B2 Particles 1 min read Facile

Question Particle 'Ki' (কি)

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The particle 'ki' (কি) transforms any statement into a yes/no question without changing the sentence's original word order.

  • Use short 'ki' (কি) for yes/no questions, never for 'what' (কী).
  • Place 'ki' after the verb or the subject to change focus. Example: 'Tumi ki jabe?' (Will YOU go?)
  • Keep the statement's word order exactly the same; just add the particle and rising intonation.
[Statement] + কি (ki) + ⤴️ Intonation = Yes/No Question

Placement of 'Ki' in Sentences

Position Structure Example Nuance
After Subject
Subject + কি + Object + Verb
তুমি কি ভাত খাবে?
Neutral question
Before Verb
Subject + Object + কি + Verb
তুমি ভাত কি খাবে?
Focus on the action of eating
After Verb
Subject + Object + Verb + কি
তুমি ভাত খাবে কি?
Polite request or confirmation
Sentence Initial
কি, তুমি যাবে?
কি, তুমি যাবে?
Surprise or 'So, you're going?'

Related Particles & Contractions

Form Meaning Usage
নাকি (naki)
or / right?
Used for alternatives or tag questions
নাকি কি (naki ki)
is it that...?
Expressing strong doubt
কি না (ki na)
whether or not
Used in indirect speech

Meanings

The primary function of 'ki' is to act as a polar interrogative marker, signaling that the speaker is seeking a confirmation (yes) or denial (no) of the statement provided.

1

Standard Yes/No Question

Used to turn a declarative sentence into a question that can be answered with 'yes' or 'no'.

“সে কি এসেছে? (Se ki esheche? - Has he/she come?)”

“তুমি কি ক্লান্ত? (Tumi ki klanto? - Are you tired?)”

2

Emphasis/Focus Marker

When placed immediately after a specific word, it highlights that word as the core of the inquiry.

“তুমি কি যাবে? (Tumi ki jabe? - Will YOU go? / Is it you who is going?)”

“তুমি যাবে কি? (Tumi jabe ki? - Will you GO? - focusing on the action)”

3

Softening Requests

Used at the end of an imperative or suggestive sentence to make it sound less like a command and more like a polite inquiry.

“একটু সাহায্য করবে কি? (Ektu sahajyo korbe ki? - Would you help a bit?)”

“চলো যাই, কি বলো? (Cholo jai, ki bolo? - Let's go, what do you say?)”

4

Alternative/Disjunctive

Used in pairs (ki... ki...) to express 'whether... or...'.

“কি ধনী কি দরিদ্র, সবাই মরবে। (Ki dhoni ki doridro, sobai morbe. - Whether rich or poor, everyone will die.)”

“কি জল কি স্থল, সর্বত্রই সে আছে। (Ki jol ki sthol, sorbotroi se ache. - Whether in water or on land, he is everywhere.)”

5

Doubt/Skepticism

Used to express surprise or doubt about a statement just heard.

“তাই কি? (Tai ki? - Is it so? / Really?)”

“সে কি আদেও আসবে? (Se ki adeo ashbe? - Will he even come at all?)”

Reference Table

Reference table for Question Particle 'Ki' (কি)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Question
Subj + কি + Verb?
সে কি ঘুমায়?
Negative Question
Subj + কি + Verb + না?
সে কি ঘুমায় না?
Alternative Question
A + নাকি + B?
তুমি চা খাবে নাকি কফি?
Tag Question
Statement, তাই কি?
সে আসবে, তাই কি?
Rhetorical
আমি কি জানি?
আমি কি জানি? (How should I know?!)
Polite Request
Verb + কি?
শুনবেন কি?
Whether... or...
কি X কি Y
কি দিন কি রাত
Indirect Question
Verb + কি না
সে আসবে কি না জানি না।

Spectre de formalité

Formel
আপনি কি যাবেন?

আপনি কি যাবেন? (Asking about a trip)

Neutre
তুমি কি যাবে?

তুমি কি যাবে? (Asking about a trip)

Informel
তুই কি যাবি?

তুই কি যাবি? (Asking about a trip)

Argot
যাবি নাকি?

যাবি নাকি? (Asking about a trip)

The Many Faces of 'Ki'

কি (ki)

Yes/No

  • তুমি কি যাবে? Will you go?

Politeness

  • বলবেন কি? Would you tell me?

Doubt

  • তাই কি? Is it so?

Whether/Or

  • কি শীত কি গ্রীষ্ম Whether winter or summer

Ki (কি) vs. Kī (কী)

কি (Short i)
Yes/No Question Answer is Hyan/Na
কী (Long i)
Information Question Answer is a Noun

Choosing the Right 'Ki'

1

Is the answer Yes or No?

YES
Use কি (Short)
NO
Go to next step
2

Are you asking 'What'?

YES
Use কী (Long)
NO
Check for 'Whether/Or'

Common Phrases with 'Ki'

🏠

Daily Life

  • কি খবর? (What's up?)
  • খাবে কি? (Will you eat?)
🤔

Doubt

  • আদেও কি? (Will it even?)
  • হবে কি? (Will it happen?)

Exemples par niveau

1

তুমি কি খাবে?

Will you eat?

2

সে কি এখানে?

Is he here?

3

তুমি কি ভালো আছো?

Are you well?

4

এটা কি তোমার কলম?

Is this your pen?

1

আপনি কি চা খাবেন?

Will you (formal) drink tea?

2

আজ কি স্কুল খোলা?

Is the school open today?

3

তুমি কি কাল আসবে?

Will you come tomorrow?

4

সে কি গান গাইতে পারে?

Can he sing?

1

তুমি কি আমার ওপর রেগে আছো?

Are you angry with me?

2

সে কি এখনো কাজটা শেষ করেনি?

Has he not finished the work yet?

3

আপনারা কি আগে কখনো এখানে এসেছেন?

Have you ever been here before?

4

তুমি কি জানো ট্রেনটা কখন ছাড়বে?

Do you know when the train will leave?

1

আমি কি ভেতরে আসতে পারি?

May I come in?

2

তুমি কি সত্যিই মনে করো এটা সম্ভব?

Do you really think this is possible?

3

সে কি আদেও আমাদের সাহায্য করবে?

Will he help us at all?

4

কি আকাশ কি পাতাল, সে সব জায়গায় খুঁজেছে।

Whether in the sky or the underworld, he searched everywhere.

1

আমি কি একবারও বলেছি যে আমি যাব না?

Did I say even once that I won't go?

2

তার কি আর কাণ্ডজ্ঞান আছে?

Does he have any common sense left?

3

তুমি কি মনে করেছ আমি কিছু বুঝি না?

Do you think I don't understand anything?

4

সে কি আর আগের মতো আছে?

Is he like he used to be anymore?

1

কি জানি, সে হয়তো ভুলেই গেছে।

Who knows, maybe he just forgot.

2

তোমার কি মাথা খারাপ হয়েছে?

Have you lost your mind?

3

কিবা রাত্রি কিবা দিন, সে কেবল কাজই করে।

Be it night or day, he only works.

4

সে কি আর আসবে বলে মনে হয়?

Does it seem like he will come anymore?

Facile à confondre

Question Particle 'Ki' (কি) vs Ki (কি) vs Kī (কী)

They sound almost identical to the untrained ear. One is a particle, the other is a pronoun.

Question Particle 'Ki' (কি) vs Ki (কি) vs Naki (নাকি)

Learners often use 'ki' when they should use 'naki' for choices.

Question Particle 'Ki' (কি) vs Ki (কি) vs Ki na (কি না)

Confusing direct questions with indirect 'whether' clauses.

Erreurs courantes

কী তুমি যাবে?

তুমি কি যাবে?

Using long 'kī' (what) instead of short 'ki' (yes/no particle).

Do তুমি যাবে?

তুমি কি যাবে?

Trying to use English 'Do' support.

তুমি যাবে কি

তুমি কি যাবে? (with rising tone)

Forgetting the rising intonation at the end.

তুমি কি কোথায় যাবে?

তুমি কোথায় যাবে?

Using 'ki' with another question word like 'where'.

সে কি ভাত খায় না?

সে কি ভাত খায় না? (Correct, but often misplaced)

Misplacing 'ki' in a way that sounds unnatural.

তুমি কি আসবে নাকি?

তুমি কি আসবে, নাকি?

Incorrectly joining 'ki' and 'naki' in one breath.

আমি জানি না সে কি আসবে।

আমি জানি না সে আসবে কি না।

Using 'ki' instead of 'ki na' for 'whether or not' in indirect speech.

কি সে পাগল!

সে কি পাগল!

Using 'ki' at the start for a rhetorical question when it should be internal for that specific nuance.

Structures de phrases

তুমি কি ___?

সে কি ___ না?

আপনি কি মনে করেন যে ___?

কি ___ কি ___, সবাই ___।

Real World Usage

Texting a friend constant

যাবি কি? (Coming?)

Ordering food very common

ঝাল কি বেশি? (Is it very spicy?)

Job Interview common

আমি কি শুরু করতে পারি? (May I start?)

Asking for directions very common

এটা কি সঠিক রাস্তা? (Is this the right road?)

Social Media Poll occasional

আপনারা কি একমত? (Do you agree?)

Doctor's Appointment common

আপনার কি জ্বর আছে? (Do you have a fever?)

💡

The 'Yes/No' Test

If you can answer the question with a simple nod or shake of the head, use the short 'ki' (কি).
⚠️

Avoid 'What' Confusion

Never use the short 'ki' when you want to know 'what' something is. That requires the long 'kī' (কী).
🎯

Polite Ending

If you want to sound extra polite when asking a favor, put 'ki' at the very end of the sentence with a soft tone.
💬

Intonation is Key

Even if you forget the word 'ki', a strong rising intonation at the end of a statement will still be understood as a question in casual Bengali.

Smart Tips

Try to answer the question in your head. If the answer is 'Yes', use the short 'ki'.

Tumi kī jabe? (What will you go?) Tumi ki jabe? (Will you go?)

Move 'ki' to the end of the sentence and lower your volume slightly.

Tumi ki amake sahajyo korbe? (Neutral) Amake sahajyo korbe ki? (Polite/Soft)

Place 'ki' before the verb and 'na' after the verb for the most natural flow.

Se ki na ashbe? Se কি আসবে না? (Se ki ashbe na?)

Don't translate them as questions; translate them as 'whether... or...'.

Is it hot? Is it cold? Whether hot or cold...

Prononciation

/ki/

Short Vowel

The 'i' in 'ki' is very short, like the 'i' in 'bit'.

⤴️ at the end

Rising Intonation

The pitch of your voice should rise significantly on the last word of the sentence, not necessarily on 'ki' itself.

Standard Question

Tumi ki jabe? ⤴️

Neutral inquiry

Surprise

Se ki! ⤴️⤵️

Shock or disbelief

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Short 'ki' is for a short answer (Yes/No). Long 'kī' is for a long answer (Information).

Association visuelle

Imagine a small key (ki) that only opens two doors: 'Yes' and 'No'. Imagine a large key (kī) that opens a treasure chest full of 'What' is inside.

Rhyme

Short 'ki' for yes or no, Long 'kī' for what you know!

Story

A traveler arrives at a gate. The guard asks 'Tumi ki jabe?' (Will you go?). The traveler says 'Hyan' (Yes). Then the guard asks 'Tumi kī khabe?' (What will you eat?). The traveler has to give a long list of food. The short question got a short answer; the long question got a long answer.

Word Web

কি (ki)কী (kī)নাকি (naki)কি না (ki na)তাই কি (tai ki)কি জানি (ki jani)

Défi

Go through your last 5 text messages and try to turn each statement into a yes/no question using 'ki'.

Notes culturelles

In Kolkata, 'ki' is often used very crisply. Tag questions with 'tai na?' are more common than just 'ki' at the end.

In many parts of Bangladesh, 'ki' might be replaced by 'ni' in informal speech, especially in the Sylheti or Chittagonian dialects.

In older 'Sadhu Bhasha' literature, 'ki' is often used in the 'ki... ki...' construction to show poetic balance.

Derived from the Sanskrit interrogative pronoun 'kim' (किम्).

Amorces de conversation

আপনি কি কফি পছন্দ করেন?

তুমি কি কখনো পাহাড় দেখেছো?

আজ কি বৃষ্টি হওয়ার সম্ভাবনা আছে?

আমাদের কি পরিবেশ নিয়ে আরও সচেতন হওয়া উচিত?

Sujets d'écriture

Write about your morning routine using at least 5 yes/no questions you ask yourself.
Imagine you are interviewing a famous person. Write 10 questions using 'ki'.
Discuss whether technology is a blessing or a curse using 'ki... ki...' structures.
Write a dialogue where two people are arguing, using rhetorical 'ki' questions to show emotion.

Erreurs courantes

Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct

Test Yourself

Choose the correct form of 'ki' for the question: 'Will you eat rice?' Choix multiple

তুমি ___ ভাত খাবে?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি
This is a yes/no question, so the short particle 'ki' is required.
Correct the mistake in this sentence: 'Tumi kī bhalo acho?' Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

তুমি কী ভালো আছো?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: তুমি কি ভালো আছো?
The long 'kī' means 'what'. For 'Are you well?', use the short 'ki'.
Fill in the blank to make a polite request: 'Will you listen?'

শুনবেন ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি
Placing 'ki' at the end makes the request softer and more polite.
Turn this statement into a question: 'Se ashbe.' (He will come.) Sentence Transformation

সে আসবে।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: সে কি আসবে?
Adding 'ki' after the subject is the standard way to form a yes/no question.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: তুমি কি চা খাবে? B: না, আমি চা খাব না, ___ খব।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কফি
The question was a yes/no question, and the answer provides an alternative.
Which sentence uses 'ki' as a 'whether... or...' conjunction? Grammar Sorting

Select the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি ধনী কি দরিদ্র সবাই সমান।
The double 'ki' structure functions as 'whether... or...'.
Match the Bengali question to its English meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-Do you know?, 2-What do you know?
Short 'ki' is yes/no; long 'kī' is what.
Is the following statement true or false? True False Rule

In Bengali, you must change the verb position to ask a question.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Word order remains the same; only the particle 'ki' is added.

Score: /8

Exercices pratiques

8 exercises
Choose the correct form of 'ki' for the question: 'Will you eat rice?' Choix multiple

তুমি ___ ভাত খাবে?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি
This is a yes/no question, so the short particle 'ki' is required.
Correct the mistake in this sentence: 'Tumi kī bhalo acho?' Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

তুমি কী ভালো আছো?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: তুমি কি ভালো আছো?
The long 'kī' means 'what'. For 'Are you well?', use the short 'ki'.
Fill in the blank to make a polite request: 'Will you listen?'

শুনবেন ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি
Placing 'ki' at the end makes the request softer and more polite.
Turn this statement into a question: 'Se ashbe.' (He will come.) Sentence Transformation

সে আসবে।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: সে কি আসবে?
Adding 'ki' after the subject is the standard way to form a yes/no question.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: তুমি কি চা খাবে? B: না, আমি চা খাব না, ___ খব।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কফি
The question was a yes/no question, and the answer provides an alternative.
Which sentence uses 'ki' as a 'whether... or...' conjunction? Grammar Sorting

Select the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: কি ধনী কি দরিদ্র সবাই সমান।
The double 'ki' structure functions as 'whether... or...'.
Match the Bengali question to its English meaning. Match Pairs

1. Tumi ki jano? 2. Tumi kī jano?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-Do you know?, 2-What do you know?
Short 'ki' is yes/no; long 'kī' is what.
Is the following statement true or false? True False Rule

In Bengali, you must change the verb position to ask a question.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Word order remains the same; only the particle 'ki' is added.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

Yes, but it usually expresses surprise or acts as an exclamation like 'What! You're going?' rather than a neutral question.

In casual speech, you can just use rising intonation, but in writing and formal speech, 'ki' is required for clarity.

The short 'ki' is clipped and fast. The long 'kī' is slightly drawn out, though in fast speech, they can sound very similar.

'Naki' is a combination of 'na' (no) and 'ki'. It's used for 'or' or as a tag question like '..., right?'.

No. If you have a WH-word like 'ke' (who) or 'kothay' (where), you do not need 'ki'.

Yes, it is used across all registers, from the most formal 'Sadhu Bhasha' to modern slang.

No, 'ki' is an unchangeable particle. It stays the same regardless of the subject.

It literally means 'What do I know?' but is used idiomatically to mean 'I don't know' or 'Who knows?'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

¿...?

Bengali uses an explicit particle 'ki' inside the sentence.

French high

Est-ce que

'Est-ce que' usually goes at the start, while 'ki' is usually internal.

German low

Verb-first order

Bengali word order is static; German is dynamic.

Japanese high

か (ka)

Japanese 'ka' is strictly sentence-final, whereas Bengali 'ki' can move around.

Arabic high

هل (hal)

Placement: Arabic is initial, Bengali is usually post-subject.

Chinese high

吗 (ma)

Bengali 'ki' is more flexible in its placement within the sentence.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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