A1 Verb Conjugation 6 min read 쉬움

칸나다어 주어-동사 일치: 동사를 인칭에 맞추기

In Kannada, the verb's ending acts as a mirror reflecting the subject's identity and level of respect.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Kannada verbs change their ending to match the person (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) and gender.

  • Use '-ene' for first person singular: 'Naanu hoguttene' (I go).
  • Use '-iri' for formal/plural 'you': 'Neevu hoguttiri' (You go).
  • Use '-ane' or '-ale' for masculine/feminine third person: 'Avanu hoguttane' (He goes).
Subject (Naanu/Neevu/Avanu) + Verb Root + Suffix = Correct Sentence

Overview

칸나다어 문장이 마치 고장 난 구글 번역기 결과처럼 들린 적이 있나요?...

Present Tense Conjugation

Subject Root Suffix Full Verb
Naanu
Hogu
-ttene
Hoguttene
Neevu
Hogu
-ttiri
Hoguttiri
Avanu
Hogu
-ttane
Hoguttane
Avalu
Hogu
-ttale
Hoguttale
Naavu
Hogu
-ttiddeve
Hoguttiddeve
Avaru
Hogu
-ttiddare
Hoguttiddare

Meanings

Subject-Verb Agreement in Kannada ensures that the verb suffix aligns with the grammatical person, number, and gender of the subject.

1

Personal Agreement

The verb changes to reflect who is performing the action.

“Naanu baruttene”

“Neevu baruttiri”

Reference Table

Reference table for 칸나다어 주어-동사 일치: 동사를 인칭에 맞추기
Pronoun Suffix Usage Context
Naanu
-eene
First person singular (I)
Naavu
-eeve
First person plural (We)
Neenu
-iiya
Second person singular (You - casual)
Neevu
-iiri
Second person formal or plural
Avanu
-aane
Third person singular (He - casual)
Avaḷu
-aaḷe
Third person singular (She - casual)
Avaru
-aare
Third person plural or formal (They/He/She)
Adu
-ade
Third person singular neuter (It)
Avu
-ave
Third person plural neuter (They - things)

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Naanu oota maduttene.

Naanu oota maduttene. (Dining)

중립
Naanu oota maduttene.

Naanu oota maduttene. (Dining)

비격식체
Naanu oota madtiddini.

Naanu oota madtiddini. (Dining)

속어
Oota madtiddini.

Oota madtiddini. (Dining)

The GNP Agreement Hub

Verb Root

Person

  • 1st (I/We) -eene/-eeve
  • 2nd (You) -iiya/-iiri

Gender

  • Masculine -aane
  • Feminine -aaḷe
  • Neuter -ade

Casual vs. Formal Agreement

Casual (Friends)
Neenu baruttiya You come
Avanu baruttaane He comes
Formal (Elders)
Neevu baruttiiri You (formal) come
Avaru baruttaare They/He/She (formal) come

Choosing the Right Suffix

1

Is the subject 'I' (Naanu)?

YES
Use -eene
NO
Go to next
2

Is it a person or an object?

YES
Check Gender/Number
NO ↓

The 'Third Person' Matrix

👦

Boy

  • • Avanu
  • • -aane
👧

Girl

  • • Avaḷu
  • • -aaḷe
👥

Group/Formal

  • • Avaru
  • • -aare
📦

Object

  • • Adu
  • • -ade

수준별 예문

1

Naanu baruttene.

I am coming.

2

Avanu hoguttane.

He is going.

3

Avalu oduttale.

She is reading.

4

Neevu bandiri.

You have come.

1

Naanu oota maduttene.

I am eating food.

2

Avanu kelasa maduttane.

He is working.

3

Avalu paatha oduttale.

She is reading a lesson.

4

Neevu elli hoguttiri?

Where are you going?

1

Naavu ella hoguttiddeve.

We are all going.

2

Avaru bandiddare.

They have arrived.

3

Neevu bere kade hoguttiri.

You are going elsewhere.

4

Avanu nanna jothe baruttane.

He is coming with me.

1

Avalu nanna mathannu keluttale.

She listens to my words.

2

Neevu idannu madabeku.

You must do this.

3

Avanu adannu noduttane.

He watches that.

4

Naanu idannu barediddene.

I have written this.

1

Avaru illi baruvudilla.

They will not come here.

2

Neevu bandiddare nanage khushi.

I am happy that you came.

3

Avanu kelsa mugisiddane.

He has finished the work.

4

Avalu nanna kade noduttale.

She looks towards me.

1

Avaru bandare nanage sahaya.

If they come, it is help for me.

2

Neevu mataduvudu nannage ishta.

I like your speaking.

3

Avanu hoguvudakke tayariddane.

He is ready to go.

4

Avalu baruvudilla endu helidalu.

She said she would not come.

혼동하기 쉬운

Kannada Subject-Verb Agreement: Matching Verbs to People 대 Nee vs Neevu

Learners mix up informal and formal 'you'.

자주 하는 실수

✗

Naanu hoguttane

✓

Naanu hoguttene

Used third person suffix for first person.
✗

Avalu hoguttane

✓

Avalu hoguttale

Used masculine suffix for feminine subject.
✗

Neevu hoguttane

✓

Neevu hoguttiri

Used third person suffix for second person.
✗

Avaru hoguttale

✓

Avaru hoguttare

Used singular feminine for plural honorific.

문장 패턴

Naanu ___ hoguttene.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Neevu bandira?

🎯

Drop the Pronoun

Because the verb suffix is so specific, you can often leave out 'Naanu' or 'Neenu'. Saying just 'Baruttene' is perfectly natural!
⚠️

Don't 'It' Your Friends

Avoid using 'Adu' (-ade) for people. It's only for animals and inanimate objects. Using it for a person can be very insulting.
💬

The Respect Multiplier

In Kannada culture, when in doubt, use the plural/formal form (-aare/-iiri). It's always better to be too polite than too casual.

Smart Tips

Always think of the subject first.

Hoguttene Naanu. → Naanu hoguttene.

발음

ho-gu-TTE-ne

Suffix stress

Stress the final syllable of the verb.

Question

Hoguttiriya? ↑

Rising intonation for questions.

암기하기

기억법

Remember 'E-I-A-A': Ene for me, Iri for you, Ane for he, Ale for she.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person wearing a hat (the suffix) that matches their outfit (the subject). If the hat doesn't match, the person looks silly!

Rhyme

For I use Ene, for You use Iri, for He use Ane, for She use Ale.

Story

Naanu (I) went to the store and said 'Ene'. The shopkeeper (Neevu) replied 'Iri'. A man (Avanu) walked by saying 'Ane', and a lady (Avalu) followed saying 'Ale'.

Word Web

NaanuNeevuAvanuAvaluHogutteneBaruttane

챌린지

Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using different subjects.

문화 노트

Using the 'Neevu' form is crucial for respect.

Dravidian roots.

대화 시작하기

“

Neevu elli hoguttiri?

일기 주제

Write about your day.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

Choose the correct verb ending for 'Naanu' (I).

Naanu haalu kudiyu____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -eene
The pronoun 'Naanu' always requires the '-eene' suffix in the present tense.
Fix the agreement error in this sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Avanu shaalege hoguttene.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avanu shaalege hoguttaane.
'Avanu' (He) is third person masculine singular, so it must end in '-aane'.
Translate 'She speaks' into Kannada. 번역

She speaks (Maataadu = to speak).

Answer starts with: Ava...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaḷu maataaduttaaḷe
'Avaḷu' is 'She', and the feminine singular suffix is '-aaḷe'.

Score: /3

연습 문제

1 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Naanu ___ (hogu).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hoguttene
Naanu requires -ene.

Score: /1

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Fill in the blank for 'Neevu' (You formal). 빈칸 채우기

Neevu elli iru____?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -iiri
Reorder the words to make a correct sentence. Sentence Reorder

hogutteeve / manege / naavu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Naavu manege hogutteeve
Which sentence is grammatically correct? 객관식

Pick the correct one:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaru kelasa maaduttaare.
Translate: 'They (animals) run.' (Odu = to run) 번역

They (neuter plural) run.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avu oduttave
Find the mistake: 'Neenu oota maaduttiiri.' Error Correction

Neenu oota maaduttiiri.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Neenu oota maaduttiya.
Match the pronoun to its suffix. Match Pairs

Match them:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
Complete the sentence: 'It (the bus) comes.' 빈칸 채우기

Bus-u bar____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -uttade
Translate 'We play' (Aadu = play). 번역

We play.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Naavu aadutteeve
Select the formal way to say 'He is coming' (referring to a teacher). 객관식

Teacher is coming:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaru baruttaare.
Put the words in order: 'You (casual) are singing.' Sentence Reorder

haaduttiya / neenu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Neenu haaduttiya

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (1)

To show who is doing the action.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Yo voy

Kannada encodes gender in the verb too.

French moderate

Je vais

Kannada is more agglutinative.

German moderate

Ich gehe

German has more complex case systems.

Japanese low

Watashi wa ikimasu

Kannada conjugates for person.

Arabic moderate

Ana adhhab

Arabic has dual forms.

Chinese none

Wo qu

Kannada is highly inflected.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Past Tense

Builds On

Follows similar conjugation logic.

Previous
칸나다어 현재 시제: 나는 ~한다, ~하고 있다 (-utt-)
Next
칸나다어 동사 어간: 문장의 '엔진'
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