alérgico
When discussing allergies in Spanish, you'll frequently use the adjective alérgico/a. It functions similarly to "allergic" in English. You can say Soy alérgico/a a... (I am allergic to...) to state what you're allergic to, followed by the specific allergen. For example, Soy alérgico al polen (I am allergic to pollen) or Es alérgica a los cacahuetes (She is allergic to peanuts). Remember to match the gender and number of alérgico/a with the person being described. This is a crucial word for discussing health and dietary restrictions in Spanish-speaking environments.
When discussing allergies in Spanish, you'll often encounter the adjective alérgico/a. It directly translates to "allergic" and is used in a similar way to its English counterpart.
You can say someone "is allergic to something" by using the verb ser followed by alérgico/a a + [the allergen]. For example, Soy alérgico al polen means "I am allergic to pollen."
It's important to match the gender and number of alérgico/a to the person or people who have the allergy. So, a female would say soy alérgica, and if a group of people are allergic, they would say somos alérgicos/as.
You can also use alérgico/a to describe things that are designed for people with allergies, such as un producto hipoalergénico (a hypoallergenic product), although the word hipoalergénico is more common in that context.
§ Talking about allergies at work
When you're at work, you might need to discuss allergies, especially if you're dealing with food or shared spaces. Being able to clearly state your allergies or ask about others' is important for safety and consideration.
Soy alérgico al cacahuete. (I am allergic to peanuts.)
¿Hay alguien alérgico a los lácteos en el equipo? (Is anyone on the team allergic to dairy?)
You might also encounter this when someone is asking about ingredients for a shared meal or if there's a particular scent in the office.
§ 'Alérgico' in academic and school settings
In schools, especially with younger children, it's crucial to know about allergies. Teachers, school nurses, and even other parents often need this information. You'll hear and use 'alérgico' in contexts related to health forms, lunch menus, and emergency protocols.
Muchos niños son alérgicos al gluten. (Many children are allergic to gluten.)
Asegúrate de que no haya nada a lo que tu hijo sea alérgico en su merienda. (Make sure there's nothing your child is allergic to in their snack.)
Even in higher education, you might hear this word in discussions about health services or dietary restrictions for campus events.
§ Hearing 'alérgico' in the news
The news often covers health-related topics, including allergies. You might hear 'alérgico' when talking about product recalls, new medical studies, or public health announcements. For example, if there's a news report about a food product that wasn't properly labeled for allergens, you'd definitely hear this word.
El nuevo medicamento puede ser peligroso para personas alérgicas. (The new medicine can be dangerous for allergic people.)
Se retiraron del mercado productos que contenían ingredientes a los que mucha gente es alérgica. (Products containing ingredients many people are allergic to were recalled from the market.)
§ Other common uses of 'alérgico'
Beyond work, school, and news, 'alérgico' comes up in daily conversations, particularly when discussing health or diet.
- At a restaurant:
Mi hijo es alérgico a los mariscos. (My son is allergic to seafood.)
- At the doctor's office:
Soy alérgica a la penicilina. (I am allergic to penicillin.)
- DEFINITION
- Having an allergy.
Understanding and using 'alérgico' correctly will help you navigate a variety of real-life situations in Spanish, ensuring clear communication about health and safety.
§ "Alérgico": What it means
- Definition
- Having an allergy.
When you want to say someone has an allergy to something in Spanish, you use the adjective alérgico. It's pretty straightforward, just like its English counterpart 'allergic'. Remember that since it's an adjective, it needs to match the gender and number of the noun it describes. So, you'll see it as alérgico (masculine singular), alérgica (feminine singular), alérgicos (masculine plural), and alérgicas (feminine plural).
Soy alérgico a los cacahuetes.
This translates to: I am allergic to peanuts. (Here, 'soy' is 'I am' and 'los cacahuetes' are 'the peanuts'.)
Mi hermana es alérgica a los gatos.
This means: My sister is allergic to cats. (Notice 'alérgica' because 'hermana' is feminine.)
§ Related words: "Alergia"
The noun form of alérgico is alergia, which means 'allergy'. This is used when you're talking about the condition itself, rather than describing someone who has it.
Tengo una alergia al polen.
This translates to: I have an allergy to pollen. ('Tengo' is 'I have' and 'polen' is 'pollen'.)
§ Talking about reactions: "Reacción alérgica"
When you want to describe an allergic reaction, you'd use reacción alérgica. This is a common phrase and very useful in medical contexts or when explaining symptoms.
Tuvo una reacción alérgica grave.
This means: He/She had a severe allergic reaction. ('Tuvo' is 'he/she had' and 'grave' is 'severe'.)
§ When to use each word
Here's a quick guide to help you choose the right word:
- Alérgico/a/os/as: Use this when you are describing a person or an animal that *has* an allergy. It's an adjective.
- Alergia: Use this when you are talking about the *condition* of having an allergy. It's a noun.
- Reacción alérgica: Use this when you are talking about the *symptoms or episode* caused by an allergy.
Practicing these words in different sentences will help them stick. Try describing your own allergies, or those of your friends and family, to get comfortable with their usage!
How Formal Is It?
"El paciente es alérgico a la penicilina."
"Soy alérgico al polen."
"Mi hermano es alérgico a los gatos, ¡pobrecito!"
"Si comes fresas y eres alérgico, te pica la piel."
"Estoy con alergia al trabajo hoy, ¡no quiero hacer nada!"
Wusstest du?
The term 'allergy' was coined in 1906 by Viennese pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet, who observed that some of his patients reacted differently to certain substances.
Beispiele nach Niveau
Soy alérgico a los gatos.
I am allergic to cats.
Use 'ser' for permanent conditions like allergies.
¿Eres alérgico a algún alimento?
Are you allergic to any food?
'Algún' (some/any) agrees in gender and number with the noun.
Ella es alérgica al polen en primavera.
She is allergic to pollen in spring.
'Alérgica' agrees with 'ella' (feminine singular).
Mis amigos son alérgicos al maní.
My friends are allergic to peanuts.
'Alérgicos' agrees with 'mis amigos' (masculine plural).
No soy alérgico a nada, por suerte.
I'm not allergic to anything, luckily.
'Nada' means 'nothing' or 'anything' in negative sentences.
Si eres alérgico, debes tener cuidado.
If you are allergic, you must be careful.
'Debes' is the 'tú' form of 'deber' (must/should).
La niña es alérgica al polvo.
The girl is allergic to dust.
'Alérgica' agrees with 'la niña' (feminine singular).
¿Hay alguien aquí alérgico a los mariscos?
Is anyone here allergic to shellfish?
'Alguien' (someone/anyone) is always singular.
Grammatikmuster
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
"ser alérgico a algo"
To be allergic to something (literally: to be allergic to something)
Soy alérgico al polen, así que la primavera es difícil para mí. (I'm allergic to pollen, so spring is difficult for me.)
neutral"tener una reacción alérgica"
To have an allergic reaction
Después de comer camarones, tuvo una reacción alérgica grave. (After eating shrimp, he had a severe allergic reaction.)
neutral"ser muy alérgico"
To be very allergic
Mi hermana es muy alérgica a los cacahuetes. (My sister is very allergic to peanuts.)
neutral"ser alérgico al trabajo"
To be allergic to work (humorous, informal: to be lazy)
Juan parece ser alérgico al trabajo, nunca hace nada. (Juan seems to be allergic to work, he never does anything.)
informal"ser alérgico a las matemáticas"
To be allergic to math (humorous, informal: to dislike math intensely)
Siempre digo que soy alérgico a las matemáticas, no entiendo nada. (I always say I'm allergic to math, I don't understand anything.)
informal"desarrollar una alergia"
To develop an allergy
De adulto, desarrollé una alergia a los gatos. (As an adult, I developed an allergy to cats.)
neutral"causar una reacción alérgica"
To cause an allergic reaction
Algunos alimentos pueden causar una reacción alérgica en personas sensibles. (Some foods can cause an allergic reaction in sensitive people.)
neutral"estar libre de alérgenos"
To be allergen-free
El restaurante ofrece opciones libres de alérgenos para sus clientes. (The restaurant offers allergen-free options for its customers.)
neutral"llevar un epipen (un autoinyector de epinefrina)"
To carry an EpiPen (an epinephrine auto-injector)
Si eres alérgico grave, es importante llevar un epipen. (If you are severely allergic, it's important to carry an EpiPen.)
neutral"tener la nariz alérgica"
To have allergic rhinitis/hay fever (literally: to have an allergic nose)
En primavera, tengo la nariz alérgica y estornudo mucho. (In spring, I have allergic rhinitis and sneeze a lot.)
neutralSatzmuster
Soy alérgico/a a [sustantivo].
Soy alérgica a los gatos. (I am allergic to cats.)
Él/Ella es alérgico/a a [sustantivo].
Mi hijo es alérgico a los cacahuetes. (My son is allergic to peanuts.)
¿Eres alérgico/a a [sustantivo]?
¿Eres alérgico a algún medicamento? (Are you allergic to any medication?)
[Sustantivo] me da una reacción alérgica.
El polvo me da una reacción alérgica. (Dust gives me an allergic reaction.)
Tengo una reacción alérgica a [sustantivo].
Tengo una reacción alérgica al polen. (I have an allergic reaction to pollen.)
Si eres alérgico/a a [sustantivo], evita [verbo en infinitivo].
Si eres alérgico a los mariscos, evita comerlos. (If you are allergic to seafood, avoid eating it.)
Es importante informar si eres alérgico/a a [sustantivo].
Es importante informar si eres alérgico a algún alimento. (It's important to inform if you are allergic to any food.)
[Sustantivo] puede causar una reacción alérgica.
Algunos cosméticos pueden causar una reacción alérgica. (Some cosmetics can cause an allergic reaction.)
So verwendest du es
When talking about allergies in Spanish, you'll often use the verb ser with alérgico/a. For example, Soy alérgico a los gatos (I am allergic to cats). You can also use tener alergia a (to have an allergy to), like Tengo alergia a las fresas (I have an allergy to strawberries). Remember to match the gender and number of alérgico/a with the person or people you are referring to.
A common mistake is using estar instead of ser with alérgico/a. While in English we say 'I am allergic,' in Spanish, allergies are considered a permanent characteristic, so you use ser. Incorrect: Estoy alérgico a los cacahuetes. Correct: Soy alérgico a los cacahuetes (I am allergic to peanuts). Another mistake is forgetting to use the preposition a after alérgico/a when specifying what someone is allergic to. For example, not Soy alérgico los mariscos, but Soy alérgico a los mariscos (I am allergic to shellfish).
Tipps
Use with 'ser'
Remember, alérgico is an adjective describing a permanent condition, so you'll almost always use it with the verb ser (to be). For example, 'Soy alérgico a los gatos' (I am allergic to cats).
Gender and number agreement
Like all Spanish adjectives, alérgico changes to agree with the noun it describes. So, you'll hear alérgica (feminine singular), alérgicos (masculine plural), and alérgicas (feminine plural). For instance, 'Ella es alérgica al polen' (She is allergic to pollen).
To what are you allergic?
When saying what you're allergic to, use the preposition a (to/at) after alérgico/a. For example, 'Él es alérgico a los cacahuetes' (He is allergic to peanuts).
Common allergy words
Practice saying things you might be allergic to: polen (pollen), gatos (cats), perros (dogs), cacahuetes (peanuts), mariscos (shellfish), leche (milk), gluten (gluten), picaduras de insectos (insect stings).
Asking about allergies
If you need to ask someone if they have allergies, you can say: '¿Eres alérgico/a a algo?' (Are you allergic to something?) or '¿Tienes alergias?' (Do you have allergies? This uses the noun alergias, not the adjective).
Saying 'I don't have allergies'
If you don't have allergies, you can say: 'No soy alérgico/a a nada' (I am not allergic to anything) or 'No tengo alergias' (I don't have allergies).
Don't confuse with 'alergia'
Remember that alérgico is the adjective (allergic), while alergia is the noun (allergy). They are related but used differently in sentences.
Medical context
In a medical setting, it's very important to know this word. You might see it on forms or hear it asked by doctors or pharmacists. For instance, '¿Es usted alérgico a algún medicamento?' (Are you allergic to any medication? This uses the formal usted).
Practice sentences
Try making a few sentences about your own allergies or those of people you know. For example, 'Mi hermana es alérgica a las fresas' (My sister is allergic to strawberries).
Listen for it
When watching Spanish shows or listening to podcasts, try to catch instances of alérgico. The more you hear it, the more natural it will become for you.
Wortherkunft
From Greek 'allos' (other) + 'ergon' (work), meaning 'other reaction'. This term was adopted into Spanish and other Romance languages.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: Pertaining to an altered or abnormal reaction of the body.
Indo-European (via Greek and Latin)Kultureller Kontext
In Spanish-speaking cultures, awareness of allergies and dietary restrictions has become increasingly common, similar to global trends. When dining out or at social gatherings, it's customary and appreciated to inform hosts or waitstaff about any allergies you may have to ensure your safety and comfort.
Teste dich selbst 60 Fragen
Mi amigo es ___ a los gatos.
The word 'alérgico' agrees in gender and number with 'amigo' (masculine singular).
Ella es ___ a las fresas.
The word 'alérgica' agrees in gender and number with 'ella' (feminine singular).
Mis padres son ___ a los mariscos.
The word 'alérgicos' agrees in gender and number with 'padres' (masculine plural).
Las niñas son ___ al chocolate.
The word 'alérgicas' agrees in gender and number with 'niñas' (feminine plural).
¿Eres ___ a algún medicamento?
Assuming the question is addressed to a male, 'alérgico' is the correct form. If addressed to a female, 'alérgica' would be correct.
No soy ___ a nada, afortunadamente.
Assuming the speaker is male, 'alérgico' is the correct form. If the speaker is female, 'alérgica' would be correct.
The speaker is talking about a food allergy.
Someone is asking about an allergy to something common in spring.
The sentence says she does NOT have an allergy to a type of animal.
Read this aloud:
No soy alérgico al gluten.
Focus: alérgico, gluten
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
¿Es usted alérgico a algún medicamento?
Focus: usted, algún, medicamento
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Mi hermana es alérgica a las fresas.
Focus: hermana, alérgica, fresas
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
You are at a restaurant. Tell the waiter in Spanish that you are allergic to peanuts.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Soy alérgico/a a los cacahuetes. ¿Hay cacahuetes en este plato?
Your friend asks if you can eat dairy. Respond in Spanish, saying you are not allergic to dairy.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
No, no soy alérgico/a a los lácteos.
You are filling out a medical form. Write a sentence in Spanish indicating that you are allergic to penicillin.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Soy alérgico/a a la penicilina.
¿A qué es alérgica Ana?
Read this passage:
Ana va al restaurante con sus amigos. Cuando el camarero pregunta qué quiere pedir, Ana dice: 'Soy alérgica a los mariscos. ¿Este plato tiene mariscos?'
¿A qué es alérgica Ana?
Ana dice claramente: 'Soy alérgica a los mariscos.'
Ana dice claramente: 'Soy alérgica a los mariscos.'
¿A qué medicina es alérgico Juan?
Read this passage:
El doctor le pregunta a Juan: '¿Es usted alérgico a alguna medicina?' Juan responde: 'Sí, soy alérgico a la aspirina.'
¿A qué medicina es alérgico Juan?
Juan responde: 'Sí, soy alérgico a la aspirina.'
Juan responde: 'Sí, soy alérgico a la aspirina.'
¿Qué le preocupa a María sobre el pastel?
Read this passage:
María está en una fiesta. Alguien le ofrece un pastel, pero ella pregunta: '¿Este pastel tiene nueces? Soy alérgica a las nueces.'
¿Qué le preocupa a María sobre el pastel?
María pregunta si el pastel tiene nueces porque es alérgica a ellas.
María pregunta si el pastel tiene nueces porque es alérgica a ellas.
This means 'I am allergic to peanuts.' We put 'alérgico' after 'soy' (I am) and before 'a los cacahuetes' (to peanuts).
This means 'My cat is allergic to pollen.' 'Alérgica' agrees with 'gato' (cat) which is feminine here, and 'al polen' means 'to pollen'.
This means 'Are you allergic to strawberries?' 'Alérgica' agrees with 'tú' (you, feminine).
Imagine you are explaining to a new acquaintance that you cannot eat certain foods due to an allergy. Describe what you are allergic to and what happens if you accidentally eat it.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Soy alérgico a los cacahuetes. Si como algo con cacahuetes, mi garganta se cierra y me cuesta respirar. Por eso, siempre tengo que tener mucho cuidado y preguntar por los ingredientes de la comida para evitar una reacción.
You are writing a short email to a restaurant before making a reservation. Explain that one person in your party has a severe allergy to shellfish and needs to ensure their meal is prepared separately to avoid cross-contamination. What would you write?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Estimados, Me gustaría hacer una reserva para el jueves por la noche para cuatro personas. Una de las personas de nuestro grupo es gravemente alérgica a los mariscos. ¿Podrían asegurarnos que pueden preparar su comida en un área separada para evitar cualquier contaminación cruzada? Agradezco de antemano su atención.
Your friend is going to a potluck, and you want to warn them about a mutual friend's allergy. Write a text message reminding your friend to be careful about a specific ingredient.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
¡Hola! Solo un recordatorio para el potluck de mañana: recuerda que María es alérgica a las nueces, así que ten cuidado con los postres que contengan este ingrediente. No queremos que le pase nada. ¡Nos vemos!
¿Qué grupo de edad es particularmente susceptible a las alergias alimentarias, según el pasaje?
Read this passage:
Un estudio reciente ha demostrado que la prevalencia de alergias alimentarias ha aumentado significativamente en las últimas décadas. Los niños son particularmente susceptibles, y las alergias más comunes incluyen los cacahuetes, la leche, los huevos y el trigo. Es crucial que los padres y los cuidadores estén informados sobre los síntomas y sepan cómo actuar en caso de una reacción alérgica.
¿Qué grupo de edad es particularmente susceptible a las alergias alimentarias, según el pasaje?
El pasaje menciona explícitamente: 'Los niños son particularmente susceptibles'.
El pasaje menciona explícitamente: 'Los niños son particularmente susceptibles'.
¿Qué hace María para aliviar sus síntomas de alergia al polen?
Read this passage:
María siempre ha sido alérgica al polen, especialmente durante la primavera. Sus ojos se enrojecen, le pican y estornuda constantemente. Para aliviar los síntomas, toma un antihistamínico a diario y evita salir al aire libre cuando la concentración de polen es muy alta. A pesar de estas precauciones, a veces los síntomas son tan fuertes que le afectan su vida diaria.
¿Qué hace María para aliviar sus síntomas de alergia al polen?
El pasaje indica: 'Para aliviar los síntomas, toma un antihistamínico a diario y evita salir al aire libre cuando la concentración de polen es muy alta.'
El pasaje indica: 'Para aliviar los síntomas, toma un antihistamínico a diario y evita salir al aire libre cuando la concentración de polen es muy alta.'
¿Qué le ocurre a la hermana de Juan cuando está cerca de gatos?
Read this passage:
La hermana de Juan es alérgica al pelo de gato. Cuando visita casas con gatos, comienza a toser, y su piel se le pone roja y con picazón. A menudo, tiene que usar un inhalador. Por esta razón, cuando Juan tiene invitados, siempre les pide que informen si tienen mascotas para que su hermana pueda tomar precauciones o, si es necesario, evitar la visita.
¿Qué le ocurre a la hermana de Juan cuando está cerca de gatos?
El texto dice: 'Cuando visita casas con gatos, comienza a toser, y su piel se le pone roja y con picazón.'
El texto dice: 'Cuando visita casas con gatos, comienza a toser, y su piel se le pone roja y con picazón.'
The sentence structure in Spanish places the adjective 'alérgico' after the verb 'ser' and before the preposition 'a' when stating what someone is allergic to.
In Spanish, the possessive adjective 'mi' comes before the noun 'perro', and 'alérgico' follows 'es' (form of 'ser') and precedes the 'al' (a + el) when specifying the allergy.
This is a question asking about an allergy. The structure '¿A algún tipo de... eres alérgico?' is a common way to phrase this question in Spanish.
Listen for what the dog is allergic to and what it enjoys doing despite the allergy.
Pay attention to who needs to be informed and what the allergy is to prevent problems.
Listen for when the sister discovered her allergy and what kind of symptoms she had.
Read this aloud:
Describe una situación donde la alergia de alguien causó un problema y cómo se resolvió.
Focus: alérgica
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
¿Qué precauciones tomas si sabes que eres alérgico a algo en particular, especialmente cuando viajas?
Focus: precauciones
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Imagina que estás en un restaurante y necesitas informar al camarero que eres alérgico a un ingrediente específico. ¿Cómo lo dirías?
Focus: camarero
Du hast gesagt:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are explaining to a friend why you can't eat a specific food at a dinner party. Use 'alérgico' to describe your dietary restriction, providing a clear and polite reason. Write 2-3 sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Lo siento, pero no puedo comer la tarta de chocolate; soy alérgico a los lácteos. Si tiene leche, mi estómago reacciona muy mal.
You are writing an email to a hotel about your upcoming stay. You need to inform them about an allergy you have to certain materials in bedding. Use 'alérgico' to clearly state your requirement. Write 2-3 sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Quería informarles que soy alérgico a las plumas y al polvo. Por favor, asegúrense de que mi habitación tenga ropa de cama hipoalergénica.
Describe a hypothetical situation where someone you know discovers they are 'alérgico' to something unexpected. Explain their reaction and what steps they might take next. Write 3-4 sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Mi amigo Juan descubrió que era alérgico a los mariscos después de una cena en la playa. Tuvo una reacción cutánea bastante severa y ahora tiene que evitar por completo cualquier producto del mar. Está pensando en consultar a un especialista para un diagnóstico más preciso.
¿Cuál es una de las principales preocupaciones mencionadas en el texto?
Read this passage:
El aumento de las alergias alimentarias en la población global ha generado preocupación en la comunidad médica. Especialistas advierten sobre la importancia de la detección temprana y la gestión adecuada para evitar complicaciones graves. Muchas personas no saben que son alérgicas hasta que experimentan una reacción adversa, a menudo con síntomas que varían desde leves a potencialmente mortales.
¿Cuál es una de las principales preocupaciones mencionadas en el texto?
El texto menciona explícitamente: 'El aumento de las alergias alimentarias en la población global ha generado preocupación'.
El texto menciona explícitamente: 'El aumento de las alergias alimentarias en la población global ha generado preocupación'.
¿Qué descubrió María después de visitar al alergólogo?
Read this passage:
María siempre pensó que sus estornudos constantes eran solo por el polvo. Sin embargo, después de una visita al alergólogo, descubrió que era alérgica al polen de ciertas plantas. Ahora, en primavera, toma precauciones adicionales para minimizar su exposición y ha notado una mejora significativa en su calidad de vida.
¿Qué descubrió María después de visitar al alergólogo?
El texto dice: 'descubrió que era alérgica al polen de ciertas plantas'.
El texto dice: 'descubrió que era alérgica al polen de ciertas plantas'.
¿Qué se sugiere como fundamental para proteger a los niños de alérgenos?
Read this passage:
La vida moderna, con su exposición a diversos químicos y alimentos procesados, parece haber contribuido al incremento de las personas alérgicas. Los niños son particularmente vulnerables, y muchos padres buscan información sobre cómo proteger a sus hijos de posibles alérgenos. La educación sobre los ingredientes y la lectura de etiquetas son fundamentales.
¿Qué se sugiere como fundamental para proteger a los niños de alérgenos?
El texto afirma: 'La educación sobre los ingredientes y la lectura de etiquetas son fundamentales'.
El texto afirma: 'La educación sobre los ingredientes y la lectura de etiquetas son fundamentales'.
This sentence expresses a cautious avoidance of peanuts despite not having a known allergy, using 'aunque' (although) to introduce the concession.
This sentence emphasizes the importance of informing restaurant staff about allergies, using 'fundamental' (fundamental) to highlight its criticality.
This sentence describes a severe allergy requiring an epinephrine autoinjector, illustrating a practical consequence of being 'alérgico'.
Choose the most appropriate synonym for "alérgico" in a medical context.
While 'sensible' and 'susceptible' can imply sensitivity, 'reactivo' (reactive) most accurately captures the specific physiological response associated with being allergic in a medical sense. 'Intolerante' refers to intolerance, which is not always an allergy.
Which sentence correctly uses "alérgico" in a metaphorical sense?
The phrase 'estar alérgico a algo' can be used metaphorically to express a strong aversion or dislike towards something, much like a physical allergy. The other options describe literal allergies.
In a formal scientific paper, how would you best describe someone who exhibits an adverse immune response to a specific substance?
While 'un individuo alérgico' is correct, 'una persona con hipersensibilidad' is a more formal and scientifically precise term to describe an exaggerated immune response, encompassing allergies. 'Sujeto reaccionario' has a political connotation, and 'paciente sensibilizado' is less precise without further context.
It is always appropriate to use "alérgico" interchangeably with "intolerante" when discussing dietary restrictions.
False. While both relate to adverse reactions to food, an allergy involves an immune response that can be life-threatening, whereas intolerance is generally a digestive issue and less severe. They are not interchangeable terms.
If someone says they are "alérgico a las mentiras", they are literally claiming to have a physical allergy to dishonesty.
False. This is a metaphorical use of 'alérgico' to express a strong aversion or dislike, not a literal physical allergy.
In Spanish, the preposition commonly used after "alérgico" to specify the allergen is "a".
True. The correct structure is 'ser alérgico a algo' (to be allergic to something), for example, 'Soy alérgico al polen'.
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Use with 'ser'
Remember, alérgico is an adjective describing a permanent condition, so you'll almost always use it with the verb ser (to be). For example, 'Soy alérgico a los gatos' (I am allergic to cats).
Gender and number agreement
Like all Spanish adjectives, alérgico changes to agree with the noun it describes. So, you'll hear alérgica (feminine singular), alérgicos (masculine plural), and alérgicas (feminine plural). For instance, 'Ella es alérgica al polen' (She is allergic to pollen).
To what are you allergic?
When saying what you're allergic to, use the preposition a (to/at) after alérgico/a. For example, 'Él es alérgico a los cacahuetes' (He is allergic to peanuts).
Common allergy words
Practice saying things you might be allergic to: polen (pollen), gatos (cats), perros (dogs), cacahuetes (peanuts), mariscos (shellfish), leche (milk), gluten (gluten), picaduras de insectos (insect stings).
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abdomen
B1The part of the body of a vertebrate containing the digestive organs.
accidentarse
B1To have an accident.
adelgazar
A2To lose weight or become thinner.
además de
B1In addition to.
adicción
B1The fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance or activity.
adicto
B1Physically and mentally dependent on a particular substance.
adicto/a
B1Physically or psychologically dependent on a particular substance or activity.
adolorido
B1Feeling pain or soreness.
afección
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afectivo
B1affective; emotional
