연쇄반응 in 30 Seconds
- A chain reaction where one event triggers a series of others.
- Used in science (nuclear fission) and social/economic contexts.
- Like falling dominoes, one cause leads to many effects.
- Emphasizes cascading or escalating consequences.
The Korean word 연쇄반응 (yeonswaebaneung) is a noun that directly translates to 'chain reaction'. It describes a series of events where each event triggers the next, creating a cascading effect. This term is versatile and can be applied in various contexts, from scientific and technical fields to social, economic, and even personal situations.
- Scientific Context
- In physics and chemistry, 연쇄반응 refers to a process where a single event triggers a series of similar events. A classic example is nuclear fission, where the splitting of an atom releases neutrons that cause other atoms to split, leading to a self-sustaining reaction. This can also be observed in chemical reactions where the product of one reaction initiates the next.
- Social and Economic Context
- Beyond science, 연쇄반응 is frequently used to describe how one event can lead to a series of consequences in society or the economy. For instance, a small economic downturn might trigger job losses, which then leads to reduced consumer spending, further exacerbating the economic problems. In social contexts, a rumor might spread rapidly, causing panic or misunderstanding, creating a social 연쇄반응.
- Personal and Psychological Context
- On a personal level, 연쇄반응 can describe a series of emotional or behavioral responses. A small success might boost confidence, leading to more effort and further achievements, creating a positive 연쇄반응. Conversely, a negative experience might lead to discouragement, avoidance, and a downward spiral.
This small incident could trigger a 연쇄반응 of political instability.
Using 연쇄반응 effectively in sentences requires understanding its multifaceted nature. It can be used as the subject, object, or part of a descriptive phrase. The context will usually clarify whether you are referring to a literal scientific process or a metaphorical sequence of events.
Subject of a Sentence
When 연쇄반응 is the subject, it performs the action or is the topic of discussion. This often emphasizes the initiating event and its subsequent consequences.
- Example 1
- 원자력 발전소의 작은 고장이 핵 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있습니다. (A small malfunction at the nuclear power plant can cause a nuclear chain reaction.)
- Example 2
- 그의 비판은 동료들 사이에서 부정적인 연쇄반응을 불러일으켰다. (His criticism caused a negative chain reaction among his colleagues.)
Object of a Sentence
As an object, 연쇄반응 is the recipient of an action, often being triggered, prevented, or observed.
- Example 1
- 과학자들은 핵 연쇄반응을 제어하는 방법을 연구하고 있습니다. (Scientists are studying how to control nuclear chain reactions.)
- Example 2
- 우리는 그 사건이 일으킬 수 있는 연쇄반응을 막기 위해 노력했다. (We tried to prevent the chain reaction that event could cause.)
Part of a Descriptive Phrase
연쇄반응 can be modified by adjectives or used in phrases to provide more specific descriptions.
- Example 1
- 경제 위기는 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 야기했다. (The economic crisis caused an unexpected chain reaction.)
- Example 2
- 긍정적인 피드백은 직원들에게 연쇄반응처럼 동기 부여가 되었다. (Positive feedback motivated the employees like a chain reaction.)
Verbs Commonly Used With 연쇄반응
Understanding which verbs pair well with 연쇄반응 is crucial for natural usage.
- 일으키다 (ireukida - to cause, to trigger)
- This is one of the most common verbs used with 연쇄반응, indicating that something initiated the chain reaction. Example: 사건이 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (The incident caused an unexpected chain reaction.)
- 불러일으키다 (bulleoirukida - to stir up, to provoke)
- Similar to 일으키다, but can imply a more active or provocative initiation. Example: 그의 발언은 사회적 논란의 연쇄반응을 불러일으켰다. (His remarks provoked a chain reaction of social controversy.)
- 막다 (makda - to block, to prevent)
- Used when trying to stop a chain reaction from happening or continuing. Example: 정부는 경제 붕괴의 연쇄반응을 막기 위해 노력했다. (The government strived to prevent the chain reaction of economic collapse.)
- 관찰하다 (gwanchalhada - to observe)
- Used when discussing the study or monitoring of chain reactions. Example: 과학자들은 핵분열 연쇄반응을 면밀히 관찰했다. (Scientists closely observed the nuclear fission chain reaction.)
The term 연쇄반응 is not confined to academic or specialized fields; it's a common expression used in everyday Korean discourse, particularly when discussing events with significant ripple effects.
News and Current Events
News reports frequently employ 연쇄반응 to describe the cascading consequences of political decisions, economic shifts, or social incidents. For example, a report on a new government policy might discuss the 연쇄반응 it has on various industries, employment rates, and consumer behavior. Similarly, an international event could be described as triggering a 연쇄반응 of diplomatic and economic changes globally.
The recent stock market crash led to a 연쇄반응 in other financial markets.
Documentaries and Educational Programs
In educational content, especially documentaries covering science, history, or sociology, 연쇄반응 is used to explain complex processes. A documentary about the environment might describe how deforestation can cause a 연쇄반응 of soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and climate change. Historical documentaries might explain how a single event, like an assassination, triggered a 연쇄반응 of alliances and conflicts leading to war.
Academic Discussions and Lectures
In academic settings, professors and students use 연쇄반응 to analyze theories and research findings. For instance, in sociology, it might be used to discuss how social media trends can create a 연쇄반응 in public opinion. In economics, it could describe the impact of inflation on wages and prices, leading to further economic adjustments.
- Example in a Lecture
- 오늘날 우리는 정보 기술의 발달로 인한 연쇄반응의 시대를 살고 있습니다. (Today, we are living in an era of chain reactions brought about by the development of information technology.)
Everyday Conversations
While less formal, people might use 연쇄반응 to describe personal experiences or observed social phenomena. For example, someone might say that a small misunderstanding at work led to a 연쇄반응 of strained relationships among colleagues. Or, discussing a popular trend, they might remark on the 연쇄반응 of people adopting it.
That one small mistake created a whole 연쇄반응 of problems.
While 연쇄반응 is a useful term, learners might make certain mistakes in its usage. These often stem from oversimplification or misapplication of the concept.
1. Overusing it for any sequence of events
Mistake: Using 연쇄반응 for any simple sequence of two or three events. The term implies a cascading, often escalating, effect where each event significantly influences the next, rather than just a linear progression.
- Incorrect Usage
- 아침에 일어나서 밥 먹고 학교 갔어요. 이것은 연쇄반응이에요. (I woke up, ate, and went to school. This is a chain reaction.)
- Correct Usage
- 아침에 일어나서 밥 먹고 학교 가는 것은 일상적인 과정입니다. (Waking up, eating, and going to school is a routine process.)
- Correct Usage (with 연쇄반응)
- 그의 작은 실수가 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 일으켜 프로젝트 전체를 위험에 빠뜨렸다. (His small mistake caused an unexpected chain reaction that put the entire project at risk.)
2. Confusing it with simple cause and effect
Mistake: Equating 연쇄반응 with a direct cause-and-effect relationship. A chain reaction is a series of effects, where the effect of one event becomes the cause of the next, often amplifying or altering the outcome.
- Incorrect Usage
- 비가 와서 땅이 젖었다. 이것은 연쇄반응이다. (It rained, so the ground got wet. This is a chain reaction.)
- Correct Usage
- 비가 와서 땅이 젖었다. (It rained, so the ground got wet.) - This is simple cause and effect.
- Correct Usage (with 연쇄반응)
- 폭우로 인해 하천이 범람했고, 이는 주변 지역의 침수로 이어지는 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (Due to the heavy rain, the river overflowed, which caused a chain reaction leading to flooding in surrounding areas.)
3. Using it in overly trivial situations
Mistake: Applying 연쇄반응 to minor, insignificant events where the consequences are negligible. The term usually implies a degree of seriousness or a significant impact.
- Incorrect Usage
- 커피를 쏟아서 옷이 더러워지고, 결국 지각했어요. 이것은 연쇄반응이에요. (I spilled coffee, my clothes got dirty, and I was late. This is a chain reaction.)
- Correct Usage
- 커피를 쏟아서 옷이 더러워지고, 결국 지각했어요. (I spilled coffee, my clothes got dirty, and I was late.) - A simple sequence of unfortunate events.
- Correct Usage (with 연쇄반응)
- 그의 무책임한 행동은 회사의 신뢰도 하락과 고객 이탈이라는 연쇄반응을 초래했다. (His irresponsible actions led to a chain reaction of declining company credibility and customer departures.)
4. Literal translation without considering context
Mistake: Translating 'chain reaction' literally in contexts where it doesn't fit the Korean nuance. While the literal meaning is the same, the idiomatic usage in Korean might differ slightly from English in certain situations.
- Tip
- Always consider the context. If you're unsure, think if the situation involves a snowball effect, where one event triggers a series of subsequent, often escalating, events. If it does, 연쇄반응 is likely appropriate. If it's just a simple sequence or a direct cause-effect, other vocabulary might be more suitable.
While 연쇄반응 (yeonswaebaneung) is a precise term for 'chain reaction', there are other words and phrases that can convey similar meanings depending on the context. Understanding these nuances helps in choosing the most appropriate vocabulary.
1. 인과관계 (ingwankwangye) - Cause and Effect
- Comparison
- 연쇄반응 implies a series of interconnected causes and effects, often with an escalating or cascading nature. 인과관계 is a broader term referring to any relationship between a cause and its effect. It doesn't necessarily imply multiple steps or an escalating process.
- When to Use
- Use 인과관계 when you want to simply state that one thing leads to another, without emphasizing the cascading or amplifying nature. 연쇄반응 is for when the effect itself becomes a cause for further effects.
- Example
- 비가 오는 것과 땅이 젖는 것 사이에는 명확한 인과관계가 있다. (There is a clear cause-and-effect relationship between rain and wet ground.) vs. 폭우로 인한 강 범람은 대규모 침수라는 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (The river overflow due to heavy rain caused a chain reaction of large-scale flooding.)
2. 파급 효과 (pageup효과 - pageup effect) / 파급력 (pageupryeok - ripple effect/impact)
- Comparison
- These terms are very close in meaning to the metaphorical use of 연쇄반응. '파급 효과' refers to the spreading or ripple effect of an event, while '파급력' refers to the capacity to spread or have a ripple effect. Both emphasize the widespread impact stemming from an initial event.
- When to Use
- Use these when you want to highlight the widespread impact or the spreading influence of an event, especially in social or economic contexts. 연쇄반응 can sometimes feel more mechanistic, while '파급 효과' feels more about the diffusion of influence.
- Example
- 그 정책의 연쇄반응은 예상보다 컸다. (The chain reaction of that policy was greater than expected.) vs. 그 정책은 경제 전반에 걸쳐 큰 파급 효과를 가져왔다. (That policy brought about a large ripple effect across the entire economy.)
3. 도미노 현상 (domino hyeonsang) - Domino Effect
- Comparison
- This is a direct metaphorical equivalent to the English 'domino effect' and is often used interchangeably with 연쇄반응 in non-scientific contexts. It visually represents the idea of one event causing the next in a linear fashion.
- When to Use
- Use 도미노 현상 when you want to evoke the visual metaphor of falling dominoes, emphasizing the sequential and predictable nature of the events. 연쇄반응 can sometimes imply a more complex or less predictable branching effect.
- Example
- 그의 사임은 다른 임원들의 사임으로 이어지는 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (His resignation caused a chain reaction of other executives resigning.) vs. 그의 사임은 마치 도미노 현상처럼 다른 임원들의 사임을 불러왔다. (His resignation, like a domino effect, led to other executives resigning.)
4. 확산 (hwaksan) - Diffusion, Spread
- Comparison
- '확산' refers to the act of spreading or diffusing, often used for things like information, disease, or even physical substances. It focuses on the movement and dissemination rather than the specific cause-and-effect links between sequential events.
- When to Use
- Use '확산' when the primary focus is on how something spreads out, rather than the step-by-step triggering mechanism. For example, the spread of a virus is '확산', but the chain of infections leading to a pandemic might be described as a '연쇄반응'.
- Example
- 그 소문은 빠르게 확산되었다. (That rumor spread quickly.) vs. 그 소문으로 인한 오해는 연쇄반응을 일으켜 관계를 악화시켰다. (The misunderstanding caused by that rumor triggered a chain reaction that worsened relationships.)
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The concept of a 'chain reaction' itself is crucial in nuclear physics, where it describes the self-sustaining process of nuclear fission. The Korean term '연쇄반응' accurately reflects this scientific principle.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing the diphthong 'ㅙ' (wae) as a simple 'wae' or 'e'. It requires a distinct glide.
- Not clearly articulating the nasal 'ㅇ' (ng) sound at the end of '반응'.
- Applying English stress patterns, which are not typical in Korean.
- Confusing the initial 'ㅇ' (silent consonant) with a vowel sound.
- Incorrectly pronouncing the 'ㅓ' (eo) sound, which is more open than the English 'o'.
Difficulty Rating
The term '연쇄반응' is common in news articles, scientific reports, and discussions about social phenomena. Understanding its nuances requires comprehension of cause-and-effect relationships and cascading events, making it moderately challenging for B2 level readers. Familiarity with contexts like economics, science, and current events aids comprehension.
Using '연쇄반응' accurately in writing, especially in formal contexts, requires a good grasp of its meaning and appropriate collocations. Learners might struggle with distinguishing it from simpler cause-and-effect or overuse it in trivial situations. Careful consideration of the context and the escalating nature of the events is necessary for effective writing.
Speaking fluently with '연쇄반응' involves understanding its metaphorical and literal applications. Learners need to be able to articulate complex sequences of events and their consequences. Correct pronunciation and natural integration into sentences are key challenges.
Recognizing '연쇄반응' in spoken Korean, especially in fast-paced news or academic lectures, requires good listening skills and an understanding of the context. Distinguishing it from similar terms like '파급 효과' or '인과관계' can also be challenging.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Cause and Effect Structures (e.g., -아/어서, -니까, -기 때문에)
비가 많이 와서 길이 미끄러웠다. (Because it rained a lot, the road was slippery.) - This shows a direct cause and effect, which is the basis for a chain reaction.
Sequential Actions (e.g., -고, -다가, -면서)
문을 열고 방에 들어갔다. (I opened the door and entered the room.) - These connect sequential actions that can form parts of a chain reaction.
Resultative Constructions (e.g., -게 만들다, -게 하다)
그의 말은 나를 슬프게 만들었다. (His words made me sad.) - This shows how one action leads to a resulting state, a component of a chain reaction.
Noun Modification (Adjective + Noun, Verb stem + -는 + Noun)
큰 연쇄반응 (big chain reaction), 예상치 못한 연쇄반응 (unexpected chain reaction) - Essential for describing the nature of the chain reaction.
Passive Voice (e.g., -이/히/리/기-)
문제가 일으켜졌다. (The problem was caused.) - Can be used when focusing on the chain reaction itself rather than the agent causing it.
Examples by Level
작은 돌멩이가 연못에 떨어져 물결이 퍼져나갔다.
A small stone fell into the pond, and ripples spread out.
Basic sentence structure with subject-object-verb. Demonstrates a simple sequence of events.
하나의 불꽃이 다른 불꽃을 옮겨붙였다.
One spark ignited another spark.
Uses the verb '붙였다' (ignited/attached), showing a direct transfer of action.
그의 말 한마디가 친구들을 웃게 만들었다.
His one word made his friends laugh.
Simple cause and effect: '말 한마디' (one word) as the cause, '웃게 만들었다' (made them laugh) as the effect.
넘어진 아이가 다른 아이를 넘어뜨렸다.
A child who fell down knocked over another child.
Uses the descriptive clause '넘어진 아이가' (the child who fell) to show the agent of the action.
작은 씨앗이 자라서 큰 나무가 되었다.
A small seed grew into a big tree.
Illustrates a natural progression of growth over time.
한 사람이 문을 열자 다른 사람들도 따라 들어왔다.
When one person opened the door, other people followed and came in.
Shows a sequence of actions triggered by the initial action.
종이 한 장을 접었더니 다른 종이도 접고 싶어졌다.
I folded one piece of paper, and then I wanted to fold another piece of paper.
Expresses a personal desire triggered by an action.
작은 불씨가 마른 나뭇잎을 태웠다.
A small ember burned the dry leaves.
Direct action of burning, showing a clear cause and effect.
그의 사소한 실수가 큰 문제로 이어지는 연쇄반응을 일으켰다.
His minor mistake caused a chain reaction that led to a big problem.
Introduces '연쇄반응' as the object of '일으켰다' (caused). '사소한' (minor) and '큰 문제' (big problem) highlight the escalation.
경제 불황은 실업률 증가라는 연쇄반응을 가져왔다.
The economic recession brought about a chain reaction of increased unemployment.
'불황' (recession) is the initial cause, '실업률 증가' (increased unemployment) is the result, framed as a '연쇄반응'.
하나의 긍정적인 행동이 주변 사람들에게 좋은 영향을 주는 연쇄반응을 만들 수 있다.
One positive action can create a chain reaction that positively influences those around.
Focuses on a positive '연쇄반응', using '좋은 영향을 주는' (giving good influence).
소셜 미디어에서의 가짜 뉴스는 사회적 혼란의 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있다.
Fake news on social media can cause a chain reaction of social chaos.
Connects '가짜 뉴스' (fake news) to '사회적 혼란' (social chaos) via '연쇄반응'.
그의 연설은 청중들에게 깊은 감동을 주는 연쇄반응을 시작했다.
His speech started a chain reaction of deep emotion among the audience.
'연설' (speech) as the trigger for emotional '연쇄반응'.
환경 오염은 생태계 파괴라는 연쇄반응을 초래한다.
Environmental pollution leads to a chain reaction of ecosystem destruction.
Uses '초래한다' (leads to, causes) to link pollution to ecosystem destruction as a '연쇄반응'.
작은 아이디어 하나가 혁신의 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있다.
One small idea can spark a chain reaction of innovation.
Highlights the potential of a single idea to trigger widespread innovation.
그의 갑작스러운 결정은 회사 내부에 혼란의 연쇄반응을 불러왔다.
His sudden decision brought about a chain reaction of confusion within the company.
'갑작스러운 결정' (sudden decision) as the cause of internal '혼란' (confusion).
금융 위기의 연쇄반응은 전 세계 경제에 심각한 타격을 주었다.
The chain reaction of the financial crisis dealt a severe blow to the global economy.
Uses '심각한 타격을 주었다' (dealt a severe blow) to describe the impact of the '연쇄반응'.
정부 정책의 작은 변화가 예상치 못한 사회적 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있다.
A small change in government policy can cause an unexpected social chain reaction.
Emphasizes the unpredictability of social '연쇄반응' stemming from policy changes.
디지털 기술의 발전은 커뮤니케이션 방식의 연쇄반응을 촉발했다.
The development of digital technology has triggered a chain reaction in communication methods.
'촉발했다' (triggered, ignited) is used to describe the initiation of the '연쇄반응' in communication.
그의 용감한 행동은 다른 사람들에게도 용기를 주는 연쇄반응을 만들었다.
His brave action created a chain reaction that gave courage to others.
Focuses on a positive '연쇄반응' where courage is contagious.
기후 변화는 극심한 날씨 현상의 연쇄반응을 야기하고 있다.
Climate change is causing a chain reaction of extreme weather phenomena.
'야기하고 있다' (is causing) shows an ongoing '연쇄반응' related to environmental issues.
한 기업의 파산은 관련 산업 전반에 걸쳐 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있다.
The bankruptcy of one company can cause a chain reaction throughout related industries.
Illustrates the economic impact of a single failure leading to further failures.
새로운 법규 시행은 기존 질서에 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 가져올 수 있다.
The implementation of new regulations can bring about an unexpected chain reaction in the existing order.
'기존 질서' (existing order) is affected by the '연쇄반응' initiated by the new law.
교육 시스템의 개혁은 사회 전반의 인식 변화라는 연쇄반응을 촉진할 수 있다.
Reform of the education system can promote a chain reaction of awareness changes throughout society.
Links educational reform to a broader societal '연쇄반응' in awareness.
원자력 발전소 사고는 방사능 유출과 환경 오염이라는 치명적인 연쇄반응을 일으켰다.
The nuclear power plant accident caused a fatal chain reaction of radioactive leakage and environmental pollution.
Uses '치명적인' (fatal, deadly) to emphasize the severity of the '연쇄반응'.
글로벌 공급망의 붕괴는 여러 산업 분야에 걸쳐 광범위한 연쇄반응을 유발했다.
The collapse of the global supply chain triggered a widespread chain reaction across multiple industrial sectors.
'광범위한' (widespread) and '유발했다' (triggered, induced) describe the broad impact of the '연쇄반응'.
소셜 미디어 알고리즘은 정보의 확산과 여론 형성이라는 복잡한 연쇄반응을 만들어낸다.
Social media algorithms create a complex chain reaction of information dissemination and public opinion formation.
Highlights the complexity and the interplay of '정보 확산' (information spread) and '여론 형성' (public opinion formation) in the '연쇄반응'.
그의 혁신적인 아이디어는 기술 발전의 연쇄반응을 촉진하여 산업의 패러다임을 바꾸었다.
His innovative idea fostered a chain reaction of technological advancement, changing the industry's paradigm.
'패러다임' (paradigm) indicates a fundamental shift caused by the technological '연쇄반응'.
생물 다양성의 감소는 먹이 사슬 붕괴라는 연쇄반응을 초래하여 생태계 전체를 위협한다.
The decline in biodiversity causes a chain reaction of food chain collapse, threatening the entire ecosystem.
Focuses on ecological consequences, linking '생물 다양성 감소' (biodiversity decline) to '먹이 사슬 붕괴' (food chain collapse) as a '연쇄반응'.
정치적 불안정은 경제 침체와 사회적 갈등이라는 연쇄반응을 야기할 수 있다.
Political instability can lead to a chain reaction of economic recession and social conflict.
Connects political instability to both economic and social consequences as a '연쇄반응'.
인공지능의 발전은 노동 시장에 예측 불가능한 연쇄반응을 일으킬 것으로 예상된다.
The advancement of artificial intelligence is expected to cause unpredictable chain reactions in the labor market.
'예측 불가능한' (unpredictable) highlights the complex and uncertain nature of the AI-driven '연쇄반응'.
문화 교류의 증가는 상호 이해 증진과 동시에 문화적 충돌이라는 연쇄반응을 동반할 수 있다.
Increased cultural exchange can be accompanied by a chain reaction of both enhanced mutual understanding and cultural clashes.
Shows that a '연쇄반응' can have both positive and negative outcomes simultaneously.
양자 역학에서 연쇄반응은 입자 간의 상호작용을 통해 이해될 수 있는 복잡한 현상이다.
In quantum mechanics, a chain reaction is a complex phenomenon that can be understood through interactions between particles.
Applies '연쇄반응' in a highly specialized scientific context (quantum mechanics), emphasizing '복잡한 현상' (complex phenomenon).
탈세계화 추세는 국제 무역 질서에 예측 불가능한 연쇄반응을 야기할 수 있다.
The trend of deglobalization can cause unpredictable chain reactions in the international trade order.
Discusses geopolitical and economic trends ('탈세계화' - deglobalization) and their complex '연쇄반응' on international systems.
인간의 뇌 활동에서 발생하는 신경 전달 물질의 연쇄반응은 의식과 감정의 기저를 이룬다.
The chain reaction of neurotransmitters occurring in human brain activity forms the basis of consciousness and emotion.
Explains the biological basis of consciousness and emotion through a '연쇄반응' of neurological processes.
디지털 전환의 가속화는 사회 구조 전반에 걸쳐 재편이라는 연쇄반응을 촉발하고 있다.
The acceleration of digital transformation is triggering a chain reaction of restructuring across the entire social structure.
'재편' (restructuring) is the outcome of the '연쇄반응' caused by digital transformation.
생태계 복원을 위한 인위적인 개입은 또 다른 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있으므로 신중해야 한다.
Artificial intervention for ecosystem restoration can cause another chain reaction, so caution is needed.
Highlights the potential for unintended consequences ('또 다른 연쇄반응') even in well-intentioned interventions.
미디어의 선정적인 보도는 대중의 불안감을 증폭시키는 연쇄반응을 초래할 수 있다.
Sensationalist media reporting can lead to a chain reaction that amplifies public anxiety.
Discusses the psychological impact of media and its role in creating a '연쇄반응' of anxiety.
역사적 사건들의 연쇄반응을 분석하는 것은 미래를 예측하는 데 중요한 통찰을 제공한다.
Analyzing the chain reaction of historical events provides important insights for predicting the future.
Applies the concept of '연쇄반응' to historical analysis and futurology.
인공지능의 비약적인 발전은 인류 문명의 궤적 자체를 바꾸는 연쇄반응을 일으킬 잠재력을 지닌다.
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has the potential to cause a chain reaction that changes the very trajectory of human civilization.
Suggests a grand-scale '연쇄반응' that could redefine human civilization.
양자 얽힘 현상의 연쇄반응적 특성은 정보 전송의 새로운 가능성을 열어줄 수 있다.
The chain-reaction characteristic of quantum entanglement phenomena could open up new possibilities for information transmission.
Uses '연쇄반응적 특성' (chain-reaction characteristic) in a highly theoretical physics context, linking it to advanced applications like information transmission.
지정학적 긴장의 고조는 글로벌 안보 구조에 복합적인 연쇄반응을 유발하며, 이는 예측 모델을 무력화시킨다.
The escalation of geopolitical tensions triggers complex chain reactions in the global security structure, which incapacitate predictive models.
Emphasizes '복합적인 연쇄반응' (complex chain reactions) and their impact on theoretical frameworks ('예측 모델을 무력화시킨다' - incapacitate predictive models).
신경과학은 의식의 출현을 뇌 신경망 내에서의 동시적이고 연쇄반응적인 활동의 결과로 설명한다.
Neuroscience explains the emergence of consciousness as a result of simultaneous and chain-reaction-like activity within neural networks of the brain.
Uses '연쇄반응적인 활동' (chain-reaction-like activity) to describe the dynamic neurological processes underlying consciousness.
포스트모더니즘 사상의 연쇄반응은 전통적인 예술 및 문화 규범의 해체와 재해석을 동반한다.
The chain reaction of postmodernist thought is accompanied by the deconstruction and reinterpretation of traditional artistic and cultural norms.
Applies '연쇄반응' to intellectual and cultural movements, highlighting '해체와 재해석' (deconstruction and reinterpretation).
생태계 복원 노력 시, 단일 개입이 야기할 수 있는 예측 불가능한 연쇄반응의 가능성을 간과해서는 안 된다.
When undertaking ecosystem restoration efforts, the possibility of unpredictable chain reactions caused by a single intervention must not be overlooked.
Emphasizes the need for extreme caution due to '예측 불가능한 연쇄반응' (unpredictable chain reactions) in complex systems.
현대 미디어 환경에서 정보의 파편화와 왜곡은 사회적 신뢰의 기반을 침식하는 연쇄반응을 증폭시킨다.
In the modern media environment, the fragmentation and distortion of information amplify a chain reaction that erodes the foundation of social trust.
Analyzes the impact of media on societal trust, describing a '연쇄반응' that erodes its foundation.
역사적 패러다임의 전환은 이전 시대의 연쇄반응적 결과들을 재해석하고 재구성하는 과정을 포함한다.
The shift in historical paradigms involves a process of reinterpreting and reconstructing the chain-reaction consequences of previous eras.
Focuses on historical interpretation, where past '연쇄반응' are re-examined to understand broader shifts in paradigms.
인공지능의 자기 개선 능력은 인류 지능의 발현을 기하급수적으로 가속화하는 연쇄반응을 일으킬 수 있다.
The self-improvement capabilities of artificial intelligence can cause a chain reaction that exponentially accelerates the manifestation of human intelligence.
Posits a future scenario where AI's self-improvement leads to an exponential '연쇄반응' in intelligence development.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To cause a chain reaction; to trigger a series of events.
그의 말 한마디가 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (His single remark caused an unexpected chain reaction.)
— A chain reaction occurs; a sequence of events begins.
작은 문제가 큰 연쇄반응이 일어나게 만들었다. (A small problem caused a large chain reaction to occur.)
— To prevent or stop a chain reaction.
우리는 재정적 위기의 연쇄반응을 막기 위해 노력했다. (We tried to prevent the chain reaction of a financial crisis.)
— The result or consequence of a chain reaction.
그 사건의 연쇄반응의 결과는 매우 심각했다. (The results of the chain reaction from that incident were very serious.)
— A positive chain reaction; a series of beneficial events.
그의 선행은 긍정적인 연쇄반응을 불러일으켰다. (His good deed triggered a positive chain reaction.)
— A negative chain reaction; a series of detrimental events.
실패는 종종 부정적인 연쇄반응으로 이어진다. (Failure often leads to a negative chain reaction.)
— An unexpected chain reaction; unforeseen consequences.
그의 결정은 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 초래했다. (His decision resulted in an unexpected chain reaction.)
— An economic chain reaction; a series of economic consequences.
글로벌 시장의 변화는 경제적 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (Changes in the global market caused an economic chain reaction.)
— A social chain reaction; a series of social consequences.
소셜 미디어의 확산은 사회적 연쇄반응을 가속화했다. (The spread of social media accelerated social chain reactions.)
— The beginning or initiation of a chain reaction.
그 사건이 연쇄반응의 시작이 될 줄은 아무도 몰랐다. (Nobody knew that event would be the start of a chain reaction.)
Often Confused With
'파급 효과' focuses more on the spreading influence or consequences of an event, often in a less mechanistic way than '연쇄반응'. While related, '연쇄반응' emphasizes the sequential triggering of events.
'인과관계' is a broader term for any cause-effect link. '연쇄반응' specifically refers to a series of such links where the effect of one event becomes the cause of the next.
Often used interchangeably with '연쇄반응' in metaphorical contexts, '도미노 현상' visually emphasizes the sequential and linear nature of events. '연쇄반응' can sometimes imply more complex or branching sequences.
Idioms & Expressions
— To fall like dominoes; to collapse sequentially due to a chain reaction.
그 회사의 부도는 다른 회사들도 도미노처럼 쓰러지게 만들었다. (The company's bankruptcy caused other companies to fall like dominoes.)
Metaphorical, common— To add fuel to the fire; to worsen an already bad situation, often by instigating a negative chain reaction.
그의 비난은 이미 안 좋은 상황에 불난 집에 부채질하는 격이었다. (His criticism was like adding fuel to the fire in an already bad situation.)
Idiomatic, emphasizes worsening a situation— To follow one after another; to link up sequentially, often implying a continuous or escalating series of events (similar to a chain reaction).
문제들이 꼬리에 꼬리를 물고 발생해서 해결하기 어려웠다. (Problems occurred one after another, making them difficult to solve.)
Idiomatic, emphasizes sequential occurrence— To grow like a snowball; to increase rapidly in size or scope, often implying a chain reaction of growth.
그의 빚은 눈덩이처럼 불어나 감당할 수 없게 되었다. (His debt grew like a snowball and became unmanageable.)
Metaphorical, emphasizes growth and escalation— To cause ripples; to create a widespread effect or reaction.
그의 폭로는 사회 전반에 큰 파장을 일으켰다. (His exposé caused big ripples throughout society.)
Metaphorical, emphasizes widespread impact— A vicious cycle; a negative chain reaction that perpetuates itself.
빈곤과 교육 부족은 악순환의 고리를 형성한다. (Poverty and lack of education form a vicious cycle.)
Emphasizes negative, self-perpetuating sequence— One thing gives birth to ten; one event leads to many consequences.
작은 아이디어가 하나가 열을 낳아 혁신으로 이어졌다. (A small idea led to ten, resulting in innovation.)
Proverbial, emphasizes prolific consequences— To create a stir; to initiate a trend or event that causes subsequent reactions.
그 가수의 신곡 발표가 가요계에 바람을 잡았다. (The singer's new song release created a stir in the music industry.)
Idiomatic, emphasizes initiation of a trend— To kindle a spark; to initiate something that can lead to a larger reaction or development.
그의 연설은 변화의 불씨를 지폈다. (His speech kindled the spark of change.)
Metaphorical, emphasizes initiation of a process— To collapse like dominoes; to fail sequentially.
연쇄적인 실패로 인해 회사가 도미노처럼 무너졌다. (Due to successive failures, the company collapsed like dominoes.)
Metaphorical, emphasizes sequential failureEasily Confused
Both refer to consequences spreading from an initial event.
'연쇄반응' emphasizes the step-by-step triggering mechanism, where each event directly causes the next. '파급 효과' focuses more on the widespread impact or diffusion of influence, not necessarily a direct causal link between every subsequent event.
그의 말실수는 연쇄반응을 일으켜 사태를 악화시켰다. (His slip of the tongue caused a chain reaction that worsened the situation.) vs. 그의 발언은 사회 전반에 큰 파급 효과를 가져왔다. (His remarks brought about a large ripple effect throughout society.)
Both describe relationships between events.
'인과관계' is a general term for cause and effect. '연쇄반응' is a specific type of causal relationship involving a sequence of interconnected events, often with amplification or escalation. A simple rain causing wet ground is '인과관계', but a flood causing landslides and then affecting transportation is a '연쇄반응'.
폭우와 홍수 사이에는 명확한 인과관계가 있다. (There is a clear cause-and-effect relationship between heavy rain and floods.) vs. 홍수는 제방 붕괴라는 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (The flood caused a chain reaction of levee collapses.)
Both are used metaphorically for sequential events.
'도미노 현상' strongly implies a linear, predictable sequence where one event directly knocks over the next, like dominoes. '연쇄반응' can encompass more complex, branching, or even unpredictable sequences, and is also used in literal scientific contexts.
그의 사임은 다른 임원들의 사임으로 이어지는 도미노 현상이었다. (His resignation was a domino effect leading to other executives resigning.) vs. 그의 결정은 예상치 못한 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (His decision caused an unexpected chain reaction.)
Both describe a series of negative events.
'악순환' specifically refers to a negative, self-perpetuating cycle where undesirable outcomes lead to further undesirable outcomes, trapping a system or person. '연쇄반응' can be positive, negative, or neutral; it simply describes the sequential triggering.
빈곤은 교육 부족이라는 악순환을 만든다. (Poverty creates a vicious cycle of lack of education.) vs. 그의 작은 친절은 긍정적인 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (His small act of kindness caused a positive chain reaction.)
Both involve the spread of something.
'확산' means spreading out, like information, disease, or a smell. It doesn't necessarily imply a direct causal link between each step. '연쇄반응' implies that each subsequent event is directly caused by the previous one, forming a chain.
그 소문은 빠르게 확산되었다. (That rumor spread quickly.) vs. 그 소문은 오해라는 연쇄반응을 일으켜 관계를 악화시켰다. (That rumor caused a chain reaction of misunderstanding that worsened relationships.)
Sentence Patterns
Noun + 이/가 + Noun + 을/를 + 연쇄반응으로 + Verb
그의 실수가 연쇄반응으로 문제를 일으켰다. (His mistake caused problems as a chain reaction.)
Noun + 의 + 연쇄반응 + 은/는 + Noun + 에 + 영향을 주다/타격을 주다
경제 위기의 연쇄반응은 모든 사람에게 영향을 주었다. (The chain reaction of the economic crisis affected everyone.)
Noun + 은/는 + (Noun/Adjective) + 연쇄반응을 + 일으키다/초래하다
그 소식은 사회적 연쇄반응을 일으켰다. (That news caused a social chain reaction.)
Noun + 은/는 + (Adjective) + 연쇄반응 + 으로 + 이어지다/발전하다
그의 아이디어는 기술 발전의 연쇄반응으로 이어졌다. (His idea led to a chain reaction of technological advancement.)
Noun + 은/는 + (Adjective) + 연쇄반응을 + 야기하다/유발하다
정치적 불안정은 경제 침체라는 연쇄반응을 야기했다. (Political instability caused a chain reaction of economic recession.)
Noun + 의 + (Adjective) + 연쇄반응 + 은/는 + Noun + 의 + (Adjective) + 결과를 + 초래하다
양자 역학에서의 연쇄반응은 복잡한 결과들을 초래한다. (Chain reactions in quantum mechanics bring about complex results.)
Noun + 은/는 + (Adjective) + 연쇄반응 + 을 + (Noun) + 으로 + (Verb)
디지털 전환은 사회 구조의 재편이라는 연쇄반응을 가져왔다. (Digital transformation brought about a chain reaction of restructuring social structures.)
Noun + 의 + (Adjective) + 연쇄반응 + 적 + 특성 + 은/는 + Noun + 에 + 가능성을 + 열어주다
양자 얽힘의 연쇄반응적 특성은 정보 전송의 새로운 가능성을 열어준다. (The chain-reaction characteristic of quantum entanglement opens up new possibilities for information transmission.)
Word Family
Nouns
Related
How to Use It
High (especially in contexts discussing cause-and-effect, science, economics, and social trends).
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Using '연쇄반응' for any simple sequence of events.
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Using '연쇄반응' for sequences where events trigger subsequent events, often with escalation.
A simple sequence like waking up and eating breakfast is not a chain reaction. '연쇄반응' implies a more dynamic, interconnected process where the outcome of one step directly influences the next, leading to a cascade.
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Confusing '연쇄반응' with simple cause and effect.
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Understanding that '연쇄반응' involves multiple steps of cause and effect, where effects become causes.
A single cause leading to a single effect is just cause and effect. A chain reaction involves A causing B, B causing C, C causing D, and so on. The effect of one step acts as the cause for the next.
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Applying '연쇄반응' to trivial situations.
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Using '연쇄반응' for situations with significant or escalating consequences.
While the term can be used metaphorically, applying it to minor inconveniences (like spilling coffee causing you to be late) might overstate the situation. It's best reserved for events with a noticeable cascading impact.
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Overusing the term in informal speech without clear sequential links.
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Using '연쇄반응' when there's a clear demonstration of one event triggering a series of subsequent, related events.
In casual conversation, people might say 'everything went wrong in a chain reaction' when things were just generally bad. For accurate usage, ensure there's a discernible sequence where one problem led to another.
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Translating 'chain reaction' literally without considering Korean nuance.
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Understanding that while the literal meaning is the same, the idiomatic usage and contexts might vary slightly.
While the core meaning is consistent, native speakers might use '연쇄반응' in specific cultural or linguistic contexts differently than a direct English translation might suggest. Paying attention to how Koreans use it in various media is key.
Tips
Visualize the Dominoes
To remember '연쇄반응', picture a line of dominoes. Each falling domino represents an event triggering the next. This visual metaphor helps grasp the sequential and cascading nature of the term.
Common Verbs
Pair '연쇄반응' with verbs like '일으키다' (to cause), '초래하다' (to bring about), '야기하다' (to cause), '막다' (to prevent), and '이끌다' (to lead) to form natural Korean sentences.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Be aware of words like '파급 효과' (ripple effect) and '인과관계' (cause and effect). While related, '연쇄반응' specifically implies a sequential triggering mechanism.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences describing different types of chain reactions – scientific, economic, social, and even personal. This will help solidify your understanding and usage.
Interconnectedness
Reflect on the Korean cultural emphasis on interconnectedness. This concept helps understand why '연쇄반응' is a relevant term for describing how individual actions or events can impact the larger whole.
Syllable Clarity
Focus on pronouncing each syllable clearly, especially the nasal sounds ('ㄴ', 'ㅇ') and diphthongs ('ㅙ'). Korean pronunciation is generally syllable-timed, so aim for evenness rather than strong stress.
Start with Examples
Begin by understanding common examples like nuclear fission or economic crises. Then, try to apply the term to simpler, everyday situations to build confidence.
Positive vs. Negative
Remember that '연쇄반응' can be positive (e.g., acts of kindness spreading) or negative (e.g., economic collapse). The context will clarify the nature of the reaction.
Beyond Metaphor
For advanced learners, explore the term's use in fields like systems theory and nonlinear dynamics, where chain reactions are fundamental to understanding complex systems.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of a chain of dominoes falling. '연쇄' (yeon-swae) sounds a bit like 'yawn-sway' – imagine yawning and swaying as you watch the dominoes sway and fall in a chain reaction. '반응' (ban-eung) sounds like 'ban-engine' – imagine the engine of a chain reaction, like a nuclear engine, reacting to start the process.
Visual Association
Picture a long line of dominoes, each one labeled with '반응' (reaction). When the first domino is pushed ('연쇄' - chain), they all fall one after another in a chain reaction. Alternatively, visualize a nuclear reactor with glowing '반응' signs on each fuel rod, showing the '연쇄' of fission.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to explain the concept of a chain reaction to someone using only Korean words you know, incorporating '연쇄반응' and related terms like '원인' (cause), '결과' (result), and '이어지다' (to connect/follow).
Word Origin
The word '연쇄반응' is a direct Sino-Korean compound word, combining two Hanja characters. It's a term that was likely adopted and standardized as scientific and technical vocabulary expanded.
Original meaning: The term is composed of '연쇄' (連鎖) meaning 'chain' or 'series', and '반응' (反應) meaning 'reaction' or 'response'. Thus, '연쇄반응' literally means 'chain reaction'.
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)Cultural Context
The term '연쇄반응' itself is neutral. However, its application can be sensitive depending on the context. Discussing nuclear chain reactions requires scientific accuracy. Describing social or political chain reactions can be sensitive if it involves controversial events or potentially harmful consequences. It's important to use the term appropriately and avoid trivializing serious issues.
In English-speaking cultures, 'chain reaction' is also widely used in scientific, social, and political contexts, often carrying the same connotations of escalating consequences. The 'domino effect' is a common metaphor. The term is generally understood as a sequence of events where one triggers the next.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
News reporting on economic downturns and their consequences.
- 경제 연쇄반응
- 연쇄반응을 일으키다
- 글로벌 경제 위기
- 실업률 증가
- 시장 붕괴
Scientific discussions about nuclear physics or chemical reactions.
- 핵 연쇄반응
- 제어된 연쇄반응
- 원자력 발전
- 핵분열
- 화학 반응
Analyzing social phenomena like the spread of information or trends.
- 사회적 연쇄반응
- 소셜 미디어
- 정보 확산
- 여론 형성
- 바이럴 현상
Discussing political events and their wider impacts.
- 정치적 연쇄반응
- 외교적 파장
- 국제 관계
- 불안정
- 갈등
Environmental discussions about ecological balance and degradation.
- 생태계 연쇄반응
- 환경 오염
- 기후 변화
- 생물 다양성
- 자연 파괴
Conversation Starters
"오늘 뉴스에서 '연쇄반응'이라는 단어를 봤는데, 어떤 상황에 쓰이는 말인가요?"
"혹시 '연쇄반응'의 예시를 들어주실 수 있나요? 과학적인 것 말고도요."
"어떤 일이 '연쇄반응'을 일으킨다고 할 때, 그 시작점은 보통 무엇인가요?"
"긍정적인 '연쇄반응'을 만들려면 어떻게 해야 할까요?"
"'연쇄반응'과 '파급 효과'의 차이점이 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"
Journal Prompts
최근 경험했던 일들 중에서 '연쇄반응'이라고 생각되는 사건이 있다면 자세히 묘사해 보세요. 무엇이 시작이었고, 그 결과는 어떠했나요?
우리 사회에서 '연쇄반응'으로 인해 긍정적인 변화를 가져온 사례가 있다면 무엇일까요? 반대로 부정적인 '연쇄반응'은 어떤 것이 있을까요?
만약 당신이 어떤 문제에 대한 '연쇄반응'을 막아야 한다면, 어떤 전략을 사용할 것인가요? 구체적인 상황을 가정해 보세요.
자신이 내리는 작은 결정 하나가 주변 사람들에게 어떤 '연쇄반응'을 일으킬 수 있을지 생각해보고 글로 적어보세요.
미래 사회에서 기술 발전이나 환경 변화가 가져올 수 있는 '연쇄반응'에 대해 상상하고 예측해 보세요.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsNo, '연쇄반응' can describe positive, negative, or neutral sequences of events. For example, a positive chain reaction could be a small act of kindness inspiring others, leading to widespread goodwill. A neutral chain reaction might describe the sequential steps in a scientific experiment. However, it is frequently used to describe negative escalating situations due to its dramatic nature.
Yes, it can be used metaphorically for personal feelings or psychological states. For instance, a small success might lead to increased confidence, which then leads to more effort and further success, creating a positive '연쇄반응'. Conversely, a minor setback might lead to discouragement, then avoidance, and a downward spiral, representing a negative '연쇄반응'.
'도미노 현상' (domino effect) is a specific type of chain reaction, often used metaphorically, that emphasizes a linear, predictable sequence like falling dominoes. '연쇄반응' is a broader term that can describe more complex, branching, or even unpredictable sequences, and is also used in literal scientific contexts. Think of '도미노 현상' as a visual metaphor for a simple '연쇄반응'.
Yes, '연쇄반응' is a relatively common word, especially in news media, educational programs, and discussions about events with significant consequences. While it might sound technical, its metaphorical use makes it applicable in various everyday contexts when describing escalating situations.
Certainly. For example, a drought (initial event) can lead to dry vegetation, which increases the risk of wildfires (second event). Wildfires then destroy habitats, leading to a loss of biodiversity and soil erosion (subsequent events), which can further impact water cycles and agriculture. This entire sequence of interconnected environmental consequences is a natural '연쇄반응'.
'연쇄반응' is best when you want to emphasize the step-by-step triggering mechanism where each event directly causes the next. '파급 효과' (ripple effect) is better when you want to focus on the widespread impact or diffusion of influence from an initial event, without necessarily detailing every single causal link.
Yes, '악순환' (vicious cycle) is a specific type of negative '연쇄반응'. While '연쇄반응' can be positive, negative, or neutral, '악순환' exclusively describes a negative sequence where undesirable outcomes lead to further undesirable outcomes, creating a self-perpetuating problem.
'제어된 연쇄반응' (controlled chain reaction) refers to a chain reaction that is managed and regulated, typically in scientific or industrial settings like nuclear power plants. The process is allowed to continue at a stable rate without escalating uncontrollably.
Absolutely. The spread of a rumor can be described as a '연쇄반응'. One person hears it, tells another, who then tells more people, perhaps adding their own interpretations, leading to widespread misinformation or social impact. This sequential triggering and amplification fit the definition of a chain reaction.
The literal translation of '연쇄반응' is 'chain reaction'. '연쇄' (yeonswae) means 'chain' or 'series', and '반응' (baneung) means 'reaction' or 'response'.
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Summary
연쇄반응 (yeonswaebaneung) describes a chain reaction, a sequence of events where each triggers the next, like falling dominoes. It's used in scientific, social, and economic contexts to explain cascading or escalating consequences.
- A chain reaction where one event triggers a series of others.
- Used in science (nuclear fission) and social/economic contexts.
- Like falling dominoes, one cause leads to many effects.
- Emphasizes cascading or escalating consequences.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when using '연쇄반응'. Is it a literal scientific process, a metaphorical social phenomenon, or an economic cascade? Understanding the context will help you use the word accurately and effectively.
Visualize the Dominoes
To remember '연쇄반응', picture a line of dominoes. Each falling domino represents an event triggering the next. This visual metaphor helps grasp the sequential and cascading nature of the term.
Common Verbs
Pair '연쇄반응' with verbs like '일으키다' (to cause), '초래하다' (to bring about), '야기하다' (to cause), '막다' (to prevent), and '이끌다' (to lead) to form natural Korean sentences.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Be aware of words like '파급 효과' (ripple effect) and '인과관계' (cause and effect). While related, '연쇄반응' specifically implies a sequential triggering mechanism.
Example
한 은행의 파산이 금융계 전체에 연쇄반응을 일으켰습니다.
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