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A1 noun 7 Min. Lesezeit

الشهر

al-shahr

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At the A1 level, the word 'الشهر' (al-shahr) is introduced as a basic unit of time. Learners focus on identifying the word and using it in simple sentences to describe when things happen. At this stage, you should be able to say 'this month' (هذا الشهر) and understand that it means 'the month.' You will learn it alongside the names of the months like يناير (January) and فبراير (February). The focus is on simple identification: 'I am here for a month' (أنا هنا لمدة شهر). You will also learn to distinguish it from 'اليوم' (the day) and 'السنة' (the year). Understanding that 'al-' means 'the' is a key grammatical step here. You might use it to talk about your birthday or a short vacation. The goal is survival-level communication about time.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'الشهر' with adjectives and prepositions to form more complex time markers. You will learn 'الشهر الماضي' (last month) and 'الشهر القادم' (next month). You will also start using the 'Idafa' construction, such as 'شهر مايو' (the month of May). At this level, you can describe your routine or past events with more precision. For example, 'I traveled last month' (سافرت الشهر الماضي). You are also introduced to the concept of the Hijri calendar and why certain months like Ramadan are significant. You should be comfortable with the masculine gender of the word and ensuring your adjectives match. You might also start using 'في الشهر' to mean 'per month' when talking about simple facts like 'I read two books per month.'

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At the B1 level, you move beyond simple time markers to using 'الشهر' in more varied contexts like work, finance, and social obligations. You will learn the plural forms 'شهور' and 'أشهر' and how to use them with numbers (e.g., 'ثلاثة أشهر'). You will be able to discuss plans that span several months and understand more detailed schedules. You'll encounter the word in news snippets and intermediate reading materials. You start to understand the cultural nuances, such as how the lunar month affects social life in Arab countries. You can handle situations like renting an apartment where the rent is 'شهري' (monthly). Your ability to use the word in the accusative case as an adverb (شهرياً) becomes more natural.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'الشهر' fluently in discussions about history, economics, and culture. You can understand more complex idiomatic expressions and the word's relationship with its root 'sh-h-r' (visibility/fame). You can follow a lecture about the history of the lunar calendar or a business presentation about 'monthly growth' (النمو الشهري). You are comfortable switching between the Gregorian and Hijri months in conversation. You understand the subtle difference between 'أشهر' and 'شهور' in literary contexts. You can write essays about your experiences over the past few months using sophisticated transition words. Your pronunciation is clear, and you use the word correctly in complex grammatical structures like the passive voice or conditional sentences.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'الشهر' is precise and nuanced. You can appreciate the word's use in classical literature and poetry. You understand how the concept of the 'month' has evolved in Arabic linguistic history. You can engage in high-level debates about the socio-economic impact of certain months (like the tourism peak months). You are aware of rare synonyms or archaic terms for months used in ancient dialects. You can use the word in metaphorical ways, perhaps linking the duration of a month to psychological or philosophical concepts. Your command of the plural forms and their specific grammatical rules (like the rules for numbers 3-10 vs 11-99) is flawless. You can read technical documents, legal contracts, and classical texts where 'الشهر' appears without hesitation.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'الشهر' and all its connotations. You can identify regional variations in how the word is used in different dialects across the Arab world. You can analyze the word's etymology and its connection to the Proto-Semitic roots. You are capable of translating complex texts involving temporal nuances between Arabic and English perfectly. You understand the astronomical technicalities often associated with the word in scientific Arabic. You can use the word in creative writing to evoke specific moods or cultural atmospheres. Whether it's a legal dispute over a 'month's notice' or a poetic reflection on the 'passing months,' you handle the vocabulary with the sophistication of a highly educated native speaker.

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الشهر in 30 Sekunden

الشهر means 'the month' in Arabic and is a masculine noun used for time.
It is essential for talking about schedules, salaries, and religious calendars like Ramadan.
The plural forms are 'shuhūr' or 'ashhur', which are used frequently in plural contexts.
Common adjectives used are 'al-madi' (last) and 'al-qadim' (next), following gender agreement.

The word الشهر (al-shahr) is a cornerstone of temporal vocabulary in Arabic, primarily translated as 'the month.' In a linguistic sense, it refers to a specific unit of time based on the lunar or solar cycle, typically spanning 28 to 31 days. Understanding this word is essential because the concept of time in the Arab world is deeply intertwined with both the Gregorian calendar (used for business and civil life) and the Hijri (Islamic) lunar calendar (used for religious observances). When you say الشهر, you are often referring to the current month or a specific period of time that defines cycles of work, pay, and worship.

Temporal Unit: In everyday conversation, it denotes one of the twelve divisions of the year. For example, 'الشهر القادم' (the next month).
Financial Cycle: It is frequently used in the context of salaries and bills, where 'في الشهر' translates to 'per month' or 'monthly'.
Religious Significance: The word is iconic in the phrase 'شهر رمضان' (the month of Ramadan), highlighting its importance in the lunar calendar.

سأبدأ العمل في بداية الشهر القادم.

Beyond simple counting, the term carries a weight of visibility. Etymologically, the root 'sh-h-r' relates to something becoming 'well-known' or 'apparent,' much like the new crescent moon that announces the start of a new month. This visibility is why the word is also related to 'fame' (shuhra). When an event lasts for الشهر, it implies a duration that is long enough to be significant but short enough to be manageable.

كم يوماً في هذا الشهر؟

Grammatical Gender: The word is masculine, which dictates the form of adjectives following it, such as 'الشهر الماضي' (the past month).

كان الشهر الماضي بارداً جداً.

In Modern Standard Arabic, as well as in various dialects, the word remains remarkably stable. Whether you are in Cairo, Riyadh, or Casablanca, 'al-shahr' will be understood. However, the pronunciation of the 'sh' and the 'r' might vary slightly in emphasis. In some dialects, the 'al-' might be shortened or assimilated, but the core meaning remains the same. It is one of the first fifty nouns a student of Arabic should master to navigate basic schedules and plans.

Using الشهر correctly involves understanding its role as a time adverbial or a simple noun. Because it is a masculine noun, any demonstrative pronouns or adjectives must match this gender. For instance, you say 'هذا الشهر' (this month) rather than 'هذه الشهر'. The word often follows prepositions like 'في' (in) or 'خلال' (during) to specify when an action occurs.

سأذهب إلى دبي في الشهر القادم.

Adjective Agreement: Adjectives like 'الماضي' (past), 'الحالي' (current), and 'القادم' (next) are frequently paired with it. Notice how they all take the 'al-' prefix to match the definiteness of 'al-shahr'.

Another common construction is the 'Idafa' (possessive) structure. When you name a specific month, you say 'شهر يناير' (The month of January) or 'شهر رمضان' (The month of Ramadan). In these cases, 'shahr' loses its 'al-' because it is defined by the following proper noun. This is a crucial rule for A1 and A2 learners to internalize.

يعتبر شهر رمضان وقتاً للعبادة.

In plural forms, 'الشهر' becomes 'الشهور' or 'الأشهر'. 'الشهور' is more common in general conversation, while 'الأشهر' is often seen in literary or specific contexts (like 'the first three months'). Mastering the plural is vital for expressing durations longer than four weeks.

مرت ثلاثة أشهر منذ رأيته.

Duration Expressions: To say 'for a month,' use 'لمدة شهر'. The word 'shahr' here is indefinite because it refers to 'any' one-month period.

Finally, when discussing dates, 'الشهر' is the middle unit between 'اليوم' (the day) and 'السنة' (the year). In Arabic documents, the date is usually written as Day/Month/Year. In spoken Arabic, one might say 'اليوم العاشر من الشهر' (the tenth day of the month).

You will encounter الشهر in almost every facet of daily life in an Arabic-speaking country. From the news broadcasts announcing the start of a lunar month to the casual negotiations in a marketplace regarding a rental agreement, the word is ubiquitous. It serves as a primary marker for planning and retrospection.

أعلن مرصد الفلك عن بداية الشهر الهجري الجديد.

Professional Settings: In offices, you will hear about 'تقرير الشهر' (the month's report) or 'نهاية الشهر' (the end of the month), which is often synonymous with payday.
Media and News: News anchors use it to frame events: 'في وقت سابق من هذا الشهر' (at an earlier time this month).

In the context of the Islamic world, the word takes on a spiritual dimension. The sighting of the moon to determine the start of الشهر is a televised and widely discussed event. People will say 'مبارك عليكم الشهر' (Blessed month to you) at the start of Ramadan or other holy months. This phrase is a staple of social etiquette.

تزداد المصاريف عادة في نهاية الشهر.

In education, semesters are often broken down into months. Teachers might say 'سيكون الامتحان في نهاية الشهر' (The exam will be at the end of the month). Similarly, in healthcare, a doctor might ask a patient 'منذ متى تشعر بهذا؟' and the patient might respond 'منذ شهر' (Since a month ago). Its utility in providing a medium-term timeframe makes it indispensable in both formal and informal registers.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is the confusion between using the definite 'الشهر' (al-shahr) and the indefinite 'شهر' (shahr). In English, we often say 'next month' without an article. In Arabic, you must say الشهر القادم (the month the next). Forgetting the 'al-' on either the noun or the adjective is a hallmark of beginner speech.

Gender Mismatch: Learners often treat 'month' as feminine because 'سنة' (year) is feminine. Remember: 'الشهر' is masculine. 'الشهر الماضي' (Correct) vs 'الشهر الماضية' (Incorrect).

خطأ: هذه الشهر. صح: هذا الشهر.

Another mistake involves the plural. Arabic has complex plurals (broken plurals). Some students try to add 'at' to the end (shahr-at), but the correct forms are 'shuhūr' or 'ashhur'. Using the wrong plural form can make your Arabic sound unnatural, though you will still be understood.

خطأ: الشهر أكتوبر. صح: شهر أكتوبر.

Finally, confusion with the word 'shuhra' (fame) or 'mashhūr' (famous) can occur because they share the same root. While 'shahr' means month, 'mashhūr' means famous. While they are related conceptually (the moon is famous/visible), they are never interchangeable in a sentence. Be careful not to say 'He is a month' when you mean 'He is famous'!

While الشهر is the standard term, there are other ways to describe periods of time or cycles that might be more appropriate depending on the context. Understanding these nuances helps in achieving a C1/C2 level of fluency where precision is key.

الشهر vs. الدورة: 'الدورة' (al-dawra) refers to a cycle. While a month is a cycle, 'dawra' is used for biological cycles or academic terms.
الشهر vs. الثلاثين يوماً: Sometimes people use 'thirty days' to emphasize the specific duration of a contract rather than the calendar month.

تستغرق الدورة التدريبية شهراً كاملاً.

In more poetic or classical contexts, you might see 'القمر' (the moon) used metonymically to represent a month, especially in ancient poetry. However, in modern usage, 'الشهر' is nearly exclusive for calendar time. Another related word is 'فترة' (fatra), which means 'period.' A 'fatra' can be a month, but it is less specific.

عشت هناك لفترة شهر.

Comparing 'الشهر' with 'السنة' (the year) and 'الأسبوع' (the week) is also helpful. 'الشهر' is the bridge between the short-term week and the long-term year. In terms of frequency, 'شهرياً' (monthly) is a common adverb, just like 'يومياً' (daily) and 'سنوياً' (annually). Knowing this trio allows you to describe almost any recurring schedule in Arabic.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The word for 'month' and the word for 'fame' (shuhra) share the same root because both are based on the idea of being 'visible' or 'publicly known'.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /æʃ.ʃahr/

US /æʃ.ʃæhr/

Stress is on the first syllable (ash-).

Reimt sich auf

بحر (bahr - sea) نهر (nahr - river) ظهر (dhuhr - noon) فجر (fajr - dawn) نصر (nasr - victory) عصر (asr - afternoon) قصر (qasr - palace) حشر (hashr - gathering)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing the 'L' in 'Al-'. It is silent (solar letter).
Not rolling the final 'R' slightly.
Vocalizing the 'H' too strongly; it should be a soft breath.
Making the 'sh' sound too short.
Confusing the vowel sound with 'shihr' (magic).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 1/5

Very easy to recognize with the 'Sh' and 'R' sounds.

Schreiben 2/5

Need to remember the 'h' (ه) in the middle.

Sprechen 2/5

The 'sh' and 'r' cluster can be tricky for total beginners.

Hören 1/5

Distinct sound, rarely confused with other words.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

يوم (day) سنة (year) أسبوع (week) وقت (time) هذا (this)

Als Nächstes lernen

يناير (January) فبراير (February) ماضي (past) قادم (next) موعد (appointment)

Fortgeschritten

دورة (cycle) حقبة (era) تقويم (calendar) هجري (Hijri) ميلادي (Gregorian)

Wichtige Grammatik

Solar Letters

الشهر (The 'L' is not pronounced because 'Sh' is a solar letter).

Idafa Construction

شهرُ رمضانَ (No 'al' on shahr when followed by a proper noun).

Adjective Agreement

الشهرُ القادمُ (Both are definite and masculine).

Numbers 3-10

ثلاثةُ أشهرٍ (The noun is plural and genitive).

Time Adverbials

سافرتُ الشهرَ الماضيَ (Often used in the accusative case for time).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

هذا الشهر جميل.

This month is beautiful.

هذا (this) is masculine to match الشهر.

أنا في دبي لمدة شهر.

I am in Dubai for a month.

Indefinite 'شهر' used for duration.

أي شهر نحن الآن؟

Which month are we in now?

أي (which) used for questioning.

شهر يناير بارد.

The month of January is cold.

Idafa structure: month of January.

أحب هذا الشهر.

I love this month.

Verb + Object structure.

في الشهر ثلاثون يوماً.

In the month there are thirty days.

Prepositional phrase start.

متى يبدأ الشهر؟

When does the month start?

Simple present tense verb.

الشهر القادم هو مايو.

The next month is May.

Adjective agreement (القادم).

سافرت إلى مصر الشهر الماضي.

I traveled to Egypt last month.

Past tense verb + time adverbial.

سأنهي الكتاب هذا الشهر.

I will finish the book this month.

Future prefix 'sa-'.

راتبي في الشهر جيد.

My salary per month is good.

Possessive suffix 'i' on 'ratib'.

هل زرتني الشهر الماضي؟

Did you visit me last month?

Question particle 'hal'.

نحن في شهر رمضان المبارك.

We are in the blessed month of Ramadan.

Adjective 'Al-mubarak' describing 'shahr'.

ينتهي الشهر يوم الجمعة.

The month ends on Friday.

Subject-Verb agreement.

كم كتاباً تقرأ في الشهر؟

How many books do you read in a month?

Interrogative 'kam' + noun.

سأراك في بداية الشهر.

I will see you at the beginning of the month.

Preposition 'fi' + 'bidaya' (beginning).

استغرقت الرحلة ثلاثة أشهر.

The trip took three months.

Plural 'ashhur' with number 3.

يجب دفع الإيجار كل شهر.

Rent must be paid every month.

Modal 'yajibu' + 'kull' (every).

سأغيب لمدة شهرين تقريباً.

I will be away for about two months.

Dual form 'shahrayn'.

الشهر الحالي مليء بالعمل.

The current month is full of work.

Adjective 'al-hali' (current).

تغيرت خطتي خلال الشهر.

My plan changed during the month.

Preposition 'khilal' (during).

نحن ننتظر نهاية الشهر بفارغ الصبر.

We are waiting for the end of the month impatiently.

Idiomatic expression 'bi-farigh al-sabr'.

هل تتقاضى أجرك شهرياً؟

Do you receive your pay monthly?

Adverb 'shahriyan'.

هذا الشهر هو الأطول في السنة.

This month is the longest in the year.

Superlative 'al-atwal'.

يعتبر هذا الشهر حاسماً للمشروع.

This month is considered decisive for the project.

Passive verb 'yu'tabar'.

تحدثت التقارير عن أرباح الشهر.

The reports talked about the month's profits.

Plural 'taqarir' and Idafa.

مضى شهر على رحيله.

A month has passed since his departure.

Verb 'mada' (to pass).

سيتم مراجعة العقد كل ستة أشهر.

The contract will be reviewed every six months.

Passive future 'sayatimm muraja'at'.

كان الشهر الماضي حافلاً بالأحداث.

Last month was eventful.

Adjective 'hafil' (full/eventful).

لا يمكننا الانتظار لشهر آخر.

We cannot wait for another month.

Negation 'la yumkinuna'.

يختلف طول الشهر في التقويم الهجري.

The length of the month varies in the Hijri calendar.

Verb 'yakhtalif' (to differ).

بلغت المبيعات ذروتها هذا الشهر.

Sales reached their peak this month.

Noun 'dhurwa' (peak).

تتوالى الشهور وتتغير الظروف.

Months follow one another and circumstances change.

Verb 'tatawala' (to follow in succession).

لقد أمضيت شهوراً في البحث.

I spent months in research.

Accusative plural 'shuhuran' for duration.

كان الشهر بمثابة اختبار لصبرنا.

The month was like a test for our patience.

Expression 'bi-mathabat' (tantamount to).

لا يمر شهر دون ابتكار جديد.

Not a month passes without a new innovation.

Double negation for emphasis.

تعتمد الميزانية على أداء الشهر.

The budget depends on the month's performance.

Verb 'ta'tamid 'ala' (depends on).

إن انقضاء الشهر يعني بداية جديدة.

The passing of the month means a new beginning.

Masdar 'inqida' (passing/expiry).

تراكمت الديون خلال الأشهر الماضية.

Debts accumulated during the past months.

Verb 'tarakamat' (accumulated).

يعكس هذا الشهر مدى تقدمنا.

This month reflects the extent of our progress.

Verb 'ya'kis' (reflects).

تتجلى عظمة الخالق في تعاقب الشهور.

The Creator's greatness is manifested in the succession of months.

Masdar 'ta'aqub' (succession).

لم يكن الشهر سوى برهة في تاريخ الزمن.

The month was but a moment in the history of time.

Limitation 'lam... siwa' (nothing but).

يستشف المرء من أحداث الشهر ملامح المستقبل.

One discerns from the month's events the features of the future.

Verb 'yastashiff' (to discern/foresee).

أضحى الشهر وحدة قياس للإنجاز الإنساني.

The month has become a unit of measurement for human achievement.

Sister of Kana 'adha'.

تتلاشى ذكريات الشهر مع بزوغ فجر جديد.

The month's memories fade with the dawn of a new day.

Verb 'tatallasha' (to fade/vanish).

إن استغلال كل شهر هو مفتاح النجاح.

Exploiting every month is the key to success.

Emphatic particle 'Inna'.

عبر الشهور، صقلت التجربة مهاراته.

Through the months, experience refined his skills.

Verb 'saqalat' (refined/polished).

يبقى الشهر شاهداً على التحولات الجذرية.

The month remains a witness to radical transformations.

Active participle 'shahidan' (witness).

Häufige Kollokationen

بداية الشهر

نهاية الشهر

الشهر الماضي

الشهر القادم

طوال الشهر

منتصف الشهر

كل شهر

خلال الشهر

أول الشهر

آخر الشهر

Häufige Phrasen

مبارك عليك الشهر

— A greeting for the start of a holy month like Ramadan.

مبارك عليك الشهر يا صديقي.

في مثل هذا الشهر

— At this time of the month in a previous year.

في مثل هذا الشهر من العام الماضي كنت في لندن.

منذ شهر

— One month ago.

بدأت العمل هنا منذ شهر.

بعد شهر

— In one month's time.

سأعود بعد شهر.

شهر عسل

— Honeymoon.

هما في شهر عسل الآن.

على مدار الشهر

— Throughout the month.

الخدمة متوفرة على مدار الشهر.

مرة في الشهر

— Once a month.

أزور والدي مرة في الشهر.

نهاية الشهر قربت

— The end of the month is near (often implies money is running out).

نهاية الشهر قربت، يجب أن نوفر.

أول يوم في الشهر

— The first day of the month.

أول يوم في الشهر هو يوم عطلة.

شهر كامل

— A whole month.

انتظرتك شهراً كاملاً.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

الشهر vs سنة

Sana means year. Don't confuse the two major time units.

الشهر vs شعر

Sha'r means hair or poetry. It looks similar but the middle letter is different (Ain vs Ha).

الشهر vs مشهور

Mashhur means famous. It comes from the same root but is an adjective.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"ابن شهرين"

— Something very young or new.

هذا المشروع لا يزال ابن شهرين.

informal

"ما في شهر إلا وله قمر"

— Every situation has its own unique highlight or person.

لا تقلق، ما في شهر إلا وله قمر.

proverbial

"شهر وشهرين"

— A short period of time, soon.

سأنهي المهمة في شهر وشهرين.

informal

"زي هلال الشهر"

— Someone who appears very rarely.

أنت زي هلال الشهر، لا نراك أبداً.

informal

"شهر زمان"

— Precisely one month's time.

أحتاج شهر زمان لإنهاء العمل.

neutral

"كأنه شهر رمضان"

— Used to describe something very long and tiring (due to fasting).

هذا اليوم كان طويلاً كأنه شهر رمضان.

informal

"بين شهر وآخر"

— From time to time, occasionally.

أقوم بفحص السيارة بين شهر وآخر.

neutral

"أشهر من نار على علم"

— More famous than a fire on a mountain peak (related to the root sh-h-r).

هذا الكاتب أشهر من نار على علم.

literary

"في غضون شهر"

— Within a month.

سيتم الرد في غضون شهر.

formal

"شهر الفضيل"

— The virtuous month (referring to Ramadan).

نحن ننتظر الشهر الفضيل.

religious

Leicht verwechselbar

الشهر vs شعر

Visual similarity in script.

Shahr (month) has a 'Ha' (ه), while Sha'r (hair/poetry) has an 'Ain' (ع).

هذا الشهر (month) vs هذا الشعر (poetry).

الشهر vs شهرة

Same root (sh-h-r).

Shahr is the time unit, Shuhra is the abstract concept of fame.

نال شهرة واسعة هذا الشهر.

الشهر vs شهور

Plural form.

Shuhur is the plural, Shahr is singular. Learners often forget the broken plural.

مرت شهور كثيرة.

الشهر vs شاهر

Active participle.

Shahir means someone who unsheathes a sword or makes something public.

هو شاهر سيفه.

الشهر vs مشهور

Common adjective.

Mashhur is 'famous', Shahr is 'month'.

هو ممثل مشهور.

Satzmuster

هذا الشهر [adjective].

هذا الشهر جميل.

أنا في [place] لمدة شهر.

أنا في لندن لمدة شهر.

سأذهب إلى [place] في الشهر القادم.

سأذهب إلى باريس في الشهر القادم.

كان الشهر الماضي [adjective].

كان الشهر الماضي متعباً.

أعمل [number] ساعات في الشهر.

أعمل مئة ساعة في الشهر.

يجب أن [verb] كل شهر.

يجب أن أدفع الفواتير كل شهر.

من المتوقع أن [verb] هذا الشهر.

من المتوقع أن ينتهي المشروع هذا الشهر.

على الرغم من أن الشهر كان [adjective]، إلا أننا نجحنا.

على الرغم من أن الشهر كان صعباً، إلا أننا نجحنا.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

شهرة (fame)

شهير (famous person)

إشهار (advertisement)

تشهير (defamation)

Verben

شهر (to make famous/to unsheathe)

اشتهر (to become famous)

Adjektive

شهري (monthly)

مشهور (famous)

Verwandt

سنة (year)

يوم (day)

أسبوع (week)

تقويم (calendar)

هلال (crescent)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely frequent in all domains of life.

Häufige Fehler

هذه الشهر → هذا الشهر
Shahr is masculine, so it requires the masculine demonstrative 'hadha'.
الشهر رمضان → شهر رمضان
In an Idafa (possessive) structure, the first word does not take 'al-'.
الشهر الماضي (feminine) → الشهر الماضي (masculine)
Adjectives must match the masculine gender of 'shahr'.
ال شهر → الشهر
Learners often pronounce the 'L', but it must be assimilated: 'ash-shahr'.
شهورات → شهور
Arabic uses broken plurals for 'month', not the regular feminine plural ending.

Tipps

Definite Article

Remember the solar letter rule: 'al' + 'shahr' = 'ash-shahr'. The 'L' disappears in speech.

Idafa Rule

When naming a month like 'May', say 'shahr May' without 'al-' on 'shahr'.

Adjective Agreement

Always match the adjective to the masculine 'shahr'. Say 'al-shahr al-madi' not 'al-madiya'.

Two Calendars

Be aware that 'shahr' could refer to a Gregorian month or a Hijri month depending on the context.

Spelling

Don't forget the 'Ha' (ه) in the middle. It is not 'shar' (شر), which means 'evil'.

Per Month

Use 'في الشهر' to express rates, like 'twice a month' (مرتين في الشهر).

Root Connection

Associate 'shahr' with 'shuhra' (fame) - the month is 'famous' because the moon is visible.

Dialect Watch

In some dialects, 'shahr' might sound like 'shahar'. Listen for that extra vowel.

Plural Choice

Use 'أشهر' for counts from 3-10 for more formal, accurate grammar.

Greetings

Use 'مبارك عليك الشهر' at the start of Ramadan to sound more native.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'SHArp' image of the moon that appears every 'SHAHr'.

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a calendar page with a large 'SH' written on it, and a crescent moon appearing on the first day.

Word Web

Calendar Moon 30 Days Ramadan Salary Schedule January Time

Herausforderung

Try to name all 12 months in Arabic and use 'الشهر' in a sentence for each one.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Arabic root ش-ه-ر (sh-h-r). This root fundamentally pertains to being apparent, visible, or well-known.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The primary meaning relates to the moon's visibility. A 'shahr' was the period during which the moon made itself known through its phases.

Semitic. Cognates exist in Hebrew (saharon - crescent) and other Semitic languages.

Kultureller Kontext

Be aware that religious months like Ramadan or Dhu al-Hijjah have specific behavioral expectations (fasting, pilgrimage).

In English, months are named after Roman gods/emperors. In Arabic, Hijri months have descriptive names (e.g., Ramadan means 'intense heat').

The Quran mentions 'Shahr Ramadan' as the month the Quran was revealed. Fairuz has songs mentioning months and seasons. Naguib Mahfouz's novels often track the passage of time through months.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Work

تقرير الشهر
راتب الشهر
اجتماع شهري
نهاية الشهر

Travel

رحلة لمدة شهر
الشهر القادم
تذكرة صالحة لشهر
بداية الشهر

Social

شهر عسل
عيد ميلادي هذا الشهر
مبارك عليك الشهر
كل شهر

Finance

إيجار الشهر
مصاريف الشهر
ميزانية الشهر
قسط شهري

Education

امتحان الشهر
بداية الشهر الدراسي
عطلة لمدة شهر
كل شهر

Gesprächseinstiege

"ماذا ستفعل في الشهر القادم؟"

"هل تفضل شهر الصيف أم شهر الشتاء؟"

"كيف كان الشهر الماضي بالنسبة لك؟"

"ما هو أجمل شهر في السنة في بلدك؟"

"هل لديك الكثير من المواعيد هذا الشهر؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

اكتب عن أهم حدث حصل لك في الشهر الماضي.

ما هي أهدافك للشهر القادم؟

صف طقس هذا الشهر في مدينتك.

كيف تقضي أول يوم من كل شهر؟

تحدث عن شهر رمضان وتقاليده في بلدك.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is masculine. You should use masculine demonstratives like 'هذا' and masculine adjectives like 'الماضي'.

You say 'الشهر القادم' (al-shahr al-qadim) or 'الشهر الجاي' (al-shahr al-jay) in many dialects.

The most common plurals are 'شهور' (shuhūr) and 'أشهر' (ashhur). Both are broken plurals.

Use 'al-' when you mean 'the month.' Don't use it in an Idafa like 'شهر رمضان' or when it's indefinite like 'لمدة شهر' (for a month).

The 'L' is silent because 'Sh' is a solar letter. It is pronounced 'ash-shahr'.

It is 'شهر العسل' (shahr al-'asal), literally 'month of the honey'.

In very specific linguistic contexts, the root relates to 'fame' or 'becoming public,' but in 99% of cases, it means 'month'.

You can say 'شهري' (adjective) or 'شهرياً' (adverb).

Generally, they are interchangeable, but 'ashhur' is often used for numbers between 3 and 10.

You ask 'أي شهر؟' (Ayyu shahr?).

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