이 페이지를 내 언어로
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 noun 10분 분량

piac

예시
설명 piac in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'piac' is one of the first nouns you learn for daily activities. You should focus on its primary meaning: a place where you buy food like 'alma' (apple), 'kenyér' (bread), or 'tojás' (egg). At this stage, you only need the most basic sentence structures. You should learn to say 'Megyek a piacra' (I am going to the market) and 'A piacon vagyok' (I am at the market). Understanding that 'piac' uses the -on/-ra/-ról suffixes instead of -ban/-be/-ból is the most important grammar point for a beginner. You will likely use this word when role-playing shopping scenarios or describing your weekend plans. It is a very concrete word at this level, tied to physical objects and locations you can see and touch. You don't need to worry about economic theories yet; just focus on getting your fresh vegetables!
At the A2 level, you begin to expand your use of 'piac' to include simple descriptions and compound words. You might start talking about different types of markets, such as the 'bolhapiac' (flea market) or a 'karácsonyi vásár' (Christmas market, though 'vásár' is the root here, it's often discussed in the same context). You can describe the market using basic adjectives: 'A piac nagy és olcsó' (The market is big and cheap). You should also be able to ask questions about the market, such as 'Mikor nyit a piac?' (When does the market open?) or 'Hol van a legközelebbi piac?' (Where is the nearest market?). At this level, you are becoming more comfortable with the superessive case and can use it in more complex sentences involving past and future tenses, like 'Tegnap a piacon voltam' (Yesterday I was at the market).
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the B1 level, the word 'piac' starts to take on more abstract meanings. You will encounter it in news stories about 'piaci árak' (market prices) or 'helyi piac' (local market). You should be able to discuss the advantages of shopping at a market versus a supermarket, using comparative structures: 'A piacon frissebb a zöldség, mint a boltban' (At the market, the vegetables are fresher than in the shop). You might also start using some common phrases, such as 'kimegy a piacra' (to go out to the market) to describe a habitual action. Your grammar should be solid enough to handle possessive forms, like 'a város piaca' (the city's market). You are now moving beyond just survival Hungarian and starting to use 'piac' to express opinions about quality, local sourcing, and community.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the B2 level, 'piac' becomes a key term for discussing social and economic issues. You will use it in contexts like 'munkaerőpiac' (labor market), 'ingatlanpiac' (real estate market), and 'verseny a piacon' (competition in the market). You should be able to follow and participate in a discussion about 'piacgazdaság' (market economy) or the impact of global trends on the 'hazai piac' (domestic market). Your vocabulary will include more sophisticated adjectives like 'telített piac' (saturated market) or 'feltörekvő piac' (emerging market). At this stage, you are expected to understand the nuances between 'piac', 'börze', and 'tőzsde'. You can write short essays or give presentations where 'piac' is used both as a physical location and an abstract economic concept.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the C1 level, you use 'piac' with the precision of a native speaker. You are familiar with idiomatic expressions and can use the word metaphorically. You understand the subtle cultural connotations—for instance, how 'piacozás' (market-going) implies a certain lifestyle choice. You can analyze complex texts about 'piaci mechanizmusok' (market mechanisms) or 'monopolhelyzet a piacon' (monopoly position in the market). You are comfortable with legal and technical terms like 'piacfelügyelet' (market surveillance) or 'piacbefolyásolás' (market manipulation). In conversation, you can use the word to discuss social sociology, such as the role of the market in sustaining rural communities. Your use of the word is no longer just about communication; it's about nuance, style, and professional accuracy.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'piac' in all its forms. You can appreciate the word's role in Hungarian literature and historical texts, where it might represent the heart of a community or a site of political change. You can engage in high-level academic or professional debates about 'szabadpiaci fundamentalizmus' (free-market fundamentalism) or 'piaci anomáliák' (market anomalies). You can switch effortlessly between the literal, the economic, and the metaphorical. You might use the word in creative writing to evoke the sensory details of a Hungarian morning—the smells, the sounds of the 'kofák' calling out, and the specific light in a 'vásárcsarnok'. At this level, the word is a flexible tool that you can use to express complex, abstract ideas with perfect grammatical and cultural accuracy.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
예시

The Hungarian word piac is a fundamental noun that every learner must master early on. Primarily, it refers to a physical location where vendors sell goods, typically fresh produce, meats, and artisanal products. In the Hungarian cultural consciousness, the piac is more than just a place to buy groceries; it is a social hub, a place of tradition, and a testament to the country's agricultural heritage. Whether you are visiting the iconic Nagyvásárcsarnok (Great Market Hall) in Budapest or a small village gathering on a Saturday morning, the word remains the same.

The Physical Space
In its most literal sense, it describes the stalls, the halls, and the open-air squares where trade happens. Hungarians take great pride in their local markets, often preferring them over supermarkets for the quality of 'házi' (homemade) products.
The Economic Concept
Beyond the physical stalls, the word extends to the abstract concept of 'the market' in economic terms. This includes the stock market (tőzsde), the labor market (munkaerőpiac), and the global market (világpiac).
Social Context
Going to the market is often a weekend ritual. It involves interaction with the 'kofa' (market vendor), bargaining (though less common now in big cities), and sampling seasonal delicacies like 'lángos' or 'savanyúság'.

Szombat reggel mindig kimegyünk a piacra friss zöldségért.

Translation: On Saturday morning, we always go out to the market for fresh vegetables.

Historically, the word entered Hungarian from Slavic languages (compare to Polish plac), which in turn derived from the Latin platea (courtyard, open space). This etymological journey highlights the market's role as a central public square. In modern usage, you will find it in compound words that describe specific types of commerce, such as bolhapiac (flea market) or feketepiac (black market).

Ez a termék már nincs kint a piacon.

Translation: This product is no longer out on the market (available for purchase).

The word 'piac' is versatile because it bridges the gap between the mundane act of buying carrots and the complex world of international finance. For a beginner, the most important thing is to remember that in Hungarian, you are usually 'on' the market (piacon) rather than 'in' it, reflecting the traditional open-air nature of these spaces. This linguistic nuance is a key marker of natural-sounding Hungarian.

Common Varieties
Helyi piac (local market), Bio piac (organic market), Nagybani piac (wholesale market).

A piaci árak folyamatosan változnak.

Translation: Market prices are constantly changing.

Using the word piac correctly requires an understanding of Hungarian noun cases, particularly those indicating location. Because a market is traditionally an open space, Hungarian uses the 'superessive' case endings (-on, -en, -ön) and their related directional forms (-ra, -re for 'to'; -ról, -ről for 'from').

Going TO the Market
We use the suffix -ra. Example: Megyek a piacra (I am going to the market). Even if the market is indoors (like a market hall), we still say 'piacra'.
Being AT the Market
We use the suffix -on. Example: A piacon vagyok (I am at the market). Using 'piacban' is a common mistake for learners but sounds very unnatural to natives.
Coming FROM the Market
We use the suffix -ról. Example: Most jövök a piacról (I am just coming from the market).

Vettem egy kiló almát a piacon.

Translation: I bought a kilo of apples at the market.

In business contexts, 'piac' often appears as an adjective: piaci. This is formed by adding the suffix -i. You will hear phrases like piaci rés (market gap/niche) or piaci érték (market value). When talking about abstract markets, the same rules apply. For example, a company might 'enter the market' (belép a piacra).

Ez a cég uralja a magyar piacot.

Translation: This company dominates the Hungarian market.

When describing the market, you might use adjectives like zsúfolt (crowded), drága (expensive), or hangulatos (atmospheric). In a sentence: A vasárnapi piac nagyon zsúfolt volt (The Sunday market was very crowded). Notice how the adjective precedes the noun, but if the noun has a case ending, the adjective remains in its base form unless it's part of a more complex structure.

Compound Words
Munkaerőpiac (labor market), Lakáspiac (housing market), használtautó-piac (used car market).

Melyik piacra érdemes elmenni Budapesten?

Translation: Which market is worth going to in Budapest?

The word piac is ubiquitous in Hungarian daily life. You will hear it in domestic settings, on the news, and in professional environments. Its frequency makes it a high-yield word for any learner. In a domestic setting, a spouse might ask: 'Voltál ma a piacon?' (Were you at the market today?). This usually implies a trip to buy fresh food for dinner.

On the Street
You will see signs for 'Piac' directing people to the local square. In larger cities, you'll hear people debating which market has the best 'savanyú káposzta' (sauerkraut) or 'kolbász' (sausage).
In the Media
News broadcasts frequently use 'piac' when discussing the economy. Phrases like piaci elemző (market analyst) or világpiaci olajár (world market oil price) are standard vocabulary for news anchors.
In the Workplace
If you work in business, you will hear about célpiac (target market) and piackutatás (market research). It is an essential term for anyone involved in sales or strategy.

A piac tíz órakor a legforgalmasabb.

Translation: The market is busiest at ten o'clock.

Socially, the 'piac' is often contrasted with the 'szupermarket'. There is a certain prestige or 'authenticity' associated with buying things at the market. You might hear someone say 'Ezt a piacon vettem, nem a boltban' (I bought this at the market, not in the shop) to emphasize that the item is fresh, local, or of higher quality.

Kimentünk a bolhapiacra régi könyveket keresni.

Translation: We went to the flea market to look for old books.

Finally, the word appears in many idiomatic expressions. For example, 'kiteszi a piacra' can literally mean putting something out for sale, but metaphorically it can mean making something public. Understanding these layers of meaning will help you transition from a basic learner to a more nuanced speaker.

Common Audio Cues
Listen for 'piaci áron' (at market price) in commercials or real estate listings.

A munkaerőpiac helyzete javul.

Translation: The situation of the labor market is improving.

Learning Hungarian involves navigating a complex system of suffixes, and piac is a common stumbling block for English speakers. The most frequent errors involve case selection and distinguishing 'piac' from similar words like 'bolt' or 'vásár'.

Mistake 1: Using the Inessive Case (-ban/-ben)
Learners often say 'a piacban vagyok' because they translate 'I am in the market' literally. In Hungarian, markets are conceived as surfaces/open areas. Correct: a piacon vagyok.
Mistake 2: Confusing 'Piac' and 'Bolt'
'Bolt' refers to a single shop (like a Spar or a boutique). 'Piac' refers to the whole marketplace with many vendors. Don't say 'Megyek a piacra tejet venni' if you are just going to the corner store.
Mistake 3: Mispronouncing the 'C'
English speakers often pronounce the 'c' as a 'k' (like 'piak') or an 's'. In Hungarian, 'c' is always 'ts'. It should sound like 'pee-ots'.

Rossz: A piacba megyek.
Jó: A piacra megyek.

Explanation: Always use the -ra suffix for 'to the market'.

Another nuance is the difference between piac and vásár. While both can mean 'market', vásár usually refers to a larger, less frequent fair or a specific trade show. Using vásár for your daily grocery run would sound archaic or overly dramatic.

Rossz: Ez egy jó vásár!
Jó: Ez egy jó piac!

Note: 'Vásár' can also mean 'a good deal/bargain', which adds to the confusion!

Lastly, be careful with plurals. The plural of piac is piacok. Some learners try to use the 'e-type' plural piacek because they misidentify the vowel harmony. Since 'i' is neutral but 'a' is back, the back-vowel 'o' must be used in the plural suffix.

Summary of Errors
Suffix errors (-ban instead of -on), vocabulary confusion (bolt vs. piac), and vowel harmony mistakes in plurals.

While piac is the most common word for a market, Hungarian offers several alternatives depending on the scale, the items sold, and the formality of the context. Understanding these will help you sound more like a native speaker.

Vásárcsarnok (Market Hall)
This refers specifically to an indoor market building. Budapest is famous for its vásárcsarnokok. While you can still call it a 'piac', 'vásárcsarnok' is more descriptive of the architecture.
Vásár (Fair/Trade Show)
A vásár is usually a larger event, often seasonal (like a Christmas fair - Karácsonyi vásár). It can also mean a 'bargain'.
Börze (Exchange/Specialized Market)
This word is used for specialized markets, like an autóbörze (car exchange) or ásványbörze (mineral fair). It implies a gathering of enthusiasts or specialists.
Tőzsde (Stock Market)
When talking about stocks and shares, use tőzsde. You wouldn't use 'piac' alone in this context, though you might say 'értékpapírpiac' (securities market).

Szeretem a karácsonyi vásárok hangulatát.

Translation: I love the atmosphere of Christmas fairs.

When comparing piac and bolt, the difference is scale and ownership. A bolt is one business. A piac is many vendors. If you say 'Megyek a boltba', people expect you to return with branded items. If you say 'Megyek a piacra', they expect fresh, unbranded, or local goods.

A budapesti vásárcsarnok gyönyörű épület.

Translation: The Budapest market hall is a beautiful building.

In a modern economic sense, you might hear szektor (sector) used as an alternative to piac. For example, 'az energetikai szektor' (the energy sector) is often interchangeable with 'az energiapiac'. However, 'piac' remains the more common, everyday term even in professional settings.

Comparison Table
  • Piac: General, grocery-focused, economic system.
  • Vásár: Large event, seasonal, bargain.
  • Börze: Specialist exchange.
  • Bolt: Single permanent shop.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

1

A piac nagyon nagy.

The market is very big.

Basic subject-adjective sentence.

2

Megyek a piacra.

I am going to the market.

Use of the -ra suffix for destination.

3

Hol van a piac?

Where is the market?

Simple question with 'hol'.

4

Szeretem a piacot.

I love the market.

Accusative case: piac + ot.

5

A piacon vagyok.

I am at the market.

Superessive case: piac + on.

6

Veszek almát a piacon.

I buy apples at the market.

Verb + Object + Location.

7

Ez a piac olcsó.

This market is cheap.

Demonstrative 'ez' + noun.

8

A piac szombaton nyitva van.

The market is open on Saturday.

Time expression + 'nyitva van'.

1

Melyik piacra mész ma?

Which market are you going to today?

Interrogative 'melyik' + destination.

2

A piacon sok friss zöldség van.

There are many fresh vegetables at the market.

Existential sentence with 'van'.

3

A piacról jövök.

I am coming from the market.

Ablative-direction suffix -ról.

4

Ez a bolhapiac nagyon érdekes.

This flea market is very interesting.

Compound word: bolha + piac.

5

Menjünk ki a piacra korán!

Let's go out to the market early!

Imperative/Subjunctive 'menjünk'.

6

A piac mögött van egy parkoló.

There is a parking lot behind the market.

Postposition 'mögött'.

7

Szeretek a piacon nézelődni.

I like to look around at the market.

Infinitive 'nézelődni' after 'szeretek'.

8

A piaci árak nem magasak.

The market prices are not high.

Adjectival form 'piaci'.

1

A helyi piac támogatja a gazdákat.

The local market supports the farmers.

Subject-Verb-Object structure.

2

Sokkal jobb a piacon vásárolni, mint a plázában.

It is much better to shop at the market than in the mall.

Comparative 'jobb... mint'.

3

A piac hangulata semmihez sem fogható.

The atmosphere of the market is like nothing else.

Possessive 'hangulata'.

4

Már mindenki kint van a piacon.

Everyone is already out at the market.

Use of 'kint' (outside/out) with 'piacon'.

5

A piacon vett tojás mindig sárgább.

Eggs bought at the market are always yellower.

Participle construction 'piacon vett'.

6

Érdemes korán kelni a piac miatt.

It's worth waking up early because of the market.

Causal postposition 'miatt'.

7

A piacot felújították a múlt évben.

The market was renovated last year.

Past tense, transitive verb.

8

Nem találtam parkolóhelyet a piac közelében.

I couldn't find a parking space near the market.

Possessive + postposition 'közelében'.

1

A globális piac befolyásolja a magyar árakat.

The global market influences Hungarian prices.

Abstract usage of 'piac'.

2

Az új termék hamarosan megjelenik a piacon.

The new product will soon appear on the market.

Future meaning with 'megjelenik'.

3

A munkaerőpiac folyamatosan változik.

The labor market is constantly changing.

Compound noun: munkaerő + piac.

4

Piackutatást kell végeznünk a döntés előtt.

We need to conduct market research before the decision.

Compound noun: piac + kutatás.

5

A cég piacvezető pozícióra tör.

The company is striving for a market-leading position.

Compound noun: piac + vezető.

6

A feketepiacon bármit meg lehet venni.

Anything can be bought on the black market.

Compound noun: fekete + piac.

7

A piaci verseny jót tesz a minőségnek.

Market competition is good for quality.

Dative case 'minőségnek'.

8

Kiszorították a kkv-kat a piacról.

SMEs were pushed out of the market.

Verb prefix 'ki-' with 'piacról'.

1

A piac láthatatlan keze rendezi a folyamatokat.

The invisible hand of the market organizes the processes.

Metaphorical/Economic terminology.

2

A túltelített piac miatt nehéz az érvényesülés.

Due to the oversaturated market, it is difficult to succeed.

Adjective 'túltelített'.

3

A piac liberalizációja heves vitákat váltott ki.

The liberalization of the market sparked heated debates.

Abstract noun 'liberalizációja'.

4

Ez a lépés alapjaiban rengette meg a piacot.

This move shook the market to its foundations.

Idiomatic expression 'alapjaiban renget meg'.

5

A piaci rések kiaknázása a siker kulcsa.

Exploiting market gaps is the key to success.

Gerund 'kiaknázása'.

6

A piac nem tolerálja a bizonytalanságot.

The market does not tolerate uncertainty.

Personification of 'piac'.

7

A kereslet és kínálat törvénye uralja a piacot.

The law of supply and demand rules the market.

Economic fixed phrase.

8

A piac szereplői óvatosan figyelik a híreket.

Market participants are carefully watching the news.

Possessive plural 'szereplői'.

1

A piac önszabályozó képessége gyakran megkérdőjeleződik.

The self-regulating capacity of the market is often questioned.

Passive-like meaning with '-dik'.

2

A globális piacok integrációja visszafordíthatatlan folyamat.

The integration of global markets is an irreversible process.

Complex noun phrase.

3

A piac farkastörvényei nem ismernek kegyelmet.

The wolf-laws (ruthless laws) of the market know no mercy.

Idiomatic 'farkastörvények'.

4

A piac telítettsége okán új stratégiára van szükség.

By reason of the market's saturation, a new strategy is needed.

Formal postposition 'okán'.

5

A piaci fundamentumok stabilnak tűnnek a válság ellenére.

Market fundamentals seem stable despite the crisis.

Technical term 'fundamentumok'.

6

A piac diktálta tempó sokakat felőrölt.

The pace dictated by the market wore many people out.

Participle 'diktálta' as an adjective.

7

A piac és az állam közötti egyensúly kényes kérdés.

The balance between the market and the state is a delicate issue.

Postposition 'közötti'.

8

A piac szeszélyei kiszámíthatatlanok a befektetők számára.

The whims of the market are unpredictable for investors.

Metaphorical 'szeszélyei'.

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

관련 콘텐츠

도움이 되었나요?

댓글 (0)

로그인하여 댓글 달기
아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째로 생각을 공유하세요!