This page in your language
فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 noun #1,800 most common 10 min read

por um lado

Considering one aspect; on the one hand.

At the A1 level, you are just starting to build simple sentences. While 'por um lado' might seem a bit advanced, it is a great 'power phrase' to learn early. It helps you move away from just saying 'I like this and I like that'. Instead, you can start to show that you have different feelings about something. For example, 'Por um lado, gosto de pizza. Por outro lado, gosto de salada.' (On the one hand, I like pizza. On the other hand, I like salad.) At this level, don't worry about complex grammar. Just use it to link two simple ideas that are a bit different from each other. It makes your Portuguese sound much more natural and thoughtful, even if your vocabulary is still small. Think of it as a bridge between two sentences. It's a very useful tool for your 'survival' Portuguese because it allows you to explain why you are making a choice. If a waiter asks if you want indoor or outdoor seating, you could say: 'Por um lado, o sol é bom. Mas por outro lado, está muito calor.' This shows you are thinking about the options. It's a simple way to sound more like a native speaker from day one. Focus on the 'Por um lado... por outro lado...' pattern. It's a classic duo that always works together. Practice saying it out loud to get the rhythm right. Portuguese speakers love balance in their speech, and this phrase is the perfect way to achieve that. Even at A1, using this correctly will impress your teachers and friends. It shows you are not just memorizing words, but learning how to structure your thoughts in a new language. Keep your sentences short and clear. Use it with basic verbs like 'gostar' (to like), 'querer' (to want), or 'ser' (to be). This will give you a strong foundation for more complex arguments later on. Remember the comma after the phrase! It helps the listener know you are taking a small breath before your first point.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the A2 level, you are expected to describe your daily life, your environment, and your immediate needs. 'Por um lado' becomes a vital tool for expressing opinions and making decisions. You can use it to talk about your job, your hobbies, or your travel plans. For example, 'Por um lado, o meu trabalho é interessante. Por outro lado, é muito cansativo.' (On the one hand, my job is interesting. On the other hand, it is very tiring.) This shows a higher level of nuance than just saying 'My job is interesting but tiring.' It separates the two qualities, giving each one more weight. At A2, you should start using it with more varied vocabulary and slightly longer sentences. You might use it to weigh the pros and cons of moving to a new city or buying a new car. It's also very useful for the 'speaking' part of language exams, where you often have to compare two pictures or two options. Using 'por um lado' shows the examiner that you can organize your thoughts logically. You should also become comfortable with the variations, like omitting the second 'lado' (Por um lado... por outro...). This makes your speech sound more fluid and less like a textbook. Pay attention to how native speakers use their tone of voice when they say 'por um lado'. Usually, there is a slight rise in pitch on 'lado', followed by a pause. This creates anticipation. Practice this rhythm to improve your accent and delivery. You are now moving beyond simple descriptions into the realm of basic argumentation. This phrase is your best friend for that transition. It allows you to acknowledge that life isn't always black and white. Most things have a 'good side' and a 'bad side', and now you have the words to say exactly that in Portuguese. Try to use it at least once in every conversation where you have to make a choice. It will quickly become a natural part of your vocabulary.
Sign up free to read full explanation
As a B1 learner, you are entering the 'independent user' stage. You can now deal with most situations while traveling and can describe experiences, dreams, and ambitions. 'Por um lado' is essential for this level because it allows you to engage in more complex discussions and debates. You aren't just talking about your job anymore; you're talking about the 'work-life balance' or the 'impact of technology on society'. For example, 'Por um lado, o teletrabalho oferece flexibilidade; por outro lado, pode levar ao isolamento social.' (On the one hand, remote work offers flexibility; on the other hand, it can lead to social isolation.) This level of reasoning is exactly what B1 requires. You should also start noticing 'por um lado' in written texts, like news articles or blog posts. It helps you follow the author's logic. In your own writing, use it to structure your paragraphs. It can serve as a great transition between the introduction of an idea and the exploration of its complexities. At B1, you should also be careful with punctuation. Using a semicolon (;) between the two contrasting points is a very 'B1' move—it shows you understand how to link related but independent clauses. You might also start using synonyms like 'de um lado' in informal settings to vary your register. The key at B1 is consistency and range. Don't just use 'por um lado' for simple contrasts; use it to explore abstract concepts. If you're discussing a book or a movie, use it to talk about the character's motivations. 'Por um lado, ele quer vingança; por outro, ele sente culpa.' This adds depth to your descriptions. You are no longer just a student; you are a communicator. This phrase helps you communicate the complexity of the human experience. Practice using it in longer monologues or written assignments. It will help you achieve the 'coherence' that is so important for reaching the next level of fluency.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the B2 level, you are a 'vantage' user. You can understand the main ideas of complex text and can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity. 'Por um lado' is now a standard part of your rhetorical toolkit. You use it not just to contrast two things, but to build a sophisticated argument. At this level, you should be able to use it in combination with other discourse markers like 'consequentemente' (consequently), 'todavia' (nevertheless), or 'em contrapartida' (in contrast). For example, 'Por um lado, a globalização permitiu um intercâmbio cultural sem precedentes; por outro lado, todavia, contribuiu para a homogeneização de certas tradições locais.' This sentence shows a high level of control over complex structures. You are now expected to use 'por um lado' in professional contexts, such as giving a presentation or participating in a formal debate. It helps you present a balanced view before making a final recommendation. 'Por um lado, o investimento inicial é elevado; por outro, o retorno a longo prazo é garantido.' This sounds professional and persuasive. You should also be aware of the subtle differences between 'por um lado' and its more formal counterparts like 'de uma parte'. In a B2 essay, you might use 'por um lado' in the body paragraphs to explore different facets of a problem. You are also more attuned to the nuances of native speech. You'll notice that sometimes native speakers use 'por um lado' and then use a completely different word like 'entretanto' to introduce the contrast. You should be able to follow these shifts in logic without getting lost. Your goal at B2 is to sound natural and effortless. 'Por um lado' should flow from your tongue without you having to think about the grammar. It's about the strategy of the conversation. You are using the phrase to guide your listener through your thought process. It's a sign of a mature and capable speaker.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the C1 level, you are an 'advanced' user. You can express yourself fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. 'Por um lado' is now used with precision and stylistic flair. You might use it to introduce a 'concessive' argument—acknowledging one side only to more effectively argue for the other. For example, 'Por um lado, é inegável que houve progressos na legislação ambiental; contudo, a implementação prática continua a ser manifestamente insuficiente.' Here, 'por um lado' sets up a premise that you are about to critically analyze. You are no longer just balancing two equal points; you are using the structure to highlight a specific nuance or irony. In C1 writing, you use these markers to create a 'rhythm of thought'. You might place 'por um lado' in the middle of a sentence for emphasis: 'A proposta, se por um lado resolve o problema imediato, por outro cria um precedente perigoso.' This placement is more sophisticated and shows a deep understanding of Portuguese syntax. You are also expected to understand the historical and cultural weight of such expressions. You might encounter them in classical Portuguese literature or high-level philosophical texts. Your ability to use 'por um lado' effectively in a high-pressure environment, like a legal argument or a university thesis defense, is a hallmark of the C1 level. You should also be able to play with the phrase—perhaps using it ironically or to set up a complex 'tripartite' argument (though 'por um lado' usually stays binary, you can follow it with 'além disso' and then a final 'por último'). The key at C1 is 'flexibility'. You know the rules so well that you can use them to create your own unique style. You are not just following a template; you are crafting a discourse that is both logical and engaging. Your use of 'por um lado' is a reflection of your ability to handle the 'fine-grained' details of the language.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the C2 level, you have 'mastery' of the language. You can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. 'Por um lado' is a tool you use with the skill of a native-born orator or a professional writer. You use it to navigate the most complex and subtle arguments. At this level, you might use it to explore the 'dialectic'—the tension between two opposing forces that creates a new reality. For example, in a philosophical essay: 'Por um lado, a subjetividade é o refúgio da liberdade individual; por outro, é a fonte de toda a ilusão solipsista.' This is high-level intellectual discourse. You are also a master of the 'unspoken' side. Sometimes, a C2 speaker might use 'por um lado' and leave the 'other side' implied, knowing that the audience is sophisticated enough to fill in the blanks. This creates a powerful rhetorical effect. You use the phrase to manage the 'flow of information' in a way that is almost invisible to the listener because it is so perfectly integrated into the prosody of your speech. In writing, you might use it to structure a complex narrative where different characters represent different 'sides' of a moral dilemma. You are also fully aware of the archaic or regional variations and might use them for specific stylistic effects. Your use of 'por um lado' is no longer about 'correctness'—it's about 'elegance' and 'precision'. You can use it to deconstruct an argument, showing that what seems like 'one side' actually contains its own internal contradictions. You are at the peak of linguistic ability, and 'por um lado' is just one of the many instruments in your vast orchestra. You use it to create harmony, contrast, and depth in everything you say and write. It is a testament to your deep immersion in the Portuguese language and culture.
Sign up free to read full explanation
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

por um lado in 30 Seconds

  • Used to introduce the first of two contrasting points.
  • Equivalent to the English 'on the one hand'.
  • Usually followed by 'por outro lado' (on the other hand).
  • Essential for balanced arguments and structured speaking.

The phrase por um lado is a fundamental building block of Portuguese rhetoric and daily conversation. At its core, it serves as a conceptual 'bracket,' opening up a space to discuss one specific facet of a complex situation. Imagine you are holding a coin; 'por um lado' is the act of looking at the 'heads' side before inevitably turning it over to see the 'tails'. It is not merely a filler phrase; it is a logical signpost that tells your audience: 'I am looking at this situation critically, and I recognize it has multiple dimensions.'

Literal Meaning
'Through one side' or 'By one side'.
Functional Meaning
Introduces the first argument in a contrastive pair.

Por um lado, o carro é rápido, mas gasta muito combustível.

In the example above, the speaker uses the phrase to isolate the benefit of speed. This creates a psychological expectation in the listener that a drawback or a different perspective is coming next. It is rarely used in isolation; doing so would leave the listener hanging, waiting for the 'other side'. This phrase is essential for reaching the A2 and B1 levels of fluency because it allows you to move beyond simple sentences into structured, nuanced thoughts. It transforms your speech from a list of facts into a reasoned argument.

Por um lado, gosto de morar na cidade.

Structural Role
It acts as a subordinating or coordinating element depending on the sentence flow.

Linguistically, the word 'lado' (side) provides a spatial metaphor for abstract ideas. We treat thoughts as if they have physical dimensions. This is common in many Indo-European languages, but in Portuguese, the preposition 'por' (through/by) adds a sense of movement—as if the speaker is walking around the idea to view it from a different angle. This nuance is subtle but important for understanding the 'flow' of Portuguese logic.

Por um lado, a tecnologia facilita a vida; por outro, cria dependência.

Synonym Hint
'De uma parte' is a more formal, slightly archaic alternative often found in legal texts.

Analisei a proposta e, por um lado, parece viável.

Por um lado, o clima está bom para passear.

Using por um lado correctly involves understanding sentence architecture. It is most frequently placed at the very beginning of a sentence to set the stage. However, it can also be embedded after the subject for a more sophisticated, rhythmic feel. When you use it, you are making a promise to your listener that you are about to provide a balanced view. This is crucial in professional environments, academic writing, and even in deep personal conversations where you want to show empathy for multiple perspectives.

The Comma Rule
In Portuguese, 'por um lado' is usually followed by a comma when it starts a sentence. If it's in the middle, it's often set off by commas on both sides.

Por um lado, concordo contigo; mas, por outro, tenho dúvidas.

One of the most important aspects of using this phrase is the 'follow-up'. While 'por um lado' introduces the first point, the second point is almost always introduced by 'por outro lado' or simply 'por outro'. You can also use 'mas' (but) or 'no entanto' (however) to bridge the gap, but 'por outro lado' is the most natural and balanced partner. This pairing creates a linguistic symmetry that is very pleasing to native speakers. It shows that your Portuguese is organized and logical.

O projeto, por um lado, é inovador.

Register Variation
Informal: 'De um lado...' | Formal: 'Sob uma perspectiva...' | Standard: 'Por um lado...'

In writing, especially for exams like the CAPLE or CELPE-Bras, using these markers correctly can significantly boost your score in the 'Cohesion and Coherence' category. It demonstrates that you can manage complex sentence structures. Avoid overusing it, though; if every paragraph starts with 'por um lado', your writing will feel repetitive and mechanical. Use it when there is a genuine, significant contrast to be made.

Por um lado, queremos viajar; por outro, precisamos poupar dinheiro.

Esta decisão, por um lado, ajuda os jovens.

Common Pairing
Por um lado [Point A] + [Semicolon/Period] + Por outro lado [Point B].

Por um lado, é bom ser livre; por outro, é difícil estar sozinho.

You will encounter por um lado in almost every facet of Portuguese life. In the news, journalists use it to present balanced reports on politics or the economy. For instance, a news anchor might say, 'Por um lado, o desemprego baixou, mas por outro, a inflação subiu.' This usage ensures the reporting remains objective. In the workplace, during meetings or brainstorming sessions, it's the go-to phrase for weighing the pros and cons of a new strategy or product launch.

News Media
Used to provide objective, multi-perspective coverage of current events.

O ministro afirmou que, por um lado, as reformas são necessárias.

In academic settings—from high school essays to university lectures—it is indispensable. Professors use it to contrast different theories or historical interpretations. If you are listening to a podcast about Portuguese history or culture, you'll hear it frequently as experts navigate the complexities of the past. It's also very common in legal discourse, where lawyers must present the 'one side' of their argument while anticipating the 'other side' from the opposition.

Por um lado, a ciência evoluiu; por outro, os desafios éticos aumentaram.

Everyday Decisions
Commonly used when friends or family are discussing plans or making choices.

Even in casual settings, like a café in Lisbon or a churrasco in Brazil, people use it to express indecision or to explain their reasoning. 'Por um lado, quero ir à praia, mas por outro, acho que vai chover.' It shows that the speaker is thoughtful and not just reacting impulsively. In literature, authors use it to delve into the internal conflicts of their characters, showing the 'one side' of their desire versus the 'other side' of their duty.

Por um lado, ela queria partir; por outro, o medo prendia-a.

Na reunião, ele disse: por um lado, o lucro é alto.

Podcast Context
Hosts use it to pivot between different interview questions or perspectives.

Por um lado, o filme é longo, mas a história é incrível.

The most frequent mistake learners make with por um lado is failing to provide the 'other side'. Using it without a following 'por outro lado' or a contrasting conjunction like 'mas' creates an incomplete logical loop. It's like saying 'Firstly...' and then never providing a 'Secondly...'. Your audience will be left waiting for the second half of the thought. Always ensure that if you introduce a contrast, you follow through with it.

The 'Lone Side' Error
Using 'por um lado' as a simple emphasis marker rather than a contrastive one.

Incorrect: Por um lado, eu gosto de café. (And then stopping there).

Another common error is using the wrong preposition. Many English speakers try to translate 'on the one hand' literally, resulting in 'em um lado' or 'no um lado'. While 'de um lado' is acceptable in certain contexts, 'por um lado' is the standard idiomatic expression. Using 'em' makes the sentence sound clunky and non-native. Additionally, watch out for the placement of the comma. Forgetting the comma after 'por um lado' at the start of a sentence can make the text harder to read.

Incorrect: No um lado, o sol brilha.

Agreement Issues
The word 'lado' is masculine, so it's always 'um lado', never 'uma lado'.

Learners also sometimes confuse 'por um lado' with 'de um lado para o outro' (from one side to the other). While they share the word 'lado', the latter refers to physical movement or agitation, whereas 'por um lado' is strictly for logical or conceptual contrast. Finally, avoid using it for very simple, non-contrasting lists. If you are just listing three reasons why you like a book, use 'primeiro', 'segundo', and 'terceiro' instead of 'por um lado'.

Incorrect: Por um lado, o livro é azul. Por outro lado, ele tem 200 páginas.

Incorrect: Por uma lado...

Punctuation Tip
Use a semicolon before 'por outro lado' if it's in the same sentence as 'por um lado'.

Incorrect: Por um lado ele é bom por outro lado ele é mau.

While por um lado is the most common way to introduce a contrast, there are several alternatives that can add variety to your Portuguese. De uma parte is a direct synonym, though it feels more formal and is often used in legal or very structured academic writing. It suggests a division of a whole into distinct parts. Another alternative is sob um ponto de vista (from one point of view), which shifts the focus slightly from the 'side' of the argument to the 'perspective' of the observer.

De uma parte
Formal/Legal. 'De uma parte, o autor alega... de outra, o réu nega.'
Sob um aspeto
Focuses on a specific feature or quality of the subject.

Sob um aspeto financeiro, a empresa está bem.

If you want to sound more analytical, you might use por uma vertente (from one slope/aspect). This is common in geography, sociology, or technical fields. For a more sequence-oriented contrast, em primeiro lugar (in the first place) can sometimes serve a similar purpose, although it lacks the inherent 'binary' feel of 'por um lado'. It's better for lists of three or more items. Duma banda is a regional variation, particularly in some parts of Portugal, but it's much less common than 'por um lado'.

Duma parte, temos a tradição; doutra, a modernidade.

Comparison Table
  • Por um lado: Balanced contrast (Standard)
  • De uma parte: Formal/Structural contrast
  • Sob uma ótica: Perspective-based contrast

Finally, in very informal speech, people might just say de um lado. While 'por um lado' is the 'correct' version for writing, 'de um lado' is perfectly fine when chatting with friends. Just be careful not to mix them up in the same sentence—consistency is key. If you start with 'por um lado', finish with 'por outro lado'. If you start with 'de um lado', finish with 'de outro'.

De um lado, ele quer ir; do outro, ela quer ficar.

Sob esta ótica, o problema é simples.

Nuance Note
'Por um lado' is more about logic; 'De um lado' is more about position.

Por um lado, a ideia é boa; mas, por outro, é cara.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

""

Informal

""

Difficulty Rating

Grammar to Know

Sign up free to read full explanation

Examples by Level

1

Por um lado, gosto de chá.

On the one hand, I like tea.

Simple use of 'por um lado' to start a sentence.

2

Por um lado, o carro é azul.

On the one hand, the car is blue.

Using the phrase with a simple descriptive sentence.

3

Por um lado, eu quero ir.

On the one hand, I want to go.

Expressing a desire or intention.

4

Por um lado, o café está quente.

On the one hand, the coffee is hot.

Describing a physical state.

5

Por um lado, a casa é grande.

On the one hand, the house is big.

Using an adjective to describe a noun.

6

Por um lado, ela fala muito.

On the one hand, she talks a lot.

Describing a habit or action.

7

Por um lado, o livro é bom.

On the one hand, the book is good.

Giving a simple opinion.

8

Por um lado, hoje é sábado.

On the one hand, today is Saturday.

Stating a fact about time.

1

Por um lado, o hotel é caro, mas é muito central.

On the one hand, the hotel is expensive, but it is very central.

Using 'mas' to introduce the contrast.

2

Por um lado, quero viajar; por outro, preciso trabalhar.

On the one hand, I want to travel; on the other, I need to work.

The classic 'por um lado... por outro' structure.

3

Por um lado, a comida é boa, mas o serviço é lento.

On the one hand, the food is good, but the service is slow.

Contrasting two aspects of an experience.

4

Por um lado, gosto de viver aqui; por outro, sinto falta da minha família.

On the one hand, I like living here; on the other, I miss my family.

Expressing mixed emotions.

5

Por um lado, o exame foi difícil, mas eu estudei muito.

On the one hand, the exam was difficult, but I studied a lot.

Using 'mas' to show a counter-action.

6

Por um lado, o filme é longo; por outro, é muito interessante.

On the one hand, the movie is long; on the other, it is very interesting.

Contrasting a negative and a positive trait.

7

Por um lado, o tempo está bom, mas pode chover mais tarde.

On the one hand, the weather is good, but it might rain later.

Using 'pode' to express possibility.

8

Por um lado, a cidade é barulhenta; por outro, tem muita vida.

On the one hand, the city is noisy; on the other, it has a lot of life.

Describing a city's atmosphere.

1

Por um lado, a tecnologia facilita a comunicação; por outro, diminui o contacto pessoal.

On the one hand, technology facilitates communication; on the other, it decreases personal contact.

Discussing a social issue with a balanced view.

2

Por um lado, as redes sociais são úteis; por outro, podem ser viciantes.

On the one hand, social networks are useful; on the other, they can be addictive.

Using 'podem ser' to express potential consequences.

3

Por um lado, o governo quer baixar os impostos; por outro, precisa de investir na saúde.

On the one hand, the government wants to lower taxes; on the other, it needs to invest in health.

Discussing political priorities.

4

Por um lado, aprender uma língua é difícil; por outro, é muito gratificante.

On the one hand, learning a language is difficult; on the other, it is very rewarding.

Reflecting on the learning process.

5

Por um lado, o projeto é inovador, mas requer um grande investimento.

On the one hand, the project is innovative, but it requires a large investment.

Using 'requer' (requires) for formal descriptions.

6

Por um lado, a globalização traz vantagens económicas; por outro, ameaça as culturas locais.

On the one hand, globalization brings economic advantages; on the other, it threatens local cultures.

Using 'traz' (brings) and 'ameaça' (threatens).

7

Por um lado, ele é um excelente profissional; por outro, tem dificuldade em trabalhar em equipa.

On the one hand, he is an excellent professional; on the other, he has difficulty working in a team.

Contrasting professional skills with soft skills.

8

Por um lado, a dieta é rigorosa; por outro, os resultados são visíveis.

On the one hand, the diet is strict; on the other, the results are visible.

Discussing cause and effect.

1

Por um lado, a inteligência artificial promete revolucionar a medicina; por outro, levanta questões éticas complexas.

On the one hand, artificial intelligence promises to revolutionize medicine; on the other, it raises complex ethical questions.

Using 'promete' and 'levanta questões' for advanced topics.

2

Por um lado, o crescimento económico é essencial; por outro, não pode ser feito à custa do ambiente.

On the one hand, economic growth is essential; on the other, it cannot be done at the expense of the environment.

Using 'à custa de' (at the expense of).

3

Por um lado, a liberdade de expressão é um direito fundamental; por outro, deve ser exercida com responsabilidade.

On the one hand, freedom of expression is a fundamental right; on the other, it must be exercised with responsibility.

Using 'deve ser exercida' (must be exercised).

4

Por um lado, o autor utiliza uma linguagem arcaica; por outro, a temática da obra é extremamente atual.

On the one hand, the author uses archaic language; on the other, the theme of the work is extremely current.

Literary analysis using 'temática' and 'atual'.

5

Por um lado, a empresa expandiu-se rapidamente; por outro, a qualidade do serviço diminuiu.

On the one hand, the company expanded rapidly; on the other, the quality of service decreased.

Describing business trends and consequences.

6

Por um lado, o sistema educativo é inclusivo; por outro, carece de recursos tecnológicos.

On the one hand, the educational system is inclusive; on the other, it lacks technological resources.

Using 'carece de' (lacks).

7

Por um lado, a migração enriquece a diversidade cultural; por outro, coloca desafios à integração.

On the one hand, migration enriches cultural diversity; on the other, it poses challenges to integration.

Using 'enriquece' and 'coloca desafios'.

8

Por um lado, a reforma é necessária para a sustentabilidade do sistema; por outro, penaliza os mais vulneráveis.

On the one hand, the reform is necessary for the sustainability of the system; on the other, it penalizes the most vulnerable.

Discussing social policy with 'penaliza'.

1

Por um lado, a obra de Saramago desafia as convenções gramaticais; por outro, mergulha profundamente na psique humana.

On the one hand, Saramago's work challenges grammatical conventions; on the other, it dives deeply into the human psyche.

High-level literary criticism.

2

Por um lado, o neoliberalismo fomentou a eficiência do mercado; por outro, exacerbou as desigualdades sociais.

On the one hand, neoliberalism fostered market efficiency; on the other, it exacerbated social inequalities.

Using 'fomentou' and 'exacerbou' for academic precision.

3

Por um lado, a arquitetura modernista privilegia a funcionalidade; por outro, é frequentemente criticada pela sua frieza estética.

On the one hand, modernist architecture privileges functionality; on the other, it is often criticized for its aesthetic coldness.

Discussing art and design theory.

4

Por um lado, a descentralização administrativa aproxima o poder dos cidadãos; por outro, pode gerar ineficiências burocráticas.

On the one hand, administrative decentralization brings power closer to citizens; on the other, it can generate bureaucratic inefficiencies.

Political science terminology.

5

Por um lado, a neurociência explica os mecanismos do medo; por outro, a fenomenologia aborda a experiência vivida do sujeito.

On the one hand, neuroscience explains the mechanisms of fear; on the other, phenomenology addresses the subject's lived experience.

Contrasting scientific and philosophical approaches.

6

Por um lado, a austeridade visa o equilíbrio das contas públicas; por outro, compromete o crescimento económico a curto prazo.

On the one hand, austerity aims at balancing public accounts; on the other, it compromises short-term economic growth.

Economic discourse using 'visa' (aims at).

7

Por um lado, a digitalização do património garante a sua preservação; por outro, levanta dilemas sobre a autenticidade da experiência.

On the one hand, the digitalization of heritage ensures its preservation; on the other, it raises dilemmas about the authenticity of the experience.

Discussing cultural heritage and technology.

8

Por um lado, o bilinguismo precoce potencia a plasticidade cerebral; por outro, exige um suporte educativo constante e estruturado.

On the one hand, early bilingualism enhances brain plasticity; on the other, it requires constant and structured educational support.

Linguistic and psychological analysis.

1

Por um lado, a dialética hegeliana postula a superação das contradições; por outro, a desconstrução derridiana enfatiza a aporia insolúvel.

On the one hand, Hegelian dialectics postulates the overcoming of contradictions; on the other, Derridean deconstruction emphasizes the insoluble aporia.

Mastery of philosophical terminology and complex sentence structure.

2

Por um lado, o realismo mágico latino-americano transfigura o quotidiano; por outro, ancora-se firmemente na crueza da realidade sociopolítica.

On the one hand, Latin American magical realism transfigures the everyday; on the other, it is firmly anchored in the rawness of socio-political reality.

Using 'transfigura' and 'ancora-se' for literary mastery.

3

Por um lado, a entropia é a medida da desordem num sistema; por outro, é a condição sine qua non para a flecha do tempo.

On the one hand, entropy is the measure of disorder in a system; on the other, it is the sine qua non condition for the arrow of time.

Using Latin phrases and scientific concepts fluently.

4

Por um lado, a soberania nacional é o pilar da ordem vestfaliana; por outro, a governação global impõe-se como uma necessidade imperativa.

On the one hand, national sovereignty is the pillar of the Westphalian order; on the other, global governance imposes itself as an imperative necessity.

Geopolitical discourse at the highest level.

5

Por um lado, o idílico camoniano celebra a harmonia da natureza; por outro, o desconcerto do mundo revela a angústia existencial do poeta.

On the one hand, Camonian idyll celebrates the harmony of nature; on the other, the 'disconcert of the world' reveals the poet's existential anguish.

Deep knowledge of Portuguese literary history (Camões).

6

Por um lado, a hermenêutica jurídica busca a intenção do legislador; por outro, a interpretação evolutiva adapta a norma às mutações sociais.

On the one hand, legal hermeneutics seeks the legislator's intent; on the other, evolutionary interpretation adapts the norm to social mutations.

Legal philosophy at a professional level.

7

Por um lado, o minimalismo estético depura a forma até ao essencial; por outro, corre o risco de cair numa esterilidade semântica.

On the one hand, aesthetic minimalism purifies form to the essential; on the other, it runs the risk of falling into semantic sterility.

Using 'depura' and 'esterilidade semântica'.

8

Por um lado, a síncope rítmica define a essência do fado; por outro, a sua evolução contemporânea integra sonoridades eletrónicas audazes.

On the one hand, rhythmic syncope defines the essence of fado; on the other, its contemporary evolution integrates bold electronic sounds.

Discussing musicology and cultural evolution.

Common Collocations

Por um lado, mas...
Por um lado, por outro...
Se por um lado...
Embora por um lado...
Pois por um lado...
Porque por um lado...
Mas se por um lado...
Ainda que por um lado...
Visto que por um lado...
Dado que por um lado...

Common Phrases

Por um lado ou por outro

Ver por um lado

Analisar por um lado

Considerar por um lado

Pelo um lado (incorrect but heard)

Por um lado positivo

Por um lado negativo

Por um lado prático

Por um lado teórico

Por um lado financeiro

Often Confused With

por um lado vs De um lado para o outro

Means 'from one side to the other' (physical movement).

por um lado vs Ao lado de

Means 'next to' (spatial position).

por um lado vs Pelo lado de fora

Means 'from the outside'.

Idioms & Expressions

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

Easily Confused

por um lado vs

por um lado vs

por um lado vs

por um lado vs

por um lado vs

Sentence Patterns

Sign up free to see all examples

How to Use It

common collocations

Often used with 'ver', 'analisar', and 'considerar'.

dialect differences

In Brazil, 'de um lado' is slightly more common in casual speech than in Portugal.

Common Mistakes

Tips

The Comma is Key

Always place a comma after 'por um lado' when it starts a sentence. This helps with the rhythm and clarity of your argument.

Balance your arguments

If you use 'por um lado', make sure the second point is roughly as long or as important as the first one to maintain balance.

The Pause

When speaking, take a tiny pause after the phrase. It gives your listener time to prepare for the point you are about to make.

Pair it up

Memorize 'por um lado' and 'por outro lado' as a single unit. They are rarely seen without each other in good writing.

Academic Flair

Use this phrase in your essays to show that you can analyze a topic from multiple perspectives. It's a high-scoring technique.

Signal for Contrast

When you hear 'por um lado', get ready for a 'but' or a 'however'. It's a signal that the speaker is about to change direction.

Sound like a local

Native speakers use this all the time to avoid sounding too aggressive or one-sided. It's a polite way to disagree.

CELPE-Bras Tip

In the oral exam, use this phrase to structure your response when asked for your opinion on a controversial topic.

Binary Thinking

Use this phrase specifically for things that have two clear sides. If there are many sides, use 'sob vários aspetos' instead.

Avoid 'Em um lado'

Many learners say 'em um lado' because of English 'on one side'. Remember to use 'por' or 'de' instead.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'POrtal' (Por) to 'UM' (one) 'LADO' (side). You are entering one side of an argument.

Word Origin

From Latin 'per' (through/by) + 'unum' (one) + 'latus' (side).

Cultural Context

Common in academic writing and formal journalism, though 'de um lado' is frequent in speech.

Used extensively in political debates and news programs like 'Prós e Contras'.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Conversation Starters

"Por um lado, achas que a tecnologia é boa?"

"Por um lado, preferes viver na cidade ou no campo?"

"Por um lado, o que pensas sobre o novo projeto?"

"Por um lado, vale a pena comprar este carro?"

"Por um lado, concordas com a nova lei?"

Journal Prompts

Escreve sobre uma decisão difícil usando 'por um lado' e 'por outro lado'.

Compara dois países que visitaste usando esta expressão.

Descreve as vantagens e desvantagens do teu trabalho.

Analisa um livro que leste recentemente.

Reflete sobre os prós e contras das redes sociais.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Technically yes, but it sounds incomplete. It's like saying 'On the one hand...' and then walking away. It's best to follow it with a contrasting point or at least a 'mas' (but).

Yes, they are very similar. 'Por um lado' is more common in formal writing and standard speech, while 'de um lado' is slightly more informal or literal.

In most cases, yes. When it starts a sentence, a comma follows it. If it's in the middle of a sentence, it's often surrounded by commas.

It is always 'por um lado' because 'lado' is a masculine noun. 'Uma' is feminine and would be incorrect here.

Absolutely. It is perfectly standard and understood in all Portuguese-speaking countries.

The direct opposite is 'por outro lado' (on the other hand).

It's better to use 'primeiro', 'segundo', and 'terceiro' for lists. 'Por um lado' is specifically for a binary (two-sided) contrast.

It is neutral to formal. You can use it with friends, but it's also perfect for a university essay.

The 'm' is not fully pronounced like an English 'm'. Instead, it makes the 'u' sound nasal. It's similar to the 'un' in French 'un'.

No, that is grammatically incorrect. You should say 'por um lado'.

Sign up free for tips & notes

Test Yourself 43 questions

writing

Write a sentence using 'por um lado' and 'por outro lado' about your favorite food.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
speaking

Record yourself saying: 'Por um lado, o projeto é interessante; por outro, é arriscado.'

Read this aloud:

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
listening

Listen to the audio and identify the phrase used to introduce the first point.

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:

/ 43 correct

Perfect score!

Sign up free to practice

Related Content

Was this helpful?

Comments (0)

Login to Comment
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts!