soul.

3

Qanunların tətbiqinin effektivliyi şübhəlidir.

The effectiveness of the laws' application is doubtful.

4

Düşüncələrimin mənbəyini tapa bilmirəm.

I cannot find the source of my thoughts.

1

Dilin strukturunun təkamülü maraqlı bir mövzudur.

The evolution of the language's structure is an interesting topic.

2

Həqiqətin özünün təbiəti mübahisəlidir.

The nature of truth itself is controversial.

3

Mədəniyyətin daşıyıcılarının rolu əvəzsizdir.

The role of the culture's carriers is irreplaceable.

4

İradənin gücünün hüdudları yoxdur.

The power of the will has no limits.

혼동하기 쉬운

The Genitive Case (Yiyəlik Hal): Possession and Relation Izafet Construction

Learners mix up the Genitive case with Izafet.

The Genitive Case (Yiyəlik Hal): Possession and Relation Nominative Case

Learners use Nominative instead of Genitive.

The Genitive Case (Yiyəlik Hal): Possession and Relation Dative Case

Learners confuse suffixes.

자주 하는 실수

Əli kitabı

Əlinin kitabı

Missing the genitive suffix on the owner.

Əlinin kitab

Əlinin kitabı

Missing the possessive suffix on the object.

Əli-nin kitab-ın

Əlinin kitabı

Incorrect suffix choice.

Qapı-nın rəng

Qapının rəngi

Missing possessive suffix.

Mənim ev

Mənim evim

Missing possessive suffix.

Sənin maşın

Sənin maşının

Missing possessive suffix.

Onun dost-un evi

Onun dostunun evi

Incorrect suffix chain.

Məktəb binası-nın

Məktəb binası

Overusing the genitive case in Izafet.

Həyatın məna

Həyatın mənası

Missing possessive suffix.

Zamanın qədr

Zamanın qədrini

Missing possessive suffix.

Tarixin axış-ın

Tarixin axışının

Missing possessive suffix.

İnsan ruh-un dərinlikləri

İnsan ruhunun dərinlikləri

Incorrect suffix.

Qanunların tətbiq-in

Qanunların tətbiqinin

Missing possessive suffix.

문장 패턴

___-nin ___ -ı

Mənim ___ -ım

___-nin ___ -ı böyükdür.

___-nin ___ -ı vacibdir.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Dostumun evi haradadır?

Social Media very common

Şəhərin mərkəzi çox gözəldir!

Job Interview common

Şirkətin məqsədi nədir?

Travel common

Otelin girişi haradadır?

Food Delivery occasional

Restoranın menyusu haradadır?

Academic Writing common

Məqalənin müəllifinin fikri.

💡

Vowel Harmony

Always check the last vowel of the word. It dictates the suffix.
⚠️

Double Suffix

Don't forget the second suffix! The object needs one too.
🎯

Proper Nouns

Use an apostrophe for proper nouns: Əli'nin.
💬

Politeness

Using the Genitive case correctly shows respect for the language.

Smart Tips

Always add an 'n' before the genitive suffix.

Qapı-ın Qapının

Check the object. It almost always needs a possessive suffix.

Əlinin kitab Əlinin kitabı

Use Izafet instead of the Genitive case.

Məktəbin binası Məktəb binası

Remember the specific possessive forms (mənim, sənin, onun).

Mən evim Mənim evim

발음

ın/in/un/ün

Vowel Harmony

The suffix vowel must match the last vowel of the root.

Statement

Əlinin kitabı. ↘

Falling intonation for a statement.

Question

Əlinin kitabıdırmı? ↗

Rising intonation for a question.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the Genitive as a 'bridge'. The owner needs a ticket (-ın) to cross, and the object needs a stamp (-ı) to be claimed.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person holding a key (the owner) and a box (the object). The key gets a tag, and the box gets a label.

Rhyme

Owner gets the 'in', object gets the 'i', now you have possession, easy as can be!

Story

Ali is the owner. He buys a book. He puts his name on the book. In Azerbaijani, he adds -nin to his name and -i to the book. Now the book is officially Ali's.

Word Web

MənimSəninOnunBizimSizinOnların

챌린지

Look around your room and name 5 things using the Genitive case (e.g., 'Masanın ayağı' - table's leg).

문화 노트

The Genitive case is used extensively in family relationships and formal titles.

Very similar to Turkish, but suffix variations exist.

Often influenced by Persian, but the core Genitive structure remains.

The Genitive case in Azerbaijani stems from Proto-Turkic possessive markers.

대화 시작하기

Bu kimin kitabıdır?

Şəhərin mərkəzi haradadır?

Həyatın mənası nədir?

Şirkətin rəhbərliyinin qərarı nədir?

일기 주제

Describe your family members' favorite things.
Write about your favorite place in your city.
Discuss the importance of time in your life.
Analyze a recent decision made by your company or school.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct genitive suffix.

Əli___ kitabı.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nin
Ali ends in 'i', so it takes 'nin'.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin kitabı
Both suffixes are required.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Mənim ev böyükdür.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mənim evim böyükdür
Possessive suffix is needed.
Transform to Genitive. Sentence Transformation

Ali + kitab

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin kitabı
Correct genitive and possessive suffixes.
Is this true? True False Rule

The Genitive case only needs one suffix.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It needs two suffixes.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Bu kimin maşınıdır? B: Bu ___ maşınıdır.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin
Genitive case is required for possession.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

kitabı / Əlinin / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu Əlinin kitabı
Correct word order.
Sort the suffixes. Grammar Sorting

Which suffix for 'qapı'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nın
Vowel harmony with 'ı'.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the correct genitive suffix.

Əli___ kitabı.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nin
Ali ends in 'i', so it takes 'nin'.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin kitabı
Both suffixes are required.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Mənim ev böyükdür.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mənim evim böyükdür
Possessive suffix is needed.
Transform to Genitive. Sentence Transformation

Ali + kitab

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin kitabı
Correct genitive and possessive suffixes.
Is this true? True False Rule

The Genitive case only needs one suffix.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It needs two suffixes.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Bu kimin maşınıdır? B: Bu ___ maşınıdır.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Əlinin
Genitive case is required for possession.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

kitabı / Əlinin / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu Əlinin kitabı
Correct word order.
Sort the suffixes. Grammar Sorting

Which suffix for 'qapı'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nın
Vowel harmony with 'ı'.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

One for the owner and one for the object. It's how Azerbaijani shows the link.

Yes, for standard possession.

Add an 'n' before the suffix.

Very similar, yes.

Mostly for possession and relationships.

Forgetting the second suffix.

Name things around you.

It's used in all registers.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

English low

's or of

Suffixes vs. separate words.

Spanish low

de

Preposition vs. suffix.

French low

de

Preposition vs. suffix.

German moderate

Genitive case

Article-based vs. suffix-based.

Japanese moderate

no

Particle vs. suffix.

Arabic moderate

Idafa

Construct state vs. suffix.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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