Yǒuhài describes something that causes harm or has a detrimental effect.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Describes things that cause harm or damage.
- Used for negative effects on health, environment, etc.
- Common adjective for warnings and negative descriptions.
Overview
有害 (yǒuhài) 是一个形容词，用来描述某事物可能对人、物或环境造成负面影响或伤害。这个词强调的是潜在的或实际的损害性，其程度可以从轻微的不适到严重的危害不等。在日常交流和书面语中，它是一个常用词，用于警示或描述不好的事物。
有害通常用作定语或谓语。作为定语时，它修饰名词，例如“有害物质”、“有害影响”。作为谓语时，它常与“是”连用，例如“吸烟是有害的”。它也可以与其他动词搭配，如“发现”、“认为”等，例如“专家认为这种行为是有害的”。
这个词经常出现在描述健康、环境、安全等方面的话题中。例如：
物质：某些食品添加剂或工业原料可能被标注为“有害”。
与“有害”意思相近的词包括“伤 [shāng]”、“损 [sǔn]”、“不良 [bùliáng]”。
- 伤 (shāng) 更侧重于身体或情感上的伤害，例如“伤口”、“受伤”。
- 损 (sǔn) 侧重于经济或利益上的损失，例如“损失”、“损害”。
- 不良 (bùliáng) 范围更广，可以指不好的、不健康的、不道德的，例如“不良影响”、“不良嗜好”。
“有害”比“伤”和“损”更通用，可以涵盖身体、精神、环境等多个方面，并且比“不良”更强调其负面和破坏性。
Examples
吸烟对健康是有害的。
everydaySmoking is harmful to health.
请勿食用此产品，它含有有害化学物质。
formalPlease do not consume this product; it contains harmful chemicals.
天天熬夜，对身体太有害了！
informalStaying up late every day is too harmful to the body!
研究表明，长期暴露于某些污染物是有害的。
academicResearch indicates that long-term exposure to certain pollutants is detrimental.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
对...有害
harmful to...
有害无益
harmful and not beneficial (idiom)
Often Confused With
'有害' specifically refers to causing harm or damage, often physical or environmental. '不良' is broader and can mean bad, unhealthy, or improper, not necessarily causing direct harm but indicating something undesirable.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '有害' is commonly used in warnings and descriptions of negative impacts. It is a versatile adjective applicable to health, environment, social interactions, and more. It can appear before a noun (as a modifier) or after a linking verb like '是' (as a predicate).
Common Mistakes
Learners might overuse '有害' for situations that are merely inconvenient or slightly unpleasant, where a milder term would be more appropriate. Ensure the context implies actual potential for damage or negative consequences.
Tips
Think of 'Harmful Effects'
When you see '有害', think about potential negative consequences or harm. It's often used to warn people.
Beware of Negative Impact
Use '有害' when describing actions, substances, or situations that can lead to damage or negative outcomes.
Health and Safety Warnings
In Chinese culture, like many others, warnings about '有害' things (e.g., unhealthy food, dangerous environments) are common for public well-being.
Word Origin
The word '有害' is composed of '有' (yǒu), meaning 'to have' or 'possess', and '害' (hài), meaning 'harm' or 'damage'. Together, they literally mean 'to have harm' or 'to possess damage'.
Cultural Context
Discussions about health, safety, and environmental protection often use '有害' to caution the public about risks. Public health campaigns frequently employ this term.
Memory Tip
Think of 'You Hai!' (sounds like 'you harm') when you see '有害'. It's a reminder that something is harmful.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions是的，“有害”和“有益”是一对反义词。“有害”表示带来坏处，“有益”表示带来好处。它们常用于对比说明事物的效果。
“有害”可以用在陈述句、警告句中。例如，“长期熬夜对身体有害。” 或者 “请注意，此区域有有害气体。”
不一定。 “有害”可以表示不同程度的负面影响，从轻微的不适到严重的危害都可以用“有害”来形容，具体取决于语境。
有的，例如“致命 (zhìmìng)”表示会致死，“毁灭性 (huǐmièxìng)”表示会造成极大的破坏。但“有害”是一个非常通用的表示负面影响的词。
Test Yourself
长时间看手机对眼睛很______。
“有害”表示带来坏处，符合句子意思，表示看手机对眼睛不好。
“有害”指的是什么？
“有害”的定义就是会造成伤害或不良影响。
请选择一个包含“有害”的正确句子。
句子C正确地使用了“有害”来描述雾霾对健康的负面影响。句子A是反义词。句子B和D的语境不恰当或不常用。
Score: /3
Summary
Yǒuhài describes something that causes harm or has a detrimental effect.
- Describes things that cause harm or damage.
- Used for negative effects on health, environment, etc.
- Common adjective for warnings and negative descriptions.
Think of 'Harmful Effects'
When you see '有害', think about potential negative consequences or harm. It's often used to warn people.
Beware of Negative Impact
Use '有害' when describing actions, substances, or situations that can lead to damage or negative outcomes.
Health and Safety Warnings
In Chinese culture, like many others, warnings about '有害' things (e.g., unhealthy food, dangerous environments) are common for public well-being.
Examples
4 of 4吸烟对健康是有害的。
Smoking is harmful to health.
请勿食用此产品，它含有有害化学物质。
Please do not consume this product; it contains harmful chemicals.
天天熬夜，对身体太有害了！
Staying up late every day is too harmful to the body!
研究表明，长期暴露于某些污染物是有害的。
Research indicates that long-term exposure to certain pollutants is detrimental.
