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B1 adjective #7,500 most common 7 min read

canin

Top 7,500

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips canin in 30 Seconds

Explanation canin in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually learn the word 'chien' for dog. However, you might see 'canin' on signs in French cities. For example, 'Espace canin' means a place where dogs can play. You don't need to use this word yet, but recognizing it will help you understand rules in public parks. It just means 'related to dogs'. If you see a sign with a dog picture and the word 'canin', it's about dogs. Remember that 'canin' is an adjective, so it describes something else, like a park or a breed. It is a good word to know for basic reading in France.

At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more specific vocabulary for hobbies and daily life. If you have a dog, you might visit a 'salon de toilettage canin' (dog grooming salon). You will notice that 'canin' changes to 'canine' if the noun is feminine, like 'une race canine' (a dog breed). You should be able to recognize this word in simple texts about pets or animals. It is more formal than 'chien'. When you talk about the 'canine' teeth in your mouth, you are using the same word. It is a useful term for expanding your vocabulary beyond the most basic animal names.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'canin' in specific contexts. This includes discussing animal health, professional dog training, or urban rules. You should understand the difference between 'un chien' (the animal) and 'canin' (the adjective). For example, you might say, 'J'aime le milieu canin' (I like the dog world/industry). You will encounter this word in news articles about environment or health. You should also be comfortable using it to describe human anatomy, specifically 'les canines'. At this level, using 'canin' shows that you can distinguish between different registers of speech, choosing the more formal term when appropriate.

At the B2 level, you can use 'canin' to discuss complex topics like 'la psychologie canine' or 'la législation canine'. You understand that 'canin' is part of a larger family of biological terms. You can read technical articles about 'les canidés' (canids) and understand that 'canin' is the adjective form. You might use it in a debate about 'les déjections canines' in cities, arguing for better public services. Your use of the word should be precise, correctly matching gender and number. You also recognize metaphorical uses, such as 'une fidélité canine', and you know when they are appropriate to use in writing.

At the C1 level, 'canin' is a standard part of your professional or academic vocabulary. You can use it fluently in veterinary, biological, or sociological contexts. You are aware of the subtle nuances between 'canin' and other adjectives like 'cynégétique' (related to hunting). You can write long essays about 'l'évolution de la présence canine en milieu urbain'. You understand the historical and Latin roots of the word. You can also identify 'canin' in literary texts where it might be used to describe a character's features or behavior in a more evocative, descriptive way. Your mastery of the word includes all its forms and contexts.

At the C2 level, you have a complete command of 'canin' and its place in the French language. You can use it in highly specialized scientific discourse or high-level literature. You understand the nuances of its use in legal texts regarding 'les espèces canines protégées'. You can appreciate wordplay or complex metaphors involving 'canin' in classical or modern French literature. You use it with the same ease as a native speaker, perfectly balancing the formal register of the adjective with the informal nature of the subject matter. You are also familiar with rare derivatives and the full etymological history of the word family.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

canin in 30 Seconds

Canin is the formal adjective for 'dog' in French, used in technical and professional contexts.
It must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (canin, canine, canins, canines).
As a noun, 'une canine' refers specifically to a canine tooth in humans or animals.
Common uses include 'race canine' (dog breed), 'brigade canine' (K9 unit), and 'toilettage canin' (grooming).

The French adjective canin is a sophisticated term used to describe anything related to dogs. While the everyday word for dog is 'chien', 'canin' serves as the technical, scientific, and formal equivalent, much like 'canine' in English. It is an essential word for anyone navigating veterinary contexts, pet care industries, or biological discussions in French. The term is derived from the Latin 'caninus', which itself comes from 'canis'. Understanding this word allows a learner to transition from basic descriptions to professional-grade communication. For instance, you will encounter this word in phrases like 'le monde canin' (the dog world) or 'éducation canine' (dog training). It is not just about the animal itself but the entire ecosystem surrounding it, including behavior, health, and species classification. In a cultural sense, the French have a deep-seated love for dogs, often bringing them into cafes and restaurants, making 'canin' a frequently appearing word in municipal regulations and social commentary. When you use 'canin' instead of 'de chien', you elevate your register from informal to neutral or formal. It is a marker of B1 level proficiency because it shows an ability to use specialized vocabulary beyond the most basic nouns.

Biological Classification: In biology, 'canin' identifies the species 'Canis lupus familiaris'. It distinguishes dogs from feline (chat) or equine (cheval) species.

Professional Usage: Veterinarians use 'santé canine' to refer to dog health. Dog trainers are called 'éducateurs canins'.

Le centre canin propose des cours de dressage pour chiots tous les samedis matin.

La rage est une maladie canine très dangereuse qui peut être transmise à l'homme.

Les dents canines sont situées entre les incisives et les prémolaires.

Une exposition canine aura lieu au parc des expositions le mois prochain.

L'odorat canin est des milliers de fois plus puissant que celui de l'être humain.

Societal Context: France has one of the highest rates of dog ownership in Europe. Therefore, 'canin' appears in many public signage contexts regarding hygiene and safety.

Using 'canin' requires attention to its role as an adjective. It must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example, 'un comportement canin' (masculine singular), 'une espèce canine' (feminine singular), 'des sports canins' (masculine plural), and 'des croquettes canines' (feminine plural). It is rarely used to describe a specific pet dog like 'mon canin est beau' (incorrect); instead, you would say 'mon chien est beau'. Use 'canin' when discussing the category. In academic or journalistic writing, 'canin' adds a layer of precision. For instance, 'la population canine de Paris' sounds more professional than 'les chiens de Paris'. It is also used in anatomical descriptions. Every human has four 'dents canines'. In this context, the adjective becomes a noun. When describing behavior, 'canin' can be used metaphorically, although this is less common than in English. If someone has a 'fidélité canine', it means they are as loyal as a dog.

Agreement Rules: Masculine: canin. Feminine: canine. Masculine Plural: canins. Feminine Plural: canines.

Cette association s'occupe de la protection canine dans la région.

Les clubs canins organisent souvent des compétitions d'agilité.

L'anatomie canine est complexe et variée selon les races.

Il a une passion pour tout ce qui touche au milieu canin.

La psychologie canine aide à comprendre les aboiements excessifs.

Common Nouns Modified: Race (breed), espèce (species), éducation (training), refuge (shelter), salon (show/salon).

You will hear 'canin' in professional and administrative settings. If you go to a 'vétérinaire', they will likely use terms like 'pathologie canine' or 'nutrition canine'. In the news, reports on public health might mention 'la rage canine'. If you are walking in a park in France, you might see signs for 'espace canin' (a designated dog area) or 'déjections canines' (a polite way to refer to dog waste—usually on signs reminding owners to clean up). In the media, documentaries about wolves or wild dogs will use 'canin' to describe the family of animals. It is also the standard term in the beauty industry for dogs, known as 'toilettage canin' (dog grooming). If you are a fan of dog shows, you will hear about the 'Société Centrale Canine', which is the official kennel club of France. It is a word that signals you are speaking about the subject with a certain level of expertise or formality.

Public Signage: 'Propreté canine' is a common sign in French cities, often accompanied by dispensers for plastic bags.

Veuillez ramasser les déjections canines pour garder le parc propre.

Le salon de toilettage canin est complet jusqu'à la semaine prochaine.

Le ministère de l'Agriculture surveille la santé canine nationale.

Une brigade canine a été déployée pour retrouver la personne disparue.

L'encyclopédie canine contient des détails sur plus de trois cents races.

News Vocabulary: Terms like 'trafic canin' (illegal dog trade) or 'bien-être canin' (dog welfare) appear in news headers.

The most frequent mistake for English speakers is using 'canin' as a noun to refer to a pet dog. In English, we might say 'my canine', but in French, 'mon canin' is incorrect unless you are referring to a tooth. For an animal, always use 'chien'. Another error involves gender agreement. Since 'chien' is masculine, learners often forget that 'race' (breed) is feminine, leading to the incorrect 'race canin' instead of 'race canine'. Similarly, 'espèce' is feminine, requiring 'espèce canine'. Confusion also arises with the word 'chenil' (kennel). While 'chenil' is related to dogs, it is a noun, whereas 'canin' is an adjective. Do not confuse 'canin' with 'félin' (related to cats) or 'bovin' (related to cows). Lastly, avoid overusing 'canin' in casual conversation. If you are talking to a friend about their dog's behavior, saying 'son comportement canin est étrange' sounds overly clinical; 'son comportement est bizarre' is much more natural.

Agreement Errors: Wrong: Une race canin. Right: Une race canine.

J'ai acheté de la nourriture canine (Correct for 'dog food' in a formal context).

Mon canin s'appelle Rex (Incorrect - use 'Mon chien').

Les dents canines servent à déchirer la viande.

Il travaille dans un refuge canin.

Le sport canin demande beaucoup de patience.

False Friend Warning: 'Canine' in English can mean the tooth or the animal. In French, as a noun, it only means the tooth.

While 'canin' is the primary adjective for dogs, there are several related terms. 'Cynophile' refers to a person who loves dogs. 'Cynologie' is the scientific study of dogs. If you want to be more poetic or colloquial, you might use 'toutou' (doggie) or 'clebs' (slang for dog), but these don't have adjective forms like 'canin'. For feline comparisons, you would use 'félin'. For horses, 'équin'. For birds, 'aviaire'. In some contexts, you can simply use 'de chien' (of dog), such as 'une vie de chien' (a dog's life/a miserable life). However, 'une vie canine' would sound strange as it's too clinical for an idiom. 'Canin' is specifically for technical, categorical, or anatomical descriptions.

Comparisons: 'Canin' (Dog) vs 'Félin' (Cat) vs 'Vulpit' (Fox-like - though 'vulpit' is rare, 'vulpine' is used in English, French uses 'de renard').

L'agilité canine est impressionnante lors des concours.

Les caractéristiques canines varient énormément d'un Chihuahua à un Danois.

Le monde canin est vaste et passionnant pour les éleveurs.

Il possède une dent canine un peu trop pointue.

La médiation canine est utilisée pour aider les personnes stressées.

Technical Synonyms: Relatif aux chiens, de la famille des canidés.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The word 'canary' (the bird) actually comes from the same root. The Canary Islands were named 'Insula Canaria' (Island of Dogs) by the Romans because of the large wild dogs found there.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /ka.nɛ̃/

US /ka.nɛ̃/

French words generally have a slight stress on the final syllable.

Rhymes With

malin lapin matin sapin vin bain main train

Common Errors

Pronouncing the 'n' at the end clearly (it should be a nasal vowel).
Confusing the feminine 'canine' (where you do hear the 'n') with the masculine 'canin'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

Easy to recognize because of the English cognate 'canine'.

Writing 3/5

Requires remembering gender agreement (canin vs canine).

Speaking 3/5

Nasal vowel at the end can be tricky for beginners.

Listening 2/5

Clearly distinguishable in formal speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

chien animal dent race noir

Learn Next

félin équin vétérinaire espèce biologie

Advanced

canidés cynophile cynologie éthologie odontologie

Grammar to Know

Adjective Agreement

Un sport canin / Une race canine.

Adjective Placement

Le monde canin (After the noun).

Nasal Vowels

Canin (nasal) vs Canine (non-nasal).

Pluralization

Les centres canins.

Substantive Adjectives

La canine (The tooth).

Examples by Level

Regarde le signe : Espace canin.

Look at the sign: Dog area.

'Canin' is an adjective modifying 'Espace'.

C'est un club canin.

It's a dog club.

'Canin' follows the masculine noun 'club'.

Le parc canin est ouvert.

The dog park is open.

'Canin' describes the park.

J'aime le monde canin.

I love the dog world.

'Canin' is masculine singular here.

C'est une dent canine.

It's a canine tooth.

'Canine' is feminine singular to match 'dent'.

Un sport canin est amusant.

A dog sport is fun.

'Canin' modifies 'sport'.

Le salon canin est grand.

The dog show is big.

'Canin' follows 'salon'.

Voici une race canine.

Here is a dog breed.

'Canine' matches the feminine 'race'.

Il travaille dans un refuge canin.

He works in a dog shelter.

'Refuge' is masculine.

Elle adore le toilettage canin.

She loves dog grooming.

'Toilettage' is masculine.

Les sports canins sont populaires.

Dog sports are popular.

Plural form 'canins'.

C'est une exposition canine.

It's a dog show.

'Exposition' is feminine.

Il y a beaucoup de races canines.

There are many dog breeds.

Feminine plural 'canines'.

Le centre canin est fermé le lundi.

The dog center is closed on Mondays.

'Centre' is masculine.

Je cherche une pension canine.

I am looking for a dog boarding kennel.

'Pension' is feminine.

La brigade canine aide la police.

The dog squad helps the police.

'Brigade' is feminine.

L'éducation canine demande de la patience.

Dog training requires patience.

'Éducation' is feminine.

La nutrition canine est importante pour sa santé.

Dog nutrition is important for its health.

'Nutrition' is feminine.

Il étudie la psychologie canine.

He is studying dog psychology.

'Psychologie' is feminine.

Les déjections canines sont interdites sur le trottoir.

Dog waste is forbidden on the sidewalk.

Feminine plural 'canines'.

Ce vétérinaire est un expert canin.

This vet is a dog expert.

'Expert' is masculine.

La population canine augmente dans cette ville.

The dog population is increasing in this city.

'Population' is feminine.

Elle a une passion pour la photographie canine.

She has a passion for dog photography.

'Photographie' is feminine.

Le comportement canin peut être complexe.

Dog behavior can be complex.

'Comportement' is masculine.

La médiation canine aide les enfants autistes.

Dog therapy helps autistic children.

'Médiation' is feminine.

L'anatomie canine varie selon la taille de l'animal.

Dog anatomy varies according to the animal's size.

'Anatomie' is feminine.

Il existe des assurances pour la santé canine.

There are insurance policies for dog health.

'Santé' is feminine.

Le dressage canin a beaucoup évolué récemment.

Dog training has evolved a lot recently.

'Dressage' is masculine.

Les associations de protection canine sont actives.

Dog protection associations are active.

Feminine plural 'canines'.

La morphologie canine est étudiée par les experts.

Dog morphology is studied by experts.

'Morphologie' is feminine.

La communication canine passe par le langage corporel.

Dog communication happens through body language.

'Communication' is feminine.

Il a écrit un livre sur l'histoire canine.

He wrote a book on dog history.

'Histoire' is feminine.

L'éthologie canine est une science fascinante.

Dog ethology is a fascinating science.

'Éthologie' is feminine.

La sélection canine a créé des races très diverses.

Dog selection has created very diverse breeds.

'Sélection' is feminine.

Les pathologies canines sont souvent liées à la génétique.

Dog pathologies are often linked to genetics.

Feminine plural 'canines'.

L'industrie canine génère des milliards d'euros.

The dog industry generates billions of euros.

'Industrie' is feminine.

La législation canine encadre la possession de chiens dangereux.

Dog legislation regulates the possession of dangerous dogs.

'Législation' is feminine.

L'odorat canin est utilisé pour détecter des maladies.

The dog's sense of smell is used to detect diseases.

'Odorat' is masculine.

La fidélité canine est un thème récurrent en littérature.

Dog loyalty is a recurring theme in literature.

'Fidélité' is feminine.

L'agressivité canine doit être traitée par des professionnels.

Dog aggression must be treated by professionals.

'Agressivité' is feminine.

La taxonomie canine classe le chien parmi les canidés.

Dog taxonomy classifies the dog among the canids.

'Taxonomie' is feminine.

L'ontogenèse canine décrit le développement du chiot.

Dog ontogenesis describes the puppy's development.

'Ontogenèse' is feminine.

L'influence canine sur la psyché humaine est indéniable.

The dog's influence on the human psyche is undeniable.

'Influence' is feminine.

Les fouilles archéologiques révèlent une présence canine ancienne.

Archaeological excavations reveal an ancient dog presence.

'Présence' is feminine.

La sémantique canine explore le sens des aboiements.

Dog semantics explores the meaning of barks.

'Sémantique' is feminine.

La variabilité canine est le fruit de millénaires de domestication.

Dog variability is the result of millennia of domestication.

'Variabilité' is feminine.

L'altruisme canin est parfois observé dans la nature.

Dog altruism is sometimes observed in nature.

'Altruisme' is masculine.

Le paradigme canin dans la recherche scientifique évolue.

The dog paradigm in scientific research is evolving.

'Paradigme' is masculine.

Common Collocations

Race canine

Brigade canine

Toilettage canin

Sport canin

Dent canine

Espace canin

Population canine

Santé canine

Croquettes canines

Éducation canine

Common Phrases

Le monde canin

— The community and industry surrounding dogs.

Il est très connu dans le monde canin.

Déjections canines

— A formal way to say dog poop, usually on signs.

Ramassez les déjections canines.

Refuge canin

— A place where stray dogs are kept.

Il a adopté son chien dans un refuge canin.

Exposition canine

— A dog show where breeds are judged.

Nous allons à l'exposition canine de Paris.

Espèce canine

— The dog species in a biological sense.

L'espèce canine est très variée.

Pension canine

— A hotel for dogs when owners are away.

Le chien est à la pension canine.

Club canin

— A social club for dog owners and training.

Il va au club canin tous les dimanches.

Agressivité canine

— Behavioral issues involving aggression in dogs.

Il traite les problèmes d'agressivité canine.

Nutrition canine

— The study or practice of feeding dogs.

Elle est experte en nutrition canine.

Concours canin

— A competition involving dogs.

Elle a gagné le concours canin.

Often Confused With

canin vs Chenil

A noun meaning 'kennel', whereas 'canin' is an adjective.

canin vs Cynophile

A noun/adjective for dog lovers, 'canin' is for the species itself.

canin vs Félin

Related to cats, the opposite of 'canin' in animal discussions.

Idioms & Expressions

"Une fidélité canine"

— Unwavering, absolute loyalty.

Il sert son maître avec une fidélité canine.

literary

"Avoir une dent contre quelqu'un"

— To have a grudge (though not using 'canin', it involves the tooth).

Il a une dent contre moi.

informal

"Regard canin"

— A look that is expressive and soulful like a dog's.

Elle me fixait avec un regard canin.

literary

"Appétit canin"

— A very large appetite (similar to 'appétit d'ogre').

Il a un appétit canin après le sport.

informal

"Dents de scie"

— Not 'canin', but relates to teeth shapes often compared.

L'économie est en dents de scie.

neutral

"Faire le beau"

— To show off (like a dog sitting up).

Arrête de faire le beau devant elle !

informal

"Une vie de chien"

— A hard life (uses 'chien' but is the semantic equivalent).

Quel temps ! C'est une vie de chien.

informal

"Être comme chien et chat"

— To fight constantly.

Ils sont comme chien et chat.

neutral

"Entre chien et loup"

— At twilight.

Nous sommes rentrés entre chien et loup.

literary

"Chien de garde"

— Watchdog (literal or metaphorical).

Il est le chien de garde de la démocratie.

neutral

Easily Confused

canin vs Canine

Same word, but feminine form or a noun.

As a noun, it's a tooth. As an adjective, it's the feminine form of 'canin'.

La dent canine est pointue.

canin vs Chien

Both relate to dogs.

'Chien' is the noun (the animal). 'Canin' is the adjective (relating to the animal).

Un chien dans un centre canin.

canin vs Cynique

Sounds vaguely similar.

'Cynique' means cynical, unrelated to dogs despite the Greek root 'kunos' (dog).

Il a un humour cynique.

canin vs Canidé

Scientific term.

'Canidé' is a noun for the whole family (wolves, foxes, dogs).

Le loup est un canidé.

canin vs Chenille

Sounds similar.

'Chenille' means caterpillar.

La chenille devient papillon.

Sentence Patterns

C'est un [noun] canin.

C'est un parc canin.

Il y a une [noun] canine.

Il y a une exposition canine.

J'aime le milieu [noun] canin.

J'aime le milieu sportif canin.

La [noun] canine est [adjective].

La psychologie canine est complexe.

Malgré la [noun] canine, [clause].

Malgré la sélection canine, les chiens restent proches du loup.

L'essence même de la [noun] canine...

L'essence même de la fidélité canine réside dans l'instinct.

Il s'occupe de [noun] canin.

Il s'occupe de dressage canin.

Elle cherche un [noun] canin.

Elle cherche un refuge canin.

Word Family

Nouns

chien

chienne

chiot

canidé

canine (tooth)

chenil

Verbs

chiner (unrelated meaning)

caner (slang: to die, unrelated)

Adjectives

canin

canine

cynophile

cynologie

meute

aboiement

canidés

How to Use It

frequency

Common in specific professional/urban domains.

Common Mistakes

Un race canin → Une race canine
'Race' is a feminine noun, so the adjective must be feminine.
Mon canin est gentil → Mon chien est gentil
'Canin' is an adjective, not a noun for the animal.
J'ai mal à mon canin → J'ai mal à ma canine
The tooth is a feminine noun: 'une canine'.
Un centre canine → Un centre canin
'Centre' is masculine, so the adjective must be masculine.
Les sports canine → Les sports canins
'Sports' is masculine plural, so it needs 'canins'.

Tips

Match the Gender

Always look at the noun. 'Un club canin' but 'Une école canine'. This is a common B1 mistake.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'canin' in writing or professional settings. Use 'de chien' in casual conversation.

The Nasal 'IN'

Practice the 'in' sound. It is one of the four main nasal vowels in French. Don't say the 'n'!

Public Signs

Look for 'canin' on signs when walking in France. It will help you remember the word naturally.

Tooth Talk

Remember that 'la canine' is a tooth. This is the only way 'canine' is used as a noun.

Job Titles

An 'éducateur canin' is a dog trainer. This is a common career path in France.

Vet Visits

When at the vet, use 'santé canine' to talk about overall dog health trends.

Precision

Using 'canin' makes your French sound more advanced and precise in essays.

Latin Root

Remembering 'Canis' (Latin for dog) helps you connect 'canin' to 'canine' and 'canaries'.

The Fang Rule

Associate 'canin' with fangs to remember it's about dogs.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of the 'Canine' teeth in your mouth. They are the 'dog teeth' because they look like a dog's fangs. Canin = Canine.

Visual Association

Imagine a dog wearing a professional suit and a tie. This represents the formal, technical use of 'canin' versus the casual 'chien'.

Word Web

chien vétérinaire dent race os niche aboyer meute

Challenge

Try to name five things in your city that could be described as 'canin' (e.g., a park, a shop, a sign).

Word Origin

From the Latin 'caninus', derived from 'canis' (dog).

Original meaning: Pertaining to a dog.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > French.

Cultural Context

Generally a neutral term, but ensure not to use it to describe people unless using the specific idiom 'fidélité canine', as it can sound dehumanizing.

In English, 'canine' is also used for teeth and in police contexts (K9), making this a very easy cognate for English speakers.

La Brigade Canine (TV shows/Police) Rintintin (famous dog) L'Exposition Canine de Paris

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Veterinary Clinic

La santé canine
Un examen canin
Pathologie canine
Nutrition canine

Public Park

Espace canin
Déjections canines
Zone canine
Club canin

Police Station

La brigade canine
Un maître-chien
Unité canine
Recherche canine

Dentist

Une dent canine
La canine supérieure
Extraire une canine
Douleur à la canine

Pet Store

Rayon canin
Accessoires canins
Nourriture canine
Shampooing canin

Conversation Starters

"Pensez-vous que les espaces canins en ville sont suffisants ?"

"Quelle est la race canine la plus intelligente selon vous ?"

"Avez-vous déjà visité une exposition canine ?"

"Que pensez-vous du toilettage canin excessif ?"

"Est-ce que la brigade canine est efficace pour la sécurité ?"

Journal Prompts

Décrivez votre expérience avec le monde canin si vous avez un animal.

Imaginez une ville entièrement conçue pour le confort canin.

Pourquoi la fidélité canine est-elle si admirée par les humains ?

Rédigez un article court sur l'importance de l'éducation canine.

Comparez l'espèce canine et l'espèce féline dans la vie quotidienne.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, in French 'canin' is an adjective. You should say 'mon chien'. Using 'mon canin' sounds like you are talking about your tooth.

As a noun (tooth), yes. As an adjective, it is the feminine form of 'canin' used with feminine nouns like 'race' or 'éducation'.

It is the police K9 unit, where dogs are trained to help officers find people or substances.

'Canin' ends with a nasal vowel (like 'vin'). 'Canine' ends with a clear 'n' sound (like 'machine').

It is the formal term used on signs for dog poop. Cities use it to sound more polite and official.

Only metaphorically, like 'une fidélité canine' (dog-like loyalty). It is not used to describe a person's appearance usually.

It is the French equivalent of the Kennel Club, responsible for dog breeds and shows.

Usually 'canin' refers to domestic dogs. For wolves, you might use 'lupin' or the broader term 'canidé'.

Yes, it is very common in cities (signs), pet stores, and veterinary contexts.

They are the four relatively long, pointed teeth, one on each side of the upper and lower jaws.