This page in your language

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

Home
Learn
Persian
Vocabulary
فسخ کردن

B2 verb 11 min read

فسخ کردن

faskh kardan

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips فسخ کردن in 30 Seconds

Explanation فسخ کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word فسخ کردن (faskh kardan) very often, but you might hear it if you are looking for an apartment or dealing with a simple official form. Think of it as a very 'big' and 'serious' way to say 'no more.' At this stage, just remember that faskh is for papers and contracts. If you want to cancel a dinner, use 'na' (no) or 'nemiam' (I'm not coming). If you see faskh on a button in an app, it means 'Cancel Subscription' or 'End Agreement.' You can remember it by the sound 'f-s-kh' – it sounds a bit like 'finish' if you use your imagination! Just focus on the fact that it is a compound verb using 'kardan' (to do). So, 'faskh mikonam' means 'I cancel the paper.' It's a formal word, so people will be impressed if you know it! Most A1 students use 'laghv' instead, which is okay, but faskh is more specific for deals. Imagine you bought a toy and it is broken; you might want to faskh the deal. In A1, we keep it simple: 'Gharârdâd faskh' (Contract cancel). That's the basic idea.

At the A2 level, you should start recognizing that فسخ کردن is a compound verb. This means it follows the rules of 'kardan.' You will see it in the past tense like 'faskh kardam' (I canceled) and the present tense 'faskh mikonam' (I cancel). You might use it in a sentence like 'I want to cancel my room' (Mikhâham otâgh râ faskh konam) if you are at a hotel and have a formal contract. At A2, you are learning about 'râ' (the object marker). So, you say 'Gharârdâd râ faskh kardam.' You should also know the word 'laghv' and start to see that faskh is more for business. If you are reading a simple story about a businessman, this word will appear. It's also useful for 'faskh-e eshterâk' (canceling a subscription) to a magazine or a website. Practice saying the 'kh' sound clearly at the end. It's not 'fash', it's 'faskh' like the 'ch' in 'Bach'. This word helps you sound more like an adult and less like a child when you need to stop an agreement.

At the B1 level, you are moving into intermediate Persian where nuances matter. You should know that فسخ کردن is specifically for 'rescinding' or 'annulling' a contract. You will encounter it in 'if' (agar) sentences. For example: 'If the car is bad, I will cancel the contract' (Agar mâshin bad bâshad, gharârdâد râ faskh mikonam). You should also learn the passive form: 'faskh shodan' (to be annulled). This is very common in news headlines: 'The deal was annulled' (Mo'âmeleh faskh shod). At this level, you can distinguish between 'faskh' (legal cancellation) and 'enseraf' (withdrawing your participation). You might also hear 'haqq-e faskh' (the right to cancel). This is an important phrase to know if you are signing anything in Iran. You are now expected to use the correct register. Don't use faskh for a doctor's appointment; use 'laghv'. Use faskh when there's a signature involved. This shows you understand the social and legal context of the Persian language.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of فسخ کردن as a legal and commercial term. You should be able to use it in complex sentences involving reasons and consequences. For instance, 'Due to a breach of contract, we have the right to terminate the agreement' (Be dalil-e naghz-e gharârdâd, mâ haqq dârim gharârdâd râ faskh konim). You should understand the concept of 'Khiyâr' (legal options to annul) and how faskh is the action taken when exercising a 'Khiyâr'. You will see this word in formal emails, business news, and legal documents. You should also be comfortable with the noun form 'faskh' used in phrases like 'hazineh-ye faskh' (cancellation fee). At this level, you should be able to explain the difference between 'faskh' and 'ebtâl' (voiding) to someone else. Your pronunciation should be perfect, and you should be able to use the word in the subjunctive and conditional moods without hesitation. This is a key word for achieving professional fluency.

At the C1 level, you are exploring the deeper legal and philosophical implications of فسخ کردن. You will encounter it in classical and modern legal literature, such as the 'Civil Code' (Ghânun-e Madani). You should understand the difference between 'faskh' (unilateral termination) and 'iqâla' (bilateral termination by mutual consent). You will study how faskh affects 'retroactive' vs 'prospective' obligations. In C1, you might read academic articles about 'Faskh-e Nekâh' (annulment of marriage) and the specific legal grounds required for it. You should be able to use the word in high-level debates about international treaties and the 'faskh' of diplomatic relations. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'fâsekh' (the person who annuls) and 'mafskh' (the thing annulled). You should also be aware of literary uses where 'faskh' might be used metaphorically to mean the breaking of a spiritual or emotional bond, although this is rare. Your command of the word should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's in a professional setting.

At the C2 level, you possess a masterly understanding of فسخ کردن within the entire framework of Persian jurisprudence (Fiqh) and modern law. You can analyze the subtle differences between 'faskh', 'enfesâkh' (automatic termination), and 'tâ'liq' (suspension). You are capable of drafting legal clauses that specify the conditions under which a party may faskh a multi-layered agreement. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Arabic roots into the Persian legal system. You can engage in high-level discussions about the 'Principle of Stability of Contracts' (Asl-e Lozum) and the exceptions where faskh is permitted. You can appreciate the word's use in formal political rhetoric, such as the 'faskh' of colonial-era concessions. At this level, the word is not just a verb to you; it is a legal tool with precise triggers, procedures, and consequences. You can identify when a speaker uses the word incorrectly to imply 'laghv' and understand the rhetorical reason behind that choice. You are a master of the formal register.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

فسخ کردن in 30 Seconds

Faskh kardan is a formal verb for canceling contracts.
It is primarily used in legal, business, and real estate contexts.
It differs from 'laghv' (general cancel) by its legal weight.
Commonly used when one party exercises a right to end a deal.

The Persian compound verb فسخ کردن (faskh kardan) is a sophisticated term primarily used in legal, commercial, and formal contexts to describe the act of unilaterally terminating or canceling a contract, agreement, or formal arrangement. While English speakers might use the word 'cancel' for everything from a doctor's appointment to a multi-million dollar merger, Persian distinguishes between these actions. Faskh specifically implies the dissolution of a binding legal bond, often based on a specific right granted within the contract or by law. Understanding this word is crucial for anyone navigating business in Iran or reading formal documents, as it carries heavy legal weight and consequences. Unlike the word 'laghv' (لغو), which is used for canceling meetings or events, faskh deals with the 'death' of a legal document.

Legal Context: In the Iranian Civil Code, فسخ is often associated with the concept of 'Khiyar' (option), which gives one or both parties the right to undo a deal under certain conditions, such as finding a defect in a purchased item or being deceived about a price.

اگر مستأجر اجاره را پرداخت نکند، مالک حق دارد قرارداد را فسخ کند.

(If the tenant does not pay the rent, the owner has the right to terminate/cancel the contract.)

Historically, the word comes from Arabic, meaning to 'break' or 'dislocate,' which perfectly captures the idea of breaking the continuity of a legal obligation. In modern Iranian society, you will most frequently hear this word in 'Amlak' (real estate) offices. When a buyer decides not to go through with a house purchase after signing the initial 'Gholnameh,' they are looking to faskh the deal. This usually involves a 'Zarar-o-Ziyan' (penalty fee).

Unilateral vs. Bilateral: It is important to note that فسخ is typically a unilateral act where one party exercises a right. If both parties agree to cancel together, the more accurate term is 'Iqala' (اقاله) or 'Tafasokh' (تفاخ), though in casual speech, people might still use faskh.

به دلیل نقض پیمان، شرکت تصمیم به فسخ یک‌جانبه قرارداد گرفت.

(Due to the breach of covenant, the company decided on the unilateral cancellation of the contract.)

Furthermore, the term is used in political science to describe the annulment of treaties or international agreements. When a nation withdraws from a protocol, the media will report that they have faskh-ed their commitment. In essence, this word represents the formal 'off switch' for any serious commitment. It carries a sense of finality and usually triggers a set of pre-defined consequences, such as the return of deposits or the payment of damages. If you are learning Persian for professional reasons, mastering this word and its nuances will make you sound significantly more competent and precise.

وکیل من پیشنهاد کرد که برای فسخ معامله اقدام کنیم.

(My lawyer suggested that we take action to annul the deal.)

Grammatical Structure: As a compound verb, 'faskh' acts as the noun-like element and 'kardan' (to do) acts as the light verb. In the past tense, it becomes 'faskh kardam' (I canceled), and in the present, it is 'faskh mi-konam' (I am canceling/I cancel).

In summary, this is a high-utility B2-level word that bridges the gap between everyday conversation and professional Persian. It requires an understanding of the gravity of the situation it describes.

Using فسخ کردن correctly requires attention to the object of the cancellation. Because it is a transitive verb, it almost always takes a direct object—the thing being canceled. In Persian, this object is often followed by the post-position 'râ' (را). For example, 'Man gharârdâd râ faskh kardam' (I canceled the contract). The word is versatile in its tense applications but maintains its formal tone throughout.

Present Tense Usage: In the present tense, it often describes a right or a potential action. 'Shomâ mi-tavânid in mo'âmeleh râ فسخ کنید' (You can annul this transaction). It is frequently paired with modal verbs like 'tavânestan' (can) or 'bâyestan' (must).

ما قصد داریم به زودی این توافق‌نامه را فسخ کنیم.

(We intend to terminate this agreement soon.)

In the past tense, it is used to report a completed legal action. 'An-hâ yek-jânebe gharârdâd râ فسخ کردند' (They unilaterally terminated the contract). This is common in news reports or legal proceedings.

Conditional Sentences: This verb is a staple in conditional 'if' (agar) sentences. 'Agar kond-i dar tahvil bâshad, xaridar mi-tavânad mo'âmeleh râ فسخ کند' (If there is a delay in delivery, the buyer can annul the transaction).

چرا می‌خواهی اشتراک خود را فسخ کنی؟

(Why do you want to cancel your subscription? - Here, it's used for a formal service subscription.)

Another important aspect is the use of the noun form 'faskh' on its own. You might see phrases like 'haqq-e faskh' (the right to annul). This is a very common legal term. 'Man haqq-e faskh dâram' means 'I have the right of rescission.'

Passive Construction: When the focus is on the contract itself being terminated rather than who did it, we use 'shodan'. 'Gharârdâd-e kâri-ye u فسخ شد' (His employment contract was terminated).

دولت معاهده را به طور کامل فسخ کرد.

(The government completely annulled the treaty.)

In professional emails, you might say: 'Be dalil-e adam-e payvandi-ye shomâ be ta'ahodât, mâ majbur be فسخ gharârdâd hastim' (Due to your non-compliance with obligations, we are forced to terminate the contract). This illustrates the high-register nature of the word.

آیا امکان فسخ کردن این بیمه‌نامه وجود دارد؟

(Is it possible to cancel this insurance policy?)

By practicing these patterns, you will move from a basic understanding to a professional-level command of how to handle formal cancellations in Persian.

You will encounter فسخ کردن in several specific environments in Iran. The most common is the real estate market. In Iran, buying or renting a property involves a 'Gholnameh' or 'Mobaye'enameh'. If a party wants to back out, the conversation immediately turns to faskh. You will hear real estate agents (Moshaver-e Amlak) saying, 'Hazineh-ye faskh-e gharârdâd sangin ast' (The cost of canceling the contract is heavy).

In the News: News broadcasters and newspapers like 'Ettela'at' or 'Shargh' frequently use this word when reporting on international relations. For example, when the US withdrew from the JCPOA (the nuclear deal), Persian media used 'faskh' or 'khoruj' (withdrawal) extensively. 'Amrika gharârdâd râ فسخ کرد' (America annulled the agreement).

شورای امنیت ممکن است قطعنامه را فسخ کند.

(The Security Council might annul the resolution.)

In the banking sector, if you want to close a fixed-term deposit or cancel a loan agreement early, the bank clerk will use this term. It's the standard word on banking forms and digital interfaces for 'terminating' a service.

Corporate Environment: In business meetings, when discussing vendor relations or employment, HR managers use this word. 'Mâ nâchar shodim gharârdâd-e kârmand râ فسخ کنیم' (We were forced to terminate the employee's contract).

فدراسیون فوتبال قرارداد مربی را فسخ کرد.

(The Football Federation terminated the coach's contract.)

Sports news is another huge source. Every transfer season, you'll see headlines about players 'faskh'ing their contracts with clubs like Persepolis or Esteghlal to move to other teams. This is perhaps the most 'popular' or 'informal' way the word enters daily life—through the lens of sports drama.

Online Services: Modern Iranian apps (like Snapp or Digikala) might use 'laghv' for a simple order cancellation, but for a formal membership or a long-term subscription, the 'Terms and Conditions' page will almost certainly use فسخ.

او به دفترخانه رفت تا سند را فسخ کند.

(He went to the notary office to annul the deed.)

Lastly, in university settings, if a student wants to withdraw from their studies permanently, the process is called 'faskh-e sabt-e nâm' (cancellation of registration). In all these scenarios, the word signals a formal, often bureaucratic, ending to a relationship or agreement. Hearing it should immediately alert you that something official is happening.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using فسخ کردن is using it for low-stakes, informal cancellations. In English, we 'cancel' a meeting, 'cancel' a coffee date, and 'cancel' a credit card. In Persian, using faskh for a meeting with a friend would sound bizarrely formal and legalistic. For a meeting, you should use 'laghv kardan' (لغو کردن) or 'be ham zadan' (به هم زدن).

Confusing Faskh with Laghv: Laghv is about stopping an event from happening. Faskh is about ending a legal document or agreement that already exists. You laghv a class, but you faskh a tuition contract.

اشتباه: من جلسه را فسخ کردم. (Wrong: I annulled the meeting.)

Another common mistake is confusing faskh with 'ebtâl' (ابطال). While they both mean 'to make void', 'ebtâl' usually refers to making a document or a ticket physically invalid or voiding it from the start (as if it never existed). Faskh is the termination of a valid contract from a certain point forward. For example, you 'ebtâl' a stolen passport, but you 'faskh' a lease agreement.

Preposition Errors: Learners sometimes try to use 'az' (from) or 'bâ' (with) incorrectly. The verb is simple: [Object] + [râ] + [faskh kardan]. No extra prepositions are needed between the object and the verb.

درست: او قرارداد را فسخ کرد. (Correct: He annulled the contract.)

In spoken Persian, people sometimes confuse 'faskh' with 'ghat' (قطع - to cut/disconnect). While you 'ghat' a phone line or the internet, you 'faskh' the service contract that provides those things. Using 'ghat' for a contract is understandable but less precise.

Pronunciation Pitfall: The 'kh' (خ) sound at the end of 'faskh' must be clear. Some beginners might drop it or soften it too much, making it sound like 'fass', which isn't a word. Ensure the voiceless velar fricative is distinct.

اشتباه: معامله فسخ شدنی نیست. (Incorrect usage of potentiality: Use 'ghabel-e faskh' instead.)

Lastly, avoid using faskh when you mean 'to break a promise' (ahd-shekani). Faskh is the formal process of ending the agreement, whereas 'ahd-shekani' is the immoral act of breaking your word. If you 'faskh' a contract legally, you aren't necessarily 'breaking' it in a bad way; you are exercising a right. Understanding these boundaries will prevent you from sounding like a 'robot translator' and help you speak natural, context-aware Persian.

To truly master فسخ کردن, you must see where it sits in the constellation of other 'ending' verbs in Persian. The most common alternative is لغو کردن (laghv kardan). While faskh is for contracts, laghv is the general-purpose 'cancel' for meetings, flights, laws, or events. If a flight is canceled, it is laghv. If a law is repealed, it is laghv.

Faskh vs. Laghv: Faskh: Legal termination of an existing agreement (e.g., house lease).
Laghv: General cancellation of an event or planned action (e.g., soccer match).

بازی فوتبال به دلیل باران لغو شد، اما قرارداد مربی فسخ گردید.

(The football game was canceled due to rain, but the coach's contract was terminated.)

Another near-synonym is ابطال کردن (ebtâl kardan). This means 'to void' or 'to invalidate'. It is used for documents like checks, passports, or votes. If a vote is fraudulent, the council will 'ebtâl' the results. Faskh ends a relationship; ebtâl destroys the validity of the paper itself.

Comparison: Faskh vs. Monhal: Faskh: Usually one person's decision based on a right.
Monhal: A structural dissolution, often by law or collective decision.

مجلس منحل شد و تمام قراردادهای دولتی فسخ شدند.

(The parliament was dissolved and all government contracts were annulled.)

For an informal, 'street' version of faskh, people use برهم زدن (bar ham zadan). This literally means 'to strike against each other' but idiomatically means 'to break off' or 'to disrupt'. You might hear 'mo'âmeleh râ bar ham zad' (he broke off the deal). This is much more common in the bazaar than in a lawyer's office.

Register Differences

فسخ: Formal/Legal
لغو: Neutral/General
برهم زدن: Informal/Conversational
فسخ و اقاله: Technical Legal Jargon

او معامله را برهم زد چون قیمت بالا بود.

(He called off the deal because the price was high.)

Finally, consider انصراف دادن (enseraf dâdan). This means 'to withdraw' or 'to change one's mind'. It is used when a person decides not to participate in something they signed up for, like a competition or a university entrance exam. While faskh is about the contract, enseraf is about the person's intent. 'I am withdrawing (enseraf) from the race, so please cancel (faskh) my registration contract.' Knowing these distinctions will allow you to navigate Persian social and professional hierarchies with ease.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In classical Arabic anatomy, 'faskh' was used to describe a dislocated limb. This imagery of 'dislocating' a contract is why it feels so much stronger than just 'canceling'.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /fæsχ kæɾdæn/

US /fæsχ kərdæn/

The primary stress is on the second syllable of 'kardan' (kardán), but in the compound form, 'faskh' receives significant emphasis.

Rhymes With

مسخ (maskh - metamorphosis) نسخ (naskh - abrogation) فسق (fesgh - immorality - near rhyme) چرخ (charkh) سرخ (sorkh) تلخ (talkh) بلخ (Balkh) شاخ (shâkh - near rhyme)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k' (fask). Correct: 'kh' is a throat sound.
Pronouncing 'kh' as 'sh' (fash). Correct: 'kh' is further back in the throat.
Dropping the final 'n' in 'kardan' in formal speech.
Misplacing stress on 'fas-'.
Merging 'faskh' and 'kardan' without a slight pause.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 7/5

Easy to recognize in text, but context defines the legal nuance.

Writing 6/5

Simple compound verb structure, but spelling 'faskh' correctly is key.

Speaking 8/5

The 'kh' sound and formal register make it tricky for beginners to use naturally.

Listening 5/5

Clear sound, usually stands out in formal speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

کردن (kardan) قرارداد (gharârdâd) معامله (mo'âmeleh) حق (haqq) لغو (laghv)

Learn Next

ابطال (ebtâl) انقضا (enghezâ - expiration) تعهد (ta'ahod - obligation) خیار (khiyâr) ضرر و زیان (zarar-o-ziyân)

Advanced

انفساخ (enfesâkh) اقاله (ighâleh) تراضی (tarâzi) حق استرداد (haqq-e esterdâd)

Grammar to Know

Compound Verb Conjugation

من فسخ می‌کنم، تو فسخ می‌کنی...

Direct Object Marker 'râ'

قرارداد را فسخ کرد.

Subjunctive with 'kardan'

می‌خواهم فسخ بکنم.

Passive with 'shodan'

معامله فسخ شد.

Causative form (rare)

او را مجبور به فسخ کرد.

Examples by Level

من می‌خواهم قرارداد را فسخ کنم.

I want to cancel the contract.

Simple compound verb: noun + kardan.

او قرارداد را فسخ کرد.

He/she canceled the contract.

Past tense third person singular.

آیا می‌توانم این را فسخ کنم؟

Can I cancel this?

Question form with 'tavânestan' (can).

فسخ قرارداد گران است.

Canceling the contract is expensive.

Noun form 'faskh' used as a subject.

ما معامله را فسخ کردیم.

We canceled the deal.

First person plural past tense.

لطفاً این را فسخ نکنید.

Please do not cancel this.

Negative imperative.

آن‌ها می‌خواهند فسخ کنند.

They want to cancel.

Present tense with 'khâstan' (to want).

قرارداد فسخ شد.

The contract was canceled.

Passive voice with 'shodan'.

من باید این اشتراک را فسخ کنم.

I must cancel this subscription.

Use of 'bâyad' (must) + subjunctive.

چرا قرارداد را فسخ کردی؟

Why did you cancel the contract?

Interrogative 'cherâ' (why).

او به زودی معامله را فسخ می‌کند.

He will cancel the deal soon.

Present tense used for near future.

ما حق داریم قرارداد را فسخ کنیم.

We have the right to cancel the contract.

Phrase 'haqq dâshtan' (to have the right).

آیا شما قرارداد را فسخ کردید؟

Did you (plural/formal) cancel the contract?

Second person plural past tense.

من نمی‌خواهم این معامله را فسخ کنم.

I don't want to cancel this deal.

Negative form of 'khâstan'.

اگر پول ندهی، قرارداد فسخ می‌شود.

If you don't give money, the contract will be canceled.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

او دیروز معامله را فسخ کرد.

He canceled the deal yesterday.

Simple past tense.

مستأجر می‌تواند به دلیل خرابی خانه، قرارداد را فسخ کند.

The tenant can cancel the contract due to house damage.

Use of 'be dalil-e' (due to).

وکیل گفت که ما می‌توانیم قرارداد را به راحتی فسخ کنیم.

The lawyer said that we can easily cancel the contract.

Reported speech with 'ke'.

هزینه فسخ قرارداد در متن ذکر شده است.

The cancellation fee is mentioned in the text.

Passive participle 'zekr shodeh'.

قبل از امضا، شرایط فسخ را بخوانید.

Before signing, read the cancellation conditions.

Imperative 'be-khânid'.

او به خاطر مشکلات مالی قرارداد را فسخ کرد.

He canceled the contract because of financial problems.

Phrase 'be khâter-e' (because of).

آیا امکان فسخ یک‌جانبه وجود دارد؟

Is there a possibility of unilateral cancellation?

Adjective 'yek-jânebe' (unilateral).

اگر آن‌ها به تعهدات خود عمل نکنند، ما فسخ می‌کنیم.

If they don't fulfill their obligations, we will cancel.

Conditional sentence with 'ta'ahodât'.

قرارداد کارمندان جدید فسخ نخواهد شد.

New employees' contracts will not be terminated.

Future tense 'nakhâhad shod'.

شرکت به دلیل نقض بندهای قرارداد، آن را فسخ کرد.

The company terminated the contract due to a breach of its clauses.

Formal noun 'naghz' (breach).

شما حق فسخ معامله را در صورت تأخیر دارید.

You have the right to annul the deal in case of delay.

Phrase 'dar surat-e' (in case of).

فسخ قرارداد باید به صورت کتبی اعلام شود.

Termination of the contract must be announced in writing.

Adverbial 'be surat-e katbi' (in writing).

او تلاش کرد تا از فسخ قرارداد جلوگیری کند.

He tried to prevent the termination of the contract.

Verb 'jologiri kardan' (to prevent).

طرفین توافق کردند که قرارداد را فسخ نکنند.

The parties agreed not to terminate the contract.

Noun 'tarafein' (both parties).

فسخ قرارداد پیامدهای حقوقی سنگینی دارد.

Terminating the contract has heavy legal consequences.

Noun 'payâmad' (consequence).

این بند به خریدار اجازه فسخ می‌دهد.

This clause allows the buyer to annul.

Verb 'ejâzeh dâdan' (to allow).

آیا فسخ قرارداد تأثیری بر پروژه‌های دیگر دارد؟

Does terminating the contract affect other projects?

Noun 'ta'sir' (effect/impact).

فسخ یک‌جانبه معاهدات بین‌المللی می‌تواند منجر به بحران شود.

Unilateral annulment of international treaties can lead to a crisis.

Gerundial use of 'faskh'.

مبانی فقهی فسخ نکاح در حقوق مدنی ایران بررسی شده است.

The jurisprudential foundations of marriage annulment have been examined in Iranian civil law.

Academic term 'mabâni-ye feghi'.

اعمال حق فسخ منوط به رعایت تشریفات قانونی است.

Exercising the right of rescission is contingent upon observing legal formalities.

Formal adjective 'monut' (contingent/dependent).

او مدعی شد که خیار فسخ برای وی ایجاد شده است.

He claimed that the option to rescind has been established for him.

Legal term 'khiyâr-e faskh'.

فسخ قرارداد نباید موجب تضییع حقوق طرف مقابل گردد.

Termination of the contract should not cause the infringement of the other party's rights.

Formal verb 'gardidan' instead of 'shodan'.

قانون‌گذار شرایط خاصی را برای فسخ معاملات غیرمنقول پیش‌بینی کرده است.

The legislator has foreseen specific conditions for the annulment of real estate transactions.

Noun 'ghânun-gozâr' (legislator).

اعتراض به فسخ قرارداد در مراجع قضایی پذیرفته شد.

The objection to the contract termination was accepted in judicial authorities.

Noun 'marâje-e ghazâ'i' (judicial authorities).

فسخ قرارداد به معنای نادیده گرفتن تمام تعهدات پیشین نیست.

Terminating the contract does not mean ignoring all prior obligations.

Negative definition 'be ma'nâ-ye... nist'.

در صورت بروز فورس ماژور، حق فسخ به طور خودکار فعال می‌گردد.

In the event of force majeure, the right to rescind is automatically activated.

Technical term 'force majeure'.

تمایز میان فسخ و انفساخ در حقوق تعهدات بسیار حائز اهمیت است.

The distinction between rescission and automatic termination is highly significant in the law of obligations.

Phrase 'hâ'ez-e ahammiyat' (highly important).

فسخ قراردادهای کلان نفتی نیازمند تأیید نهادهای بالادستی است.

The annulment of major oil contracts requires the approval of higher-level institutions.

Adjective 'bâlâ-dasti' (higher-level).

اراده باطنی طرفین در فرآیند فسخ و اقاله نقش محوری ایفا می‌کند.

The internal will of the parties plays a pivotal role in the process of rescission and mutual termination.

Metaphorical 'naqsh-e mehvari' (pivotal role).

عدم تقارن اطلاعاتی می‌تواند زمینه‌ساز فسخ معاملات پیچیده مالی شود.

Information asymmetry can pave the way for the annulment of complex financial transactions.

Technical term 'adam-e taghâmon-e ettelâ'âti'.

فسخ قرارداد به مثابه خروج از یک چارچوب حقوقی از پیش تعیین شده است.

Terminating a contract is like exiting a pre-determined legal framework.

Simile 'be masâbe-ye' (like/as).

تبیین آثار حقوقی فسخ بر حقوق اشخاص ثالث پیچیدگی‌های خاص خود را دارد.

Explaining the legal effects of rescission on the rights of third parties has its own complexities.

Noun 'ashkhâs-e sâles' (third parties).

فسخ قرارداد نباید به عنوان ابزاری برای سوءاستفاده از قدرت تلقی گردد.

Contract termination should not be regarded as a tool for the abuse of power.

Verb 'talaghi gardidan' (to be regarded/considered).

Common Collocations

فسخ قرارداد

حق فسخ

فسخ یک‌جانبه

فسخ معامله

هزینه فسخ

فسخ اشتراک

فسخ نکاح

درخواست فسخ

شرایط فسخ

نامه فسخ

Common Phrases

فسخ و ابطال

— Termination and invalidation. Used to cover all legal bases.

ما به دنبال فسخ و ابطال سند هستیم.

قابل فسخ

— Rescindable or cancelable. Describes a contract that can be ended.

این قرارداد قابل فسخ نیست.

خیار فسخ

— The option to rescind. A technical legal term.

او از خیار فسخ خود استفاده کرد.

اعلام فسخ

— Announcement of termination. The formal notice.

اعلام فسخ به صورت رسمی انجام شد.

فسخ فوری

— Immediate termination. Ending a deal right away.

ما خواستار فسخ فوری هستیم.

مدت فسخ

— Termination period. The window of time to cancel.

مدت فسخ ده روز است.

ضرر و زیان فسخ

— Cancellation damages. The penalty for ending a deal.

ضرر و زیان فسخ را پرداخت کرد.

تأیید فسخ

— Confirmation of termination. Approval of the act.

دادگاه فسخ را تأیید کرد.

موجب فسخ

— Cause for termination. Something that allows cancellation.

این اشتباه موجب فسخ قرارداد است.

فسخ به دلیل تقصیر

— Termination due to fault. Canceling because of a mistake.

فسخ به دلیل تقصیر فروشنده انجام شد.

Often Confused With

فسخ کردن vs لغو کردن

Laghv is for events; Faskh is for contracts.

فسخ کردن vs ابطال کردن

Ebtal is for voiding papers; Faskh is for ending agreements.

فسخ کردن vs قطع کردن

Ghat is for physical connections like phone lines.

Idioms & Expressions

"زیر حرف خود زدن"

— To go back on one's word. Related to canceling a promise informally.

او زیر حرفش زد و معامله را فسخ کرد.

Informal

"دبه کردن"

— To make excuses to back out of a deal (often in a petty way).

فروشنده دبه کرد و می‌خواهد قرارداد را فسخ کند.

Slang

"پنبه چیزی را زدن"

— To destroy or finish something off. Can imply ending an agreement.

با این کار، پنبه قرارداد را زدند.

Informal

"فاتحه چیزی را خواندن"

— To say goodbye to something (literally to read a funeral prayer).

فاتحه این معامله را بخوان، فسخ شد.

Informal

"رشته را پنبه کردن"

— To undo all the hard work (undoing a deal).

تمام زحمات ما با فسخ قرارداد پنبه شد.

Literary/Idiomatic

"زدن زیر میز"

— To flip the table (metaphorically), to suddenly reject a deal.

او زد زیر میز و قرارداد را فسخ کرد.

Informal

"بریدن و دوختن"

— To decide everything oneself (often used when one party cancels unilaterally).

خودش برید و دوخت و قرارداد را فسخ کرد.

Informal

"آب پاکی روی دست کسی ریختن"

— To give a final 'no' or end someone's hopes (like a final cancellation).

با فسخ قرارداد، آب پاکی را روی دست ما ریخت.

Idiomatic

"خط قرمز کشیدن"

— To draw a red line (to cancel or reject something completely).

روی این توافق خط قرمز کشیدند.

Informal

"به هم خوردن"

— To fall through (for a deal or plan).

معامله به هم خورد.

Neutral

Easily Confused

فسخ کردن vs انفساخ

Sounds similar to faskh.

Faskh is a choice; Enfesakh is an automatic legal termination.

با مرگ یکی از طرفین، قرارداد دچار انفساخ شد.

فسخ کردن vs اقاله

Both end a contract.

Faskh is unilateral; Iqala is by mutual consent.

آن‌ها با اقاله به همکاری پایان دادند.

فسخ کردن vs نسخ

Same Arabic root.

Naskh is used for abrogating laws or religious verses.

این قانون توسط قانون جدید نسخ شد.

فسخ کردن vs فسخ‌نامه

Often confused with the action itself.

Faskh-nameh is the physical document that proves the termination.

او فسخ‌نامه را امضا کرد.

فسخ کردن vs انصراف

Both mean backing out.

Enseraf is about the person's participation; Faskh is about the document.

از شرکت در مسابقه انصراف دادم.

Sentence Patterns

[Object] râ faskh kardam.

Man gharârdâd râ faskh kardam.

Mikhâham [Object] râ faskh konam.

Mikhâham in râ faskh konam.

Agar [Condition], [Object] râ faskh mikonam.

Agar nayâyad, gharârdâd râ faskh mikonam.

Be dalil-e [Reason], haqq-e faskh dârim.

Be dalil-e ta'khir, haqq-e faskh dârim.

Faskh-e [Noun] monut be [Condition] ast.

Faskh-e mo'âmeleh monut be hokm-e dâdgâh ast.

Tamyiz miyân-e faskh va [Legal Term] zaruri ast.

Tamyiz miyân-e faskh va enfesâkh zaruri ast.

[Object] ghâbel-e faskh nist.

In gharârdâd ghâbel-e faskh nist.

[Person] eghdâm be faskh-e [Object] kard.

Modir eghdâm be faskh-e gharârdâd kard.

Word Family

Nouns

فسخ (faskh - annulment)

فاسخ (fâsekh - the person who annuls)

منسوخ (mansukh - obsolete/abrogated)

فسخ‌نامه (faskh-nâme - termination notice)

Verbs

فسخ شدن (faskh shodan - to be annulled)

منسوخ کردن (mansukh kardan - to make obsolete)

Adjectives

قابل فسخ (ghâbel-e faskh - rescindable)

فسخ‌شدنی (faskh-shodani - terminable)

قرارداد (gharârdâd - contract)

معامله (mo'âmeleh - transaction)

حق (haqq - right)

خیار (khiyâr - legal option)

ابطال (ebtâl - invalidation)

How to Use It

frequency

High in news, law, and business; low in casual household talk.

Common Mistakes

Using 'faskh' for a meeting. → جلسه را لغو کردم.
Meetings are 'laghv', not 'faskh'.
Saying 'faskh dâdan'. → فسخ کردن
The light verb must be 'kardan', not 'dâdan'.
Omitting 'râ' with a specific contract. → قرارداد را فسخ کرد.
Since the contract is usually specific, 'râ' is required.
Using 'faskh' for a broken object. → شکستن
Faskh is for abstract agreements, not physical objects.
Confusing 'faskh' with 'talaq'. → طلاق گرفتن
Standard divorce is 'talaq'; 'faskh' is a very specific type of marriage annulment.

Tips

Document Focus

Always associate 'faskh' with a document that has a signature. If there's no signature, 'laghv' is probably better.

Clear KH

The 'kh' sound is vital. Practice by saying 'Bach' or 'Loch' in German/Scots to get that throat friction.

Haqq-e Faskh

If you rent an apartment in Iran, look for the 'haqq-e faskh' clause. It protects you if the place is not as described.

Synonym Nuance

Don't confuse 'faskh' with 'ebtal'. Faskh ends a deal; Ebtal says the deal was never valid to begin with.

Light Verb

Remember that 'kardan' changes for tense, but 'faskh' stays the same. Focus your conjugation practice on 'kardan'.

Business Etiquette

Using 'faskh' in a business meeting shows you are serious and understand Iranian commercial norms.

Avoid with Friends

Avoid saying 'I faskh-ed our plan' to a friend. It sounds like you are breaking up with them via a lawyer.

News Trigger

When you hear 'faskh' on the news, pay attention to the country or company mentioned; it's usually a big story.

Formal Suffixes

In writing, you can use 'faskh-nâme' to refer to the official cancellation letter.

Arabic Roots

If you know Arabic, remember 'fasakha' (to annul). The meaning is identical in Persian legal contexts.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Faskh' as 'Fast-Exit'. When you want to get out of a contract FAST, you FAS-KH it. The 'kh' is the sound of the contract being 'cut' in your throat.

Visual Association

Imagine a large, red 'VOID' stamp hitting a paper. The sound of that stamp hitting the paper is the 'KH' in 'faskh'.

Word Web

Contract Lawyer Signature Cancel Money Court Agreement Exit

Challenge

Try to find a Persian news article about 'football' and see if you can find the word 'faskh' used for a player's contract.

Word Origin

The word 'faskh' originates from the Arabic root F-S-KH (ف-س-خ). In Arabic, it means to break, to dislocate, or to annul. It was adopted into Persian along with many other legal and administrative terms following the Islamic conquest.

Original meaning: To break or pull apart a joint; metaphorically applied to breaking a legal bond.

Semitic (Arabic) root integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

Cultural Context

Be careful using this word with friends; it can sound like you are ending the friendship in a cold, legal way.

English speakers often say 'I'm canceling my plan.' In Persian, you must decide: is it a 'laghv' (plan) or a 'faskh' (contract)? Using 'faskh' for a gym membership makes you sound very legally aware.

Iranian Civil Code (Articles 396-457) regarding 'Khiyarat'. News reports on the 'JCPOA' (Barjam) cancellation. Sports headlines about 'Lionel Messi' or other stars 'faskh'ing contracts.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Real Estate

فسخ قولنامه
کمیسیون فسخ
حق فسخ مالک
فسخ به دلیل عیب

Employment

فسخ قرارداد کار
اخراج و فسخ
سنوات پس از فسخ
نامه فسخ همکاری

Business/Trade

فسخ معامله تجاری
بند فسخ قرارداد
فسخ به دلیل تأخیر
خسارت فسخ

International Relations

فسخ معاهده
فسخ توافق‌نامه
خروج و فسخ
فسخ پروتکل

Digital Services

فسخ اشتراک
لغو و فسخ عضویت
دکمه فسخ
شرایط فسخ حساب

Conversation Starters

"آیا تا به حال مجبور شده‌اید قراردادی را فسخ کنید؟"

"به نظر شما بهترین دلیل برای فسخ یک معامله چیست؟"

"اگر فروشنده قیمت را بالا ببرد، شما قرارداد را فسخ می‌کنید؟"

"در کشور شما، هزینه فسخ قرارداد خانه چقدر است؟"

"آیا فسخ کردن اشتراک‌های اینترنتی در ایران راحت است؟"

Journal Prompts

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک تصمیم مهم را تغییر دادید و یک توافق را فسخ کردید.

تفاوت‌های اخلاقی و قانونی فسخ کردن یک قول را بررسی کنید.

اگر وکیل بودید، چه شرایطی را برای فسخ قرارداد در متن می‌گنجاندید؟

چرا برخی شرکت‌ها فسخ قرارداد را برای مشتریان سخت می‌کنند؟

اهمیت 'حق فسخ' در معاملات روزمره زندگی را توصیف کنید.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, that would be too formal. Use 'laghv kardan' (لغو کردن) for appointments.

Not necessarily. It is a legal right. However, it usually indicates a problem in the business relationship.

It is 'faskh kardam' (I canceled), 'faskh kardi' (you canceled), etc.

Often, yes. Legal 'faskh' usually aims to return things to how they were before the contract.

It means 'the right to rescind.' It's a clause in a contract that allows you to cancel it under certain conditions.

You say 'Gharârdâd faskh shod' (قرارداد فسخ شد).

Yes, 'faskh-e nekâh' is the legal term for annulling a marriage, which is different from 'talaq' (divorce).

Yes, in a formal context like a customer service email, 'faskh-e eshterâk' is perfect.

The most common opposite is 'emzâ' (signing) or 'tamdid' (extending).

The root is used, but the specific compound verb 'faskh kardan' is modern Persian legal terminology.