A1 Verb Conjugation 6 min read Fácil

Concordância Sujeito-Verbo em Kannada: Combinando Verbos com Pessoas

In Kannada, the verb's ending acts as a mirror reflecting the subject's identity and level of respect.
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Pratique

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Kannada verbs change their ending to match the person (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) and gender.

  • Use '-ene' for first person singular: 'Naanu hoguttene' (I go).
  • Use '-iri' for formal/plural 'you': 'Neevu hoguttiri' (You go).
  • Use '-ane' or '-ale' for masculine/feminine third person: 'Avanu hoguttane' (He goes).
Subject (Naanu/Neevu/Avanu) + Verb Root + Suffix = Correct Sentence

Overview

Já sentiu que suas frases em Kannada parecem um resultado bugado do Google Tradutor?...

Present Tense Conjugation

Subject Root Suffix Full Verb
Naanu
Hogu
-ttene
Hoguttene
Neevu
Hogu
-ttiri
Hoguttiri
Avanu
Hogu
-ttane
Hoguttane
Avalu
Hogu
-ttale
Hoguttale
Naavu
Hogu
-ttiddeve
Hoguttiddeve
Avaru
Hogu
-ttiddare
Hoguttiddare

Meanings

Subject-Verb Agreement in Kannada ensures that the verb suffix aligns with the grammatical person, number, and gender of the subject.

1

Personal Agreement

The verb changes to reflect who is performing the action.

“Naanu baruttene”

“Neevu baruttiri”

Reference Table

Reference table for Concordância Sujeito-Verbo em Kannada: Combinando Verbos com Pessoas
Pronoun Suffix Usage Context
Naanu
-eene
First person singular (I)
Naavu
-eeve
First person plural (We)
Neenu
-iiya
Second person singular (You - casual)
Neevu
-iiri
Second person formal or plural
Avanu
-aane
Third person singular (He - casual)
Avaḷu
-aaḷe
Third person singular (She - casual)
Avaru
-aare
Third person plural or formal (They/He/She)
Adu
-ade
Third person singular neuter (It)
Avu
-ave
Third person plural neuter (They - things)

Espectro de formalidade

Formal
Naanu oota maduttene.

Naanu oota maduttene. (Dining)

Neutro
Naanu oota maduttene.

Naanu oota maduttene. (Dining)

Informal
Naanu oota madtiddini.

Naanu oota madtiddini. (Dining)

Gíria
Oota madtiddini.

Oota madtiddini. (Dining)

The GNP Agreement Hub

Verb Root

Person

  • 1st (I/We) -eene/-eeve
  • 2nd (You) -iiya/-iiri

Gender

  • Masculine -aane
  • Feminine -aaḷe
  • Neuter -ade

Casual vs. Formal Agreement

Casual (Friends)
Neenu baruttiya You come
Avanu baruttaane He comes
Formal (Elders)
Neevu baruttiiri You (formal) come
Avaru baruttaare They/He/She (formal) come

Choosing the Right Suffix

1

Is the subject 'I' (Naanu)?

YES
Use -eene
NO
Go to next
2

Is it a person or an object?

YES
Check Gender/Number
NO ↓

The 'Third Person' Matrix

👦

Boy

  • • Avanu
  • • -aane
👧

Girl

  • • Avaḷu
  • • -aaḷe
👥

Group/Formal

  • • Avaru
  • • -aare
📦

Object

  • • Adu
  • • -ade

Exemplos por nível

1

Naanu baruttene.

I am coming.

2

Avanu hoguttane.

He is going.

3

Avalu oduttale.

She is reading.

4

Neevu bandiri.

You have come.

1

Naanu oota maduttene.

I am eating food.

2

Avanu kelasa maduttane.

He is working.

3

Avalu paatha oduttale.

She is reading a lesson.

4

Neevu elli hoguttiri?

Where are you going?

1

Naavu ella hoguttiddeve.

We are all going.

2

Avaru bandiddare.

They have arrived.

3

Neevu bere kade hoguttiri.

You are going elsewhere.

4

Avanu nanna jothe baruttane.

He is coming with me.

1

Avalu nanna mathannu keluttale.

She listens to my words.

2

Neevu idannu madabeku.

You must do this.

3

Avanu adannu noduttane.

He watches that.

4

Naanu idannu barediddene.

I have written this.

1

Avaru illi baruvudilla.

They will not come here.

2

Neevu bandiddare nanage khushi.

I am happy that you came.

3

Avanu kelsa mugisiddane.

He has finished the work.

4

Avalu nanna kade noduttale.

She looks towards me.

1

Avaru bandare nanage sahaya.

If they come, it is help for me.

2

Neevu mataduvudu nannage ishta.

I like your speaking.

3

Avanu hoguvudakke tayariddane.

He is ready to go.

4

Avalu baruvudilla endu helidalu.

She said she would not come.

Fácil de confundir

Kannada Subject-Verb Agreement: Matching Verbs to People vs Nee vs Neevu

Learners mix up informal and formal 'you'.

Erros comuns

✗

Naanu hoguttane

✓

Naanu hoguttene

Used third person suffix for first person.
✗

Avalu hoguttane

✓

Avalu hoguttale

Used masculine suffix for feminine subject.
✗

Neevu hoguttane

✓

Neevu hoguttiri

Used third person suffix for second person.
✗

Avaru hoguttale

✓

Avaru hoguttare

Used singular feminine for plural honorific.

Padrões de frases

Naanu ___ hoguttene.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Neevu bandira?

🎯

Drop the Pronoun

Because the verb suffix is so specific, you can often leave out 'Naanu' or 'Neenu'. Saying just 'Baruttene' is perfectly natural!
⚠️

Don't 'It' Your Friends

Avoid using 'Adu' (-ade) for people. It's only for animals and inanimate objects. Using it for a person can be very insulting.
💬

The Respect Multiplier

In Kannada culture, when in doubt, use the plural/formal form (-aare/-iiri). It's always better to be too polite than too casual.

Smart Tips

Always think of the subject first.

Hoguttene Naanu. → Naanu hoguttene.

Pronúncia

ho-gu-TTE-ne

Suffix stress

Stress the final syllable of the verb.

Question

Hoguttiriya? ↑

Rising intonation for questions.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Remember 'E-I-A-A': Ene for me, Iri for you, Ane for he, Ale for she.

Associação visual

Imagine a person wearing a hat (the suffix) that matches their outfit (the subject). If the hat doesn't match, the person looks silly!

Rhyme

For I use Ene, for You use Iri, for He use Ane, for She use Ale.

Story

Naanu (I) went to the store and said 'Ene'. The shopkeeper (Neevu) replied 'Iri'. A man (Avanu) walked by saying 'Ane', and a lady (Avalu) followed saying 'Ale'.

Word Web

NaanuNeevuAvanuAvaluHogutteneBaruttane

Desafio

Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using different subjects.

Notas culturais

Using the 'Neevu' form is crucial for respect.

Dravidian roots.

Iniciadores de conversa

“

Neevu elli hoguttiri?

Temas para diário

Write about your day.

Erros comuns

Incorrect

Correto

Incorrect

Correto

Incorrect

Correto

Incorrect

Correto

Test Yourself

Choose the correct verb ending for 'Naanu' (I).

Naanu haalu kudiyu____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -eene
The pronoun 'Naanu' always requires the '-eene' suffix in the present tense.
Fix the agreement error in this sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Avanu shaalege hoguttene.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avanu shaalege hoguttaane.
'Avanu' (He) is third person masculine singular, so it must end in '-aane'.
Translate 'She speaks' into Kannada. Tradução

She speaks (Maataadu = to speak).

Answer starts with: Ava...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaḷu maataaduttaaḷe
'Avaḷu' is 'She', and the feminine singular suffix is '-aaḷe'.

Score: /3

Exercicios praticos

1 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Naanu ___ (hogu).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hoguttene
Naanu requires -ene.

Score: /1

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Fill in the blank for 'Neevu' (You formal). Preencher as lacunas

Neevu elli iru____?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -iiri
Reorder the words to make a correct sentence. Sentence Reorder

hogutteeve / manege / naavu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Naavu manege hogutteeve
Which sentence is grammatically correct? Múltipla escolha

Pick the correct one:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaru kelasa maaduttaare.
Translate: 'They (animals) run.' (Odu = to run) Tradução

They (neuter plural) run.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avu oduttave
Find the mistake: 'Neenu oota maaduttiiri.' Error Correction

Neenu oota maaduttiiri.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Neenu oota maaduttiya.
Match the pronoun to its suffix. Match Pairs

Match them:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
Complete the sentence: 'It (the bus) comes.' Preencher as lacunas

Bus-u bar____.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -uttade
Translate 'We play' (Aadu = play). Tradução

We play.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Naavu aadutteeve
Select the formal way to say 'He is coming' (referring to a teacher). Múltipla escolha

Teacher is coming:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Avaru baruttaare.
Put the words in order: 'You (casual) are singing.' Sentence Reorder

haaduttiya / neenu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Neenu haaduttiya

Score: /10

Perguntas frequentes (1)

To show who is doing the action.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Yo voy

Kannada encodes gender in the verb too.

French moderate

Je vais

Kannada is more agglutinative.

German moderate

Ich gehe

German has more complex case systems.

Japanese low

Watashi wa ikimasu

Kannada conjugates for person.

Arabic moderate

Ana adhhab

Arabic has dual forms.

Chinese none

Wo qu

Kannada is highly inflected.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Past Tense

Builds On

Follows similar conjugation logic.

Previous
Presente em Canarês: Eu faço, estou fazendo (-utt-)
Next
Radicais Verbais em Kannada: O 'Motor' da Frase
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