ढँकना in 30 Seconds
- To cover something, often for protection or concealment.
- Used for everyday actions like covering food or beds.
- Can be used figuratively to hide emotions or truths.
- Conjugates based on gender, number, and tense.
- Core Meaning
- The Hindi verb "ढँकना" (dhakna) fundamentally means to cover something. This covering action can be for various purposes, including protection, concealment, or simply completing a task. Think of it as placing something over or in front of another object to hide it, shield it from the elements, or make it inaccessible. It implies a sense of enclosure or obscuring what lies beneath.
- Protection and Safety
- One of the most common uses of "ढँकना" is for protection. Imagine covering food to keep insects away, or covering a wound to prevent infection. In a broader sense, it can mean shielding something from harm, whether physical or metaphorical. For instance, you might cover a delicate plant during a frost to protect it from the cold. This aspect of "ढँकना" emphasizes its role in safeguarding.
- Concealment and Privacy
- "ढँकना" is also used when the intention is to hide or conceal something. This could be as simple as covering a gift before presenting it, or as significant as covering sensitive documents. The act of covering implies a desire to keep something out of sight, whether for surprise, privacy, or to prevent it from being seen by unauthorized individuals. It's about creating a visual barrier.
- Completing Tasks and Everyday Actions
- Beyond protection and concealment, "ढँकना" describes many everyday actions. Covering a pot while cooking, covering a bed with a blanket, or covering a hole in the ground are all instances where this verb is used. It signifies the completion of an action that involves putting something over or on top of something else. These actions are often routine and essential for daily life, making "ढँकना" a very practical word to know.
खाना ढकना बहुत ज़रूरी है ताकि उसमें मक्खियाँ न बैठें। (Khana dhakna bahut zaroori hai taaki usmein makkhiyan na baithein.) ढकना is very important so that flies don't sit in it.
उसने तोहफ़े को एक कपड़े से ढँक दिया। (Usne tohfe ko ek kapde se dhank diya.) He covered the gift with a cloth.
- Basic Structure: Subject + Object + Verb
- The most straightforward way to use "ढँकना" is in a simple sentence structure: Subject performs the action of covering the Object. The verb "ढँकना" will conjugate based on the subject's gender and number, and the tense of the sentence. For example, 'I cover the book' would be 'मैं किताब ढँकता हूँ' (main kitaab dhakta hoon) if the speaker is male, or 'मैं किताब ढँकती हूँ' (main kitaab dhakti hoon) if female. The past tense would change the verb form, such as 'मैंने किताब ढँक दी' (maine kitaab dhank di).
- Adding Purpose: "ताकि" (Taaki - So That)
- To explain *why* something is being covered, you can use the conjunction "ताकि" (taaki), meaning "so that." This allows you to connect the action of covering with its intended outcome. For instance, 'Cover the pot so that the food stays warm' would be 'बर्तन को ढँक दो ताकि खाना गरम रहे' (bartan ko dhank do taaki khaana garam rahe). This structure is very common for expressing purpose.
- Describing the Act of Covering: Adverbs and Adjectives
- You can add more detail by using adverbs to describe *how* the covering is done or adjectives to describe *what* is used for covering. For example, 'He carefully covered the fragile item' might be 'उसने सावधानी से नाज़ुक चीज़ को ढँक दिया' (usne saavdhani se naazuk cheez ko dhank diya). The adjective 'नाज़ुक' (naazuk - fragile) describes the item, and the adverb 'सावधानी से' (saavdhani se - carefully) describes the manner of covering.
- Passive Voice: When the Object is the Focus
- Sometimes, the focus is on the object being covered, rather than who is doing the covering. In such cases, the passive voice is used. The structure often involves the object followed by the past participle of the verb and 'जाना' (jaana). For example, 'The window was covered by the curtains' could be 'खिड़की पर्दों से ढँक गई' (khidki pardon se dhank gayi). This emphasizes the state of being covered.
कृपया प्लेट को ढँक दें ताकि खाना ठंडा न हो। (Kripya plate ko dhank dein taaki khaana thanda na ho.) Please cover the plate so that the food doesn't get cold.
बच्चे ने अपनी खिलौनों को चादर से ढँक दिया। (Bachche ne apni khilaunon ko chaadar se dhank diya.) The child covered his toys with a sheet.
पूरा कमरा सामान से ढँका हुआ था। (Poora kamra saamaan se dhanka hua tha.) The whole room was covered with things.
- In the Kitchen
- The kitchen is a prime location for hearing "ढँकना." When cooking, people constantly cover pots and pans to steam food, retain heat, or prevent splattering. You'll hear instructions like, 'सब्ज़ी को ढक कर पकाना' (sabzi ko dhak kar pakana - cook the vegetables by covering them) or 'ढक्कन लगा दो' (dhakkan laga do - put the lid on), where 'ढक्कन' (dhakkan) is the noun form of a lid used to cover. Even when storing leftovers, one might say, 'बचा हुआ खाना ढक दो' (bacha hua khaana dhak do - cover the leftover food).
- At Home - Daily Life
- Daily routines involve "ढँकना" frequently. Parents might tell children, 'अपने बिस्तर को चादर से ढक लो' (apne bistar ko chaadar se dhak lo - cover your bed with the sheet). When it gets cold, someone might say, 'मुझे रज़ाई से ढक दो' (mujhe razaai se dhak do - cover me with the quilt). Even simple acts like covering a hole in the garden with soil, 'गड्ढे को मिट्टी से ढक दो' (gadhe ko mitti se dhak do), use this verb. It's part of the fabric of everyday actions.
- Protecting from Elements
- When weather conditions require it, "ढँकना" becomes crucial. During rain, you might hear, 'गाड़ी को तिरपाल से ढक दो' (gaadi ko tirpal se dhak do - cover the car with a tarp). If there's a dust storm, people will cover windows and doors. In agricultural contexts, farmers cover crops to protect them from frost or excessive sun. This usage emphasizes the protective function of the verb.
- In Social Situations and Traditions
- While less common in direct conversation, the concept of covering can appear in social contexts. For instance, covering gifts before presentation implies a surprise element. In some traditional ceremonies or rituals, specific items might be covered for symbolic reasons. While the verb "ढँकना" might not be explicitly used in every instance, the underlying action is present and understood.
- In Media and Literature
- You'll find "ढँकना" in Hindi movies, TV shows, books, and news reports. A character might cover a secret, a reporter might describe a landscape covered in snow, or a narrator might detail a room filled with furniture that is covered. Its versatility makes it a common verb in descriptive writing and dialogue, reflecting its widespread use in spoken Hindi.
माँ ने कहा, "रात के खाने को ढक कर फ्रिज में रख दो।" (Maa ne kaha, "Raat ke khaane ko dhak kar fridge mein rakh do.") Mother said, "Cover the dinner and keep it in the fridge."
बारिश आ रही है, जल्दी से कपड़ों को ढक दो! (Baarish aa rahi hai, jaldi se kapdon ko dhak do!) It's raining, quickly cover the clothes!
- Confusing "ढँकना" with "छिपाना" (Chhipaana - To Hide)
- While "ढँकना" can involve concealment, it's not always about actively hiding something with intent. "छिपाना" (chhipaana) specifically means to hide, often implying a deliberate act to keep something secret or out of sight. "ढँकना" is more about the physical act of covering. For example, you cover a wound with a bandage (ढँकना), but you might hide a surprise gift (छिपाना). Using "ढँकना" when you mean "छिपाना" might imply a physical covering rather than active concealment.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Like any verb, "ढँकना" needs to be conjugated correctly based on the subject's gender and number, and the tense. A common mistake is using the masculine singular form for all subjects or tenses. For instance, saying 'मैं किताब ढँकती हूँ' (main kitaab dhakti hoon) when the speaker is male, or using 'मैंने किताब ढँका' (maine kitaab dhanka) for a completed action when 'मैंने किताब ढँक दी' (maine kitaab dhank di) is more appropriate. Pay close attention to these variations.
- Pronunciation Errors: The Nasalization
- The nasalization indicated by the 'ं' (anuswar) in "ढँकना" is often overlooked or mispronounced by learners. While it might not always be a strong 'n' sound, its absence or incorrect pronunciation can subtly alter the word. Learners might pronounce it as 'ढकना' (dhakna) without the nasal quality. Practicing with native speakers or audio resources is key to getting this right.
- Overuse or Underuse of "कर देना" (kar dena)
- While "ढँकना" is perfectly acceptable, "ढँक देना" (dhank dena) often adds a sense of completeness or finality to the action. Learners might either avoid "कर देना" altogether, making their sentences sound slightly less natural, or overuse it in situations where a simple "ढँकना" would suffice. Understanding the subtle difference in emphasis is important.
- Grammatical Errors with Passive Voice
- When using the passive voice, such as "ढँक जाना" (dhank jaana), learners might incorrectly form the past participle or auxiliary verb. For example, saying 'कमरा ढँका गया' (kamra dhanka gaya) instead of the more common 'कमरा ढँका हुआ था' (kamra dhanka hua tha - the room was covered) or 'कमरा ढँक गया' (kamra dhank gaya - the room got covered). Mastering the nuances of passive constructions is crucial.
Incorrect: मैंने अपना राज़ ढँका। (Maine apna raaz dhanka.)
Correct: मैंने अपना राज़ छिपाया। (Maine apna raaz chhipaya.) I hid my secret.
Incorrect: वह खाना ढँकता है। (Vah khaana dhakta hai.)
Correct: वह खाना ढँकती है। (Vah khaana dhakti hai.) She covers the food.
- "छिपाना" (Chhipaana) - To Hide
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Difference: While "ढँकना" is about the physical act of covering, "छिपाना" implies a deliberate intention to conceal or keep something secret. You cover a wound with a bandage (ढँकना), but you hide a valuable item from thieves (छिपाना).
Usage: Use "छिपाना" when the primary goal is secrecy or to prevent discovery.
Example: उसने पैसे अलमारी में छिपा दिए। (Usne paise almaari mein chhipa diye.) He hid the money in the cupboard.
- "आच्छादित करना" (Aachhadit Karna) - To Cover (Formal)
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Difference: "आच्छादित करना" is a more formal and literary synonym for "ढँकना." It often implies a more complete or extensive covering, such as a landscape being covered by snow or a surface being covered by a layer of dust.
Usage: You'll encounter this more in written Hindi, poetry, or formal speeches. It's less common in everyday spoken conversation.
Example: पहाड़ों को बर्फ़ ने आच्छादित कर दिया था। (Pahaadon ko barf ne aachhadit kar diya tha.) The mountains were covered by snow.
- "लपेटना" (Lapetna) - To Wrap
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Difference: "लपेटना" means to wrap something, usually by folding or coiling material around it. "ढँकना" is more about placing something over or on top. You wrap a gift in paper (लपेटना), but you cover a pot with a lid (ढँकना).
Usage: Use "लपेटना" when the action involves winding or folding material around an object.
Example: उसने बच्चे को कंबल में लपेट दिया। (Usne bachche ko kambal mein lapet diya.) She wrapped the child in a blanket.
- "बंद करना" (Band Karna) - To Close
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Difference: "बंद करना" means to close something, often a container, door, or window, to seal it off. While closing a container might involve covering it, the primary action is sealing. "ढँकना" is the act of placing a cover over something. You close a box (बंद करना), but you cover a bowl of soup (ढँकना).
Usage: Use "बंद करना" for sealing, shutting, or completing an enclosure.
Example: कृपया दरवाज़ा बंद कर दें। (Kripya darwaaza band kar dein.) Please close the door.
- "पर्दा डालना" (Parda Daalna) - To Cover (Figurative)
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Difference: This is a more figurative or idiomatic expression, often meaning to gloss over something, to hide the truth, or to create a diversion. It's not about physical covering in the same way as "ढँकना." A curtain (पर्दा) is used to cover a window, but "पर्दा डालना" can mean to obscure the facts.
Usage: Use this when discussing covering up mistakes, scandals, or inconvenient truths.
Example: सरकार ने घोटाले पर पर्दा डालने की कोशिश की। (Sarkaar ne ghotaale par parda daalne ki koshish ki.) The government tried to cover up the scandal.
ढँकना (Dhakna) vs. लपेटना (Lapetna): आप प्लेट को ढँक सकते हैं, लेकिन आप उपहार को लपेटते हैं। (Aap plate ko dhank sakte hain, lekin aap uphaar ko lapette hain.) You can cover a plate, but you wrap a gift.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The nasalization (the dot above) in 'ढँकना' is a crucial part of its pronunciation and meaning in Hindi. It differentiates it from similar-sounding words and adds a specific phonetic quality.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing 'ढ' (ḍh) as 'ध' (dh) or 'ड' (d).
- Omitting or mispronouncing the nasalization ('ं').
- Incorrect stress placement.
Difficulty Rating
The basic meaning is straightforward, but understanding figurative uses and nuances requires more context. The verb conjugation can also be challenging for beginners.
Applying the correct conjugation and choosing between 'dhakna', 'chhipaana', or other synonyms requires practice. Figurative use adds complexity.
Pronunciation of the nasal sound and correct conjugation are key. Using it naturally in conversation takes exposure and practice.
Recognizing the word and understanding its meaning from context is generally achievable, but distinguishing subtle differences from similar verbs can be difficult.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Verb Conjugation (Present Tense)
मैं (पुरुष) खाना ढँकता हूँ। (Main khaana dhakta hoon.)
Verb Conjugation (Past Tense)
मैंने (स्त्री) किताब ढँक दी। (Maine kitaab dhank di.)
Passive Voice
कमरा ढँका हुआ था। (Kamra dhanka hua tha.)
Imperative Mood
ढँक दो! (Dhank do!)
Use of Postpositions
चादर से ढँक दिया। (Chaadar se dhank diya.)
Examples by Level
किताब ढँक दो।
Cover the book.
Imperative form of 'dhakna'.
कमरा ढँका हुआ है।
The room is covered.
Passive voice, state of being covered.
मुझे ढक दो।
Cover me.
Direct object pronoun 'mujhe'.
बर्तन ढँक दो।
Cover the pot.
Imperative, common in kitchen context.
धूल से ढँका।
Covered with dust.
Past participle used adjectivally.
चादर से ढँकना।
To cover with a sheet.
Infinitive form with preposition.
मैंने ढँक दिया।
I covered it.
Past tense, perfective aspect.
सब कुछ ढँक गया।
Everything got covered.
Passive voice using 'jaana'.
कृपया प्लेट को ढक दें ताकि खाना गरम रहे।
Please cover the plate so that the food stays warm.
Use of 'kripya' (please) and 'taaki' (so that).
उसने अपने चेहरे को हाथ से ढक लिया।
He covered his face with his hand.
Reflexive pronoun 'apne' and preposition 'se'.
यह कपड़ा खिड़की को ढकने के लिए है।
This cloth is for covering the window.
Purpose clause with 'ke liye'.
बारिश से बचने के लिए, हमने टेंट को ढक दिया।
To protect from the rain, we covered the tent.
Purpose clause with 'se bachne ke liye'.
पुराना मक़बरा खंडहरों से ढका हुआ था।
The old tomb was covered by ruins.
Passive voice, descriptive.
रात को बिस्तर को चादर से ढँकना चाहिए।
One should cover the bed with a sheet at night.
Modal verb 'chahiye' (should).
उसने जल्दी से तोहफ़े को कपड़े से ढँक दिया।
He quickly covered the gift with a cloth.
Adverb 'jaldi se' (quickly).
क्या आपने दरवाज़े को ढँक दिया? मुझे ठंड लग रही है।
Did you cover the door? I am feeling cold.
Question in past tense, expressing a reason.
कोहरे ने पूरे शहर को ढक लिया था, जिससे दृश्यता बहुत कम हो गई थी।
The fog had covered the entire city, greatly reducing visibility.
Figurative use, past perfect tense.
उसने अपने इरादों को इस तरह से ढँका कि किसी को शक नहीं हुआ।
He covered his intentions in such a way that no one suspected.
Figurative use, implying skillful concealment.
ज़मीन पर गिरी हुई पत्तियों को हवा ने ढक दिया था।
The fallen leaves on the ground had been covered by the wind.
Passive voice, descriptive of natural phenomena.
बच्चों ने अपनी माँ के लिए एक सरप्राइज पार्टी को बड़ी चतुराई से ढँका।
The children cleverly covered up a surprise party for their mother.
Use of adverb 'chaturai se' (cleverly) with figurative meaning.
इस पुराने ज़माने के चित्र में, प्रकृति ने खंडहरों को धीरे-धीरे ढक लिया है।
In this ancient painting, nature has gradually covered the ruins.
Figurative language, descriptive of time's effect.
उसने अपनी गलती को छिपाने के लिए कई बहाने गढ़े, लेकिन अंततः सच सामने आ ही गया।
He fabricated many excuses to cover up his mistake, but eventually the truth came out.
Using "ढँकना" in the context of covering up a mistake (often implied).
भूकंप के बाद, मलबे ने पूरे इलाके को ढक लिया था।
After the earthquake, debris had covered the entire area.
Describing a large-scale covering event.
उसने अपनी उदासी को मुस्कान के पीछे ढँक रखा था।
She had covered her sadness behind a smile.
Figurative use of covering emotions.
कंपनी ने वित्तीय अनियमितताओं को छुपाने के लिए ऑडिट रिपोर्ट को चतुराई से ढँक दिया।
The company cleverly covered the audit report to hide financial irregularities.
Formal context, financial irregularities, figurative covering.
इतिहास के पन्नों ने अनगिनत ऐसी कहानियों को ढँक रखा है जिन्हें कभी सुनाया नहीं गया।
The pages of history have covered countless stories that were never told.
Metaphorical use of covering forgotten histories.
उसकी कलाकृतियाँ अक्सर समाज की कड़वी सच्चाईयों को एक खूबसूरत पर्दे के पीछे ढँक देती हैं।
His artworks often cover the bitter truths of society behind a beautiful facade.
Artistic interpretation of covering societal issues.
वैज्ञानिकों ने नए निष्कर्षों को सार्वजनिक करने से पहले, उन्हें व्यापक शोध से ढकने का फैसला किया।
Scientists decided to cover the new findings with extensive research before making them public.
Formal decision-making process involving covering findings.
राजनीतिक गलियारों में, सत्य को अक्सर कूटनीति के पर्दे से ढँक दिया जाता है।
In political corridors, truth is often covered by a veil of diplomacy.
Figurative use in political discourse.
उसने अपने असुरक्षित बचपन की यादों को एक मज़बूत व्यक्तित्व के पीछे ढँक लिया था।
He had covered his insecure childhood memories behind a strong personality.
Psychological covering of past trauma.
प्राकृतिक आपदाओं के बाद, बचाव दल ने मलबे को ढकने और प्रभावितों को निकालने के लिए अथक प्रयास किए।
After natural disasters, rescue teams worked tirelessly to cover the debris and evacuate the affected.
Practical action of covering debris for safety/access.
मीडिया ने घटना की भयावहता को कम करने के लिए ख़बरों को इस तरह से ढँका कि जनता को पूरी सच्चाई का अंदाज़ा नहीं हुआ।
The media covered the news in such a way as to downplay the horror of the incident, so the public did not realize the full truth.
Media manipulation and covering up facts.
उसकी कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति का उद्देश्य अक्सर समाज की सतही सुंदरता के नीचे छिपी वास्तविकताओं को ढँकना होता है।
His artistic expression often aims to cover the realities hidden beneath society's superficial beauty.
Complex figurative language, artistic intent.
ज्ञान की खोज में, हमें अक्सर उन पूर्वाग्रहों को ढकना पड़ता है जो हमारे दृष्टिकोण को धूमिल कर सकते हैं।
In the pursuit of knowledge, we often have to cover the biases that can cloud our perspective.
Philosophical/intellectual covering of biases.
साम्राज्यवादी शक्तियों ने अक्सर अपनी विजयों को 'सभ्यता फैलाने' के आवरण तले ढँक दिया।
Imperial powers often covered their conquests under the guise of 'spreading civilization'.
Historical analysis, covering negative actions with positive justifications.
उसकी लेखन शैली में, वह शब्दों के जाल से जटिल भावनाओं को इस तरह ढँक देता है कि पाठक स्वयं अर्थ खोजने पर मजबूर हो जाता है।
In his writing style, he covers complex emotions with a web of words, forcing the reader to find the meaning themselves.
Literary analysis, covering emotions through language.
राष्ट्र की आर्थिक स्थिति को सुधारने के दावों के बावजूद, जमीनी हकीकत गरीबी और बेरोजगारी के एक गहरे पर्दे से ढँकी हुई थी।
Despite claims of improving the nation's economic situation, the ground reality was covered by a deep veil of poverty and unemployment.
Socio-economic commentary, metaphorical covering.
अतीत की गलतियों को केवल माफी माँगकर नहीं ढँका जा सकता; कर्मों से प्रायश्चित करना आवश्यक है।
Past mistakes cannot be covered merely by apologizing; atonement through actions is necessary.
Ethical/moral context, covering mistakes through actions.
वैज्ञानिक प्रगति के बावजूद, प्रकृति के कई रहस्य अभी भी हमारे ज्ञान की पहुँच से ढँके हुए हैं।
Despite scientific progress, many mysteries of nature remain covered from our reach of knowledge.
Metaphorical covering of natural mysteries.
उसने अपने व्यक्तिगत संघर्षों को एक मुखौटे के पीछे ढँक रखा था, जो दुनिया को उसकी आंतरिक शांति का भ्रम देता था।
He had covered his personal struggles behind a mask, which gave the world an illusion of his inner peace.
Psychological covering, creating a false appearance.
अस्तित्ववादी दर्शन में, व्यक्ति अक्सर अपनी नश्वरता और अर्थहीनता की अंतर्निहित भयावहता को विभिन्न सामाजिक संरचनाओं और गतिविधियों के आवरण तले ढकने का प्रयास करता है।
In existential philosophy, the individual often attempts to cover the inherent dread of their mortality and meaninglessness under the guise of various social structures and activities.
Complex philosophical concept, abstract covering.
सांस्कृतिक विमर्श में, राष्ट्रीय पहचान को अक्सर ऐतिहासिक विवादों और आंतरिक विभाजनों को ढकने के एक उपकरण के रूप में उपयोग किया जाता है।
In cultural discourse, national identity is often used as a tool to cover historical controversies and internal divisions.
Sociopolitical analysis, using identity to cover historical issues.
कला और साहित्य में, कलाकार कभी-कभी मानवीय अनुभव की जटिलताओं को सीधे संबोधित करने के बजाय, प्रतीकात्मकता के सूक्ष्म आवरण के पीछे ढक देते हैं।
In art and literature, artists sometimes cover the complexities of human experience behind subtle veils of symbolism rather than addressing them directly.
Artistic technique, abstract covering of complex themes.
न्यायिक प्रणाली में, कुछ मामलों को सार्वजनिक जांच से बचाने के लिए 'राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा' के पर्दे से ढकने की प्रवृत्ति देखी जाती है।
In the judicial system, there is a tendency to cover certain cases with the veil of 'national security' to protect them from public scrutiny.
Legal and political context, using 'national security' as a cover.
चेतना के गहनतम स्तरों पर, आत्म-धोखे की प्रक्रिया वह जटिल तंत्र है जिसके द्वारा हम अपनी अचेतन इच्छाओं और भयों को ढकते हैं।
At the deepest levels of consciousness, the process of self-deception is the complex mechanism by which we cover our unconscious desires and fears.
Psychological terminology, abstract covering of subconscious elements.
वैज्ञानिक अनुसंधान के क्षेत्र में, डेटा को हेरफेर करने की संभावना एक गंभीर नैतिक चिंता है, जहाँ परिणाम को वांछित निष्कर्षों के अनुरूप ढँकने का प्रयास किया जा सकता है।
In the field of scientific research, the possibility of data manipulation is a serious ethical concern, where results can be attempted to be covered to align with desired conclusions.
Scientific ethics, covering up or manipulating results.
वैश्विक कूटनीति में, अक्सर राष्ट्र अपने स्वयं के रणनीतिक हितों को 'अंतर्राष्ट्रीय सहयोग' के एक व्यापक आवरण के नीचे ढक देते हैं।
In global diplomacy, nations often cover their own strategic interests under the broad umbrella of 'international cooperation'.
Geopolitical analysis, strategic covering of national interests.
साहित्यिक आलोचना में, लेखक की व्यक्तिगत जीवन की त्रासदियों को उसके साहित्यिक कार्यों के माध्यम से एक कलात्मक आवरण के नीचे ढकने की प्रवृत्ति की जाँच की जाती है।
In literary criticism, the tendency of authors to cover the tragedies of their personal lives under an artistic veil through their literary works is examined.
Literary criticism, covering personal life through art.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To keep something covered. This emphasizes the state of being covered and maintained.
खाना हमेशा ढक कर रखो। (Khaana hamesha dhak kar rakho.) Always keep the food covered.
— To cover something completely or with finality. It often implies a more definitive action than just 'dhakna'.
उसने जल्दी से चादर ढँक दी। (Usne jaldi se chaadar dhank di.) He quickly covered with the sheet.
— Covered. This is the past participle used as an adjective, describing the state of something.
टेबल ढँका हुआ है। (Table dhanka hua hai.) The table is covered.
— To become covered, often passively or by natural forces. It implies the process of getting covered.
पूरा मैदान ओस से ढँक गया। (Poora maidaan os se dhank gaya.) The whole field got covered with dew.
— For the purpose of covering.
यह कपड़ा ढँकने के लिए है। (Yah kapda dhakne ke liye hai.) This cloth is for covering.
— The act or task of covering.
यह ढँकने का काम जल्दी खत्म हो जाएगा। (Yah dhakne ka kaam jaldi khatm ho jaayega.) This task of covering will finish soon.
— To cook by covering the pot or pan.
सब्ज़ी को ढँक कर पकाओ। (Sabzi ko dhak kar pakao.) Cook the vegetables by covering.
— The need to cover.
इस बर्तन को ढँकने की ज़रूरत है। (Is bartan ko dhakne ki zaroorat hai.) This pot needs to be covered.
— To forget to cover.
मैं खाना ढँकना भूल गया। (Main khaana dhakna bhool gaya.) I forgot to cover the food.
— To try to cover.
वह अपनी गलती को ढँकने की कोशिश कर रहा था। (Vah apni galti ko dhakne ki koshish kar raha tha.) He was trying to cover his mistake.
Often Confused With
'Dhakna' is about the physical act of covering, while 'chhipaana' implies deliberate concealment or hiding, often with the intent of secrecy. You 'dhakna' a wound with a bandage, but 'chhipaana' a secret.
'Dhakna' is placing something over, whereas 'lapetna' is wrapping something around. You 'dhakna' a pot with a lid, but 'lapetna' a gift in paper.
This is a more formal and literary synonym for 'dhakna', often used for large-scale covering like landscapes by snow or dust. It's less common in casual speech.
Idioms & Expressions
— To cover one's eyes, often due to sadness, disbelief, or to avoid seeing something unpleasant.
यह खबर सुनकर उसने अपनी आँखें ढक लीं। (Yah khabar sunkar usne apni aankhein dhak li.) Hearing this news, she covered her eyes.
neutral— To cover up, to conceal the truth, to gloss over a scandal or mistake.
सरकार ने घोटाले पर पर्दा डालने की कोशिश की। (Sarkaar ne ghotaale par parda daalne ki koshish ki.) The government tried to cover up the scandal.
figurative— To hide the truth, to conceal facts.
वह हमेशा सच को अपनी बातों से ढँकता है। (Vah hamesha sach ko apni baaton se dhakta hai.) He always covers the truth with his words.
figurative— To cover one's head, often done for respect, humility, or in certain religious contexts. It can also imply protecting oneself.
मंदिर में जाते समय अपना सिर ढँक लेना चाहिए। (Mandir mein jaate samay apna sir dhank lena chahiye.) One should cover their head when going to the temple.
cultural/religious— To cover everything, implying complete coverage or overwhelming presence.
तूफान के बाद, रेत ने सब कुछ ढँक दिया था। (Toofaan ke baad, ret ne sab kuch dhank diya tha.) After the storm, sand had covered everything.
neutral— To be covered by darkness, often implying a period of hardship, ignorance, or despair.
दुख के समय, उम्मीदें अंधेरे से ढँक जाती हैं। (Dukh ke samay, ummeedein andhere se dhank jaati hain.) In times of sorrow, hopes get covered by darkness.
figurative— To cover something with a veil or facade, implying concealment of true nature.
उसने अपनी असली भावनाओं को आवरण में ढँक रखा था। (Usne apni asli bhavnaon ko aavaran mein dhank rakha tha.) She had covered her true feelings in a veil.
literary/figurative— To cover the floor, usually with a carpet, rug, or mat.
हमने कमरे के फर्श को एक सुंदर गलीचे से ढँक दिया। (Humne kamre ke farsh ko ek sundar galeeche se dhank diya.) We covered the floor of the room with a beautiful carpet.
household— To cover with a net, often for protection or to trap something.
मछलियों को पकड़ने के लिए उन्होंने नदी को जाल से ढँक दिया। (Machhliyon ko pakadne ke liye unhone nadi ko jaal se dhank diya.) They covered the river with a net to catch fish.
practical/fishing— The veil of time, implying that time obscures or covers past events.
समय के पर्दे में बहुत सी बातें दबी रह जाती हैं। (Samay ke parde mein bahut si baatein dabi reh jaati hain.) Many things remain buried under the veil of time.
literary/figurativeEasily Confused
Both 'dhakna' and 'chhipaana' can involve making something not visible.
'Dhakna' is the physical act of placing something over an object. 'Chhipaana' is about intent to conceal, often secretly. You 'dhakna' a wound to protect it, but you 'chhipaana' a treasure to keep it safe from others.
उसने अपनी गलती को <mark>ढँक</mark> दिया। (He covered his mistake - perhaps with excuses, a physical covering is implied if used this way). vs. उसने अपना राज़ <mark>छिपा</mark> लिया। (He hid his secret - emphasis on secrecy).
Both actions result in something being enclosed.
'Dhakna' is to cover from above or in front. 'Lapetna' is to wrap around, coil, or fold material about something. You 'dhakna' a pot with a lid, but you 'lapetna' a baby in a blanket.
मैंने उपहार को <mark>ढँक</mark> दिया। (I covered the gift - perhaps with a cloth). vs. मैंने उपहार को कागज़ में <mark>लपेट</mark> दिया। (I wrapped the gift in paper).
Both can imply sealing or enclosing.
'Dhakna' is the act of placing a cover. 'Band karna' is to close, shut, or seal. You 'dhakna' a bowl of soup, but you 'band karna' the container it's in.
कटोरे को <mark>ढँक</mark> दो। (Cover the bowl.) vs. डिब्बे को <mark>बंद</mark> कर दो। (Close the box.)
Both mean 'to cover'.
'Dhakna' is the common, everyday word. 'Aachhadit karna' is more formal and literary, often used for extensive or complete covering by natural elements like snow, fog, or vegetation.
पहाड़ <mark>ढँके</mark> हुए थे। (The mountains were covered - general). vs. पहाड़ बर्फ़ से <mark>आच्छादित</mark> थे। (The mountains were covered with snow - more formal/descriptive).
Both can relate to concealment.
'Dhakna' is literal covering. 'Parda daalna' is an idiom meaning to cover up the truth, hide a scandal, or gloss over something.
उसने सच को <mark>ढँक</mark> दिया। (He covered the truth - could be literal or figurative). vs. उसने घोटाले पर <mark>पर्दा</mark> डाल दिया। (He covered up the scandal - idiomatically).
Sentence Patterns
Object + Verb (Imperative)
किताब <mark>ढँक</mark> दो। (Kitaab <mark>dhank</mark> do.)
Subject + Object + Verb (Present Tense)
मैं खाना <mark>ढँकता</mark> हूँ। (Main khaana <mark>dhakta</mark> hoon.)
Object + 'taaki' + Clause
बर्तन <mark>ढँक</mark> दो <mark>ताकि</mark> गरम रहे। (Bartan <mark>dhank</mark> do <mark>taaki</mark> garam rahe.)
Object + 'se' + Verb (Past Tense)
उसने चादर <mark>से</mark> <mark>ढँक</mark> दिया। (Usne chaadar <mark>se</mark> <mark>dhank</mark> diya.)
Subject + Object + 'ko' + Verb (Past Tense)
उसने अपने इरादों <mark>को</mark> <mark>ढँक</mark> लिया। (Usne apne iraadon <mark>ko</mark> <mark>dhank</mark> liya.)
Object + 'dhanka hua' (Adjective Phrase)
ज़मीन <mark>ढँकी हुई</mark> थी। (Zameen <mark>dhanki hui</mark> thi.)
Subject + Object + 'ko' + 'chaturai se' + Verb (Past Tense)
उसने चतुराई <mark>से</mark> सच <mark>को</mark> <mark>ढँक</mark> दिया। (Usne chaturai <mark>se</mark> sach <mark>ko</mark> <mark>dhank</mark> diya.)
Subject + 'ke aavaran tale' + Verb (Figurative)
उसने अपनी भावनाओं को <mark>आवरण के तले</mark> <mark>ढँक</mark> रखा था। (Usne apni bhavnaon ko <mark>aavaran ke tale</mark> <mark>dhank</mark> rakha tha.)
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Very common in everyday Hindi.
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Confusing 'ढँकना' with 'छिपाना'
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Use 'ढँकना' for physical covering and 'छिपाना' for deliberate concealment.
'Dhakna' is about the action of placing a cover, while 'chhipaana' implies intent to hide something from view or knowledge. For example, 'ढँकना' a wound vs. 'छिपाना' a secret.
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Incorrect verb conjugation (gender/tense)
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Ensure the verb form matches the subject's gender and number, and the tense of the sentence.
For instance, a male speaker present tense is 'ढँकता हूँ', while a female speaker uses 'ढँकती हूँ'. Past tense forms also vary.
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Mispronouncing the 'ढ' sound
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Pronounce 'ढ' as an aspirated voiced retroflex stop.
It's not just 'd' or 'dh'. Listen to native speakers and practice the distinct 'ḍh' sound.
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Ignoring the nasalization ('ं')
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Pronounce the nasalization subtly, affecting the vowel sound.
The dot above the 'ढ' indicates nasalization. Omitting it can make the word sound different and less authentic.
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Using 'ढँकना' when 'लपेटना' is more appropriate
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Use 'लपेटना' for wrapping and 'ढँकना' for covering.
'Dhakna' is placing something over, whereas 'lapetna' is coiling or folding material around something. You 'dhakna' a pot but 'lapetna' a gift.
Tips
Master the 'ढ' sound
The 'ढ' in 'ढँकना' is an aspirated voiced retroflex stop. Practice saying 'da' and then add a strong puff of air. Listen to native speakers to get the sound right. Also, don't forget the nasalization (the dot above) which subtly affects the vowel.
Conjugation is Key
Remember that 'ढँकना' conjugates based on the subject's gender and number, and the tense. Pay attention to forms like 'ढँकता हूँ' (male, present), 'ढँकती हूँ' (female, present), 'ढँक दिया' (past), and 'ढँका हुआ' (covered).
Context is Crucial
The exact meaning of 'ढँकना' can vary. Is it for protection, concealment, or just a routine action? The context will tell you. Also, be aware of related words like 'छिपाना' (to hide) and 'लपेटना' (to wrap).
Literal vs. Figurative
While 'ढँकना' is often used literally (covering a pot), it also has figurative uses, like 'covering up the truth' (सच को ढँकना) or 'covering emotions' (भावनाओं को ढँकना). Practice recognizing these different uses.
Visual Association
Create a mental image: imagine a thick blanket ('dhank') used to cover yourself. Or picture a lid being placed on a pot with a satisfying 'thunk'. Linking the word to a strong visual can aid recall.
Use it in Sentences
The best way to learn is to use the word. Try to create your own sentences using 'ढँकना' in different contexts – describing cooking, daily routines, or even abstract ideas.
Root Meaning
The word comes from Sanskrit 'dhak', meaning to cover or conceal. Remembering this root can help you understand its core meaning and its relationship to similar words.
Cultural Significance
In Indian culture, covering is often linked to respect (covering heads in temples) and hygiene (covering food). Understanding these cultural practices can deepen your appreciation for the word's usage.
Know Your Synonyms
Be aware of similar words like 'छिपाना' (to hide), 'लपेटना' (to wrap), and 'आच्छादित करना' (to cover, formal). Understanding their differences will help you choose the most appropriate word.
Avoid Common Pitfalls
Be careful not to confuse 'dhakna' with 'chhipaana' or 'lapetna'. Also, ensure correct verb conjugation and pronunciation, especially the 'dh' sound and nasalization.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a 'Dhank' (like a thick, dark blanket) that you use to 'dhakna' (cover) your bed. The 'dhank' covers everything! Or, think of a 'duck' wearing a hat to 'dhakna' (cover) its head.
Visual Association
Picture a pot with a lid being placed on it, or a person pulling a blanket up to their chin. Visualize the action of covering. Also, imagine a thick, dark blanket called a 'Dhank'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'dhakna' in five different sentences today, focusing on different contexts like covering food, covering yourself, or covering an object. Also, try to use its noun form 'dhakkan' (lid) in a sentence.
Word Origin
The word 'dhakna' originates from the Sanskrit root 'dhak' (or 'dhakṣ'), which means to cover, conceal, or hide. This root is common across many Indo-Aryan languages.
Original meaning: To cover, conceal, or hide.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)Cultural Context
The act of covering can sometimes be linked to modesty and privacy. For instance, covering one's body is a matter of cultural and personal modesty. In certain contexts, covering something might be seen as hiding it, which could have negative connotations if it involves deception.
While English has many words for 'cover' (cover, hide, conceal, wrap, shield, drape), 'dhakna' is a single, versatile verb that encompasses many of these nuances in Hindi, particularly the physical act of placing something over another.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Kitchen and Cooking
- बर्तन ढक दो।
- खाना ढक कर रखो।
- ढक्कन लगा दो।
Household Chores
- बिस्तर ढक लो।
- कमरा ढक दो।
- सब कुछ ढक दो।
Protection from Weather/Elements
- गाड़ी को ढक दो।
- फसल को ढकना ज़रूरी है।
- बारिश से ढक लो।
Personal Comfort/Health
- मुझे रज़ाई से ढक दो।
- मुँह ढक लो।
- शरीर को ढक कर रखो।
Figurative Language (Hiding/Concealing)
- सच को मत ढँको।
- उसने अपनी भावनाएं ढँक लीं।
- यह बात पर्दों में ढँकी हुई है।
Conversation Starters
"क्या आपने आज सुबह अपना नाश्ता ढँका था?"
"घर में ऐसी कौन सी चीज़ है जिसे आप अक्सर ढक कर रखते हैं?"
"जब बारिश होती है, तो आप किन चीज़ों को ढकते हैं?"
"क्या आप किसी ऐसी स्थिति के बारे में बता सकते हैं जहाँ आपको कुछ ढकना पड़ा हो?"
"क्या आप सोते समय अपने बिस्तर को पूरी तरह से ढकते हैं?"
Journal Prompts
आज आपने किन-किन चीज़ों को ढँका? उनके पीछे क्या कारण थे?
क्या कोई ऐसी चीज़ है जिसे आप 'ढँकना' चाहते हैं लेकिन ढँक नहीं पा रहे हैं? उसके बारे में लिखें।
सोचिए कि अगर दुनिया में 'ढँकने' की क्रिया न होती तो क्या होता।
किसी ऐसे अनुभव के बारे में लिखें जहाँ आपको किसी चीज़ को 'ढँकना' पड़ा हो, चाहे वह शारीरिक हो या भावनात्मक।
क्या 'ढँकना' कभी-कभी 'छिपाने' से अलग होता है? अपने विचार व्यक्त करें।
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe basic meaning of 'ढँकना' (dhakna) is 'to cover'. This can be a physical action like putting a lid on a pot, covering yourself with a blanket, or covering an object to protect it or hide it.
People use 'ढँकना' in many everyday situations: in the kitchen (covering food), at home (covering beds, furniture), for protection (covering plants from frost), and even figuratively (covering up mistakes or emotions).
'ढँकना' is about the physical act of covering something. 'छिपाना' means to hide something deliberately, often with the intent of secrecy. For example, you 'ढँकना' a wound with a bandage, but you 'छिपाना' a secret.
The pronunciation is 'dhak-na'. Pay attention to the aspirated 'dh' sound (like 'd' with a puff of air) and the nasalization indicated by the dot above the 'ढ', which adds a subtle nasal quality to the vowel. Stress is usually on the first syllable: ढँक (DHANK)-ना.
The most common noun related to 'ढँकना' is 'ढक्कन' (dhakkan), which means 'lid'. It's used for covering pots, containers, etc.
Yes, 'ढँकना' can be used figuratively. For example, 'सच को ढँकना' (sach ko dhakna) means to cover up the truth, and 'भावनाओं को ढँकना' (bhavnaon ko dhakna) means to cover up one's emotions.
'ढँकना' conjugates like other Hindi verbs. The form changes based on the subject's gender and number, and the tense. For example, 'ढँकता हूँ' (male speaker, present), 'ढँकती हूँ' (female speaker, present), 'ढँक दिया' (past tense).
Common phrases include 'ढँक कर रखना' (to keep covered), 'ढँक देना' (to cover completely), 'ढँका हुआ' (covered), and 'ढँक जाना' (to become covered).
Yes, 'आच्छादित करना' (aachhadit karna) is a more formal and literary term for 'to cover', often used for large-scale covering like landscapes.
The direct opposite of 'ढँकना' is 'खोलना' (kholna), meaning 'to open' or 'to uncover'. Other opposites in meaning include 'उजागर करना' (ujagar karna - to reveal) and 'छिपाना' (chhipaana - to hide, in the sense of revealing).
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Summary
The Hindi verb "ढँकना" (dhakna) means to cover. It's used for physical covering (like a lid on a pot, a blanket on a bed) and also figuratively to conceal or hide something, such as emotions or truths. Pay attention to its conjugation and the context to understand its precise meaning.
- To cover something, often for protection or concealment.
- Used for everyday actions like covering food or beds.
- Can be used figuratively to hide emotions or truths.
- Conjugates based on gender, number, and tense.
Master the 'ढ' sound
The 'ढ' in 'ढँकना' is an aspirated voiced retroflex stop. Practice saying 'da' and then add a strong puff of air. Listen to native speakers to get the sound right. Also, don't forget the nasalization (the dot above) which subtly affects the vowel.
Conjugation is Key
Remember that 'ढँकना' conjugates based on the subject's gender and number, and the tense. Pay attention to forms like 'ढँकता हूँ' (male, present), 'ढँकती हूँ' (female, present), 'ढँक दिया' (past), and 'ढँका हुआ' (covered).
Context is Crucial
The exact meaning of 'ढँकना' can vary. Is it for protection, concealment, or just a routine action? The context will tell you. Also, be aware of related words like 'छिपाना' (to hide) and 'लपेटना' (to wrap).
Literal vs. Figurative
While 'ढँकना' is often used literally (covering a pot), it also has figurative uses, like 'covering up the truth' (सच को ढँकना) or 'covering emotions' (भावनाओं को ढँकना). Practice recognizing these different uses.
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More daily_life words
आभूषण
B2Jewelry; personal ornaments, such as necklaces, rings, or bracelets.
आजकल
A2At the present time, in contrast with the past.
आँखें
A2Eyes; the organs of sight.
आखिर में
B1Finally, after a long time, typically when there has been difficulty.
आलमारी
B1Cupboard/Wardrobe; a cabinet with shelves or a tall piece of furniture for clothes.
आराम करना
A1To rest
आत्मनिर्भर होना
B1To be self-reliant; to be independent.
आठवां
B2Eighth; constituting number eight in a sequence.
आधी रात
A2Midnight.
आवश्यक होना
B2To be necessary, essential, or required.
