A judgment is a formal, legally binding decision made by a court or tribunal to resolve a dispute.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Legal ruling by a court or tribunal.
- Defines rights, obligations, and responsibilities.
- Resolves disputes and upholds justice.
Overview
“判决”是一个法律术语，指的是司法机关（如法院）或仲裁机构在审理案件后，根据事实证据和相关法律规定所作出的具有法律约束力的裁定。它标志着案件审理过程的一个重要阶段，通常是终审性的决定，明确了案件的争议焦点，并规定了各方的权利、义务以及应承担的责任。判决的目的是解决纠纷，维护法律的公正和秩序。
“判决”通常作为名词使用，可以单独出现，也可以与其他词语组合。常见的搭配包括：作出判决、接受判决、上诉判决、终审判决、民事判决、刑事判决、行政判决等。在句子中，“判决”可以作为主语、宾语或定语。例如：“法院作出了最终判决。”（作宾语）“这份判决书具有法律效力。”（作定语）
“判决”最常出现在法律领域，如法庭审理、法律文书、新闻报道（关于案件审理结果）、学术研究（法律专业）等。此外，在一些涉及争议解决的非正式场合，人们也可能用“判决”来比喻某人或某团体做出的带有权威性的决定，但这种用法不如其法律含义普遍。
“判决”与“裁决”、“决定”、“裁定”等词语在某些语境下有相似之处，但侧重点不同。
- 裁决 (cáijué)：通常指仲裁机构或特定委员会对争议作出的决定，强调的是非司法程序中的解决方式。
- 决定 (juédìng)：含义更广泛，指做出主意或确定下来，可以是个人行为，也可以是组织行为，不一定具有法律强制力。
- 裁定 (cáidìng)：多指在诉讼过程中，法院对程序性问题或某些实体性问题作出的不终结案件的决定，或者指上级法院对下级法院判决的审查和决定。
“判决”则特指法院对案件实体问题作出的最终、具有终审效力的司法决定。
Examples
法院对这起侵权案件作出了赔偿判决。
legalThe court made a judgment awarding damages in this infringement case.
他因无法接受判决结果而选择了上诉。
legalHe chose to appeal because he could not accept the judgment.
这个决定就像是老板对我们工作的一次最终判决。
informalThis decision felt like the boss's final verdict on our work.
最高人民法院的终审判决对所有下级法院具有指导意义。
legalThe final judgment of the Supreme People's Court serves as guidance for all lower courts.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
作出判决
to render a judgment
终审判决
final judgment
一审判决
first instance judgment
Often Confused With
'裁定' (cáidìng) often refers to interim decisions or decisions on procedural matters during a trial, whereas '判决' (pànjué) is typically the final decision on the merits of the case.
'决定' (juédìng) is a broader term for any decision, which can be personal or organizational and may not have legal force. '判决' is specifically a legal ruling.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '判决' is primarily used in formal legal contexts. While it can be used metaphorically in informal speech, this should be done with caution as its core meaning is very specific. Ensure you understand the context to use it appropriately.
Common Mistakes
Using '判决' to refer to any kind of decision is a common mistake. It should be reserved for official rulings by courts or similar bodies. Confusing it with '裁定' or '决定' can lead to misunderstandings in legal or formal discussions.
Tips
Understand Legal Context
When you encounter '判决', consider if it's in a formal legal setting. This context is crucial for accurate understanding.
Avoid Casual Misuse
While sometimes used metaphorically, be cautious using '判决' casually, as its primary meaning is a serious legal term.
Importance of Rule of Law
The concept of '判决' reflects the importance of a structured legal system and the rule of law in resolving societal conflicts.
Word Origin
The character '判' originally meant to divide or distinguish, evolving to mean to judge or decide. '决' means to decide or determine. Together, '判决' signifies a decisive judgment.
Cultural Context
In cultures with strong legal traditions, the '判决' represents the authority of the state to enforce laws and maintain social order. Respect for judicial pronouncements is often a key aspect of citizenship.
Memory Tip
Think of '判' (judge/sentence) and '决' (decide/resolve). A '判决' is the judge's final decision that resolves the case.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“判决”是指法院作出的裁决行为或裁决结果本身，是一个抽象的概念。而“判决书”是记载判决内容的法律文书，是判决的具体体现形式。
法院会在经过庭审、证据交换、质证和辩论等程序后，对案件的实体问题（如民事侵权责任、刑事犯罪定罪量刑等）作出最终的判决。
在法定期间内，当事人可以对判决提起上诉，由上一级法院进行审理，可能会维持、撤销或变更原判决。但一旦判决生效并进入执行程序，更改就非常困难了。
生效的判决具有法律约束力，当事人必须履行判决所确定的义务。如果拒不履行，法院可以强制执行，如查封财产、划拨款项等。
Test Yourself
经过漫长的审理，法院终于对这起案件作出了最终______。
句意是法院对案件作出的最终裁定，具有法律效力，使用“判决”最恰当。
下列哪个选项最能描述“判决”的含义？
“判决”是法律术语，指法院对案件的最终裁定，具有法律效力。
请用下列词语构建一个合乎逻辑的句子：判决 / 接受 / 必须 / 他
这是一个主谓宾结构，表示某人有义务接受法院的判决。
Score: /3
Summary
A judgment is a formal, legally binding decision made by a court or tribunal to resolve a dispute.
- Legal ruling by a court or tribunal.
- Defines rights, obligations, and responsibilities.
- Resolves disputes and upholds justice.
Understand Legal Context
When you encounter '判决', consider if it's in a formal legal setting. This context is crucial for accurate understanding.
Avoid Casual Misuse
While sometimes used metaphorically, be cautious using '判决' casually, as its primary meaning is a serious legal term.
Importance of Rule of Law
The concept of '判决' reflects the importance of a structured legal system and the rule of law in resolving societal conflicts.
Examples
4 of 4法院对这起侵权案件作出了赔偿判决。
The court made a judgment awarding damages in this infringement case.
他因无法接受判决结果而选择了上诉。
He chose to appeal because he could not accept the judgment.
这个决定就像是老板对我们工作的一次最终判决。
This decision felt like the boss's final verdict on our work.
最高人民法院的终审判决对所有下级法院具有指导意义。
The final judgment of the Supreme People's Court serves as guidance for all lower courts.
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