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B1 noun #9,000 most common 9 min read

道歉信

dàoqiànxìn Top 9,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 道歉信 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 道歉信 in your Level:

At the A1 level, students should recognize that 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn) means 'sorry letter.' You don't need to write a long one yet. Just know that '信' means letter and '道歉' means to say sorry. You might see this word in a simple textbook story where a child says sorry to a friend. For example: '我写道歉信。' (I write an apology letter.) Focus on the basic structure: Subject + Verb + Object. Remember that '一封' (yī fēng) is the counting word for letters. If you lose a friend's book, a teacher might tell you: '写一封道歉信吧。' (Write an apology letter.) It's a useful word for basic social interactions in school or at home. At this stage, you only need to know that this is a written way to say '对不起' (duì bù qǐ). Use simple words in your letter, like '对不起' and '我不小心' (I was not careful).

At the A2 level, you should be able to use 道歉信 in slightly more complex sentences. You can describe who the letter is for and why you are writing it. Use the pattern: '因为 [reason]，我给 [person] 写了一封道歉信。' (Because of [reason], I wrote an apology letter to [person].) You should also recognize the difference between a verbal apology and a written one. For example, '口头道歉不够，我得写一封道歉信。' (A verbal apology is not enough; I have to write an apology letter.) You might encounter this word when learning about daily life and social manners. At A2, you are expected to understand that letters have a specific format in Chinese, starting with a greeting like '亲爱的' (dear) for friends or '尊敬的' (respected) for teachers. Practice identifying the word in short emails or notes. It is a key vocabulary item for the HSK 2 or 3 exams where social functions are tested.

At the B1 level, 道歉信 becomes a critical functional tool. This is the level of the IELTS General Training candidate. You need to know how to structure a formal apology letter. You should use more professional verbs like '表达' (to express) and '致以' (to extend). For example: '我想通过这封道歉信表达我的歉意。' (I would like to express my apologies through this apology letter.) You should be able to discuss the necessity of such letters in business. '如果公司犯了错，必须给客户发道歉信。' (If a company makes a mistake, they must send an apology letter to the customer.) You should also be familiar with related terms like '诚恳' (sincere) and '原谅' (to forgive). At B1, you are expected to write about 100-150 words for a task involving an apology. You should understand that a 道歉信 needs a clear purpose, a clear explanation, and a clear solution. This word is central to navigating semi-formal social situations in a Chinese-speaking environment.

At the B2 level, you should understand the nuances of 道歉信 in various professional and public contexts. You can analyze the tone of a letter—whether it is defensive, sincere, or overly formal. You will use the word in discussions about public relations (PR) and crisis management. For example: '这封道歉信的辞令非常讲究，旨在挽回品牌形象。' (The wording of this apology letter is very sophisticated, aimed at restoring the brand image.) You should be able to compare a 道歉信 with a 检讨书 or a 声明 (statement). At this level, your own writing should include advanced transitional phrases and honorifics. You might read news reports about a celebrity's '公开道歉信' (public apology letter) and be able to summarize the main points and the public's reaction. You understand that the '信' (trust) part of the word implies a social contract. You can use the word to debate topics like 'Is a written apology more effective than a face-to-face one?'

At the C1 level, you use 道歉信 in the context of high-level diplomacy, legal disputes, and literary analysis. You understand the historical evolution of the 'apology' genre in Chinese literature. You can draft a 道歉信 that uses 'Chengyu' (idioms) and classical Chinese elements to show extreme respect or deep intellectual reflection. For example: '针对此次疏忽，我方特呈递此份道歉信，以期获得贵方的谅解。' (Regarding this negligence, our side specially submits this apology letter, hoping to obtain your understanding.) You can identify subtle 'non-apologies' where the writer uses the form of a 道歉信 but avoids taking responsibility. You will encounter this word in legal documents where an apology letter is mandated by a court to restore a person's reputation (恢复名誉). You are capable of critiquing the rhetoric used in corporate apologies during global scandals. Your vocabulary surrounding this word includes terms like '委婉' (euphemistic), '严谨' (rigorous), and '推卸责任' (to shirk responsibility).

At the C2 level, you have a masterly command over the concept of the 道歉信. You can write one in any style, from a poetic, heart-wrenching personal letter to a cold, legally-impermeable corporate document. You understand the sociopolitical implications of a state-level 道歉信 (e.g., between nations). You can discuss the word in terms of 'speech act theory' and how the written word '道歉' functions as a performative utterance. You might analyze how the structure of a 道歉信 reflects power dynamics between the sender and the receiver. For instance, '这封道歉信不仅仅是文字的堆砌，更是权力博弈的产物。' (This apology letter is not just a pile of words, but a product of power dynamics.) You are able to translate complex English apologies into Chinese while maintaining the exact level of nuance, subtext, and cultural appropriateness. You can handle the most sensitive situations where a single wrong character in a 道歉信 could lead to a total breakdown in negotiations.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

道歉信 in 30 Seconds

道歉信 is the Chinese term for an apology letter, used in both personal and professional contexts.
It consists of '道歉' (to apologize) and '信' (letter), and uses the measure word '封'.
Writing a 道歉信 is a key skill for B1 learners and IELTS General Training candidates.
The core components are an apology, an explanation, and a solution or remedy.

The term 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn) is a compound noun in Chinese that directly translates to 'apology letter.' In the context of interpersonal relationships, business communication, and academic requirements, it represents a formal or informal written document intended to express regret, acknowledge a mistake, and seek forgiveness or reconciliation. Unlike a verbal apology, which can be fleeting or informal, a 道歉信 carries a weight of permanence and sincerity, showing that the sender has taken the time to reflect on their actions and put their thoughts into a structured format.

Cultural Significance: In Chinese culture, the concept of 'face' (面子 - miànzi) is paramount. Writing a 道歉信 is often seen as a way to restore 'face' for both the sender and the receiver. It acknowledges a breach in social harmony (和谐 - héxié) and attempts to mend the relationship through a respectful medium. It is not just about saying 'sorry'; it is about demonstrating a high level of emotional intelligence and social awareness.
Structure and Tone: A standard 道歉信 typically consists of three main parts: an explicit statement of apology, a detailed explanation of the incident (without making excessive excuses), and a proposal for compensation or a promise to prevent future occurrences. The tone varies significantly based on the relationship; a letter to a supervisor requires high-level formal honorifics, while a letter to a friend focuses on emotional sincerity.

如果你不小心弄坏了朋友的电脑，你应该写一封诚恳的道歉信。(If you accidentally broke a friend's computer, you should write a sincere apology letter.)

In the modern digital age, while many apologies are sent via instant messaging apps like WeChat, the formal 道歉信 remains a staple in professional environments. For instance, if a company fails to deliver a product on time, they might issue an official public 道歉信 to their customers to maintain their brand reputation. This document serves as a legal and social record of the company's accountability.

这封道歉信写得非常得体，缓解了双方的紧张关系。(This apology letter was written very appropriately, easing the tension between both parties.)

The Components of the Word: The word is composed of three characters: 道 (dào) meaning 'to speak' or 'to express', 歉 (qiàn) meaning 'regret' or 'deficiency', and 信 (xìn) meaning 'letter' or 'trust'. Together, they literally mean 'a letter expressing regret'. The inclusion of 'trust' in the word for letter highlights the underlying expectation that the letter is a truthful representation of one's feelings.

公司在报纸上发表了一封公开的道歉信。(The company published a public apology letter in the newspaper.)

Using 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn) correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of standard Chinese verb-object structures and measure words. Because it is a physical or digital document, it is often paired with verbs related to writing, sending, or receiving. The most common measure word used with it is 封 (fēng), which is specifically used for letters and emails.

Common Verb Pairings

写 (xiě): To write. Example: 写一封道歉信 (To write an apology letter).
寄 (jì): To mail/send. Example: 寄出一封道歉信 (To send out an apology letter).
收到 (shōu dào): To receive. Example: 收到他的道歉信 (To receive his apology letter).
发表 (fā biǎo): To publish (for public apologies). Example: 发表道歉信 (To publish an apology letter).

由于我昨天的失约，我必须给李经理写一封道歉信。(Due to my missed appointment yesterday, I must write an apology letter to Manager Li.)

In grammatical terms, 道歉信 usually functions as the direct object of the sentence. However, it can also be the subject when describing the quality or effect of the letter itself. For example, 'The apology letter was very moving' translates to '这封道歉信非常感人' (Zhè fēng dàoqiàn xìn fēicháng gǎnrén). Note how the measure word 封 is used with the demonstrative pronoun 这 (this).

他在道歉信中详细解释了事情的经过。(In the apology letter, he explained the course of events in detail.)

Register and Adjectives

You can modify 道歉信 with various adjectives to specify its nature:

正式的 (zhèngshì de): Formal. For business or legal contexts.
诚恳的 (chéngkěn de): Sincere. Used when expressing deep regret.
公开的 (gōngkāi de): Public. Used when a celebrity or company addresses a crowd.
简短的 (jiǎnduǎn de): Brief. For minor infractions.

这封道歉信虽然简短，但表达了他的真心。(Although this apology letter is brief, it expresses his true heart.)

The word 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn) is frequently encountered in both spoken and written Chinese across several domains. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize its importance in maintaining social and professional order. It is a word that bridges the gap between private sentiment and public record.

In the Workplace: In a corporate environment, a 道歉信 is often the first step in crisis management. If a project deadline is missed or a client is offended, a manager might say, '我们需要给客户发一封正式的道歉信' (Wǒmen xūyào gěi kèhù fā yī fēng zhèngshì de dàoqiàn xìn). It serves as a professional courtesy that can prevent legal disputes or loss of business contracts.
In Schools and Education: Students who violate school rules or fail to hand in assignments might be asked by teachers to write a 道歉信 or its more severe cousin, the 检讨书 (jiǎntǎo shū). While a 检讨书 is a self-criticism, a 道歉信 is often used when the student's behavior has directly affected another person, such as a peer or a faculty member.

在社交媒体上，明星们经常发布道歉信来回应负面新闻。(On social media, celebrities often post apology letters to respond to negative news.)

In the realm of entertainment and social media (娱乐圈 - yúlèquān), you will often see the phrase '发布道歉信' (fābù dàoqiàn xìn) in news headlines. When a public figure is involved in a scandal, their PR team will carefully craft a 道歉信 to post on platforms like Weibo. These letters are analyzed by millions of netizens for their sincerity and choice of words.

快递公司因为弄丢了包裹，给王先生写了一封道歉信。(The courier company wrote an apology letter to Mr. Wang because they lost the package.)

Customer Service: When using apps like Meituan or Taobao, if a merchant makes a mistake, they might send a digital 道歉信 through the app's messaging system. This is a common part of 'after-sales service' (售后服务 - shòuhòu fúwù) in China's robust e-commerce ecosystem.

我收到了酒店的一封道歉信，他们还送了我一份免费早餐。(I received an apology letter from the hotel, and they also gave me a free breakfast.)

While the concept of a 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn) seems straightforward, learners often make subtle errors in usage, tone, and grammar. Avoiding these mistakes is crucial for ensuring your apology is received as intended and doesn't inadvertently cause further offense.

Mistake 1: Confusing Measure Words: Learners often use the generic measure word 个 (gè) instead of the specific 封 (fēng). While '一个道歉信' might be understood, it sounds uneducated and informal. Always use '一封道歉信' for a written letter or email.
Mistake 2: Incorrect Prepositions: In English, we say 'apology to someone.' In Chinese, learners sometimes incorrectly use 到 (dào) or 对 (duì) when 给 (gěi) is the standard preposition for directing a letter. Correct: 给老师写道歉信. Incorrect: 到老师写道歉信.

错误：他写了一个道歉信。(Incorrect measure word '个')
正确：他写了一封道歉信。(Correct measure word '封')

Another common issue is the level of formality. Using informal slang in a 道歉信 intended for a superior can be disastrous. Conversely, using overly stiff, archaic language with a close friend can make the apology seem robotic or insincere. It is vital to match the vocabulary of the letter to the relationship.

他在道歉信里一直找借口，这让对方更生气了。(He kept making excuses in the apology letter, which made the other person even angrier.)

Tone Deafness: A common 'Western' mistake is to focus on the 'I' (e.g., 'I didn't mean to...'). In a Chinese 道歉信, focus more on the 'You' (e.g., 'I realize this caused you trouble...'). Shifting the focus from your intentions to their feelings is key to a successful Chinese apology.

写道歉信时，态度一定要诚恳。(When writing an apology letter, your attitude must be sincere.)

In Chinese, there are several words that are related to 道歉信 (dào qiàn xìn), but they carry different nuances of severity, formality, and context. Choosing the right one is essential for precise communication.

道歉信 vs. 检讨书 (jiǎntǎo shū): A 道歉信 is a general letter of apology to someone else. A 检讨书 is a 'self-criticism' or 'reflection letter' often required by authorities (like teachers or bosses) after a mistake. It is more about analyzing one's own faults than just expressing regret.
道歉信 vs. 赔礼 (péilǐ): 赔礼 refers to the act of making an apology, often accompanied by a gift. You might say '去赔礼道歉' (to go and apologize with a gift). While a 道歉信 is just the document, 赔礼 implies a more holistic process of making amends.

比起口头道歉，写一封道歉信显得更正式。(Compared to a verbal apology, writing an apology letter appears more formal.)

Register Comparison

悔过书 (huǐguò shū): A 'penitence letter.' Much more serious, often used in legal or very grave disciplinary contexts.
谢罪 (xièzuì): To apologize for a major crime or sin. Extremely formal and heavy.
赔罪 (péizuì): Similar to 赔礼, but focuses more on the 'guilt' (罪 - zuì) aspect.

这封道歉信实际上是一份悔过书。(This apology letter is actually a letter of penitence.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In ancient China, formal apologies were often performed through rituals rather than letters. The transition to the '道歉信' as a standard reflects the modernization of Chinese social etiquette and the influence of Western-style correspondence.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /daʊ tʃjɛn ʃɪn/

US /daʊ tʃjɛn ʃɪn/

Primary stress on the second syllable 'qiàn' and the third syllable 'xìn'.

Rhymes With

信 (xìn) rhymes with 进 (jìn - enter) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 近 (jìn - near) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 尽 (jìn - exhaust) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 禁 (jìn - forbid) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 亲 (qīn - relative/close) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 金 (jīn - gold) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 斤 (jīn - catty/unit) 信 (xìn) rhymes with 今 (jīn - now)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'xin' like 'sin' (the 'x' in Pinyin is more palatal).
Using the wrong tone for 'qian' (it must be 4th tone, falling).
Confusing 'dao' (4th tone) with 'dao' (3rd tone - to reach).
Dropping the 'n' at the end of 'qian'.
Merging 'qian' and 'xin' into one sound.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

The characters are standard, but formal letters use complex vocabulary.

Writing 4/5

Requires knowledge of letter-writing etiquette and honorifics.

Speaking 2/5

The word itself is easy to say, but explaining one is harder.

Listening 3/5

Can be heard in news reports or office settings.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

道歉 (to apologize) 信 (letter) 对不起 (sorry) 写 (write) 封 (measure word for letters)

Learn Next

投诉信 (complaint letter) 感谢信 (thank you letter) 建议信 (suggestion letter) 申请信 (application letter) 邀请信 (invitation letter)

Advanced

公关危机 (PR crisis) 舆论 (public opinion) 诚意 (sincerity) 挽回 (restore/salvage) 谅解 (understanding/forgiveness)

Grammar to Know

Measure Word '封'

我写了三封道歉信。

Preposition '给' for recipient

给朋友写道歉信。

Resultative Complements

道歉信写好了。

Conjunction '虽然...但是...'

虽然写了道歉信，但是他还没原谅我。

Formal Honorifics (尊敬的)

尊敬的李经理：...

Examples by Level

我写一封道歉信。

I write an apology letter.

Subject + Verb + Measure Word + Noun.

这是一封道歉信。

This is an apology letter.

Using '这' (this) with '是' (is).

道歉信在桌子上。

The apology letter is on the table.

Location structure: Noun + 在 + Place.

他不写道歉信。

He does not write an apology letter.

Negation with '不'.

给你道歉信。

Give you the apology letter.

Giving structure: 给 + Person + Noun.

我的道歉信很短。

My apology letter is very short.

Possessive '的' and adjective '很短'.

你要写道歉信吗？

Do you want to write an apology letter?

Question with '吗'.

对不起，这是道歉信。

Sorry, this is the apology letter.

Combining an apology with the noun.

我昨天给老师写了一封道歉信。

I wrote an apology letter to the teacher yesterday.

Time + 给 + Person + Verb + 了.

因为我迟到了，所以要写道歉信。

Because I was late, I have to write an apology letter.

Because... so... (因为...所以...).

这封道歉信写得很好。

This apology letter is written very well.

Degree complement with '得'.

他没收到我的道歉信。

He didn't receive my apology letter.

Past negation with '没'.

我想寄一封道歉信给他。

I want to mail an apology letter to him.

Verb '寄' (to mail).

虽然我写了道歉信，但他还是生气。

Although I wrote an apology letter, he is still angry.

Although... still... (虽然...还是...).

请看这封道歉信。

Please look at this apology letter.

Polite request with '请'.

你写完道歉信了吗？

Have you finished writing the apology letter?

Resultative complement '完' (finish).

在写道歉信时，你应该先说明原因。

When writing an apology letter, you should first explain the reason.

Structure: 在...时 (when...).

这封道歉信表达了我诚恳的歉意。

This apology letter expresses my sincere apologies.

Verb '表达' (to express).

如果你弄坏了别人的东西，写道歉信是很有礼貌的。

If you break someone else's things, writing an apology letter is very polite.

Conditional '如果...的话'.

经理要求我给客户写一封正式的道歉信。

The manager required me to write a formal apology letter to the customer.

Pivotal sentence with '要求'.

我收到了一封来自酒店经理的道歉信。

I received an apology letter from the hotel manager.

Origin '来自' (from).

这封道歉信缓解了我们之间的误会。

This apology letter eased the misunderstanding between us.

Verb '缓解' (to ease/alleviate).

写道歉信不需要太长，关键是真心。

An apology letter doesn't need to be too long; the key is sincerity.

Structure '关键是' (the key is).

他正在考虑如何回复这封道歉信。

He is considering how to reply to this apology letter.

Verb '回复' (to reply).

公司发表了一封公开道歉信，承认了产品的缺陷。

The company published a public apology letter, admitting to product defects.

Verb '发表' (to publish/issue).

道歉信的语气必须根据对方的身份来调整。

The tone of the apology letter must be adjusted according to the other person's identity.

Structure '根据...来调整'.

尽管他写了道歉信，但造成的损失已经无法挽回。

Despite writing an apology letter, the losses caused are already irreversible.

Conjunction '尽管' (despite).

这封道歉信不仅是道歉，还提出了补偿方案。

This apology letter is not just an apology; it also proposes a compensation plan.

Structure '不仅...还...'.

在处理公关危机时，及时的道歉信至关重要。

When handling a PR crisis, a timely apology letter is crucial.

Adjective '至关重要' (crucial).

他拒绝接受那封毫无诚意的道歉信。

He refused to accept that insincere apology letter.

Compound adjective '毫无诚意' (without any sincerity).

这封道歉信是由律师代写的，显得有些生硬。

This apology letter was ghostwritten by a lawyer, so it seems a bit stiff.

Passive structure '由...代写'.

通过这封道歉信，双方终于达成了和解。

Through this apology letter, both parties finally reached a settlement.

Preposition '通过' (through/by).

这封道歉信措辞严谨，巧妙地避开了法律责任。

This apology letter is rigorously worded, cleverly avoiding legal liability.

Advanced vocabulary '措辞严谨'.

他在道歉信中流露出的悔恨之情令人动容。

The feelings of remorse revealed in his apology letter were moving.

Structure '流露出的...之情'.

道歉信往往被视为一种修复社会关系的仪式。

Apology letters are often viewed as a ritual for repairing social relationships.

Passive '被视为' (be viewed as).

鉴于事态严重，仅凭一封道歉信恐怕难以平息众怒。

Given the severity of the situation, an apology letter alone might be insufficient to appease public anger.

Structure '仅凭...恐怕难以'.

这封道歉信标志着长达三年的法律纠纷告一段落。

This apology letter marks the end of a three-year legal dispute.

Verb '标志着' (to mark/signify).

他笔下的道歉信充满了文人雅士的谦逊与风骨。

The apology letter from his pen is full of the humility and character of a scholar.

Metaphorical '笔下' (under the pen).

道歉信的内容应聚焦于受害者的感受，而非自身的辩解。

The content of an apology letter should focus on the victim's feelings, rather than one's own excuses.

Structure '应聚焦于...而非...'.

这份道歉信被收录在《现代书信选集》中。

This apology letter was included in the 'Selected Modern Correspondence' collection.

Passive '被收录在'.

这封道歉信在字里行间透露出一种难以言说的无奈。

This apology letter reveals an unspeakable helplessness between the lines.

Idiom '字里行间' (between the lines).

道歉信作为一种文本载体，承载了复杂的文化心理。

As a textual medium, the apology letter carries complex cultural psychology.

Noun '载体' (carrier/medium).

他拒绝在那封带有羞辱性质的道歉信上签字。

He refused to sign that apology letter, which was insulting in nature.

Structure '带有...性质的'.

这封道歉信的发布，引发了关于言论自由与社会责任的广泛辩论。

The publication of this apology letter sparked a wide debate about freedom of speech and social responsibility.

Nominalization of '发布'.

其道歉信之卑躬屈膝，令在场的所有人都感到震惊。

The servility of his apology letter shocked everyone present.

Classical Chinese structure '其...之...'.

在这封道歉信中，他反思了权力对人性的异化。

In this apology letter, he reflected on the alienation of human nature by power.

Philosophical term '异化' (alienation).

道歉信的精髓不在于辞藻的华丽，而在于灵魂的忏悔。

The essence of an apology letter lies not in the flowery rhetoric, but in the repentance of the soul.

Structure '不在于...而在于...'.

通过对这封道歉信的文本互涉研究，我们可以窥见时代的变迁。

Through the intertextual study of this apology letter, we can catch a glimpse of the changes of the times.

Academic term '文本互涉' (intertextuality).

Synonyms

歉信申歉信

Antonyms

感谢信投诉信

Common Collocations

写一封道歉信

寄出道歉信

正式的道歉信

诚恳的道歉信

公开道歉信

收到道歉信

一份道歉信

回复道歉信

道歉信的内容

拒绝道歉信

Common Phrases

致以道歉信

— To extend an apology letter to someone.

向全体员工致以道歉信。

草拟道歉信

— To draft an apology letter.

秘书正在草拟道歉信。

发布道歉信

— To publish/release an apology letter.

公司官微发布了道歉信。

随信附上道歉信

— To attach an apology letter with the main correspondence.

在包裹里随信附上了一封道歉信。

道歉信样本

— An apology letter sample/template.

网上有很多道歉信样本。

一封简短的道歉信

— A brief apology letter.

他只写了一封简短的道歉信。

书面道歉信

— A written apology letter.

我要求他提供书面道歉信。

长篇道歉信

— A long-form apology letter.

他写了一封长篇道歉信来解释。

深夜发布道歉信

— To post an apology letter late at night (common for celebrities).

他选择在深夜发布道歉信。

手写道歉信

— A handwritten apology letter (shows more sincerity).

手写道歉信更有诚意。

Often Confused With

道歉信 vs 检讨书

A self-criticism letter for authority, usually more internal and disciplinary.

道歉信 vs 感谢信

A thank-you letter; similar structure but opposite sentiment.

道歉信 vs 投诉信

A complaint letter; the opposite side of the conflict.

Idioms & Expressions

"负荆请罪"

— To offer a humble apology (literally: carrying thorns on one's back to ask for punishment).

他带着道歉信去负荆请罪。

Literary

"赔礼道歉"

— To make an apology and offer amends.

他不仅写了道歉信，还亲自去赔礼道歉。

Neutral

"言辞恳切"

— Words are sincere and earnest (often used to describe a 道歉信).

这封道歉信言辞恳切。

Formal

"开诚布公"

— To be open and sincere.

他在道歉信中开诚布公地谈到了自己的错误。

Formal

"通情达理"

— Reasonable and understanding (how the receiver should be).

希望你看了道歉信后能通情达理。

Neutral

"弥补过失"

— To make up for a mistake.

写道歉信是为了弥补过失。

Neutral

"悔过自新"

— To repent and start anew.

这封道歉信是他悔过自新的开始。

Formal

"洗心革面"

— To thoroughly reform oneself.

他在道歉信中承诺洗心革面。

Idiomatic

"卑躬屈膝"

— To bow and scrape; excessively servile (negative connotation).

这封道歉信写得太卑躬屈膝了。

Negative

"于事无补"

— To be of no help to the matter.

现在才写道歉信已经于事无补了。

Neutral

Easily Confused

道歉信 vs 抱歉

Both mean 'sorry'.

'抱歉' is usually an adjective or a verb for feeling sorry, while '道歉信' is a noun for the physical letter.

我很抱歉，所以我写了道歉信。

道歉信 vs 赔礼

Both involve apologizing.

'赔礼' is the act or the accompanying gift, while '道歉信' is specifically the written text.

他带着礼物去赔礼，还写了一封道歉信。

道歉信 vs 申明

Both can be formal public documents.

A '申明' is a general statement or declaration, which may or may not include an apology.

公司的申明中有一段是道歉信。

道歉信 vs 回信

Both are types of letters.

'回信' is a reply letter regardless of content.

他收到道歉信后写了回信。

道歉信 vs 私信

Both can be personal messages.

'私信' is a direct/private message on social media (DM).

他在微博上给我发了一封道歉信的私信。

Sentence Patterns

我写 + [道歉信]。

我写道歉信。

给 + [人] + 写 + [道歉信]。

给老师写道歉信。

这是一封 + [形容词] + 的道歉信。

这是一封诚恳的道歉信。

为了 + [原因] + 我写了道歉信。

为了迟到，我写了道歉信。

在道歉信中，他 + [动作]。

在道歉信中，他表达了歉意。

[人] + 拒绝接受 + [道歉信]。

他拒绝接受我的道歉信。

[道歉信] + 旨在 + [目的]。

这封道歉信旨在挽回声誉。

鉴于 + [情况] + 呈递 + [道歉信]。

鉴于误会，特呈递道歉信。

Word Family

Nouns

道歉 (apology)

歉意 (regret/apology)

信件 (letter/correspondence)

书信 (written letter)

道歉者 (apologizer)

Verbs

道歉 (to apologize)

致歉 (to extend an apology)

抱歉 (to feel sorry)

写信 (to write a letter)

回信 (to reply to a letter)

Adjectives

抱歉的 (sorry/regretful)

歉疚的 (guilty/regretful)

书面的 (written)

信服的 (convincing)

诚恳的 (sincere)

原谅 (forgive)

宽恕 (pardon)

过失 (mistake)

弥补 (make up for)

解释 (explain)

How to Use It

frequency

High in professional and academic settings.

Common Mistakes

Using '个' as a measure word. → Using '封'.
封 is the standard measure word for all types of letters.
Writing '道歉信' when you mean '检讨书'. → Using '检讨书' for self-criticism.
If you are forced to write it by a boss, it is likely a 检讨书.
Using '对不起' as a noun. → Using '道歉信'.
You can't say '我写了一个对不起'. You must say '我写了一封道歉信'.
Incorrect preposition '到'. → Using '给'.
The letter is given '给' to someone, not moved '到' them.
Being too defensive in the letter. → Focusing on the impact on the receiver.
A good Chinese apology prioritizes the other person's feelings.

Tips

Use 封

Always use the measure word 封 (fēng) to sound like a native speaker.

Sincerity First

In Chinese culture, the tone of sincerity (诚恳) is more important than the length of the letter.

IELTS Writing

Practice the three-part structure: Apology, Explanation, Remedy for IELTS Task 1.

Formal Synonyms

Use '致歉信' (zhìqiàn xìn) in business contexts for a more professional feel.

Handwriting

A handwritten letter is seen as significantly more sincere in personal relationships.

Avoid Excuses

Don't use too many 'buts'. Focus on your own error rather than external factors.

Timeliness

Send a 道歉信 as soon as possible after the incident to show respect.

Public Apologies

Read celebrity apologies on Weibo to see modern, high-stakes examples of the word.

Clear Subject

In an email, make the subject line '道歉信' or '关于...的道歉' so it is immediately clear.

Pronunciation

Practice the 'x' in 'xin' by putting your tongue behind your lower teeth.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Dao' (The Way) to 'Qian' (Regret) via a 'Xin' (Letter). If you lose your 'Way' and feel 'Regret', write a 'Letter'.

Visual Association

Imagine an envelope with a sad face sticker on it, containing a neatly folded piece of paper.

Word Web

信 (Letter) 道歉 (Apology) 诚恳 (Sincere) 原谅 (Forgive) 写 (Write) 寄 (Send) 收 (Receive) 错 (Mistake)

Challenge

Try to write a three-sentence 道歉信 to an imaginary friend for being late to dinner. Use '对不起', '因为', and '下次不会了'.

Word Origin

The word is a modern compound. '道' (dào) in ancient Chinese meant 'way' or 'path' but evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say'. '歉' (qiàn) originally referred to a bad harvest or a deficiency, which metaphorically became 'regret' or 'feeling insufficient' in social conduct. '信' (xìn) represents a person (人) standing by their word (言), meaning 'trust' or 'correspondence'.

Original meaning: A letter expressing one's deficiency or regret to restore trust.

Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic).

Cultural Context

Be careful not to sound like you are 'making excuses' in a Chinese apology letter; it can be seen as insincere.

In the West, apology letters are often seen as a way to clarify intent ('I didn't mean to...'). In China, they are more about acknowledging the 'trouble' caused to others.

The 'Negative Apology' of celebrities on Weibo (often mocked by netizens). Historical apologies in the 'Records of the Grand Historian' (Shiji). IELTS General Training Task 1 prompts.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Professional Mistake

对此造成的麻烦深表歉意 (Deeply sorry for the trouble caused)
我们将采取措施 (We will take measures)
恳请您的原谅 (Humbly request your forgiveness)
请接受这封道歉信 (Please accept this apology letter)

School/Education

我保证不再犯 (I promise not to do it again)
我意识到了错误 (I realized my mistake)
希望老师给我机会 (Hope the teacher gives me a chance)
这封道歉信是我的反思 (This apology letter is my reflection)

Personal Relationships

我不是故意的 (I didn't do it on purpose)
你是我的好朋友 (You are my good friend)
希望你能原谅我 (Hope you can forgive me)
真心向你道歉 (Sincerely apologize to you)

Customer Service

给您带来不便 (Brought you inconvenience)
这是我们的失误 (This is our error)
为了表达歉意 (To express our apology)
赠送优惠券 (Give a coupon)

Legal/Official

特此道歉 (Specially apologize here)
恢复名誉 (Restore reputation)
公开刊登 (Publicly publish)
具有法律效力 (Has legal effect)

Conversation Starters

"你曾经写过道歉信吗？(Have you ever written an apology letter?)"

"你觉得手写的道歉信更有诚意吗？(Do you think handwritten apology letters are more sincere?)"

"如果公司犯错，你应该怎么写道歉信？(If a company makes a mistake, how should you write an apology letter?)"

"你收到过最感人的道歉信是什么样的？(What was the most moving apology letter you ever received?)"

"在你的国家，写道歉信常见吗？(In your country, is writing apology letters common?)"

Journal Prompts

写一封道歉信给十年前的自己。(Write an apology letter to yourself from ten years ago.)

描述一次你不得不写道歉信的经历，以及结果如何。(Describe a time you had to write an apology letter and what the result was.)

讨论在数字化时代，电子邮件形式的道歉信是否失去了诚意。(Discuss whether email apology letters have lost sincerity in the digital age.)

如果你是一个明星，你会如何写一封公开道歉信来回应丑闻？(If you were a celebrity, how would you write a public apology letter to respond to a scandal?)

分析一封成功的道歉信应该具备哪些要素。(Analyze what elements a successful apology letter should have.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

The specific measure word is 封 (fēng), used for letters and emails. You can also use 份 (fèn) for copies of documents.

It is grammatically acceptable in very informal speech, but 封 is the correct and more natural measure word.

Use '尊敬的' (zūnjìng de) followed by the person's title and surname, like '尊敬的李经理'.

Yes, in modern Chinese, an apology email is also referred to as a 道歉信.

A 道歉信 is a general apology to anyone. A 检讨书 is a mandatory self-criticism letter for a teacher or boss.

The correct preposition is 给 (gěi). Use '给老师写道歉信'.

Yes, companies often issue '公开道歉信' (public apology letters) during PR crises.

For formal letters, use '此致敬礼' (cǐzhì jìnglǐ). For informal ones, use '祝好' (zhù hǎo) or '你的朋友' (nǐ de péngyǒu).

It is generally considered a B1 level word, as it is essential for intermediate social and professional communication.

No, it can be a '简短的道歉信' (brief apology letter) depending on the situation.