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A1 verb 9 دقيقة للقراءة

ডাকা

To call

At the A1 level, the word 'ডাকা' (Daka) is primarily used for the simplest forms of calling and naming. You will learn to use it in the present tense to say things like 'I call you' (Ami tomake daki) or as a command 'Call him' (Oke dako). The focus here is on the physical act of summoning someone's attention or asking for a person by their name. You will also encounter it in very basic environmental contexts, such as 'The bird calls' (Pakhi dake). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex tenses, but you should start noticing that the person being called needs the '-ke' suffix. It's a vital verb for survival Bengali, as it allows you to ask for help ('Call the doctor!') or introduce yourself ('They call me [Name]'). Practice the basic conjugation: Daki (I call), Dako (You call), Dake (He/She calls).
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'ডাকা' in more varied contexts and tenses. You will learn the past tense (Ami dekechi - I have called) and the future tense (Ami dakbo - I will call). You will also start using it for weather and animal sounds more frequently, such as 'Megh dakche' (It is thundering). A2 learners should be able to use 'ডাকা' to describe social situations, like being called for a meal or calling a taxi. You will also learn the construction '[Name] + bole + daka' to describe what people are called. This level requires you to distinguish between calling someone to come versus calling someone on the phone (phone kora), although 'ডাকা' is still occasionally used for the latter in casual speech. You will also start encountering the word in simple stories and dialogues where characters call out to each other.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with the vowel harmony shifts (Daka -> Dek-) that occur in the perfect and past tenses. You will use 'ডাকা' in complex sentences with conjunctions, such as 'When you called me, I was sleeping' (Tumi jokhon amake dekechile, ami ghumochilam). You will also begin to understand more idiomatic uses, like 'Dak-naam' (nickname) and 'Haka-daki' (shouting/hustle). B1 learners are expected to use the verb in professional contexts, such as 'calling a meeting' or 'calling for an explanation'. You will also start to see the word used in newspaper headlines or slightly more formal announcements. This level focuses on the transition from literal calling to more metaphorical or functional summoning in society.
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At the B2 level, you will explore the nuances of 'ডাকা' in formal and literary Bengali. You will learn synonyms like 'Ahban kora' and understand when to use 'ডাকা' versus its more formal counterparts. You will be able to discuss abstract concepts like 'the call of duty' or 'the call of the wild' using this root. B2 learners should also be familiar with the use of 'ডাকা' in passive-like constructions or as part of compound verbs. You will start to appreciate the word's role in Bengali poetry and songs, where 'Dak' often represents a deep emotional or spiritual pull. Your ability to conjugate the word across all moods (including conditional and subjunctive) should be fluent, and you should rarely make mistakes with the retroflex 'D' sound.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'ডাকা' reaches a near-native level of sophistication. You will recognize the word in classical literature (Sadhu Bhasha) where it might appear as 'Dakilo' or 'Dakiya'. You will understand the subtle differences between 'Sombodhon', 'Ahban', and 'Daka' in various registers of speech. C1 learners can use 'ডাকা' to describe complex social dynamics, such as how someone is 'called out' for their behavior or the 'calling' of a witness in a legal context. You will also be able to analyze the use of this verb in the works of great Bengali writers like Rabindranath Tagore or Kazi Nazrul Islam, where the 'Call' is a central philosophical theme. Your pronunciation will be precise, and you will use the word with perfect naturalness in idioms and proverbs.
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At the C2 level, 'ডাকা' is just one tool in a vast arsenal of expressive language. You understand the etymological roots of the word and its relationship to other Indo-Aryan languages. You can use it in highly specialized contexts, such as linguistics (discussing the phonetics of the 'D' sound) or deep literary analysis. You are comfortable with the most archaic and the most modern slang versions of the word. A C2 speaker can play with the word, using it in puns, sophisticated jokes, or evocative descriptions where the sound of the word itself adds to the meaning. You have a deep cultural intuition for when a 'Call' is not just a sound, but an invitation into a specific Bengali social or emotional space. There is no nuance of 'ডাকা' that is lost on you.
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أمثلة

ডাকা في 30 ثانية

  • Daka is the primary Bengali verb for 'to call' or 'to summon' someone's attention vocally.
  • It is also used to describe animal sounds, thunder, and the act of naming something.
  • The verb undergoes a vowel shift in the past and perfect tenses (e.g., Daka becomes Dekechi).
  • It is a versatile word used in daily life, professional settings, and classical Bengali literature.

The Bengali verb ডাকা (Daka) is a foundational element of the language, primarily translating to 'to call' in English. However, its utility extends far beyond a simple phone call or a shout across the street. In Bengali culture, 'calling' is deeply tied to social hierarchy, intimacy, and necessity. Whether you are summoning a rickshaw puller, calling a child by their nickname, or invoking a deity in prayer, Daka is the verb you will use. It encompasses the act of naming, summoning, shouting, and even the natural sounds made by animals and birds. Understanding this word is essential for navigating daily interactions in West Bengal or Bangladesh.

Summoning
The most common use of ডাকা is to ask someone to come to you. For example, if a mother wants her son to come for dinner, she will 'call' him. In a formal setting, a boss might 'call' an employee into the office.

মা আমাকে খেতে ডাকছেন। (Mother is calling me to eat.)

Naming
In Bengali, the phrase 'What do you call this?' uses the verb ডাকা. It links the identity of an object or person to the vocal act of identification.

সবাই তাকে 'রাজু' বলে ডাকে। (Everyone calls him 'Raju'.)

Furthermore, ডাকা is used for weather phenomena and animal sounds. When the clouds thunder, we say 'Megh Dakche' (The clouds are calling/thundering). When a bird chirps, it is also 'Daka'. This suggests a world where everything has a voice that can be heard and acknowledged. In a more abstract sense, it can refer to a 'calling' or a vocation, though this is more common in literary Bengali. The versatility of ডাকা makes it a high-frequency word that learners encounter in almost every conversation, from the marketplace to the classroom. It is a verb that bridges the gap between the physical act of making sound and the social act of establishing connection.

বাইরে মেঘ ডাকছে, বৃষ্টি হতে পারে। (The clouds are thundering outside, it might rain.)

Professional Services
When you need a professional, like a doctor or a plumber, you 'call' them. This doesn't just mean a phone call; it means summoning their services to your location.

তাড়াতাড়ি ডাক্তার ডাকো! (Call a doctor quickly!)

পাখিটা ভোরের বেলা ডাকছে। (The bird is calling in the morning.)

Using ডাকা correctly requires an understanding of Bengali verb conjugation and object markers. Since it is a transitive verb, it usually takes a direct object (the person or thing being called). The object often takes the suffix '-ke' (কে). For example, 'Call him' becomes 'O-ke dako'. The conjugation changes based on the subject's level of formality (Tumi, Apni, or Tui) and the tense (Past, Present, Future).

Present Tense
In the present continuous, it describes an action happening now. 'I am calling' is 'Ami dakchi'. 'He is calling' is 'Shey dakche'.

আমি তোমাকে অনেকক্ষণ ধরে ডাকছি। (I have been calling you for a long time.)

Imperative Mood
Commands are very frequent with this word. 'Dako' (Informal/Neutral), 'Dakun' (Formal), and 'Dak' (Very informal/Intimate).

দয়া করে তাকে ভেতরে ডাকুন। (Please call him inside.)

In the past tense, ডাকা becomes 'dekechi' (I have called) or 'dekechilam' (I called). Note the vowel shift from 'a' to 'e' in the root during certain conjugations (Ablaut/Vowel Harmony). This is a common feature in Bengali verbs where the root vowel 'a' (আ) changes to 'e' (এ) in the perfect tenses or when followed by certain suffixes. Mastering this shift is key to sounding like a native speaker. For instance, 'I called him' is 'Ami oke dekechi'. If you say 'Ami oke daklam', it implies a specific moment in the past where you shouted for him.

তুমি কেন আমাকে ডেকেছিলে? (Why did you call me?)

Future Tense
To express a future intent, use 'dakbo'. 'I will call you tomorrow' is 'Ami tomake kal dakbo'.

দরকার হলে আমি তোমাকে ডাকব। (I will call you if needed.)

পুলিশকে ডাকো! (Call the police!)

You will hear ডাকা in a multitude of everyday scenarios in Bengal. It is one of the most 'vocal' words in the language. From the bustling streets of Kolkata to the quiet villages of Bangladesh, the act of calling is central to the social fabric. In a household, children are constantly being 'called' for chores, meals, or study. In the market, vendors 'call' out their prices to attract customers. Even the religious call to prayer (Azan) or the ringing of temple bells is often described in relation to the act of calling or summoning the faithful.

The Marketplace
Street vendors use their voices to 'call' (daka) customers. This is known as 'Haka-daki' (shouting and calling).

বাজারে মাছওয়ালারা খদ্দের ডাকছে। (The fishmongers are calling customers in the market.)

Public Transport
Bus conductors 'call' out the destinations at every stop. You will hear them shouting 'Gariahat! Gariahat!'—this act is referred to as 'Stoppage daka'.

বাসের কন্ডাক্টর গন্তব্য ডাকছে। (The bus conductor is calling out the destination.)

In a formal office, a receptionist might say, 'Sir apnake dakchen' (Sir is calling you). This is a standard way to indicate that someone is ready to see you. In literature and music, especially in Rabindra Sangeet, the concept of the 'Call' (Dak) is often metaphorical—the call of the soul, the call of nature, or the call of the unknown. The famous song 'Jodi tor dak shune keu na ashe' (If no one answers your call) uses this root to emphasize individual courage and the act of reaching out to the world. Thus, the word permeates both the mundane and the sublime aspects of Bengali life.

ভগবানকে মন থেকে ডাকলে তিনি সাড়া দেন। (If you call God from the heart, He responds.)

Social Gatherings
When inviting someone to an event, you might say you are 'calling' them to your house. While 'Nimontron' is the formal word for invite, 'Daka' is the common, warmer alternative.

সকাল হয়ে গেছে, ওকে এবার ডাকো। (It's morning, call/wake him now.)

আমি তোমাকে কাল রাতে অনেকবার ডেকেছিলাম। (I called you many times last night.)

Learning ডাকা can be tricky because English speakers often over-apply it or fail to conjugate it correctly. The most common pitfall is using Daka for every instance of the English 'call'. For example, 'I call you a friend' is not 'Ami tomake bondhu daki' (though understandable, 'Ami tomake bondhu bhabi' is better). Another major mistake involves the phonetic similarity to other words and the specific vowel shifts in conjugation.

Confusion with 'Phone Kora'
While you can say 'Ami tomake phone-e dakbo' (I will call you on the phone), it is much more natural to say 'Ami tomake phone korbo'. Using ডাকা alone for a phone call can sometimes be ambiguous.

Incorrect: আমি তোমাকে ডাকলাম কিন্তু তুমি ফোন ধরলে না। (I called you but you didn't pick up.)
Correct: আমি তোমাকে ফোন করেছিলাম কিন্তু তুমি ধরলে না।

Vowel Harmony Errors
Many learners forget the shift from 'Da-' to 'De-' in the past and perfect tenses. Saying 'Dak-echi' instead of 'Dek-echi' sounds unnatural and is a clear sign of a beginner.

ভুল: সে আমাকে ডাকিল। (He called me - archaic/wrong in Sadhu Bhasha context)
সঠিক: সে আমাকে ডাকল। (Standard Chalit Bhasha)

Another mistake is forgetting the object marker '-ke'. In English, we say 'Call him'. In Bengali, 'Oke dako'. If you just say 'O dako', it makes no sense. Also, be careful with the word ঢাকা (Dhaka)—the capital of Bangladesh. The 'Dh' is aspirated, whereas the 'D' in ডাকা (Daka) is a retroflex 'D'. Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences like 'I am calling Bangladesh' vs 'I am covering Bangladesh'. Finally, avoid using ডাকা for 'naming' in a way that implies giving a name (that would be 'Naam rakha'). Use ডাকা only for the act of addressing someone by that name.

ভুল: আমি তাকে একটা নাম ডাকলাম। (I called/gave him a name.)
সঠিক: আমি তার একটা নাম রাখলাম। (I gave him a name.)

Overusing for 'To shout'
While ডাকা can imply shouting, if the person is literally screaming in anger or pain, 'Chitkar kora' is the appropriate term.

ভুল: সে ব্যথায় ডাকছে। (He is calling in pain.)
সঠিক: সে ব্যথায় চিৎকার করছে। (He is screaming in pain.)

আমাকে তুমি করে ডাকবে। (Call/address me as 'Tumi'.)

Bengali has a rich vocabulary for the act of calling, and choosing the right synonym depends on the context of formality, intensity, and medium. While ডাকা is the most versatile and common, alternatives like আহ্বান করা (Ahban kora) or সম্বোধন করা (Sombodhon kora) are used in more specific or formal settings.

আহ্বান করা (Ahban Kora)
This is a formal version of 'to call' or 'to invite'. It is used in speeches, formal invitations, or when a leader calls for action. It has a more noble or serious tone than ডাকা.

নেতা জনগণকে আন্দোলনে আহ্বান করলেন। (The leader called/invited the people to the movement.)

চিৎকার করা (Chitkar Kora)
When 'calling' involves a high volume or screaming due to distance or emotion, this is the correct verb. It literally means 'to shout'.

সে দূর থেকে আমাকে চিৎকার করে ডাকল। (He called me by shouting from a distance.)

Another important alternative is সম্বোধন করা (Sombodhon kora), which specifically means 'to address' someone. While you 'call' (daka) someone by their name, you 'address' (sombodhon kora) them using a particular title or relationship term. For example, 'How should I address you?' would use this verb. In literary contexts, you might also find রব (Rob), which refers to a sound or a call, often used for birds or divine voices. Understanding these nuances helps in moving from basic communication to expressive fluency.

তাকে কী বলে সম্বোধন করব? (How should I address him?)

নিমন্ত্রণ করা (Nimontron Kora)
This means 'to invite' specifically for a feast, party, or wedding. While you can 'call' (daka) someone to your house, 'inviting' them is more formal.

আমরা তাকে ডিনারে নিমন্ত্রণ করেছি। (We have invited him to dinner.)

পাখির কাকলি কানে আসছে। (The chirping/call of birds is coming to the ears.)

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1

আমি তোমাকে ডাকি।

I call you.

Simple present tense with 'ami' (I).

2

ওকে ডাকো।

Call him.

Imperative (command) for 'tumi' (informal/neutral you).

3

মা আমাকে ডাকছেন।

Mother is calling me.

Present continuous with honorific '-chen' for mother.

4

পাখি ডাকে।

The bird calls.

General fact about birds using simple present.

5

তুমি কাকে ডাকছো?

Whom are you calling?

Interrogative sentence in present continuous.

6

ডাক্তার ডাকো!

Call a doctor!

Direct object 'doctor' followed by imperative 'dako'.

7

সবাই আমাকে 'রাজু' ডাকে।

Everyone calls me 'Raju'.

Use of 'dake' to mean 'to name' or 'to address'.

8

সে আমাকে ডাকছে না।

He is not calling me.

Negative form of present continuous.

1

আমি কাল তোমাকে ডাকব।

I will call you tomorrow.

Future tense 'dakbo'.

2

তুমি কেন আমাকে ডেকেছিলে?

Why did you call me?

Past perfect 'dekechile' with vowel shift.

3

বাইরে মেঘ ডাকছে।

It is thundering outside.

Metaphorical use for thunder.

4

সে আমাকে ভেতরে ডাকল।

He called me inside.

Simple past tense 'daklo'.

5

তোমার ডাক-নাম কী?

What is your nickname?

Compound noun 'Dak-naam' meaning nickname.

6

আমি তাকে আসতে ডেকেছি।

I have called him to come.

Present perfect 'dekechi'.

7

ওকে ডাকার দরকার নেই।

There is no need to call him.

Verbal noun 'dakar' (of calling).

8

বিড়ালটা দুধের জন্য ডাকছে।

The cat is calling for milk.

Animal sound context.

1

আমি তোমাকে অনেকক্ষণ ধরে ডাকছি কিন্তু তুমি শুনছো না।

I have been calling you for a long time but you aren't listening.

Present continuous used for an ongoing action.

2

সে আমাকে মিথ্যাবাদী বলে ডেকেছে।

He called me a liar.

Using 'daka' to attribute a label to someone.

3

পুলিশকে ডাকার আগে আমাকে বলো।

Tell me before calling the police.

Gerundial use 'dakar age'.

4

আমাদের একটা ট্যাক্সি ডাকা উচিত।

We should call a taxi.

Modal construction with 'uchit' (should).

5

সে সভায় ভাষণ দেওয়ার জন্য আমন্ত্রিতদের ডাকলেন।

He called the invitees to give speeches at the meeting.

Formal usage in a structured environment.

6

ভোরে পাখির ডাকে আমার ঘুম ভেঙে গেল।

I woke up to the call of birds in the morning.

Genitive case 'pakhir dake' (by the bird's call).

7

তুমি কি তাকে আমার নাম ধরে ডাকতে পারো?

Can you call him by my name?

Compound verb pattern 'naam dhore daka'.

8

সে কোনো উত্তর না দিয়েই আমাকে ডাকল।

He called me without giving any answer.

Complex sentence with a participial phrase.

1

দেশের এই বিপদে সবাই তাকে ডাকছে।

Everyone is calling/looking to him in this national crisis.

Metaphorical call for leadership.

2

মাঝরাতে কে আমাকে ডাকবে বলে তোমার মনে হয়?

Who do you think would call me at midnight?

Future tense within a complex interrogative structure.

3

রবীন্দ্রনাথের গানে 'ডাক' একটি বিশেষ অর্থ বহন করে।

In Tagore's songs, 'call' carries a special meaning.

Noun form 'Dak' used in literary analysis.

4

তদন্তের জন্য তাকে থানায় ডাকা হয়েছে।

He has been called to the police station for investigation.

Passive voice construction using 'hoyeche'.

5

সে আমাকে 'তুমি' বলে ডাকার অনুমতি দিল।

He gave me permission to call him 'Tumi'.

Social register negotiation.

6

পাহাড় আমায় হাতছানি দিয়ে ডাকছে।

The mountains are calling me with a beckoning hand.

Personification and metaphorical use.

7

তাকে ডাকার কোনো যৌক্তিক কারণ আমি দেখছি না।

I don't see any logical reason to call him.

Formal vocabulary with 'jouktik karon'.

8

সে চিৎকার করে সাহায্য ডাকছিল।

He was shouting/calling for help.

Past continuous with 'dakchilo'.

1

বিবেকের ডাক উপেক্ষা করা কঠিন।

It is difficult to ignore the call of conscience.

Abstract noun use 'bibeker dak'.

2

পুরাতন ভৃত্যকে তিনি অত্যন্ত স্নেহের সঙ্গে ডাকলেন।

He called the old servant with great affection.

Formal 'daklen' with descriptive adverbs.

3

সেই গহীন অরণ্যে কিসের যেন ডাক শোনা যাচ্ছিল।

Some kind of call was being heard in that deep forest.

Indefinite pronoun 'kisher' used with sound.

4

তিনি আমাকে একান্তে ডেকে কিছু কথা বললেন।

He called me aside and said a few things.

Adverbial phrase 'ekante deke' (calling in private).

5

মৃত্যুর ডাক এলে কেউ তাকে রুখতে পারে না।

When the call of death comes, no one can stop it.

Philosophical/Literary usage.

6

সভা ডাকার দায়িত্ব তার ওপর অর্পণ করা হয়েছে।

The responsibility of calling the meeting has been entrusted to him.

Administrative register.

7

মেঘের গুরুগুরু ডাকে আকাশ কেঁপে উঠল।

The sky trembled at the deep rumbling call of the clouds.

Onomatopoeic 'guruguru' describing the call.

8

সে আমাকে অপমানজনক ভাষায় ডেকেছিল।

He had addressed/called me in insulting language.

Past perfect with focus on manner of speech.

1

নিশীথ রাতের সেই ডাক আমার হৃদয়ে আলোড়ন সৃষ্টি করল।

That call of the dead of night created a stir in my heart.

Highly poetic/literary 'Nishith rat'.

2

আদালত তাকে সাক্ষ্যদানের জন্য সমন পাঠিয়ে ডেকেছে।

The court has summoned him by sending a subpoena.

Legal terminology integrated with the verb.

3

অস্তিত্বের সংকট তাকে এক নতুন জীবনের পথে ডাকছে।

The crisis of existence is calling him toward a new path of life.

Existential/Philosophical context.

4

তিনি প্রতিটি শব্দকে অতি সন্তর্পণে ডেকে বাক্যে বসান।

He calls/summons each word very carefully and places it in the sentence.

Metaphorical use regarding the craft of writing.

5

প্রকৃতির এই রুদ্র ডাক আমরা উপেক্ষা করতে পারি না।

We cannot ignore this fierce call of nature.

Adjective 'rudra' (fierce/divine) modifying 'dak'.

6

সে তার অন্তরাত্মার ডাক শুনে সংসার ত্যাগ করল।

He renounced worldly life after hearing the call of his inner soul.

Spiritual/Renunciation context.

7

অতীতের ডাক তাকে বারবার পিছুটানের কথা মনে করিয়ে দেয়।

The call of the past repeatedly reminds him of the pull of his roots.

Complex psychological state description.

8

ভাষাতাত্ত্বিক বিচারে 'ডাকা' শব্দটির ব্যুৎপত্তি অত্যন্ত কৌতূহলোদ্দীপক।

From a linguistic perspective, the etymology of the word 'Daka' is very intriguing.

Academic register.

تلازمات شائعة

নাম ধরে ডাকা
ডাক্তার ডাকা
মেঘ ডাকা
পাখি ডাকা
পুলিশ ডাকা
ভেতরে ডাকা
মিথ্যা বলে ডাকা
ট্যাক্সি ডাকা
সভা ডাকা
সাহায্য ডাকা

العبارات الشائعة

ডাক

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

محتوى ذو صلة

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟

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