Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'Kdo' to ask about people; it is the direct equivalent of the English 'Who'.
- Use 'Kdo' only for people: Kdo je to? (Who is this?)
- It does not change for gender: Kdo je prišel? (Who came? - masculine or feminine)
- It is placed at the start of the sentence: Kdo te kliče? (Who is calling you?)
Interrogative Pronoun 'Kdo' Usage
| Form | Function | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Kdo
|
Nominative (Subject)
|
Kdo je tam?
|
|
Koga
|
Accusative/Genitive (Object)
|
Koga vidiš?
|
|
Komu
|
Dative (Indirect Object)
|
Komu si dal darilo?
|
|
S kom
|
Instrumental (With whom)
|
S kom greš?
|
|
O kom
|
Locative (About whom)
|
O kom govoriš?
|
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative Question
|
Kdo + Verb + ...?
|
Kdo je to?
|
|
Past Tense
|
Kdo + je + Past Participle?
|
Kdo je prišel?
|
|
Future Tense
|
Kdo + bo + Verb?
|
Kdo bo pomagal?
|
|
With Preposition
|
Prep + Koga/Kom?
|
S kom greš?
|
|
Indirect Question
|
Verb + kdo + ...
|
Ne vem, kdo je to.
|
|
Plural Context
|
Kdo + Verb (Plural)?
|
Kdo so ti ljudje?
|
Meanings
The interrogative pronoun 'kdo' is used to inquire about the identity of a person or persons.
Identifying a person
Asking for the name or identity of someone.
“Kdo je tam?”
“Kdo te je poklical?”
正式程度
Kdo je to? (General)
Kdo je? (General)
Kdo je to? (General)
Kdo pa je to? (General)
The 'Kdo' Concept Map
Usage
- People Ljudje
Grammar
- Subject Osebek
按水平分级的例句
Kdo je to?
Who is this?
Kdo si ti?
Who are you?
Kdo je tam?
Who is there?
Kdo je ona?
Who is she?
Kdo je napisal to knjigo?
Who wrote this book?
Kdo bo danes kuhal?
Who will cook today?
Kdo te je poklical?
Who called you?
Kdo je zmagal na tekmi?
Who won the match?
Ne vem, kdo je to rekel.
I don't know who said that.
Kdo bi si mislil, da bo deževalo?
Who would have thought it would rain?
Kdo je tisti človek v kotu?
Who is that person in the corner?
Kdo je odgovoren za ta projekt?
Who is responsible for this project?
Kdo, če ne mi, bo spremenil svet?
Who, if not us, will change the world?
Kdo je bil tisti, ki je prvi prišel?
Who was the one who arrived first?
Kdo bi lahko vedel za to skrivnost?
Who could have known about this secret?
Kdo je tisti, ki ga iščeš?
Who is the one you are looking for?
Kdo ve, kakšne bodo posledice?
Who knows what the consequences will be?
Kdo bi si drznil nasprotovati temu?
Who would dare to oppose this?
Kdo je tisti, ki si lasti to pravico?
Who is the one who claims this right?
Kdo bi lahko predvidel takšen razplet?
Who could have predicted such an outcome?
Kdo, razen nas, se zaveda pomena tega?
Who, other than us, is aware of the meaning of this?
Kdo bi si upal trditi nasprotno?
Who would dare to claim the contrary?
Kdo je tisti, ki ga zgodovina pomni?
Who is the one whom history remembers?
Kdo bi lahko razvozlal to uganko?
Who could have unraveled this riddle?
容易混淆
Learners mix up 'who' and 'what'.
Learners use 'kdo' for selection.
Learners use 'kdo' as a relative pronoun.
常见错误
Kaj je to oseba?
Kdo je ta oseba?
Kdo so to?
Kdo je to?
To je kdo?
Kdo je to?
Kdo ti?
Kdo si ti?
Kdo si videl?
Koga si videl?
Kdo je to knjigo napisal?
Kdo je napisal to knjigo?
Kdo greš?
Kdo gre?
Kdo si dal darilo?
Komu si dal darilo?
Z kdo greš?
S kom greš?
Kdo je tisti, kateri je prišel?
Kdo je tisti, ki je prišel?
Kdo bi si mislil to?
Kdo bi si bil mislil to?
Kdo je tisti, ki ga jaz iščem?
Kdo je tisti, ki ga iščem?
Kdo bi vedel?
Kdo bi vedel!
句型
Kdo je ___?
Kdo je ___ to?
Kdo bi ___?
Kdo je tisti, ki ___?
Real World Usage
Kdo si?
Kdo je to?
Kdo je odgovoren?
Kdo mi lahko pomaga?
Kdo dostavlja?
Kdo ve odgovor?
Keep it simple
People only
Listen for 'kdo'
Be polite
Smart Tips
Always use 'kdo'.
Use 'kaj' instead of 'kdo'.
Keep it at the start.
Check if it's the subject.
发音
Kdo
Pronounced as /kdo/. The 'k' and 'd' are distinct.
Question
Kdo je to? ↗
Rising intonation at the end.
记住它
记忆技巧
Kdo sounds like 'K-do' (Who do you know?).
视觉联想
Imagine a person standing at a door with a big question mark over their head. That person is 'Kdo'.
Rhyme
Kdo is for a person, you see, ask about them easily.
Story
A detective walks into a room. He points at a stranger and asks 'Kdo?'. The stranger smiles and says 'Me!'. The detective writes 'Kdo' in his notebook.
Word Web
挑战
Ask 5 people today 'Kdo si?' (Who are you?) or 'Kdo je to?' (Who is this?) in a safe environment.
文化笔记
Slovenians are direct with 'kdo' in formal settings, but adding 'pa' can soften it.
Derived from Proto-Slavic *kъto.
对话开场白
Kdo je tvoj najljubši igralec?
Kdo je danes prišel v šolo?
Kdo bi lahko bil ta skrivnostni gost?
Kdo je po tvojem mnenju najbolj vpliven človek?
日记主题
常见错误
Test Yourself
___ je to?
___ je tvoj prijatelj?
Find and fix the mistake:
Kaj je tvoj oče?
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Who is she?
Answer starts with: Kdo...
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
___ si videl?
A: ___? B: Jaz sem.
Score: /8
练习题
8 exercises___ je to?
___ je tvoj prijatelj?
Find and fix the mistake:
Kaj je tvoj oče?
je / kdo / to / ?
Who is she?
Kdo je to?
___ si videl?
A: ___? B: Jaz sem.
Score: /8
常见问题 (8)
No, use 'kaj' for animals.
No, it is always 'kdo'.
At the beginning.
It is neutral.
Kdo is for people, Kaj is for things.
Yes, very often.
Yes, it is standard.
Because of case declensions.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
quién
Slovenian 'kdo' does not change for number.
qui
Slovenian distinguishes between interrogative 'kdo' and relative 'ki'.
wer
German 'wer' is strictly nominative; Slovenian 'kdo' is also nominative.
dare
Word order is the main difference.
man
Arabic is a Semitic language, so the structure is different.
shei
Chinese does not have case declensions like Slovenian.
