Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Slovenian numbers 11-20 end in '-najst', which literally means 'on ten'.
- Numbers 11-19 follow the pattern: [digit] + 'najst' (e.g., enajst).
- The number 20 is a unique word: 'dvajset'.
- Unlike English, the digit part often merges with the suffix (e.g., 'en' + 'najst' = 'enajst').
Numbers 11-20
| Number | Slovenian | Root | Suffix |
|---|---|---|---|
|
11
|
enajst
|
en
|
najst
|
|
12
|
dvanajst
|
dva
|
najst
|
|
13
|
trinajst
|
tri
|
najst
|
|
14
|
štirinajst
|
štiri
|
najst
|
|
15
|
petnajst
|
pet
|
najst
|
|
16
|
šestnajst
|
šest
|
najst
|
|
17
|
sedemnajst
|
sedem
|
najst
|
|
18
|
osemnajst
|
osem
|
najst
|
|
19
|
devetnajst
|
devet
|
najst
|
|
20
|
dvajset
|
dva
|
deset
|
Meanings
These are the cardinal numbers used to count quantities from eleven to twenty in Slovenian.
Counting
Used for simple counting of objects or people.
“Imam dvanajst let.”
“Na mizi je trinajst knjig.”
Time
Used to tell time on a 12-hour clock.
“Ura je enajst.”
“Zdaj je dvanajst.”
Age
Used to express how old someone is.
“Star sem petnajst let.”
“Ona ima šestnajst let.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Number + Noun
|
Imam enajst knjig.
|
|
Question
|
Koliko + Noun
|
Koliko imaš let?
|
|
Time
|
Ura je + Number
|
Ura je dvanajst.
|
|
Age
|
Star sem + Number + let
|
Star sem petnajst let.
|
|
Negative
|
Nimam + Number + Noun
|
Nimam trinajst evrov.
|
|
Short Answer
|
Number
|
Koliko? Enajst.
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Imam dvanajst jabolk. (General)
Imam dvanajst jabolk. (General)
Imam dvanajst jabolk. (General)
Mam dvanajst jabolk. (General)
The -najst Suffix
Teens
- enajst 11
- dvanajst 12
수준별 예문
Imam enajst let.
I am eleven years old.
To je dvanajst evrov.
That is twelve euros.
Vidim trinajst psov.
I see thirteen dogs.
Dvajset minut je dovolj.
Twenty minutes is enough.
Štirinajst ljudi čaka v vrsti.
Fourteen people are waiting in line.
Petnajst minut do avtobusa.
Fifteen minutes until the bus.
Kupil sem šestnajst jabolk.
I bought sixteen apples.
Sedemnajst učencev je v razredu.
Seventeen students are in the classroom.
Osemnajst let je polnoletnost.
Eighteen years is the age of majority.
Devetnajst dni sem bil na poti.
I was on the road for nineteen days.
Dvajset ljudi je prišlo na zabavo.
Twenty people came to the party.
Enajst ur sem spal.
I slept for eleven hours.
Dvanajst mesecev je eno leto.
Twelve months is one year.
Trinajstega maja imam rojstni dan.
My birthday is on the thirteenth of May.
Štirinajst dni se imenuje teden.
Fourteen days is called a fortnight.
Petnajst odstotkov popusta.
Fifteen percent discount.
Šestnajst let izkušenj je veliko.
Sixteen years of experience is a lot.
Sedemnajstega stoletja se spominjamo.
We remember the seventeenth century.
Osemnajst poglavij ima knjiga.
The book has eighteen chapters.
Devetnajst tisoč evrov je cena.
Nineteen thousand euros is the price.
Dvajseta obletnica je pomemben mejnik.
The twentieth anniversary is an important milestone.
Enajstega novembra se praznuje.
On the eleventh of November, we celebrate.
Dvanajst apostolov je bilo z njim.
Twelve apostles were with him.
Trinajst ur traja let.
The flight lasts thirteen hours.
혼동하기 쉬운
Dvanajst and dvajset sound similar.
En vs Enajst.
Using enajst instead of enajsti.
자주 하는 실수
en-najst
enajst
deset-en
enajst
dvajset
dvanajst
tri-najst
trinajst
štiri-najst
štirinajst
pet-najst
petnajst
osem-najst
osemnajst
enajsti
enajst
dvanajstih
dvanajst
dvajset-najst
dvajset
enajst leti
enajst let
dvanajstih let
dvanajst let
문장 패턴
Imam ___ let.
Ura je ___.
Vidim ___ ptic.
Kupil sem ___ jabolk.
Real World Usage
Pridem ob enajstih.
To stane dvanajst evrov.
Vlak odpelje ob trinajstih.
Imam petnajst let izkušenj.
Naročil sem šestnajst pic.
Dvajset let od ustanovitve!
Focus on the suffix
Don't confuse 12 and 20
Use in context
Be precise
Smart Tips
Associate 12 with 'teen' and 20 with 'decade'.
Say them out loud to hear the -najst suffix.
Keep the number before the noun.
Always write as one word.
발음
Stress
Stress is usually on the first syllable.
Falling
Dvanajst ↘
Statement of fact
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'najst' as 'on-ten'. 11 is 'one-on-ten', 12 is 'two-on-ten'.
시각적 연상
Imagine a teenager (teen) standing on top of a giant number 10 block. The teenager is the digit, and the block is the 'najst'.
Rhyme
Enajst, dvanajst, trinajst, štirinajst, petnajst, šestnajst, sedemnajst, osemnajst, devetnajst, dvajset.
Story
I met 11 friends. We ate 12 cakes. We saw 13 birds. Then 14 cars passed by. We waited 15 minutes for 16 buses. 17 people joined us. 18 dogs barked. 19 cats ran. Finally, 20 stars appeared.
Word Web
챌린지
Count backwards from 20 to 11 while walking to the kitchen.
문화 노트
Numbers are used in daily life, especially for time and age. Being precise is valued.
Derived from Proto-Slavic 'na desęte' meaning 'on ten'.
대화 시작하기
Koliko si star?
Koliko je ura?
Koliko stane to?
Koliko ljudi je v sobi?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
11 is ___.
Which is 12?
Find and fix the mistake:
Imam dvajset let (when 12).
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
13
Answer starts with: tri...
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
15
16 apples
Score: /8
연습 문제
8 exercises11 is ___.
Which is 12?
Find and fix the mistake:
Imam dvajset let (when 12).
let / sem / petnajst / Star.
13
14
15
16 apples
Score: /8
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
It comes from 'en' (one) and 'najst' (on-ten).
No, 20 is 'dvajset'.
Just use the number: 'Ura je enajst'.
No, these numbers are neutral.
That is a case form for specific grammar.
Dvanajst (12) vs Dvajset (20).
Yes, they work for everything.
Yes, they are standard.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
elf, zwölf, dreizehn
German uses -zehn for teens, Slovenian uses -najst.
onze, douze, treize
French is not transparently additive like Slovenian.
once, doce, trece
Spanish is not additive.
juu-ichi, juu-ni
Japanese puts the 10 first, Slovenian puts it last.
ahada 'ashar
Arabic uses two words, Slovenian uses one.
shí-yī, shí-èr
Chinese uses two words, Slovenian uses one.
