偶然

Not qualified or limited in any way; total. Used to emphasize that something is completely true or certain.

Used to emphasize the real facts of a situation, especially when they are different from what people believe or expect. Functions like 'actually' or 'in fact'.

Exactly, after all, or actually. It is used in questions to press for a definite answer or to emphasize the final outcome of a situation.

After all, or in the final analysis. It is used to emphasize a fundamental fact that should be considered despite other circumstances.

Used to introduce a fact that makes the main statement surprising. It functions like 'although' or 'even though' in English.

Although; even though. It introduces a concessive clause, indicating a fact that makes the main clause surprising or contrasting.

To prove or demonstrate a point through reasoning and evidence; argumentation.

The basis, foundation, or evidence upon which a statement, decision, or theory is established.

The relationship between cause and effect; the principle that every action has a consequence.

To compare; to be compared with. Used frequently in IELTS Task 1 (describing charts) and Task 2 (comparing arguments).