조건부 거래: 'Provided that' 및 'Providing that'
if 조건문보다 더 격식 있고 강력한 «조건»을 제시하고 싶을 때, provided that과 providing that을 활용해서 문장 레벨을 한 단계 «업그레이드»해 보세요!
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'provided that' to set a strict, deal-breaking condition that must be met for something else to happen.
- Use 'provided that' for formal, firm conditions: 'You can go, provided that you finish work.'
- Use 'providing that' more in speech; it feels slightly less rigid than 'provided'.
- Never use 'will' in the 'provided' clause; use the present tense instead.
Overview
if입니다. 하지만 비즈니스 계약서, 학술 논문, 혹은 공식적인 제안서에서 모든 조건을 if로만 표현한다면 문장이 다소 단조롭거나 전문성이 떨어져 보일 수 있습니다. 이때 우리가 선택할 수 있는 강력한 도구가 바로 provided that과 providing that입니다.provided that은 좀 더 법률적이고 공식적인 느낌을 주며, providing that은 그보다 아주 약간 더 부드러운 느낌을 주지만 여전히 격식 있는 표현에 속합니다. 이번 강의를 통해 이 세련된 조건문의 메커니즘을 완벽히 마스터해 봅시다.provided와 providing은 본래 동사 provide(제공하다)의 분사 형태에서 유래했습니다. 직역하자면 «~라는 사실이 제공된다면» 혹은 «~라는 조건을 제공하면서»라는 의미에서 시작하여, 현대 영어에서는 하나의 종속접속사(subordinating conjunction)처럼 굳어져 사용됩니다.if: 만약 ~라면 (일반적인 가정)provided that: ~라는 조건이 충족되어야만 (강한 전제와 제약)
that 절을 수반하여 완벽한 문장을 이끕니다. 이때 that은 생략이 가능하지만, C1 수준의 격식 있는 글쓰기에서는 명확성을 위해 생략하지 않는 것이 일반적입니다. 한국어의 어순은 조건절이 항상 앞에 오지만(조건 + 결과), 영어에서는 provided that 절이 문장의 앞이나 뒤 어디든 위치할 수 있다는 점도 기억하세요.provided that과 providing that을 사용할 때 가장 주의해야 할 점은 시제(Tense)입니다. 이는 한국인 학습자들이 가장 자주 실수하는 부분 중 하나이기도 합니다.Provided/Providing (that) + 주어 + 현재 시제, 주어 + 미래/조동사 + 동사원형 |provided/providing (that) + 주어 + 현재 시제 |provided that 절 내부에서는 현재 시제를 사용한다. 이는 if나 when 절에서 미래 대신 현재를 쓰는 것과 동일한 원리입니다.- 옳은 예:
We will sign the contract provided that the price remains the same.(가격이 그대로 유지된다는 조건 하에 계약하겠습니다.) - 틀린 예:
We will sign the contract provided that the price will remain the same.(X)
- 미래 결과 (will):
Provided that you finish the report by noon, you will be allowed to leave early.(정오까지 보고서를 끝낸다는 조건 하에, 조기 퇴근을 허락하겠습니다.) - 가능성/허가 (can/may):
You can borrow my car providing that you return it with a full tank.(기름을 가득 채워 온다는 조건 하에 내 차를 빌려줄 수 있어.) - 의무/권고 (must/should):
Students should pass the exam provided that they study consistently.(꾸준히 공부하기만 한다면 학생들은 시험에 합격할 것입니다.)
if를 대체하는 것이 아니라, 다음과 같은 구체적인 상황에서 그 진가를 발휘합니다.The company will provide a full refund, provided that the product is returned within 30 days.(제품이 30일 이내에 반품된다는 조건 하에, 회사는 전액 환불을 제공할 것입니다.)
You may apply for a scholarship, providing that your GPA is above 4.0.(GPA가 4.0 이상이라는 조건 하에 장학금을 신청할 수 있습니다.)
I am happy to lead the project, provided that I have full autonomy over the budget.(예산에 대한 전권을 갖는다는 조건 하에, 기꺼이 프로젝트를 이끌겠습니다.)
The software will function optimally, provided that the system has at least 16GB of RAM.(시스템 램이 최소 16GB라는 조건 하에 소프트웨어가 최적으로 작동할 것입니다.)
You can host the party in the lounge, providing that you clean up afterward.(나중에 청소를 한다는 조건 하에 라운지에서 파티를 열어도 좋습니다.)
will을 사용하는 실수 (Future Tense Overuse)내일 날씨가 좋을 것이라면처럼 미래 느낌을 주어 말하기 때문에, 영어에서도
provided that it will be sunny라고 쓰기 쉽습니다. 하지만 영어의 조건절에서는 현재 시제가 미래를 대신한다는 점을 명심하세요.- 잘못된 표현:
I will go provided that it will not rain. - 올바른 표현:
I will go provided that it does not rain.
provided that을 쓰는 것은 한국어로 비유하자면 «자네가 커피를 산다는 조건 하에 내가 동행하겠네»라고 말하는 것과 비슷합니다. 일상 대화에서는 if나 as long as가 훨씬 자연스럽습니다.- 부자연스러운 대화:
I'll meet you at the PC bang providing that you pay for the snacks. - 자연스러운 대화:
I'll meet you at the PC bang if you buy me snacks.
if와 혼용하여 중복 사용 (Redundancy)If provided that...이라고 두 접속사를 겹쳐 쓰는 경우가 있습니다. 하나만 선택해서 사용해야 합니다.- 잘못된 표현:
If provided that you have a receipt, you can get a refund. - 올바른 표현:
Provided that you have a receipt, you can get a refund.
that의 위치와 생략에 따른 혼동provided 뒤에 바로 주어+동사가 올 때, 이것이 과거 분사구문인지 접속사인지 헷갈려 하는 경우가 있습니다. 문맥상 '조건'을 나타낸다면 접속사로 이해해야 하며, 혼동을 피하기 위해 공식적인 글에서는 that을 써주는 것이 좋습니다.provided that보다 더 강하고 직접적인 '계약적 조건'. | ~라는 조건으로 |- 1
If you study, you'll pass.(공부하면 합격할 거야. - 일반적) - 2
As long as you study, you'll pass.(공부만 계속한다면 합격할 거야. - 지속성 강조) - 3
Provided that you study 8 hours a day, you'll pass.(하루 8시간 공부한다는 조건을 지킨다면 합격할 거야. - 구체적 전제)
provided that과 providing that 중 어느 것이 더 맞나요?provided that이 좀 더 문어체적이고 격식 있다고 보며, 실제로 법률 문서나 공식 계약서에서는 provided that이 훨씬 더 압도적으로 많이 쓰입니다. providing that은 약간 더 유연한 느낌을 줍니다.that은 언제 생략하나요?that을 생략하고 provided you...라고 자주 씁니다. 하지만 대학교 에세이, 공식 보고서, 계약서 등에서는 문장의 구조를 명확히 보여주기 위해 that을 포함하는 것이 정석입니다.provided that 뒤에 과거 시제가 올 수도 있나요?He was allowed to enter provided that he had been vaccinated. (그가 백신 접종을 완료했다는 조건 하에 입장이 허용되었다.) 처럼 과거의 상황을 설명할 때는 시제 일치 원칙에 따라 과거 시제를 씁니다.provided that은 똑같은가요?as long as에 더 가깝습니다. provided that은 단순히 상태가 지속되는 것이 아니라, 어떤 일이 일어나기 위한 '단 하나의 열쇠(Key condition)'를 강조할 때 더 적합합니다.Clause Structure with Provided That
| Main Clause (Result) | Conjunction | Subordinate Clause (Condition) | Tense Note |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I will go
|
provided (that)
|
you come too
|
Present Simple used for future
|
|
They can stay
|
providing (that)
|
they are quiet
|
Modal + Base form in main
|
|
The deal is off
|
provided (that)
|
payment is late
|
Present Simple in both
|
|
We would have come
|
provided (that)
|
we had known
|
Third conditional style
|
|
She'll sign
|
providing
|
the terms are fair
|
'That' is omitted
|
Meanings
A conditional conjunction used to introduce a condition that must be satisfied before the main clause can be realized. It implies a 'deal' or a restrictive requirement.
Contractual/Formal Requirement
Used in legal or professional contexts to stipulate mandatory terms of an agreement.
“The tenant may keep a pet, provided that a security deposit is paid in full.”
“Access is granted provided that users adhere to the privacy policy.”
Personal Reassurance/Permission
Used in spoken English to give permission or make a promise based on a specific behavior.
“I'll lend you the car, providing that you bring it back with a full tank.”
“We can eat outside, providing that it doesn't start raining.”
Hypothetical Restriction
Used to discuss future possibilities that are only possible under one specific circumstance.
“Provided that we leave now, we should arrive before the curtain rises.”
“The project will be a success, provided that everyone does their part.”
Reference Table
| 구문 | 의미 | 격식 정도 | 주요 사용처 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Provided that
|
조건으로; ~하는 경우에만
|
격식
|
계약서, 공식 합의, 강력한 조건
|
|
Providing that
|
조건으로; ~하는 경우에만
|
격식 (비슷하지만 조금 덜)
|
강력한 조건, 일반적인 상황 (구어체에서도)
|
|
If
|
만약 ~라면; ~라고 가정하면
|
중립
|
일반적인 가능성, 흔한 조건, 가설
|
|
As long as
|
~하는 한; ~라는 조건으로 (종종 기간)
|
비격식/중립
|
허용적인 조건, 기간, 덜 엄격함
|
|
Unless
|
~이 아니라면; ~인 경우를 제외하고
|
중립
|
예외, 부정적인 조건, 경고
|
|
Only if
|
~인 경우에만; 오직 ~라는 조건으로
|
중립/강조
|
단 하나의 결정적인 조건을 강조
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
You are permitted to operate the vehicle, provided that the fuel tank is replenished upon return. (Lending a car)
You can use the car, provided that you put some petrol in it. (Lending a car)
You can take the car, providing you fill it up. (Lending a car)
Car's yours, long as you gas it up. (Lending a car)
조건부 거래: Provided/Providing That
핵심 의미
- On the condition that
- Only if
- Stipulation
핵심 구문
- Provided that 더 격식적, 고정적
- Providing that 약간 덜 격식적, 능동적
대비되는 구문
- If 일반적인 가능성
- As long as 기간/허용적
- Unless 부정적인 조건
사용 맥락
- Contracts
- Agreements
- Formal rules
- Strong promises
'Provided that' vs. 'If' vs. 'As long as' 비교 차트
조건절 선택 흐름도
강력하고 협상 불가능한 조건 또는 단서를 명시해야 합니까?
조건이 더 일반적인가요, 아니면 가능성이나 가설인가요?
조건이 기간이나 덜 엄격한 합의를 암시합니까?
맥락별 조건
공식/법률
- • The contract is binding provided that...
- • Access is granted providing that...
학술/전문
- • You'll pass provided that you study.
- • The proposal is accepted providing that...
일상/비격식
- • We can go, provided you're ready.
- • I'll help, providing you clean up.
강조
- • Payment is due, provided that the service is rendered.
- • She'll win, providing that she avoids mistakes.
수준별 예문
You can go out, provided that you wear a coat.
You can go out if you wear a coat.
I will help, provided that you are kind.
I will help if you are kind.
We can play, provided that it is sunny.
We can play if it is sunny.
Eat the cake, provided that you share.
Eat the cake if you share.
I'll buy it, provided that it isn't too expensive.
I'll buy it on the condition it's not expensive.
You can stay, providing that you keep quiet.
You can stay if you are quiet.
Provided that he studies, he will pass the test.
If he studies, he will pass.
We'll have a picnic, providing that the weather is good.
We'll have a picnic if the weather is good.
The bank will lend us the money, provided that we have a guarantor.
The bank will lend money only if we have a guarantor.
You can take the day off, providing that you finish the report first.
You can have a holiday if the report is done.
Provided that everyone agrees, we shall move the meeting to Friday.
If everyone agrees, we'll change the date.
I don't mind you using my laptop, providing that you don't change the settings.
You can use my laptop if you don't touch the settings.
The warranty is valid, provided that the seal has not been broken.
The warranty works only if the seal is intact.
Providing that no further complications arise, she should be discharged tomorrow.
If there are no more problems, she can leave the hospital.
We can increase the budget, provided that you can justify the extra costs.
We'll give more money if you explain why.
The match will go ahead, provided that the pitch is not waterlogged.
The game happens if the field is dry enough.
The merger is likely to succeed, provided that the corporate cultures can be integrated effectively.
The merger will work if the cultures mix well.
Providing that the data is scrubbed of all personal identifiers, it can be used for research.
If the data is anonymous, it's okay for research.
The defendant may remain on bail, provided that he surrenders his passport to the court.
He stays out of jail if he gives up his passport.
Provided that the central bank maintains its current trajectory, inflation should stabilize by Q4.
If the bank continues its plan, inflation will drop.
The ontological argument holds water, provided that one accepts the initial premise of a necessary being.
The argument works if you accept the first idea.
Providing that the linguistic nuances are preserved in translation, the poem loses little of its original vigor.
If the translation is perfect, the poem stays strong.
The treaty remains in force, provided that neither signatory party commits a material breach of its terms.
The deal stays if no one breaks the rules.
Provided that the socio-political climate remains conducive to reform, the legislation will likely pass.
If the politics stay stable, the law will pass.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners think they both mean 'if'.
They are very similar in meaning.
자주 하는 실수
I go provided that you go.
I will go provided that you go.
I'll help you provided that you will help me.
I'll help you provided that you help me.
Provided that it rains, we will go to the beach.
If it rains, we won't go to the beach.
The project is finished provided that the boss was happy.
The project will be considered finished provided that the boss is happy.
문장 패턴
I will ___, provided that ___.
Real World Usage
The buyer shall pay the full amount, provided that the goods are delivered by Friday.
We can offer a higher salary, provided that you have the necessary certifications.
You can have dessert, providing that you eat your vegetables.
You may use this software for free, provided that it is for non-commercial use.
We'll reach the summit by noon, providing that the wind doesn't pick up.
The experiment is repeatable, provided that the temperature remains constant.
선택 사항인 'That'
provided you agree처럼요. 하지만 공식적인 문서에서는 명확성을 위해 'that'을 포함하는 것이 좋아요.'If'와는 다른 뉘앙스
미래 조건에는 현재 시제
맥락이 중요해요
위치와 쉼표!
Providing that you finish, we can leave처럼요. 문장 중간에 올 때는 쉼표가 필요 없어요.
Smart Tips
Always use 'provided that' with the 'that' included. It sounds more legally binding.
Use 'providing' instead of 'provided' and drop the 'that'.
Stop! Replace 'will' with the present simple immediately.
Ask yourself: Is this a deal? If yes, use 'provided that'.
발음
The 'that' reduction
In 'provided that', the word 'that' is usually unstressed and pronounced with a schwa /ðət/.
Conditional Rise-Fall
Provided that you're ready (rise), we can leave (fall).
The rise indicates the condition is being set, the fall indicates the result.
암기하기
기억법
Pro-vided = Pro-mise. You only get the result if the promise is kept.
시각적 연상
Imagine a bouncer at a club holding a clipboard. He only lets you in (the result) provided that your name is on the list (the condition).
Rhyme
Provided that the rules are clear, you have nothing left to fear.
Story
A king tells a knight, 'I will give you the gold, provided that you slay the dragon.' The knight slays the dragon, and only then does he get the gold. The 'provided that' was the contract between them.
Word Web
챌린지
Write three 'deals' you would make with a roommate or partner using 'provided that' (e.g., 'I'll cook, provided that you wash the dishes').
문화 노트
Very common in formal letters and legal contracts. British speakers often use 'providing' in speech more than Americans.
Used to sound 'tough' but fair in negotiations. It sets a clear boundary.
Used globally in research to limit the scope of a claim.
From the Latin 'providere' meaning 'to foresee' or 'to provide for'.
대화 시작하기
Would you move to another country, provided that you were offered a dream job?
Can you lend me $100, providing that I pay you back tomorrow?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
You can download the file ___ you create an account.
Choose the correct sentence:
Find and fix the mistake:
You may attend the conference as long as you pay the full registration fee.
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesI will lend you the money, provided that you ___ it back next week.
You can borrow my car, ___ that you fill it with petrol.
Find and fix the mistake:
Provided that he will arrive on time, we can start the meeting.
that / provided / stay / can / you / quiet / you / stay
1. Provided you have a ticket... 2. Provided it's sunny... 3. Provided you study...
Select the formal version of the condition.
We will go to the park ___ it rains.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe contract is valid, ___ both parties sign it.
I will buy that car providing that the dealer will drop the price.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Podemos ir al cine, siempre y cuando hayas terminado tu tarea.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the conditional phrases with their primary implication:
The software is free to use, ___ it is not used for commercial purposes.
Providing that she would arrive on time, we could start the presentation.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Te daré mi apoyo, siempre y cuando me digas la verdad.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the clauses:
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Yes, but it's less common. You would use the past perfect: 'I would have gone, provided that he had asked me.'
Mostly, yes, but it is more restrictive. It means 'if and only if'.
No, you can omit it in speech. 'Provided you are ready' is perfectly fine.
In writing, 'provided' is more common. In speech, 'providing' is very popular.
Yes! 'Provided that you pay, you can stay.' Just remember the comma.
It's perfect for business emails. it sounds professional and clear.
'As long as' is more casual and often refers to time. 'Provided that' is more formal and refers to a specific rule.
Yes. 'Provided that you do not smoke, you can stay here.'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
siempre que / con tal de que
English does not use a special subjunctive mood here.
pourvu que
The mood of the verb (indicative vs subjunctive).
vorausgesetzt, dass
Word order in the subordinate clause.
~to iu joken de
Japanese uses a noun-based 'condition' phrase.
bi-shart an
Very similar logic and usage.
zhǐyào... jiù...
Chinese uses a correlative pair; English uses a single conjunction.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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Related Grammar Rules
가정법 현재: Unless = If Not
### Overview 영어 문법에서 **`unless`**는 조건문, 특히 **First Conditional (1형 조건문)**에서 중요한 접속사 역할을 합니...
영 조건문: 습관 및 일상
### 개요 습관과 일상을 나타낼 때 사용되는 '영문법의 제로 컨디셔널(Zero Conditional)'은, 특정 조건이 반복적으로 충족될...
Can: 능력 표현하기 (Can)
Overview 백플립 할 수 있어? 아니면 그냥 괜찮은 사워도우 빵이라도 구울 수 있니? 어느 쪽이든, 넌 `can`을 사용하고 있는 거...
혼합 가정법: 과거의 행동, 현재의 결과 (Type 2)
### Overview Mixed Conditionals(혼합 조건문), 그중에서도 '과거의 행동이 현재의 결과에 영향을 미치는 경우(Type 2 Mixed C...
Suppose & Supposing: '만약 ~라면' 게임
### Overview 영어 학습이 B2 레벨, 즉 중상급 단계에 도달하면 단순히 의사를 전달하는 수준을 넘어, 상대방의 생각을 자극하...